KR910009192B1 - 가연성 중성자 흡수체의 제조방법 - Google Patents
가연성 중성자 흡수체의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR910009192B1 KR910009192B1 KR1019830000792A KR830000792A KR910009192B1 KR 910009192 B1 KR910009192 B1 KR 910009192B1 KR 1019830000792 A KR1019830000792 A KR 1019830000792A KR 830000792 A KR830000792 A KR 830000792A KR 910009192 B1 KR910009192 B1 KR 910009192B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- neutron absorber
- powder
- slurry
- particles
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 euroforms Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
- G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
- G21C7/24—Selection of substances for use as neutron-absorbing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of reactors or parts thereof
- G21C21/18—Manufacture of control elements covered by group G21C7/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- 원자로의 가연성 독물봉에 사용하기 위한 가연성 중성자 흡수체를 제조하는 방법에 있어서, Al2O3와 ZrO2로 구성되는 그룹중 하나 이상을 포함한 내화성 물질 분말의 슬러리를 생성하는 단계와 ; 상기 슬러리에 결합제를 첨가하는 단계와 ; 상기 슬러리를 건조시켜 상기 결합제를 포함한 알루미늄 옥사이드 또는 지르코늄옥사이드의 덩어리로된 입자의 분말을 제조하는 단계와 ; 상기 분말을 보론, 가돌리늄, 사마륨, 카드뮴, 유로품, 하프늄, 디스프로슘 및 인듐등의 금속중 하나 이상의 원소나 그 화합물로 구성되는 중성자 흡수체물질의 분말과 혼합하여 상기 분말등의 혼합물을 형성하는 단계와 ; 상기 혼합물에 균등 압력을 가하여 그리인 바디를 형성하는 단게와 ; 상기 그리인 바디를 소결하여 소결된 바디를 형성하는 단계와 ; 상기 소결된 바디를 적절한 형태와 크기를 갖는 중성자 흡수체로 제조하는 단계를 포함한 것을 특징으로 하는 가연성 중성자 흡수체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 슬러리에 있는 알루미늄 옥사이드 분말의 평균 크기는 10-20 마이크론이며 중성자 흡수체 물질의 분말의 평균 크기는 5-15마이크론인 것을 특징으로 하는 가연성 중성자 흡수체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 슬러리는 분사 건조되어 평균 직경이 30-50마이크론인 구형의 알루미늄 옥사이드를 제조하는 것을 특징으로 하는 가연성 중성자 흡수체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 분말의 혼합물에 있는 중성자 흡수체 물질은 보론 카아바이드(B4C)이며 혼합물에서 B4C 함유량의 중량 퍼센트는 1-50인 것을 특징으로 하는 가연성 중성자 흡수체의 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 그리인 바디는 대기압과 1400℃-1800℃ 온도의 아르곤 분위기내에서 소결되는 것을 특징으로 하는 가연성 중성자 흡수체의 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 결합제는 경질 결합제인 것을 특징으로 하는 가연성 중성자 흡수체의 제조방법.
- 원자로의 가연성 독물봉에 사용하기 위한 가연성 중성자 흡수체 바디에 있어서, 상기 바디는 Al2O3의 다공성 매트릭스로 형성되며, 상기 매트릭스는 B4C 입자를 가진 기공들에 병치되어 있는 Al2O3의 고밀도 다결정 입자를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 가연성 중성자 흡수체 바디.
- 제7항에 있어서, 기공은 Al2O3입자를 포위하며, 상기 포위한 기공은 부분적으로 또는 전체적으로 B4C 입자들을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 가연성 중성자 흡수체 바디.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US352731 | 1982-02-26 | ||
| US06/352,731 US4566989A (en) | 1982-02-26 | 1982-02-26 | Burnable neutron absorbers |
| US352,731 | 1982-02-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR840003902A KR840003902A (ko) | 1984-10-04 |
| KR910009192B1 true KR910009192B1 (ko) | 1991-11-04 |
Family
ID=23386247
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019830000792A Expired KR910009192B1 (ko) | 1982-02-26 | 1983-02-26 | 가연성 중성자 흡수체의 제조방법 |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4566989A (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP0087926B1 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JPS58161970A (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR910009192B1 (ko) |
| BE (1) | BE896034A (ko) |
| CA (1) | CA1188502A (ko) |
| DE (1) | DE3376909D1 (ko) |
| ES (1) | ES520139A0 (ko) |
| FR (1) | FR2522434B1 (ko) |
| ZA (1) | ZA83621B (ko) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100812952B1 (ko) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-11 | 한국원자력연구원 | 지르코니아가 첨가된 중성자 흡수 소결체 및 이의 제조방법 |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4826630A (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1989-05-02 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Burnable neutron absorbers |
| US4818477A (en) * | 1984-07-10 | 1989-04-04 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | PCI resistant fuel and method and apparatus for controlling reactivity in a reactor core |
| US4683116A (en) * | 1985-05-09 | 1987-07-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Nuclear reactor |
| US4744922A (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1988-05-17 | Advanced Refractory Technologies, Inc. | Neutron-absorbing material and method of making same |
| US4992225A (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1991-02-12 | General Electric Company | Water corrosion-resistant ceramic oxide body |
| FR2634938B1 (fr) * | 1988-07-28 | 1990-09-21 | Cezus Co Europ Zirconium | Procede de fabrication d'un element metallique absorbeur de neutrons et element obtenu |
| US5242622A (en) * | 1988-09-15 | 1993-09-07 | Compagnie Europeenne Du Zirconium Cezus | Process for the production of a neutron absorbing pellet, the pellet obtained and the use thereof |
| US5243633A (en) * | 1991-09-20 | 1993-09-07 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Borate glass containing boron carbide burnable poison coating |
| US5319690A (en) * | 1992-06-30 | 1994-06-07 | Combustion Engineering Inc. | Internal fuel rod coating comprising metal silicates |
| FI92890C (fi) * | 1993-06-14 | 1995-01-10 | Otatech Oy | Neutronien hidastinmateriaali ja sen käyttö |
| RU2119199C1 (ru) * | 1997-07-25 | 1998-09-20 | Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации "Научно-исследовательский институт атомных реакторов" | Поглощающий сердечник органа регулирования атомного реактора |
| JPH11160479A (ja) * | 1997-11-27 | 1999-06-18 | Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Inst State Of Projects(Jnc) | 粒状吸収材を用いた制御棒及び制御棒集合体 |
| FR2790587B1 (fr) | 1999-03-03 | 2004-02-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Materiau absorbant neutronique a base de carbure de bore et de hafnium et procede de fabrication de ce materiau |
| JP3207841B1 (ja) * | 2000-07-12 | 2001-09-10 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | アルミニウム複合粉末およびその製造方法、アルミニウム複合材料、使用済み燃料貯蔵部材およびその製造方法 |
| JP3553520B2 (ja) * | 2001-04-19 | 2004-08-11 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 放射性物質貯蔵部材の製造方法および押出成形用ビレット |
| ATE333701T1 (de) * | 2002-12-17 | 2006-08-15 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Bleifreie mischung als strahlenschutz-additiv |
| KR100636798B1 (ko) | 2005-02-21 | 2006-10-20 | 한국원자력연구소 | 저밀도 b4c 소결체 제조기술 |
| RU2453004C1 (ru) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-10 | ОАО "Московский завод полиметаллов" | Поглощающий элемент корпусного водоохлаждаемого ядерного реактора |
| CN108484208B (zh) * | 2018-03-07 | 2021-02-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种莫来石/刚玉基乏燃料贮运用中子屏蔽泡沫陶瓷及其制备方法 |
| CN108863442A (zh) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种中子屏蔽复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN111153712A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 南京即衡科技发展有限公司 | 一种多孔陶瓷互穿网络中子屏蔽复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN113698193A (zh) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-11-26 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | 一种耐腐蚀铝酸盐中子吸收材料及其制备方法 |
| CN114959410A (zh) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-08-30 | 季华实验室 | 纳米氧化铝增强铝基碳化硼及其制备方法、中子吸收材料 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2727996A (en) * | 1952-08-11 | 1955-12-20 | Iii Theodore Rockwell | Thermal neutron shield and method for making same |
| GB865226A (en) * | 1958-01-06 | 1961-04-12 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to nuclear reactor control rod materials |
| US3088898A (en) * | 1958-01-06 | 1963-05-07 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Control rod materials |
| GB942945A (en) * | 1960-01-19 | 1963-11-27 | Doulton & Co Ltd | Ceramic materials |
| US3255092A (en) * | 1961-03-24 | 1966-06-07 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Control rods |
| US3122509A (en) * | 1961-05-17 | 1964-02-25 | Joseph H Handwerk | Coherent nuclear reactor elements |
| US3121128A (en) * | 1962-02-07 | 1964-02-11 | O'leary William Joseph | Process of making shaped fuel for nuclear reactors |
| US3245782A (en) * | 1962-04-06 | 1966-04-12 | Dresser Products Inc | Metal dispersions |
| GB1032297A (en) * | 1962-06-12 | 1966-06-08 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Improvements in or relating to refractory carbides |
| US3325363A (en) * | 1963-04-11 | 1967-06-13 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Carbon coated nuclear fuel and poison particles |
| US3372213A (en) * | 1963-12-16 | 1968-03-05 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Method of manufacturing oxide nuclear fuel containing a boride |
| US3234104A (en) * | 1963-12-30 | 1966-02-08 | Combustion Eng | Nuclear reactor control rod having particulate core |
| US3361857A (en) * | 1965-12-03 | 1968-01-02 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Method of preparing a fuel element of fissionable oxide and burnable poison |
| DE1564226C3 (de) * | 1966-02-26 | 1974-04-04 | Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Gmbh, 5170 Juelich | Kontroll- und Regelelement für Kernreaktoren |
| US3320176A (en) * | 1966-04-01 | 1967-05-16 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method of producing ceramic nuclear fuel material having incorporated therein burnable poison |
| US3540894A (en) * | 1967-03-29 | 1970-11-17 | Ibm | Eutectic lead bisilicate ceramic compositions and fired ceramic bodies |
| US3759786A (en) * | 1969-02-25 | 1973-09-18 | Fiat Spa | Sintered nuclear fuel containing molybdenum coated gadolinium oxide microspheres |
| US3796564A (en) * | 1969-06-19 | 1974-03-12 | Carborundum Co | Dense carbide composite bodies and method of making same |
| FR2133017A5 (en) * | 1971-04-06 | 1972-11-24 | Desmarquest & Cec | Nuclear reactor combustible poison - comprising ceramics formed from oxide and carbide |
| US3884839A (en) * | 1971-04-16 | 1975-05-20 | Dow Chemical Co | Neutron attenuating construction material |
| IT991819B (it) * | 1972-09-20 | 1975-08-30 | Hobeg Gmbh | Procedimento per la fabbricazione di corpi di combustibile di ele menti combustibili e di elementi assorbitori per reattori nucleari ad alta temperatura |
| GB1461263A (en) * | 1973-01-12 | 1977-01-13 | British Nuclear Fuels Ltd | Ceramic nuclear fuel pellets |
| GB1482750A (en) * | 1973-12-27 | 1977-08-10 | British Nuclear Fuels Ltd | Material for shutting down gas cooled nuclear reactors |
| US4304631A (en) * | 1979-07-02 | 1981-12-08 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Control component retainer |
| US4826630A (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1989-05-02 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Burnable neutron absorbers |
| US4474728A (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1984-10-02 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Neutron absorber pellets with modified microstructure |
-
1982
- 1982-02-26 US US06/352,731 patent/US4566989A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1983
- 1983-01-31 ZA ZA83621A patent/ZA83621B/xx unknown
- 1983-02-08 CA CA000421157A patent/CA1188502A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-23 FR FR8302970A patent/FR2522434B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1983-02-24 EP EP83300968A patent/EP0087926B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-24 DE DE8383300968T patent/DE3376909D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-02-25 ES ES520139A patent/ES520139A0/es active Granted
- 1983-02-25 BE BE0/210218A patent/BE896034A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-02-25 JP JP58029613A patent/JPS58161970A/ja active Granted
- 1983-02-26 KR KR1019830000792A patent/KR910009192B1/ko not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100812952B1 (ko) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-11 | 한국원자력연구원 | 지르코니아가 첨가된 중성자 흡수 소결체 및 이의 제조방법 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1188502A (en) | 1985-06-11 |
| EP0087926B1 (en) | 1988-06-01 |
| FR2522434B1 (fr) | 1989-01-20 |
| FR2522434A1 (fr) | 1983-09-02 |
| ZA83621B (en) | 1983-12-28 |
| KR840003902A (ko) | 1984-10-04 |
| ES8405548A1 (es) | 1984-06-01 |
| ES520139A0 (es) | 1984-06-01 |
| EP0087926A2 (en) | 1983-09-07 |
| BE896034A (fr) | 1983-08-25 |
| JPS58161970A (ja) | 1983-09-26 |
| DE3376909D1 (en) | 1988-07-07 |
| JPH0156399B2 (ko) | 1989-11-29 |
| EP0087926A3 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
| US4566989A (en) | 1986-01-28 |
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