JPH11504564A - 濃厚な塩水溶液のナノ濾過 - Google Patents
濃厚な塩水溶液のナノ濾過Info
- Publication number
- JPH11504564A JPH11504564A JP8531371A JP53137196A JPH11504564A JP H11504564 A JPH11504564 A JP H11504564A JP 8531371 A JP8531371 A JP 8531371A JP 53137196 A JP53137196 A JP 53137196A JP H11504564 A JPH11504564 A JP H11504564A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- concentration
- solution
- feed
- compound
- membrane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- -1 silica ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 abstract description 44
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 30
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 17
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 12
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium chromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 11
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 101000995114 Doryteuthis pealeii 70 kDa neurofilament protein Proteins 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003843 chloralkali process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- UNJPQTDTZAKTFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(iii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Ce+3] UNJPQTDTZAKTFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010956 selective crystallization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FVHAWXWFPBPFOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-3-nitrobenzene Chemical class CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1C FVHAWXWFPBPFOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001553014 Myrsine salicina Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019568 aromas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYGFDEZBVCNBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium sulfuric acid sulfate Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[H+].[H+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O IYGFDEZBVCNBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001640 fractional crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000802 nitrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLZLOWPYUQHHCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethylbenzene Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VLZLOWPYUQHHCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/027—Nanofiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/14—Purification
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2317/00—Membrane module arrangements within a plant or an apparatus
- B01D2317/02—Elements in series
- B01D2317/022—Reject series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.水性溶液中の第2の化合物の濃度に対する相対的な第1の化合物の濃度を 選択的に変化させるために、膜に原料として送られる供給水性溶液をナノ濾過膜 モジュールに正の加圧力下で供給して、膜を透過しない通過溶液と膜を透過した 透過溶液とを得ることからなる水性溶液を濾取するためのナノ濾過方法であって 、該方法が、前記第1の化合物を第1の供給濃度で含有し且つ前記第2の化合物 を第2の供給濃度で含有する前記の供給水性溶液を前記ナノ濾過膜モジュールに 供給し、前記第1の化合物を第1の通過濃度で含有し且つ前記第2の化合物を第 2の通過濃度で含有する前記通過溶液を採取し、次いで前記第1の化合物を第1 の透過濃度で含有し且つ前記第2の化合物を第2の透過濃度で含有する前記透過 溶液を採取することからなるナノ濾過方法において、前記第1の化合物が50 g/l よりも大きい初期濃度を有するものであることを特徴とする水性溶液のナノ濾 過方法。 2.前記第1の化合物が塩化ナトリウムであり且つ前記第2の化合物が硫酸ナ トリウムである請求項1記載の方法。 3.前記供給溶液が成分としてさらに塩素酸ナトリウムを含有しているもので ある請求項2記載の方法。 4.前記塩化ナトリウムの前記第1の供給濃度が100 g/l よりも大きいもので ある請求項2記載の方法。 5.前記塩化ナトリウムの前記第1の供給濃度が150〜350 g/l の範囲の濃度 から選択されるものである請求項4記載の方法。 6.前記供給溶液が成分としてさらにシリカを含有しているものである請求項 1記載の方法。 7.前記供給溶液が成分としてさらに2価のクロム陰イオンを含有しているも のである請求項3記載の方法。 8.前記通過溶液又は前記透過溶液を前記のナノ濾過膜モジュールに再循環さ せる請求項1記載の方法。 9.前記通過溶液をカルシウム化合物を添加するか又は水を蒸発除去す ることによりさらに処理して硫酸イオンを硫酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム又は硫 酸ナトリウムとして沈澱させることからなる請求項1記載の方法。 10.前記供給溶液が使用済み脱塩素化ブラインである請求項1記載の方法。 11.前記供給溶液が塩素酸ナトリウム製造装置の溶液からなるものである請求 項3記載の方法。 12.さらにpHを調整して実質的に2価のシリカ陰イオンを得ることからなる請 求項6記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/422,935 | 1995-04-17 | ||
| US08/422,935 US5587083A (en) | 1995-04-17 | 1995-04-17 | Nanofiltration of concentrated aqueous salt solutions |
| US422,935 | 1995-04-17 | ||
| PCT/CA1996/000245 WO1996033005A1 (en) | 1995-04-17 | 1996-04-15 | Nanofiltration of concentrated aqueous salt solutions |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11504564A true JPH11504564A (ja) | 1999-04-27 |
| JP3256545B2 JP3256545B2 (ja) | 2002-02-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53137196A Expired - Lifetime JP3256545B2 (ja) | 1995-04-17 | 1996-04-15 | 濃厚な塩水溶液のナノ濾過 |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5587083A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0821615B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3256545B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100385465B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1111081C (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU691415B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9608054A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2163480C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69614516T3 (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ304801A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW343157B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1996033005A1 (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA962807B (ja) |
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| US5028336A (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1991-07-02 | Texaco Inc. | Separation of water-soluble organic electrolytes |
| US4981594A (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1991-01-01 | Wastewater Resources Inc. | Waste water purification system |
| US5158683A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1992-10-27 | Ethyl Corporation | Bromide separation and concentration using semipermeable membranes |
| US5346627A (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1994-09-13 | Nalco Chemical Company | Method for removing metals from a fluid stream |
| US5268104A (en) * | 1992-07-09 | 1993-12-07 | Stone & Webster Engineering, Corp. | Process for treating and regenerating spent caustic |
| US5254257A (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1993-10-19 | Culligan International Company | Reclaiming of spent brine |
| US5476591A (en) * | 1993-05-25 | 1995-12-19 | Harrison Western Environmental Services, Inc. | Liquid treatment system and method for operating the same |
| US5310486A (en) * | 1993-05-25 | 1994-05-10 | Harrison Western Environmental Services, Inc. | Multi-stage water treatment system and method for operating the same |
| US5547579A (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1996-08-20 | Eco-Tec Limited | Process and apparatus for purification of contaminated acids |
| US5587083A (en) * | 1995-04-17 | 1996-12-24 | Chemetics International Company Ltd. | Nanofiltration of concentrated aqueous salt solutions |
-
1995
- 1995-04-17 US US08/422,935 patent/US5587083A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-30 TW TW084110229A patent/TW343157B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-11-22 CA CA002163480A patent/CA2163480C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-04-09 ZA ZA962807A patent/ZA962807B/xx unknown
- 1996-04-15 EP EP96908984A patent/EP0821615B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-15 KR KR1019970707375A patent/KR100385465B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-15 NZ NZ304801A patent/NZ304801A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-04-15 WO PCT/CA1996/000245 patent/WO1996033005A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-04-15 DE DE69614516T patent/DE69614516T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-15 CN CN96193043A patent/CN1111081C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-15 AU AU52670/96A patent/AU691415B2/en not_active Expired
- 1996-04-15 JP JP53137196A patent/JP3256545B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-15 BR BR9608054-0A patent/BR9608054A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-25 US US08/719,567 patent/US5858240A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013146391A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | 東レ株式会社 | アルカリ金属分離回収方法およびアルカリ金属分離回収装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5858240A (en) | 1999-01-12 |
| TW343157B (en) | 1998-10-21 |
| EP0821615B2 (en) | 2006-04-26 |
| BR9608054A (pt) | 1999-11-30 |
| DE69614516D1 (de) | 2001-09-20 |
| KR19990007852A (ko) | 1999-01-25 |
| KR100385465B1 (ko) | 2003-08-19 |
| EP0821615B1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
| NZ304801A (en) | 1998-12-23 |
| ZA962807B (en) | 1996-10-11 |
| JP3256545B2 (ja) | 2002-02-12 |
| AU691415B2 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
| AU5267096A (en) | 1996-11-07 |
| CN1180322A (zh) | 1998-04-29 |
| DE69614516T2 (de) | 2002-05-08 |
| CN1111081C (zh) | 2003-06-11 |
| EP0821615A1 (en) | 1998-02-04 |
| CA2163480C (en) | 1999-11-16 |
| WO1996033005A1 (en) | 1996-10-24 |
| CA2163480A1 (en) | 1996-10-18 |
| DE69614516T3 (de) | 2006-11-30 |
| US5587083A (en) | 1996-12-24 |
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