JPH047018A - Desulfurization and dechlorination device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit an acidic exhaust gas contg. sulfur or chlorine to be emitted in a neutral state by passing the exhaust gases through neutral and adjusting filter mediums. CONSTITUTION:The subject device is provided with a gas inlet 10, a neutral layer 12 filled with neutral filter medium, an adjusting layer 14 filled with adjusting filter medium and a pH sensor 18 located between the adjusting layer 14 and a gas outlet 17 and a capable of detecting the pH value 6-7. The neutral filter medium is produced by shaping and baking powdered animal bones, a bonding assistant, an effective component of ashes of burnt garbage, alumina and an org. powder, containing at least 40wt.% powdered animal bones and having a highly alkaline, granular form. The adjusting filter medium is produced by shaping and baking powdered animal bones, a bonding assistant, an effective component of ashes of burnt garbage, alumina and an org. powder, containing a smaller amt. of the powdered animal bones than the neutral filter medium and having a low alkaline, granular form. As a result, an acidic exhaust gas contg. sulfur or chlorine can be emitted in a neutral state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a desulfurization and desalination equipment that utilizes garbage incineration ash.

(Conventional technology) A new culture has been created by modern industries and industries developed by humans, but on the other hand, this has had a great impact on the natural environment, causing the destruction and pollution of nature due to its purifying function. or is occurring.

In order to ensure that humankind always lives a healthy and cultured life, it is necessary to eliminate the negative effects of industrial development and create a new environment suitable for the development of life.

The issue of how to dispose of incinerated ash from food waste, which is the most familiar daily pollution, is a concern in many countries. Various related organizations in various countries are conducting various studies on this issue of garbage incineration ash disposal, but at present no fundamental solution has been found.

In addition, with the progress of the chemical industry and the increase in the number of automobiles, the problem of exhaust gas containing sulfur, chlorine, or lead, which causes acid rain, has become a problem in many countries, similar to the above, and this is also an epoch-making project. No solution has been found.

Conventional exhaust gas treatment methods, such as flue gas desulfurization, include a dry method and a wet method. In the dry method, the gas is adsorbed or reacted with activated carbon, activated manganese, etc., and then recovered as sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate, etc. Wet methods include washing sulfur dioxide with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, adding calcium carbonate to the absorption liquid and recovering it as Ceracola, and recovering it as ammonium sulfate after absorbing it in an ammonium hydroxide solution. .

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, these methods have drawbacks such as the treated exhaust gas being acidic and the need for special large-scale equipment.

The present invention not only provides an effective method for solving the problem of garbage incineration ash disposal, but also overcomes the drawbacks of conventional methods for treating acidic waste gases containing sulfur and chlorine, and releases the waste gases in a neutral state. The purpose of the present invention is to provide desulfurization and desalination equipment.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The desulfurization and desalination equipment of the present invention includes a gas inlet, a neutralization layer filled with a neutralization filter material, an adjustment layer filled with a conditioning filter material, and P provided between the gas outlet, the adjustment layer and the gas outlet.
Animal bone meal, which has a PH sensor capable of detecting H6 to H7, and whose neutralizing filter material is made by molding and firing animal bone meal, binding aid, active ingredients of garbage incineration ash, alumina, and organic powder. is a granular filter material with a high alkalinity of 40% by weight or more, and the adjusted filter material is made by molding and firing animal bone meal, binder additives, active ingredients of garbage incineration ash, alumina, and organic powder. It is characterized by being a granular filter material with a lower alkalinity and a lower content of animal bone meal than wood.

The gas to be treated in the present invention is acidic gas mainly containing sulfur or chlorine. For example, it is exhaust gas from burning coal, heavy oil, light oil, propane, gasoline, etc.

The above-mentioned garbage is garbage discharged from daily life, and the garbage incineration ash usually contains organic matter, ignition loss components, humic acid, residual silicon dioxide), metals, toxic heavy metals, etc.

As the garbage incineration ash used in the neutralized filter medium and the adjusted filter medium of the present invention, garbage incineration ash that substantially does not contain harmful heavy metals is preferable. The active ingredient of garbage incineration ash refers to garbage incineration ash that is substantially free of these harmful heavy metals.

This garbage incineration powder, which does not substantially contain harmful heavy metals,
Food waste incineration powder from which toxic heavy metals have been removed, or incineration return powder obtained by incinerating food waste while removing heavy metals, such as mercury, cadmium, and lead in the presence of a heavy metal adsorbent. This is incineration return powder obtained by incineration while adsorbing chromium, etc.

In the present invention, the garbage incineration ash that is substantially free of harmful heavy metals usually has 0.00% alkylmercury per 1 kg of garbage incineration ash.
05 mg or less, cadmium 1 mg or less, lead 10 mg or less, and hexavalent chromium 5 mg or less, preferably incineration return powder in which these heavy metals are not detected. This incineration return powder is alkaline.

In addition, the animal bone meal uses bones that have conventionally been mostly discarded at livestock farms, especially bones of animals such as cows, horses, sheep, etc., which are mainly hard bones.

The raw bones of these animals are cut into sizes that are easy to burn, and then put into a pressure cooker and boiled at about 200 to 400°C for about 90 minutes. Next, the bones are placed in a kiln,
It is fired at about 900 to 1100°C for about 60 to 180 minutes, and then allowed to naturally cool in the furnace for about 60 minutes to return to room temperature or a state close to this temperature.

If organic substances other than the blue component, such as gelatin, fat, protein, and glue, remain in the bones, they will cause oxidative decay, so it is important to ensure that they are removed. By the above boiling process, organic matter adhering not only to the outside but also to the inside of the pores can be strongly separated and removed from the bone.

By then passing through the above baking process, remaining organic matter can be completely removed, and at the same time the humidity in the bone can be reduced.
The water content can be reduced to several percent or less, preferably to almost 0%. Further, according to the above firing conditions, the bone becomes skeletal and maintains its original structure having countless pores.

After the above-mentioned baking and cooling, the bone is crushed and powdered into powder powder to produce approximately 20 to 200 meshes, particularly preferably 50 to 1 mesh.
00 mesh powdered bone meal.

In the case of bovine bones, the above-mentioned bone powder can be obtained at a yield of 40% by weight compared to raw raw bones. The particles contain calcium (approximately 33
The main components are phosphorus (approximately 167%), barium (approximately 1.03%), sodium (approximately 0.076%), sulfur (approximately 0.64%), and magnesium, potassium, chlorine, amine, It is made of iron, etc., and has countless microscopic pores that communicate with each other both inside and outside the particle.This bone powder is alkaline due to calcium, etc.

Suitable binding aids include clay materials, such as hentonite, acid clay, activated clay, kaolin clay, sericite, pyrophyllite, fireclay, montmorillonite, chloride, and the like.

Alumina also acts as a binder, and its addition increases the strength of the filter medium, but if it is added too much, the pores in the filter medium tend to decrease.

By mixing the powder with other ingredients, forming it, and firing it, it creates micropores in the molded body during firing, and it is fine as long as it can perform this function, but the filter material is not cheap. It is preferable to use inexpensive materials such as wood flour, rice bran, wheat dregs, rice husks, waste wood powder, starch dregs, and shochu dregs.

The amounts of each component of the neutralized filter medium and the adjusted filter medium used in the present invention may be within a range that achieves the object of the present invention.

In other words, the ratio of neutralized filter media is usually 6 parts by weight of animal bone meal to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of garbage incineration powder and binder.
0 to 190 parts by weight, preferably 95 to 125 parts by weight: 9 to 27 parts by weight, preferably 14 to 23 parts by weight of alumina:
4 to 12 parts by weight, preferably 6 to 10 parts by weight of powder containing
Parts by weight.

In addition, the ratio of the adjusted filter material is usually 10 to 10 parts by weight of animal bone powder to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of garbage incineration powder and binder.
30 parts by weight, preferably 16-26 parts by weight: alumina 8
~26 parts by weight, preferably 13 to 21 parts by weight, and 2 to 6 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 5 parts by weight.

Garbage incineration compacted powder increases the strength of the filter medium and increases the flue gas treatment capacity. In addition, animal bone powder has adsorption properties and has the property of reacting with acidic gas in flue gas, and has the effect of increasing the amount of pores in the filter medium.

When producing the above-mentioned neutralized filter medium and adjusted filter medium, each of the above-mentioned components is weighed and stirred to obtain the desired composition,
After adding water and mixing, granulate.

The obtained grains are dried, fired, and cooled to form a product.

Normally, the drying temperature is around 200℃, and the firing temperature is 800~1
000°CM11 later.

Both of these neutralizing filter media and adjustment filter media are granular, and their sizes are usually 3 to 8 φ and 10 to 15 φ, respectively.
It is.

One aspect of the blending ratio of each component of each filter medium is that the neutralized filter medium preferably contains 50 parts of animal bone meal (parts by weight, the same applies hereinafter), and the total amount of binder and garbage incineration ash is 40 parts. , 7 parts of alumina, 3 parts of organic powder to make the neutralized filter material porous, and the neutralized filter material contains a large amount of animal bone powder and has a high alkalinity.

In addition, the adjusted filter material is preferably [15 parts of animal bone meal, a total of 70 parts of binder material and garbage incineration ash, and 12 parts of alumina or
1 part, and the FR-containing powder is 3 parts.

Such neutralizing filter media and adjustment filter media are placed in the flue gas flow path and used in contact with the flue gas.

(Functions and Effects) The present invention takes advantage of the property that animal bone meal is high in alkaline earth metals.
The gas is inhaled from the gas inlet, neutralized by passing through the neutralization layer, and further adjusted to a neutral pH of 6 to 7 by passing through the adjustment layer, and then discharged from the gas outlet.

Further, a PH sensor is provided between the adjustment layer and the gas outlet, and if the PH of the discharged waste exceeds neutrality, the above-mentioned neutralization filter material and adjustment M'a filter material are replaced.

The neutralization filter material and the adjustment filter material used in the desulfurization and desalination equipment of the present invention utilize garbage incineration ash, and can be an effective means for solving the problem of garbage incineration ash treatment.

According to the present invention, acidic flue gas containing sulfur or chlorine can be desulfurized or desalted and released as neutral flue gas, thereby making it possible to eliminate flue gas pollution.

For example, sulfur oxides emitted from chimneys of factories, garbage incinerators, etc. can be reacted with the neutralized filter material and adjusted filter material of the present invention to produce sulfuric acid, or nitrogen oxides emitted from cars can be reacted to produce nitric acid. It can react with harmful substances and remove them by adsorption. In addition, flue gas is acidic (PH3-4),
If the neutralized filter material and adjusted filter material of the present invention are used, the flue gas after treatment will be neutral (PH6 to 7).

Since the neutralized filter material and the adjusted filter material used in the present invention are extremely porous, they have the advantage of high processing speed.

Further, by using the neutralized filter material and the adjusted filter material, these treatments can be easily performed without requiring any special equipment.

(Example) The neutralized filter material was composed of 50 parts of animal bone powder, a total of 40 parts of binder and garbage incineration ash, 7 parts of alumina, and 3 parts of organic powder, so that the composition was as follows. Measure, stir, water? After addition and mixing, granulation is performed to a size of 3 to 8 φ. The obtained grains are dried at around 200°C, fired at around 800 to 1000°C, and cooled to produce it.

On the other hand, the adjusted filter material was prepared by weighing 15 parts of animal bone meal, 70 parts of binder additives and garbage incineration ash, 12 parts of alumina, and 3 parts of organic powder so that the composition was in the above proportions, and stirring. After adding water and mixing, the mixture is granulated to a size of 10 to 15 φ. The obtained grains are dried at around 200℃, and
It is manufactured by firing at around 0''C and cooling.

The neutralized filtration medium and the adjusted filtration medium thus manufactured are each filled into containers shown in FIG. 2.

The container shown in FIG.
A bottom plate 4 in which two holes 2a and 3a are formed is welded together, and two small cylinders 2.3 are placed inside this cylinder. The small cylinders 2 and 3 have open bottom surfaces 2a and 3a,
The upper surfaces 2b and 3b are sealed, and a large number of small holes are formed in the side surfaces thereof.

The neutralized filter material or the conditioned filter material is filled inside the container and around the small cylinder 2.3.

By suctioning the container from above with a blower or the like, the exhaust gas supplied from the lower part of g3 is guided into the small cylinder 2.3, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in the figure, and further into the small cylinder 2.3. It is guided into the container through a small hole provided on the side, and is sucked upward after coming into contact with the neutralizing filter material or adjusting filter material filled in the container.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of a desulfurization and desalination equipment as an example.

In the figure, a waste inlet 10 is an opening that takes in exhaust gas.

The main body 11 formed in a cylindrical shape has a closed structure, and an S' container 12 filled with a neutralizing filter material is disposed at the lower part of the inside thereof.
is arranged, and a container 14 filled with a conditioning filter material is arranged above the interior with a predetermined space 13 in between. These containers 12, 14 can be inserted and removed through doors (not shown) provided on the sides of the main bodies 1, 1, so that the adjustment filter material or the neutralization filter material can be replaced.

The upper part of the main body 11 is a flue for guiding exhaust gas, and a blower 15 is provided in the middle of this flue. Furthermore, a chimney 16 is attached to the front of the blower 15, and the tip thereof serves as a gas outlet 17. Also,
A PH sensor 18 is provided inside the chimney near the gas outlet' to detect the concentration of the desulfurized and desalinated exhaust gas.

In desulfurization desalination equipment with such a configuration, the blower 1
5 is driven, the exhaust gas supplied from the gas inlet 10 is guided as shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure. First, the exhaust gas is guided into a small cylinder of the container 12 filled with neutralizing filter material, and flows out into the surrounding area through a number of small holes provided on the side of the container, and contains a large amount of animal bone powder, resulting in high alkalinity. It is neutralized when it comes into contact with a neutralizing filter medium. The exhaust gas neutralized in this container 12 is guided through a space 13 into a small cylinder of a container 14 filled with an adjustment filter material and arranged such that the small cylinder position is perpendicular to the container 12, for example. It flows out into the surrounding area from the many small holes provided on the side, and comes into contact with the adjusting filter material containing an appropriate amount of animal bone powder, and the pH reaches 6~6.
Adjusted to 7.

The exhaust gas whose pH has been adjusted in this manner passes through the flue, passes through the blower 15, and is discharged from the gas outlet of the chimney 16. At this time, the 4 degree of gas discharged is PH sensor 1
8, and this concentration is monitored at a neutral value (e.g. pH 7).
> is exceeded, an alarm is set off on a monitoring board located elsewhere. This causes the operator to replace the neutralizing filter media or conditioning filter media.

In this way, exhaust gas pollution can be prevented by adjusting the exhaust residue to neutrality and discharging it by passing it through the neutralizing filter medium and the adjusting filter medium.

In addition, although the case where two small cylinders were provided in the above-mentioned container was explained, the number of small cylinders is not limited to this,
There may be any number.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of the desulfurization and desalination equipment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a container that accommodates the neutralization filter material or the adjustment filter material. 10...Gas inlet, 12...Container filled with neutralization filter material (neutralization layer), 14.Container filled with adjustment filter material (adjustment layer), 17...-Gas outlet, 18.PH sensor .

Claims (1)

[Claims] A gas inlet, a neutralization layer filled with a neutralization filtration material, an adjustment layer filled with an adjustment filtration material, and a PH sensor capable of detecting pH 6 to 7 provided between the adjustment layer and the gas outlet. The neutralizing filter material is formed by molding and firing animal bone powder, binding aid, active ingredients of garbage incineration ash, alumina, and organic powder.The animal bone powder is granular with a high alkalinity of 40% by weight or more. This filter material is made by molding and firing animal bone meal, binding agent, active ingredients of garbage incineration ash, alumina, and organic powder, and has a lower content of animal bone meal than neutralized filter material, making it more alkaline. Desulfurization and desalination equipment characterized by a granular filter material with a low degree of filtration.