JP7528125B2 - 低電力時間デジタルコンバータアーキテクチャを備えた光検出器システム - Google Patents
低電力時間デジタルコンバータアーキテクチャを備えた光検出器システム Download PDFInfo
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- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
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- H10F30/00—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors
- H10F30/20—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H10F30/21—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H10F30/22—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation the devices having only one potential barrier, e.g. photodiodes
- H10F30/225—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation the devices having only one potential barrier, e.g. photodiodes the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiodes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; Arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
- A61B5/004—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; Arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part
- A61B5/0042—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; Arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part for the brain
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- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/40—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system
- A61B5/4058—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system for evaluating the central nervous system
- A61B5/4064—Evaluating the brain
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/95—Circuit arrangements
- H10F77/953—Circuit arrangements for devices having potential barriers
- H10F77/959—Circuit arrangements for devices having potential barriers for devices working in avalanche mode
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/02042—Determining blood loss or bleeding, e.g. during a surgical procedure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
- A61B5/0261—Measuring blood flow using optical means, e.g. infrared light
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
- A61B5/6803—Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6814—Head
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Description
式中、Tc-aは、イベント308での光子の到達時刻であり、Tcは、第1の所定のイベント検出時間窓(例えば、イベント検出時間窓304-1)の時間である。所定のイベント検出時間窓および較正窓を制御回路216により生成することができるが、そのような窓の長さは、既知の量でもよく、b=cとなるように同一の長さに設定されてもよい。
Claims (15)
- 光検出器と、
前記光検出器に接続された時間デジタルコンバータ(TDC)であって、
標的への光パルスの印加に応じて開始される所定のイベント検出時間窓中、前記光パルスが前記標的から反射された後に当該光パルスの光子を前記光検出器により検出するイベントによりトリガされた信号であって、前記TDCのゲーテッドリングオシレータ(GRO)であって、前記GROがディセーブルされたときに当該GROの状態を記憶するように構成された1組または複数組の交差接続されたインバータを備えるGROをイネーブルするように構成された信号を受信し、
前記GROを使用して、前記イベントの発生時と前記所定のイベント検出時間窓の終了時との間の時間間隔であって、記憶された前記GROの状態をデコードすることにより測定される時間間隔を測定するように構成されたTDCと、
前記TDCに接続された制御回路であって、前記時間間隔および前記所定のイベント検出時間窓に基づいて、前記光検出器への前記光子の到達時刻を判定するように構成された制御回路と
を備え、
前記TDCは、外部基準クロックを供給する位相ロックループ(PLL)から電圧を受け取るように構成されており、
前記GROをイネーブルすることまたは前記時間間隔を測定することの少なくとも一方は、受け取られた電圧に更に基づいて行われる、システム。 - 前記信号は、
前記信号が前記TDCにより受信されている間、前記TDCの前記GROをイネーブルし、
前記信号が停止すると、前記TDCの前記GROをディセーブルするように更に構成されている、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記TDCは、前記TDCの前記GROをディセーブルするように構成された第2の信号を、前記所定のイベント検出時間窓の後で、受信するように更に構成されている、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記第2の信号は、前記所定のイベント検出時間窓が完了すると受信される、請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 前記TDCは、前記時間間隔の後で、追加的な時間間隔を測定するように更に構成されており、
前記制御回路は、測定された追加的な時間間隔に基づいて前記TDCを較正するように更に構成されており、
前記光子の前記到達時刻は、前記TDCを較正することに更に基づいて判定される、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記追加的な時間間隔の長さは、前記所定のイベント検出時間窓の長さと同一または実質的に同様である、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記TDCを較正するための演算を実行するように構成された較正回路を更に備える、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記TDCを較正するための演算を可能にするように構成されたルックアップテーブルを更に備える、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記TDCは、前記TDCの前記GROをディセーブルするように構成された第2の信号を、前記追加的な時間間隔の後で、受信するように更に構成されている、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記TDCは、前記所定のイベント検出時間窓の開始時刻を指定するイベント窓信号を受信するように更に構成されており、
前記光子の前記到達時刻は、前記所定のイベント検出時間窓の前記開始時刻に更に基づいて判定される、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記光検出器は、
単一光子アバランシェダイオード(SPAD)と、
前記SPADを作動および解除するように構成された高速ゲート回路と
を備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 光検出器に接続された時間デジタルコンバータ(TDC)により、標的への光パルスの印加に応じて開始される所定のイベント検出時間窓中、前記光パルスが前記標的から反射された後に当該光パルスの光子を前記光検出器により検出するイベントによりトリガされた信号であって、前記TDCのゲーテッドリングオシレータ(GRO)であって、前記GROがディセーブルされたときに当該GROの状態を記憶するように構成された1組または複数組の交差接続されたインバータを備えるGROをイネーブルするように構成された信号を受信することと、
前記TDCにより、および前記GROを使用して、前記イベントの発生時と前記所定のイベント検出時間窓の終了時との間の時間間隔を測定することであって、記憶された前記GROの状態をデコードすることを含む、前記時間間隔を測定することと、
前記TDCにより、外部基準クロックを供給する位相ロックループ(PLL)から電圧を受け取ることと、
前記TDCに接続された制御回路により、前記時間間隔および前記所定のイベント検出時間窓に基づいて、前記光検出器への前記光子の到達時刻を判定することとを含み、
前記GROをイネーブルすることまたは前記時間間隔を測定することの少なくとも一方は、受け取られた電圧に更に基づいて行われる、方法。 - 前記信号は、
前記信号が前記TDCにより受信されている間、前記TDCの前記GROをイネーブルし、
前記信号が停止すると、前記TDCの前記GROをディセーブルするように更に構成されている、請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記TDCにより、前記TDCの前記GROをディセーブルするように構成された第2の信号を、前記所定のイベント検出時間窓の後で、受信することを更に備える、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の信号は、前記所定のイベント検出時間窓が完了すると受信される、請求項14に記載の方法。
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| US62/906,620 | 2019-09-26 | ||
| PCT/US2020/034062 WO2020247185A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2020-05-21 | Photodetector systems with low-power time-to-digital converter architectures |
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| WO2021178298A1 (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-10 | Hi Llc | Systems and methods for training and using a neurome that emulates the brain of a user |
| US20210294884A1 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2021-09-23 | Hi Llc | Authentication systems and methods using a brain computer interface |
| US20220277852A1 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2022-09-01 | Hi Llc | Optimizing autonomous self using non-invasive measurement systems and methods |
| CN114237019B (zh) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-03-14 | 东南大学 | 应用于阵列系统的事件驱动型时间数字转换器及转换方法 |
| US20240036173A1 (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2024-02-01 | Stmicroelectronics (Research & Development) Limited | Systems and methods for power-efficient time to digital converters |
| TWI836678B (zh) * | 2022-10-22 | 2024-03-21 | 國立陽明交通大學 | 具深度資訊之影像感測晶片 |
| WO2025062659A1 (ja) * | 2023-09-19 | 2025-03-27 | ノラシステムス合同会社 | 測定装置、プログラムおよびモデル生成装置 |
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