RU2008128865A - SPRING STEEL, METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SPRING FROM SUCH STEEL AND A SPRING FROM THIS STEEL - Google Patents
SPRING STEEL, METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SPRING FROM SUCH STEEL AND A SPRING FROM THIS STEEL Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- RU2008128865A RU2008128865A RU2008128865/02A RU2008128865A RU2008128865A RU 2008128865 A RU2008128865 A RU 2008128865A RU 2008128865/02 A RU2008128865/02 A RU 2008128865/02A RU 2008128865 A RU2008128865 A RU 2008128865A RU 2008128865 A RU2008128865 A RU 2008128865A
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- Prior art keywords
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- steel
- spring
- smelting
- spring steel
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Wire Processing (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Abstract
1. Пружинная сталь с повышенной усталостной прочностью на воздухе и в коррозионной среде и с высокой стойкостью против циклического разупрочнения, следующего состава, вес.%: ! С0,45-0,70Si1,65-2,50Mn0,20-0,75Cr0,60-2,0Ni0,15-1,0Моследы-1,0V0,003-0,8Cu0,10-1,0Ti0,020-0,2Nbследы-0,2Al0,002-0,050Рследы-0,015Sследы-0,015Оследы-0,0020N0,0020-0,0110 ! остальное - железо и сопутствующие при выплавке примеси, при этом содержание эквивалентного углерода Ceq в стали, рассчитанное по формуле: ! Ceq%=[С%]+0,12[Si%]+0,17[Mn%]-0,1[Ni%]+0,13[Cr5]-0,24[V%], ! составляет от 0,80 до 1,00%, твердость стали после закалки и отпуска превышает или равна 55 HRC. ! 2. Пружинная сталь по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что максимальный размер нитридов или карбонитридов титана на глубине 1,5 мм±0,5 мм от поверхности прутка, катанки или заготовки или пружины сечением с площадью 100 мм2 составляет 20 мкм или менее, причем упомянутый размер является величиной квадратного корня величины площади включений, форму которых принимают за квадрат. ! 3. Пружинная сталь по п.1 или 2, отличающаяся тем, что она имеет следующий состав, вес.%: ! С0,45-0,65Si1,65-2,20Mn0,20-0,65Cr0,80-1,7Ni0,15-0,80Моследы-0,80V0,003-0,5Сu0,10-0,90Ti0,020-0,15Nbследы-0,15Al0,002-0,050Рследы-0,010Sследы-0,010Oследы-0,0020N0,0020-0,0110 ! остальное - железо и сопутствующие при выплавке примеси. ! 4. Способ получения пружинной стали с повышенной усталостной прочностью на воздухе и в коррозионной среде и с высокой стойкостью против циклического разупрочнения, включающий выплавку жидкой стали в конвертере или электропечи, корректировку ее состава, разливку с получением блюмов или сутунок способом непрерывной разливки или слитков, охлаждение до температуры окружающей среды, прокатку с получением прутков, катанки или заготовок и изготовление пружин, отличающи�1. Spring steel with increased fatigue resistance in air and in a corrosive environment and with high resistance to cyclic softening, of the following composition, wt.%:! C0.45-0.70 Si1.65-2.50Mn0.20-0.75Cr0.60-2.0 Ni0.15-1.0 Sequences-1.0V0.003-0.8Cu0.10-1.0 Ti0.020- 0.2Nb-traces-0.2Al0.002-0.050-traces-0.015S-traces-0.015Traces-0.0020N0.0020-0.0110! the rest is iron and impurities associated with the smelting, while the content of Ceq equivalent carbon in steel, calculated by the formula:! Ceq% = [C%] + 0.12 [Si%] + 0.17 [Mn%] - 0.1 [Ni%] + 0.13 [Cr5] -0.24 [V%],! ranges from 0.80 to 1.00%, the hardness of steel after quenching and tempering is greater than or equal to 55 HRC. ! 2. Spring steel according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum size of titanium nitrides or carbonitrides at a depth of 1.5 mm ± 0.5 mm from the surface of a rod, wire rod or billet or spring with a cross-section with an area of 100 mm2 is 20 μm or less, wherein said size is the square root value of the area of inclusions, the shape of which is taken as square. ! 3. Spring steel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has the following composition, wt.%:! С0.45-0.65Si1.65-2.20Mn0.20-0.65Cr0.80-1.7Ni0.15-0.80 Sequences-0.80V0.003-0.5Cu0.10-0.90Ti0.020- 0.15 Nb traces-0.15 Al0.002-0.050 Traces-0.010 S traces-0.010 O traces-0.0020N0.0020-0.0110! the rest is iron and the impurities associated with the smelting. ! 4. A method of producing spring steel with increased fatigue strength in air and in a corrosive environment and with high resistance against cyclic softening, including smelting of liquid steel in a converter or electric furnace, adjusting its composition, casting to produce blooms or sutures by continuous casting or ingots, cooling to ambient temperature, rolling to produce rods, wire rods or billets and manufacturing springs that distinguish
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0512775 | 2005-12-15 | ||
| FR0512775A FR2894987B1 (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2005-12-15 | SPRING STEEL, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A SPRING USING THE SAME, AND SPRING REALIZED IN SUCH A STEEL |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| RU2008128865A true RU2008128865A (en) | 2010-01-20 |
| RU2397270C2 RU2397270C2 (en) | 2010-08-20 |
Family
ID=36933407
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2008128865/02A RU2397270C2 (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2006-12-11 | Spring steel, procedure for fabrication of spring out of this steel ans spring out of this steel |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080308195A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1966407B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4869051B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101048946B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101400818B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE445026T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0619892B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2633153C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602006009705D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2331539T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2894987B1 (en) |
| ME (1) | ME01062B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO341748B1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL1966407T3 (en) |
| RS (1) | RS51070B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2397270C2 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI1966407T1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007080256A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114990451A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-09-02 | 山东联美弹簧科技股份有限公司 | Microalloyed steel for automobile spring stabilizer bar and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008062010A2 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2008-05-29 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Method for making activated carboxypeptidases |
| CN102268604A (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2011-12-07 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Steel wire material for spring and its producing method |
| JP4694537B2 (en) | 2007-07-23 | 2011-06-08 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Spring wire with excellent fatigue characteristics |
| JP5653022B2 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2015-01-14 | 中央発條株式会社 | Spring steel and spring with excellent corrosion fatigue strength |
| US8349095B2 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2013-01-08 | Chuo Hatsujo Kabushiki Kaisha | Spring steel and spring having superior corrosion fatigue strength |
| CN102151693B (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-01-11 | 大冶特殊钢股份有限公司 | Method for rolling low-hardness small-sized spring steel |
| JP5711539B2 (en) | 2011-01-06 | 2015-05-07 | 中央発條株式会社 | Spring with excellent corrosion fatigue strength |
| CN103014533B (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2015-02-04 | 宝钢集团新疆八一钢铁有限公司 | Technique for prolonging fatigue life of 50CrVA plate spring |
| KR101353649B1 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2014-01-20 | 주식회사 포스코 | Wire rod and steel wire having high corrosion resistance, method of manufacturing spring and steel wire for spring |
| ES2765016T3 (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2020-06-05 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Bolt and Bolt Manufacturing Method |
| CN102735749A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-17 | 吴江市宏达探伤器材有限公司 | Magnetic particle inspection test block and preparation method thereof |
| JP2015034324A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-19 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | Steel with excellent rolling fatigue life |
| CN103499595B (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2016-01-13 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Spring steel clip foreign material chemical composition microcell method for quantitative measuring |
| KR101446135B1 (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2014-10-02 | 주식회사 세아베스틸 | Steel for suspension spring with high strength and excellent fatigue and method producing the same |
| JP6282571B2 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2018-02-21 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Manufacturing method of high strength hollow spring steel |
| CN105112799A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-02 | 广西南宁智翠科技咨询有限公司 | Special spring wire for vehicle engine |
| CN105178224B (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-05-03 | 耿志斌 | Road and bridge collision avoidance protective device |
| KR101776462B1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-09-20 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Coil spring steel |
| KR101745192B1 (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Ultra high strength spring steel |
| KR101745196B1 (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-06-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Ultra high strength spring steel |
| KR101776490B1 (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-09-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | High strength spring steel having excellent corrosion resistance |
| KR101776491B1 (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-09-20 | 현대자동차주식회사 | High strength spring steel having excellent corrosion resistance |
| JP6356309B1 (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-07-11 | 三菱製鋼株式会社 | High-strength spring, method for manufacturing the same, steel for high-strength spring, and method for manufacturing the same |
| DE102017107487A1 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-11 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Method for producing a torsion bar spring and stabilizer for a chassis of a motor vehicle |
| US11674193B2 (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2023-06-13 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Canted coil spring and connector |
| MX2019014873A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2020-02-07 | Nippon Steel Corp | Rolled wire for spring steel. |
| CN107550124A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-01-09 | 南通通联海绵塑料有限公司 | A kind of sponges spring mattress manufacture method |
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| CN113930680B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-03-17 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Low-temperature-resistant high-strength spring flat steel and production method thereof |
| JP2023120677A (en) | 2022-02-18 | 2023-08-30 | 日本発條株式会社 | Inclusion evaluation method |
| CN115125450B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-03-21 | 浙江伊思灵双第弹簧有限公司 | Microalloyed spring and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN115961215B (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2024-10-18 | 铜陵有色金神耐磨材料有限责任公司 | High-wear-resistance Cr-Mo steel lining plate for light semi-autogenous mill and preparation method |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2078445C1 (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1997-04-27 | Тарасов Виктор Алексеевич | STEEL |
| US5776267A (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1998-07-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Spring steel with excellent resistance to hydrogen embrittlement and fatigue |
| JP3474373B2 (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 2003-12-08 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Spring steel with excellent hydrogen embrittlement resistance and fatigue properties |
| JPH09324219A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1997-12-16 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Production of high strength spring excellent in hydrogen embrittlement resistance |
| JPH10121201A (en) * | 1996-10-14 | 1998-05-12 | Kobe Steel Ltd | High strength spring excellent in delayed fracture resistance |
| JPH10299803A (en) * | 1997-04-22 | 1998-11-13 | Kobe Steel Ltd | High strength spring favourable in environmental brittleness resistance |
| JP3577411B2 (en) * | 1997-05-12 | 2004-10-13 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | High toughness spring steel |
| JP3246733B2 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2002-01-15 | 三菱製鋼室蘭特殊鋼株式会社 | High strength spring steel |
| RU2158320C1 (en) * | 1999-11-29 | 2000-10-27 | ОАО "Чусовской металлургический завод" | Low-hardening structural steel |
| JP4261760B2 (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2009-04-30 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | High strength spring steel excellent in hydrogen fatigue fracture resistance and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2003105485A (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-04-09 | Nippon Steel Corp | High-strength spring steel excellent in hydrogen fatigue fracture resistance and method for producing the same |
| JP2003105496A (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-04-09 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Spring steel with excellent low decarburization and delayed fracture resistance |
| JP3918587B2 (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2007-05-23 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | Spring steel for cold forming |
| JP4476846B2 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2010-06-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | High strength spring steel with excellent cold workability and quality stability |
| JP4476863B2 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2010-06-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Steel wire for cold forming springs with excellent corrosion resistance |
-
2005
- 2005-12-15 FR FR0512775A patent/FR2894987B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-12-11 BR BRPI0619892A patent/BRPI0619892B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2006-12-11 CA CA2633153A patent/CA2633153C/en active Active
- 2006-12-11 CN CN2006800474270A patent/CN101400818B/en active Active
- 2006-12-11 RS RSP-2009/0515A patent/RS51070B/en unknown
- 2006-12-11 AT AT06841905T patent/ATE445026T1/en active
- 2006-12-11 WO PCT/FR2006/002700 patent/WO2007080256A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-12-11 ME MEP-2009-344A patent/ME01062B/en unknown
- 2006-12-11 SI SI200630437T patent/SI1966407T1/en unknown
- 2006-12-11 RU RU2008128865/02A patent/RU2397270C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-12-11 EP EP06841905A patent/EP1966407B1/en active Active
- 2006-12-11 KR KR1020087017219A patent/KR101048946B1/en active Active
- 2006-12-11 DE DE602006009705T patent/DE602006009705D1/en active Active
- 2006-12-11 ES ES06841905T patent/ES2331539T3/en active Active
- 2006-12-11 US US12/097,313 patent/US20080308195A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-11 PL PL06841905T patent/PL1966407T3/en unknown
- 2006-12-12 JP JP2006334660A patent/JP4869051B2/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-06-16 NO NO20082766A patent/NO341748B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114990451A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-09-02 | 山东联美弹簧科技股份有限公司 | Microalloyed steel for automobile spring stabilizer bar and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2633153C (en) | 2013-05-07 |
| FR2894987A1 (en) | 2007-06-22 |
| WO2007080256A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
| KR101048946B1 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
| SI1966407T1 (en) | 2009-12-31 |
| PL1966407T3 (en) | 2010-04-30 |
| BRPI0619892B1 (en) | 2016-06-07 |
| EP1966407B1 (en) | 2009-10-07 |
| NO20082766L (en) | 2008-07-14 |
| RS51070B (en) | 2010-10-31 |
| BRPI0619892A2 (en) | 2011-10-25 |
| JP4869051B2 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| ME01062B (en) | 2012-10-20 |
| NO341748B1 (en) | 2018-01-15 |
| CA2633153A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
| ATE445026T1 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
| ES2331539T3 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
| US20080308195A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
| JP2007224413A (en) | 2007-09-06 |
| DE602006009705D1 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
| CN101400818A (en) | 2009-04-01 |
| CN101400818B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
| KR20080090424A (en) | 2008-10-08 |
| EP1966407A1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
| RU2397270C2 (en) | 2010-08-20 |
| FR2894987B1 (en) | 2008-03-14 |
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