JP7678451B2 - ドーパントおよび導電性組成物ならびにその製造方法 - Google Patents
ドーパントおよび導電性組成物ならびにその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本開示の新規なドーパント(P型ドーパント)は、前記式(1)で表されるアニオンと対カチオン(カウンターカチオン)とを含むイオン化合物(塩、イオン対、イオン性物質または異極化合物ともいう)であり、金属錯体または金属化合物であってもよい。特に、ドーパントは、前記式(1)で表されるアニオンと、対カチオンとで構成されるのが好ましい。式(1)で表される1価のアニオンでは、2つの電子吸引性基R1およびR2が窒素アニオンにおける負電荷を吸引して非局在化させた化学構造を有するため、アニオン単独であっても比較的安定性が高い。
対カチオンは、2価以上(多価)のカチオンであってもよいが、通常、1価のカチオンであることが多い。また、前記式(1)で表されるアニオンがやわらかい塩基であることに対応して、対カチオンはやわらかい酸であるのが好ましい。さらに、対カチオンは、非ラジカルカチオンであってもよいが、ラジカルカチオンであるのが好ましい。ラジカルカチオンであると、ドーピングした際に導電性有機化合物から高い酸化力で電子を受け取り易く(ホールを注入しやすく)、ドーピング効率を有効に向上できるとともに、電子を受け取って中性状態となった後は安定に組成物中に存在できる場合が多い。このような対カチオンとしては、例えば、下記式(2)で表されるラジカルカチオンなどが挙げられる。
本開示のドーパント(またはイオン化合物)の製造方法は特に制限されず、例えば、式(1)[特に式(1a)]で表されるアニオンおよび1価の金属イオンを含むイオン化合物と、所定の対カチオンに対応する中性化合物、具体的には、式(2)[特に式(2a)]で表されるラジカルカチオンに対応する中性化合物(または対応するアミン化合物)とを酸化剤の存在下で反応させる方法などで製造してもよい。
本開示の導電性組成物は、本開示の前記ドーパントと、導電性有機化合物(または有機半導体化合物)とを含む。導電性組成物は、ドーパントは、本開示の前記ドーパント(第1のドーパント)とは異なる他のドーパント(第2のドーパント)を含んでいてもよいが、通常、第2のドーパント(F4TCNQなどの従来のドーパントなど)を実質的に含まないのが好ましい。なお、第1のドーパントは、単独でまたは2種以上組み合わせて使用してもよく、通常、単独で用いることが多い。
導電性有機化合物は導電性低分子化合物であってもよく、導電性高分子化合物であってもよい。なお、本明細書および請求の範囲において、「導電性有機化合物」(「導電性低分子化合物」および「導電性高分子化合物」)は、本開示のドーパントがドーピングされた状態において、半導体や導体(または良導体)としての特性を示す化合物[または伝導度(電気伝導度または導電率)が、例えば10-10S/cm以上の物質]を意味し、ドーパントを含まない化合物単独の状態(ドーピング前または未ドープの状態)では絶縁体としての特性を示す化合物[例えば、伝導度が10-10S/cm未満の物質]も含む意味に用いる。
本開示のドーパントおよび前記導電性有機化合物を含む導電性組成物の製造方法は、前記ドーパントを前記導電性有機化合物にドーピングするドーピング工程を少なくとも含んでいる。ドーピング工程に供する導電性有機化合物は、必ずしも所定形状に成形されていなくてもよく、ドーピング工程後またはドーピング工程において所定形状に成形してもよいが、通常、ドーピング工程前に予め所定の形状(例えば、膜状またはフィルム状など)に成形されることが多い。
本開示の導電性組成物は高い伝導度を示し、例えば10~10000S/cm(例えば100~5000S/cm)、好ましくは300~3000S/cm(例えば500~2500S/cm)、さらに好ましくは1000~2000S/cm(例えば1200~1800S/cm)程度であってもよい。なお、本明細書および請求の範囲において、伝導度は後述する実施例に記載の方法により測定できる。
(実施例1)
(実施例2)
実施例1で得られたイオン化合物(TPA-TFSI)を、下記式(3a-1)で表される繰り返し単位を有する高分子化合物(Aldrich社製「PBTTT-C14」、Mn=25 300、PDI=1.8)に液相ドーピングした測定試料(導電性組成物)を以下に記載の方法で調製した。
実施例1で得られたイオン化合物に代えて、2,3,5,6-テトラフルオロ-7,7,8,8-テトラシアノキノジメタン(F4-TCNQ)を用いる以外は実施例2と同様にして紫外可視近赤外(UV-Vis-NIR)吸収スペクトルを測定した。測定結果を図1に示す。
(実施例3)
実施例2と同様にして調製した測定試料(導電性組成物)を、X線回折装置(Rigaku製「SmartLab」)を用いて、X線源としてCuKαを使用して、X線ロッキングカーブを測定した。測定結果を図2に示す。なお、図2には参考のために、ドーパントをドープしていないPBTTT-C14のみを試料とした場合の測定結果も示す。
実施例1で得られたイオン化合物に代えて、2,3,5,6-テトラフルオロ-7,7,8,8-テトラシアノキノジメタン(F4TCNQ)を用いる以外は実施例3と同様にしてX線ロッキングカーブを測定した。測定結果を図2に示す。
(実施例4)
ガラス基板に代えて、4端子測定用の金電極がついたガラス基板を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にして、PBTTT-C14の製膜および実施例1のイオン化合物を含むドーパント溶液に液相ドーピングを施し、測定試料を調製した。
実施例1で得られたイオン化合物に代えて、2,3,5,6-テトラフルオロ-7,7,8,8-テトラシアノキノジメタン(F4-TCNQ)を用いる以外は実施例4と同様にして伝導度を測定したところ、250S/cmであった。
Claims (6)
- 下記式(1)
(式中、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して電子吸引性基を示し、R1とR2とは互いに結合してヘテロ環を形成してもよい。)
で表されるアニオンと対カチオンとを含むドーパントと、導電性有機化合物とを含む導電性組成物であって、
前記対カチオンが、下記式(2)
(式中、R 3 ~R 5 はそれぞれ独立して水素原子、置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素基または置換基を有していてもよい複素環基を示す。)
で表されるラジカルカチオンであり、
前記導電性有機化合物が、下記式(3A)
(式中、X1aおよびX1bは酸素原子または硫黄原子を示し、R6aおよびR6bは置換基を示し、n1およびn2は0~2の整数を示し、X2aおよびX2bは酸素原子または硫黄原子を示し、R7aおよびR7bは水素原子または置換基を示す。)
で表される構成単位を含む導電性高分子化合物である導電性組成物。 - 式(1)において、R1およびR2がニトロ基、シアノ基、アシル基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、ハロアルキル基、スルホ基、アルキルスルホニル基、ハロスルホニル基およびハロアルキルスルホニル基から選択される少なくとも1種の基であるか、またはR1とR2とが互いに結合して形成された基[-SO2-L-SO2-](式中、Lはハロアルキレン基を示す。)である請求項1記載の導電性組成物。
- 式(1)において、R1およびR2がフルオロスルホニル基もしくはフルオロアルキルスルホニル基であるか、またはR1とR2とが互いに結合して形成された基[-SO2-L-SO2-](式中、Lはフルオロアルキレン基を示す。)である請求項1または2記載の導電性組成物。
- 式(2)において、R3~R5が置換基を有していてもよいアリール基であり、前記置換基が、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、ヒドロキシル基、アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、アミノ基および置換アミノ基から選択される基である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の導電性組成物。
- 前記ドーパントを前記導電性有機化合物にドーピングし、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の導電性組成物を製造する方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の導電性組成物を含む電子デバイス。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2019153176 | 2019-08-23 | ||
| JP2019153176 | 2019-08-23 | ||
| PCT/JP2020/030963 WO2021039463A1 (ja) | 2019-08-23 | 2020-08-17 | ドーパントおよび導電性組成物ならびにその製造方法 |
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| JPWO2021039463A1 JPWO2021039463A1 (ja) | 2021-03-04 |
| JP7678451B2 true JP7678451B2 (ja) | 2025-05-16 |
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| JP7550399B2 (ja) * | 2020-04-17 | 2024-09-13 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | ドーパント及び導体材料 |
| US12073957B2 (en) | 2020-05-01 | 2024-08-27 | The University Of Tokyo | Conductor material |
| WO2023080040A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-05-11 | 国立大学法人東京大学 | 電気又は電子デバイス、電気又は電子デバイスの製造方法、及び前記電気又は電子デバイスを備える機器 |
| CN118724910B (zh) * | 2024-01-29 | 2025-10-31 | 兰州大学 | 有机化合物或其盐、有机空穴传输组合物及其应用 |
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| CN114341104B (zh) | 2024-03-15 |
| TW202116729A (zh) | 2021-05-01 |
| KR20220051212A (ko) | 2022-04-26 |
| WO2021039463A1 (ja) | 2021-03-04 |
| EP4019492A4 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
| CN114341104A (zh) | 2022-04-12 |
| TWI851795B (zh) | 2024-08-11 |
| EP4019492A1 (en) | 2022-06-29 |
| JPWO2021039463A1 (ja) | 2021-03-04 |
| US20220336119A1 (en) | 2022-10-20 |
| US12046390B2 (en) | 2024-07-23 |
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