LU84675A1 - IMPROVED RAILWAY - Google Patents

Description

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Improved railroad,

The present invention relates to improvements made to railways of the type of those which include concrete sleepers, two rails supported by the sleepers, elastic plates 5 interposed between the underside of the runners of the rails and the combined bearing of these sleepers, as well as rigid and insulating flanges bearing on the upper face of said pads and cooperating with tightening bolts screwed into said crosspieces.

The rails of these known railways have flat runners and rest thereon on equally flat spans of the sleepers.

The object of the present invention is to control the forces applied to the track by the rolling load so that they are distributed over the components of the track under the normal conditions for which these are designed and installed. Thus, the invention aims to ensure that most of the stresses are transmitted from the rails to the crosspieces and that the fasteners 20 and lag bolts are not biased in curves except by forces reduced to a minimum. It also aims to ensure that the means used for this purpose ensure increased geometric precision and stabilized with reliability, of the spacing of the rails.

To achieve this object and in accordance with the invention, the underside of the pad of each rail and the combined bearing of each of the crosspieces have cooperating shapes defined by arched guidelines over the major part of the width 30 of the pad considered and by generators parallel to each other, while the upper face of the shoe of each rail and the combined bearing surfaces of the corresponding flanges have, edges up to the vicinity I ί 2 of the core of the rail considered, cooperating shapes defined by argued guidelines over most of the free width of the shoe in question and by generators parallel to each other.

5 These means are original compared to the known prior art concerning a railway with wooden sleepers supporting rails of the "Vignole" type.

Indeed, French patent n ° 1,198,376 and Belgian patent n ° 570,045 describe profiles of 10 rails designed for the purpose of lightening. When their lower face has a concave shape, it is distant from the crosspieces and the bearing of their shoe on said crosspieces is limited to the marginal parts of this face, which are narrow and coplanar.

Furthermore, French patent n ° 2,050,876 provides, in its median longitudinal zone, a recess or a projection intended to cooperate with conjugated elements of the saddle to center the rail with respect to the crosspieces. However, the range of the rail is flat over most of the width of the shoe of this rail, so that the forces cannot be transmitted and distributed as in the invention.

It is the same for the German patent n ° 608.323, which provides as centering means two longitudinal ribs cooperating with grooves of the crosspieces, the bearing surface of the shoe being plane between said ribs.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the underside s 30 of the pad of each rail is convex and, preferably, its guidelines are shaped as a trapezoidal broken arc. Furthermore, the upper face of the pad is formed by two lateral bands located on the two sides respectively of the rail core and extending substantially parallel to the lower face; preferably each

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3 rigid insulating flanges supported on the upper face of the rail pad is in opposite abutment against the conjugate outer side wall of the housing formed in the corresponding cross member for the rail.

Various other characteristics and advantages of the invention will also emerge from the detailed description which follows.

Embodiments of the object of the invention are shown, by way of nonlimiting examples, in the accompanying drawing.

In this drawing: - Figures 1 to 4 are half-sections showing four embodiments of the section of a rail.

15 - Figure 5 is a cross section illustrating the mounting of a rail according to Figure 1, on a crosspiece.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, each rail comprises a shoe 1 connected to a flange 2 by a core 3.

The present invention relates to the pad I and the means with which it cooperates. Its lower face 20 rests, by means of a profiled elastic plate 4, on a conjugate bearing surface 6 of a concrete cross member 7. It is held in place by lag bolts 8 screwed into a gasket 9 secured to the concrete cross member and immobilized by an adhesive sleeve 10; the lag bolts are extended by threaded rods II passing through rigid and insulating flanges 12, elastic washers 13 and rigid washers 14, then cooperating with tightening nuts 15.

Each flange 12 is fitted into a housing 16 of the cross member 7, is supported on the upper face 21 of the rail shoe 1, as well as on the upper face 35 of said cross member abuts against the outer side wall 17 of the housing considered.

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According to the first embodiment of Figure 1, the underside 20a of the pad 1 is concave and defined by trapezoidal guidelines? the bearing surface 6a of the crosspieces 7 is complementary shaped, 5 taking into account the thickness of the plate 4. The lateral bands 21a. of the upper face of the shoe 1, located on either side of the core 3 of the rail, are substantially parallel to the inclined parts of the lower face 20a, but there is nothing to prevent the lateral bands 21b 10 converge with these parts inclined towards the edges.

In any case, these bands 2la or 21b spnt conformally complementary to the flanges 12.

According to the second embodiment of FIG. 2, the lower face 20a of the shoe always has a trapezoidal section, but the lateral strips 21c of the upper face are divergent relative to this lower face; above all, these lateral bands, whether they are parallel (21a), convergent (21b) or divergent (21c), have a border 2ld substantially perpendicular to the web 3 of the rail, for symmetrical support of the flanges on the shoe and the crossing.

According to the third embodiment of FIG. 3, the lower face 20b of the shoe 1 is convex and always defined by trapezoidal guidelines? the bearing surface 6b of the crosspieces 7 is always complementary shaped, taking into account the thickness of the plate 4. The lateral bands of the upper face of the shoe 1 are substantially parallel in 21st (FIG. 3) to the inclined parts of the lower face 20b , or 30 converging with respect thereto by making an acute angle with the core 3 for the bands 2lf (FIG. 3) or an obtuse angle for the bands 21g (FIG. 4).

According to the fourth embodiment of Figure 4, the bands 21e, 21f or 21 £ compor-35 tent, as previouslytune border 21b perpendicular to the core.

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Whatever the embodiment chosen, it is important to note that the arcuate shapes 20a or 20b of the underside of the pad extend over practically the entire width of the latter. Furthermore, this arc shape of the guidelines of this face can be arbitrary, that is to say, as in the abovementioned embodiments, in broken arc · any polygonal, ogival, lobed ... or else curvilinear: circular, oval, elliptical, parabolic ...

10 If we consider the force R applied in A by a wagon wheel on the flange 2 of a curved rail, Figure 2 shows the decomposition of this force in the context of its application by the shoe 1, through the elastic plate 4; on the cross-member 7.

Under these conditions, the pad 1 of the rail receives all the vertical and transverse forces applied to the flange 2 by the wheels of the trains, in a straight line and in a curve, and transmits them in full. by means of the elastic plate 4 to the concrete sleepers 20 7.

Furthermore, the traction forces exerted on the lag screws 8 during the passage of a curved train, a passage which generates a moment of dumping of the rail, are much lower in the case of a rail 25 according to FIG. 5 than in the case of a Vignole rail with flat shoe; indeed, the instantaneous center of rotation is located on the edge of the flat shoe of the Vignole rail, while for the rail of the invention (Figure 5) it is always located at the edge but lowered due to the arched shape skating.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown and described in detail, since various modifications can be made thereto without departing from its scope.

Claims (6)

4 6 1, - Improved railway track comprising concrete sleepers (7), two rails (2) supported by the sleepers, elastic plates (4) interposed between the underside (20) of the pads (1) 5 of the rails and the combined bearing (6) of these crosspieces, as well as rigid and insulating flanges (12) bearing on the upper face (21) of said pads and cooperating with tightening bolts (8 to 11, 13 to 15. screwed into said sleepers, 10 characterized in that: - the underside (20a, 20b) of the shoe (1) of each rail and the combined bearing (6a, 6b) of each of the sleepers (7) have cooperating shapes defined by arcuate guidelines over · the major part of the width of the pad considered and by generatrices parallel to each other, - the upper face (23a to 21c [) of the pad (1) of each rail and the combined bearing surfaces of the corresponding flanges (12) have, from the edges to the vicinity of the core (3) of the rail in question, shapes cooperants defined by guidelines arched over the major part of the free width of the skate considered and by. generators parallel to each other. 2, - Railway track according to claim 25 1, characterized in that the lower face (20b) of the shoe (1) of each rail is convex. 3, - Railway track according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower face (20a) of the shoe (1) of each rail is concave. 30 4, - Track according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the guidelines of the lower face (20a, 20b) of the shoe (1) are shaped as a broken trapezoidal arc. # 7 5. Railway track according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the upper face of the shoe is formed by two lateral bands (21a, 21e) located on both sides respectively of the core (3) of the rail 5 and extending substantially parallel to the underside (20a, 20b). 6. Railway track according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper face of the shoe is formed by two lateral bands (21b, 21f, 21cj) located on two sides respectively of the core (3) of the rail and converging towards the edges with the underside (20a, 20b). 7. Railway track according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper face of the shoe is formed from two lateral bands (21c) situated on the two sides respectively of the core (3) of the rail and diverging towards the edges relative to the underside (20a). 8. Railway track according to claims 6 or 7, characterized in that each strip has an edge (2ld) substantially perpendicular to the core (3) of the rail. 9. Railway track according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the rigid insulating flanges (12) supported on the upper face (21) of the shoe (1) of the rail is in opposite abutment against the external lateral wall (17) conjugate housing (16) formed in the corresponding crosspiece (7) for the rail.