KR102537203B1 - 분리막, 그 제조 방법 및 이와 관련된 이차 전지, 배터리 모듈, 배터리 팩 및 장치 - Google Patents
분리막, 그 제조 방법 및 이와 관련된 이차 전지, 배터리 모듈, 배터리 팩 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102537203B1 KR102537203B1 KR1020227029850A KR20227029850A KR102537203B1 KR 102537203 B1 KR102537203 B1 KR 102537203B1 KR 1020227029850 A KR1020227029850 A KR 1020227029850A KR 20227029850 A KR20227029850 A KR 20227029850A KR 102537203 B1 KR102537203 B1 KR 102537203B1
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Abstract
Description
도 1은 본원 발명의 분리막의 일 실시형태에 따른 구조 개략도이다.
도 2는 본원 발명의 분리막의 일 실시형태가 3000배 확대 배율에서의 이온 연마 단면 토포그래피(CP) 사진이다.
도 3은 본원 발명의 분리막의 일 실시형태가 3000배 확대 배율에서의 주사 전자 현미경(SEM) 사진이다.
도 4a는 본원 발명의 분리막의 일 실시형태에 따른 구조 개략도이다.
도 4b는 본원 발명의 분리막의 다른 실시형태에 따른 구조 개략도이다.
도 5는 이차 전지의 일 실시형태에 따른 개략도이다.
도 6은 도 5의 분해도이다.
도 7은 배터리 모듈의 일 실시형태에 따른 개략도이다.
도 8은 배터리 팩의 일 실시형태에 따른 개략도이다.
도 9는 도 8의 분해도이다.
도 10은 이차 전지가 전원으로 사용되는 장치의 일 실시형태에 따른 개략도이다.
Claims (23)
- 기재; 및
상기 기재의 적어도 하나의 표면에 마련되는 코팅층을 포함하되;
상기 코팅층은 무기 입자 및 유기 입자를 포함하고, 상기 유기 입자는 제1 유기 입자 및 제2 유기 입자를 포함하며;
상기 제1 유기 입자 및 상기 제2 유기 입자는 상기 무기 입자에 매립되어 상기 코팅층 표면에 돌기를 형성하고;
상기 제1 유기 입자의 수평균 입경은 > 10 μm이며, 상기 제2 유기 입자의 수평균 입경은 2 μm-10 μm인 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 유기 입자의 수평균 입경은 12 μm-25 μm인 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제2 유기 입자의 수평균 입경은 2 μm-8 μm인 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 유기 입자의 수평균 입경과 상기 제2 유기 입자의 수평균 입경의 비율은 ≥ 1.5인 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 유기 입자는 2차 입자인 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제2 유기 입자는 1차 입자인 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
단위 면적당 분리막의 일면 코팅층 중량은 ≤ 3.0 g/m2인 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 무기 입자의 체적 평균 입경(Dv50)은 ≤ 2.5 μm인 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 분리막은,
(1) 상기 코팅층에서의 상기 무기 입자의 질량 백분율은 ≤ 70%이고;
(2) 상기 코팅층에서의 상기 제1 유기 입자의 질량 백분율은 ≥ 12%이고;
(3) 상기 코팅층에서의 상기 제2 유기 입자의 질량 백분율은 ≤ 10%인 조건 중 적어도 하나를 충족시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 유기 입자는 불소 함유 알케닐 단량체 단위의 단독중합체 또는 공중합체, 올레핀계 단량체 단위의 단독중합체 또는 공중합체, 불포화 니트릴계 단량체 단위의 단독중합체 또는 공중합체, 알킬렌 옥사이드계 단량체 단위의 단독중합체 또는 공중합체 및 상기 각 단독중합체 또는 공중합체의 변성 화합물 중 한가지 또는 여러 가지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 유기 입자는 폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌, 폴리클로로트리플루오로에틸렌, 폴리비닐 플루오라이드, 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드, 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 폴리아크릴로니트릴, 폴리에틸렌 옥사이드, 상이한 불소 함유 알케닐 단량체 단위의 공중합체, 불소 함유 알케닐 단량체 단위와 올레핀계 단량체 단위의 공중합체, 불소 함유 알케닐 단량체 단위와 아크릴계 단량체 단위의 공중합체, 불소 함유 알케닐 단량체 단위와 아크릴레이트계 단량체 단위의 공중합체 및 상기 각 단독중합체 또는 공중합체의 변성 화합물 중 한가지 또는 여러 가지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 유기 입자는 비닐리덴 플루오라이드-트리플루오로에틸렌 공중합체, 비닐리덴 플루오라이드-헥사플루오로프로필렌 공중합체, 비닐리덴 플루오라이드-트리플루오로에틸렌-헥사플루오로프로필렌 공중합체, 비닐리덴 플루오라이드-헥사플루오로프로필렌-아크릴산 공중합체, 비닐리덴 플루오라이드-헥사플루오로프로필렌-아크릴레이트 공중합체 및 이들의 변성 화합물 중 한가지 또는 여러 가지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제2 유기 입자는 아크릴레이트계 단량체 단위의 단독중합체 또는 공중합체, 아크릴계 단량체 단위의 단독중합체 또는 공중합체, 스티렌계 단량체 단위의 단독중합체 또는 공중합체, 폴리우레탄계 화합물, 고무 화합물 및 상기 각 단독중합체 또는 공중합체의 변성 화합물 중 한가지 또는 여러 가지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제2 유기 입자는 아크릴레이트계 단량체 단위와 스티렌계 단량체 단위의 공중합체, 아크릴계 단량체 단위와 스티렌계 단량체 단위의 공중합체, 아크릴계 단량체 단위-아크릴레이트계 단량체 단위-스티렌계 단량체 단위의 공중합체, 스티렌계 단량체 단위와 불포화 니트릴계 단량체 단위의 공중합체, 스티렌계 단량체 단위-올레핀계 단량체-불포화 니트릴계 단량체 단위의 공중합체 및 이들의 변성 화합물 중 한가지 또는 여러 가지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제2 유기 입자는 부틸 아크릴레이트-스티렌 공중합체, 부틸 메타크릴레이트-이소옥틸 메타크릴레이트 공중합체, 이소옥틸 메타크릴레이트-스티렌 공중합체, 메타크릴레이트-메타크릴산-스티렌 공중합체, 메틸 아크릴레이트-이소옥틸 메타크릴레이트-스티렌 공중합체, 부틸 아크릴레이트-이소옥틸 아크릴레이트-스티렌 공중합체, 부틸 아크릴레이트-이소옥틸 메타크릴레이트-스티렌 공중합체, 부틸 메타크릴레이트-이소옥틸 아크릴레이트-스티렌 공중합체, 부틸 메타크릴레이트-이소옥틸 메타크릴레이트-스티렌 공중합체, 스티렌-아크릴로니트릴 공중합체, 스티렌-부타디엔-아크릴로니트릴 공중합체, 메틸 아크릴레이트-스티렌-아크릴로니트릴 공중합체, 이소옥틸 메타크릴레이트-스티렌-아크릴로니트릴 공중합체, 스티렌-비닐 아세테이트 공중합체, 스티렌-비닐 아세테이트-피롤리돈 공중합체 및 이들의 변성 화합물 중 한가지 또는 여러 가지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 무기 입자는 베마이트(γ-AlOOH), 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 황산바륨(BaSO4), 산화마그네슘(MgO), 수산화마그네슘(Mg(OH)2), 이산화규소(SiO2), 이산화주석(SnO2), 산화티탄(TiO2), 산화칼슘(CaO), 산화아연(ZnO), 산화지르코늄(ZrO2), 산화이트륨(Y2O3), 산화니켈(NiO), 산화세륨(CeO2), 티탄산지르코늄(SrTiO3), 티탄산바륨(BaTiO3), 불화마그네슘(MgF2) 중 한가지 또는 여러 가지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 분리막은,
(1) 상기 분리막의 통기성은 100 s/100 mL-300 s/100 mL이고;
(2) 상기 분리막의 횡방향 인장 강도(MD)는 1500 kgf/cm2-3000 kgf/cm2이고;
(3) 상기 분리막의 종방향 인장 강도(TD)는 1000 kgf/cm2-2500 kgf/cm2이고;
(4) 상기 분리막의 횡방향 파단 신율은 50%-200%이고;
(5) 상기 분리막의 종방향 파단 신율은 50%-200%인 조건 중 하나 또는 복수를 충족시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 무기 입자 및 상기 유기 입자는 상기 코팅층에서 불균일한 기공 구조를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항 내지 제2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
임의의 인접한 두 개의 무기 입자 사이의 간극은 L1로 표시되고, 임의의 인접한 하나의 무기 입자 및 하나의 유기 입자 사이의 간극은 L2로 표시되며, L1 < L2인 것을 특징으로 하는 분리막. - 제1항에 따른 분리막을 제조하는 방법에 있어서,
(1) 기재를 제공하는 단계;
(2) 성분 재료 및 용매를 포함하는 코팅 슬러리를 제공하는 단계;
(3) 단계(2)의 코팅 슬러리를 단계(1)의 기재의 적어도 일측에 코팅하고, 코팅층을 형성하며 건조시켜 상기 분리막을 얻는 단계를 포함하되;
상기 성분 재료는 무기 입자 및 유기 입자를 포함하고, 상기 유기 입자는 제1 유기 입자를 포함하며;
상기 분리막은 기재 및 상기 기재의 적어도 하나의 표면에 마련되는 코팅층을 포함하고; 상기 코팅층은 무기 입자, 제1 유기 입자 및 제2 유기 입자를 포함하며; 상기 제1 유기 입자 및 상기 제2 유기 입자는 상기 무기 입자에 매립되어 상기 코팅층 표면에 돌기를 형성하고; 상기 제1 유기 입자의 수평균 입경은 > 10 μm이며, 상기 제2 유기 입자의 수평균 입경은 2 μm-10 μm인 것을 특징으로 하는 제조 방법. - 제20항에 있어서,
상기 방법은,
(1) 상기 단계(2)에서, 상기 제1 유기 입자의 첨가 질량은 상기 성분 재료의 총 건조 중량의 12% 이상을 차지하고;
(2) 상기 단계(2)에서, 상기 제2 유기 입자의 첨가 질량은 상기 성분 재료의 총 건조 중량의 10% 이하를 차지하고;
(3) 상기 단계(2)에서, 상기 코팅 슬러리의 고형분 함량은 중량을 기준으로 28%-45%이고;
(4) 상기 단계(3)에서, 상기 코팅은 코팅기를 사용하고, 상기 코팅기는 그라비아 롤을 포함하며, 상기 그라비아 롤의 줄수는 100 LPI-300 LPI이고;
(5) 상기 단계(3)에서, 상기 코팅의 속도는 30 m/min-90 m/min이고;
(6) 상기 단계(3)에서, 상기 코팅의 라인 속도 비율은 0.8-2.5이고;
(7) 상기 단계(3)에서, 상기 건조 온도는 40℃-70℃이고;
(8) 상기 단계(3)에서, 상기 건조 시간은 10 s-120 s인 조건 중 하나 또는 복수를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조 방법. - 제1항에 따른 분리막 또는 제20항에 따른 제조 방법에 의해 얻은 분리막을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차 전지.
- 제22항에 따른 이차 전지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
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| CN115939673B (zh) * | 2022-11-30 | 2024-09-06 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 隔离膜及其制备方法、电池和用电设备 |
| EP4542753A1 (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2025-04-23 | Contemporary Amperex Technology (Hong Kong) Limited | Separator and preparation method therefor, secondary battery, and electrical apparatus |
| WO2024174093A1 (zh) * | 2023-02-21 | 2024-08-29 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 隔离膜、其制备方法及其相关的二次电池和用电装置 |
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| CN118825551A (zh) * | 2023-04-17 | 2024-10-22 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 隔离膜、电池单体、电池和用电装置 |
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