JP6892095B1 - Flat glass crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and surely crush solar panel glass, automobile glass and the like without complicating the structure. SOLUTION: A crusher main body 10 having a pair of upper and lower plate glass crushing rolls 2 composed of an upper roll 2A and a lower roll 2B facing each other in the left-right direction is provided in a central portion, and rollers are provided on the front side and the rear side thereof, respectively. Conveyors 11A and 11B are installed, and the rolls 2A and 2B have square ridges 3A and 3B in cross section and these ridges 3A at predetermined intervals (pitch) in a direction orthogonal to their axial directions. The concave grooves 4A and 4B having a predetermined depth formed between the 3Bs are provided around each other, and the ridges 3A and 3B and the concave grooves 4A and 4B in the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B are staggered. It is arranged in. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a flat glass crusher for crushing mainly flat glass such as solar panel glass, automobile glass, and window glass for buildings.

Conventionally, in the treatment of waste materials such as plastics, wood pieces, paper, and metals, as a biaxial roll for crushing these waste materials, a crushing casing having an upper portion as an input port for an object to be processed and a crushing casing in the crushing casing in the horizontal direction A pair of left and right crushing rolls arranged in parallel with each other, a rotation driving means (reversible motor) for rotating these crushing rolls in the forward and reverse directions, and a pair of fixed cutting tools fixed to the inner surface side of the crushing casing facing both crushing rolls. Those with and are known. A plurality of rotating side blades facing the forward and reverse rotation directions of the crushing rolls are provided on the peripheral surface of each of the crushing rolls, and each of the fixed cutting tools has a reverse rotation direction of the opposing crushing rolls. A plurality of fixed side blades corresponding to the rotating side blades facing the side are provided, and the forward rotation drive in which the upper side of the mutual contact portion of both crushing rolls is the biting side is applied between the rotating side blades. While the processed object is roughly crushed by a slit cutter type, the object to be processed is finely crushed between the rotating side blade of each crushing roll and the fixed side blade of each fixed cutting tool by the reverse rotation drive of both crushing rolls. It was configured to crush.

JP-A-2007-307520

The above-mentioned biaxial crusher is crushed by a pair of left and right crushing rolls and does not have a structure that utilizes gravity, and the pair of left and right crushing rolls have a rotating side blade at intervals. Since the structure is provided, the degree of crushing of the crushed material by these rotating side blades is weak, and for more advanced crushing of the crushed material, a pair of left and right fixed parts are fixed on the inner surface of the casing as described above. It was necessary to provide a cutting tool. Further, as described above, each fixed cutting tool requires a plurality of fixed side blades corresponding to the rotating side blades facing the opposite rotation direction side of the opposing crushing rolls, and the mutual contact portions of both crushing rolls. The first crushing step of coarsely crushing the object to be processed between the blades on the rotating side by the forward rotation drive with the upper side as the biting side, and the rotation of each crushing roll by the reverse rotation drive of both crushing rolls. It was necessary to perform two-step crushing, which is a second crushing step of crushing the object to be processed in a crushing manner between the side blade and the fixed side blade of each fixed cutting tool. Such a crusher has a complicated structure, and is inefficient and difficult to apply for crushing glass such as solar panel glass and automobile glass.

An object of the present invention is to provide a flat glass crusher capable of easily and surely crushing solar panel glass, automobile glass, etc. without complicating the structure.

The present invention according to claim 1 is a pair of upper and lower flat glass crushing rolls composed of an upper roll and a lower roll facing each other, and each roll has a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction thereof at a predetermined interval. Square ridges are provided around the circumference, and the ridges of the upper roll and the lower roll are arranged alternately, and each of the ridges is formed into a trapezoidal cross section narrowing toward the tip side, and the upper roll is formed. The distance between the ridges of the lower roll and the lower roll is in the range of -2 to 28 mm , the pitch of the ridges in each roll is in the range of 12 to 16 mm, and the depth of the concave groove between the ridges. Is a flat glass crushing roll in the range of 6 to 8 mm.

The present invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, with respect to the flat glass crushing roll according to claim 1, the inclination angles of both side surfaces of the ridges are in the range of 12 to 20 °.
In the present invention according to claim 3 , each roll of the flat glass crushing roll according to claim 1 or 2 is made of steel.

The present invention according to claim 4 is a plate glass crusher provided with a main body having the plate glass crushing roll according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the front side of the upper roll in the main body and the front side of the upper roll in the main body are provided. Pressing rolls for pressing the plate glass are provided on the rear side, and roller conveyors are installed on the front side and the rear side of the main body, respectively .

The present invention according to claim 5 further comprises a collector for sucking and collecting glass powder generated when crushing the plate glass in the crusher main body of the plate glass crusher according to claim 4. ..

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, with respect to the flat glass crusher according to the fourth or fifth aspect , either the upper roll or the lower roll is moved up and down by an eccentric ring, and the distance between the upper roll and the lower roll is set. Is a technical feature that can be changed.

The present invention according to claim 7 is such that the upper roll and the lower roll of the flat glass crusher according to any one of claims 4 to 6 are independently rotated by individual motors. It is something that has been done.

The present invention according to claim 8 is the flat glass crusher according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the rear roller conveyor is parallel to the roller and the ball screw is rotatable. The technical feature is that it is placed on a table equipped with a female screw that moves in the left-right direction.

The present invention according to claim 9 is a plate glass crushing method using the plate glass crusher according to any one of claims 4 to 8 , wherein two sheets are sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower plate glass crushing rolls. This is a method for crushing solar panel glass, which is characterized in that the solar panel glass of the above is passed back to back with each other.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, in the method for crushing the solar panel glass according to the ninth aspect , the solar panel glass in a state of being stacked back to back with each other is reciprocated once between a pair of upper and lower plate glass crushing rolls. The roller conveyor on the rear side is shifted in the axial direction of the plate glass crushing roll by 1/2 width of the convex pitch of the plate glass crushing roll in the outbound process.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the method for crushing the solar panel glass according to the tenth aspect , the one reciprocating step of the solar panel glass and the shifting step of the rear roller conveyor in the next outbound step are repeatedly performed. It is characterized by.

The flat glass crushing roll according to the present invention is a pair of upper and lower flat glass crushing rolls composed of only upper rolls and lower rolls facing each other, and each roll has a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction thereof. Since the square ridges are provided around and the ridges of the upper roll and the lower roll are arranged alternately, the plate glass is sandwiched between the upper roll and the lower roll to form the plate glass. Vertical pressure is applied to crush the flat glass. Further, since the tops of the ridges of the upper roll and the lower roll are flat during this crushing, wear of the ridges due to the crushing is suppressed and stable crushing of the flat glass is performed. Further, it is possible to effectively suppress the accumulation of crushed glass cullet in the concave groove between the adjacent ridges on the upper roll and the lower roll.

Further, according to the glass crushing roll according to the present invention in which the ridges of the upper roll and the lower roll are trapezoidal in cross section, the crushing property of the flat glass between the upper roll and the lower roll is further improved, and as a result, the flat glass The crushing efficiency of glass can be further increased. Further, according to the trapezoidal ridges in the cross section of the upper roll and the lower roll, the characteristic that the crushed glass cullet is less likely to be accumulated in the concave groove between the ridges is further improved.

Further, according to the flat glass crusher of the present invention, the particle size of the crushed glass cullet can be made small and constant.

Further, according to the flat glass crusher of the present invention, the back sheet of the solar panel glass can be removed as it is without being torn by crushing by the ridges of the upper roll and the lower roll. Will not be mixed into the glass cullet as an impurity.

It is a side view of the flat glass crusher which is an embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the same plate glass crusher. It is sectional drawing of the state which two solar panel glass is sandwiched between the upper and lower rolls. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3, which is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a first crushed state of the plate glass by a vertical roll in a plate glass crusher. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3, which is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a second crushed state in which the plate glass is shifted by 1/2 pitch in the left-right direction together with the conveyor from the plate glass crushing position of FIG. It is a front view which shows the individual motor drive of the upper roll and the lower roll. FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view showing a partially cross-sectional view of the mounting state of the upper roll and the lower roll in FIG. It is a perspective view of the shifting device of a roller conveyor. It is a side view which shows the structure of the eccentric ring and the outer peripheral gear which affect the raising and lowering of a lower roll. 8A and 8B are views showing the eccentric position of the lower roll by the eccentric ring, in which FIG. 8A is a state of zero eccentricity, FIG. 8B is a first eccentric state, and FIG. 8C is a second eccentric state. It is sectional drawing which shows the sandwiching state of the plate glass by the upper and lower rolls which concerns on a comparative form. It is a test result image which shows the crushed state of the solar panel glass by the upper and lower rolls which concerns on embodiment of this invention. Similarly, it is a test result image which shows the crushed state of the solar panel glass by the upper and lower rolls which concerns on embodiment, and shows the peeled state which the back sheet is not damaged. It is a test image which shows the state of the upper and lower rolls of an embodiment. It is a test result image which shows the crushed state of the solar panel glass by the upper and lower roll which concerns on a comparative form. It is a test image which shows the state of the upper and lower roll of a comparative form.

Next, an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a flat glass crusher for crushing solar panel glass will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment.

In the present embodiment, the front-back, left-right, up-down directions are based on FIG. 1, the front side means the left side direction of FIG. 1, and the rear side means the right side direction of the same figure. Further, the left side means the front side direction of the drawing paper leaf of FIG. 1, and the right side means the back side direction of the drawing paper leaf of the same figure. Further, the upper side and the lower side refer to the upper side direction and the lower side direction in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the plate glass crusher 1 according to the present embodiment is provided with a pair of upper and lower plate glass crushing rolls including an upper roll 2A and a lower roll 2B facing each other in the left-right direction in a central portion. A crusher main body 10 is provided, and roller conveyors 11A and 11B are installed on the front side and the rear side, respectively.

More specifically, as described above, the crusher main body 10 includes a pair of upper and lower plate glass crushing rolls (made of steel) composed of an upper roll 2A and a lower roll 2B facing each other in the left-right direction, and the rolls 2A and 2B, respectively. There are ridges 3A and 3B having a rectangular cross section with a predetermined interval P (pitch) in a direction orthogonal to their axial directions, and concave grooves 4A having a predetermined depth formed between the ridges 3A and 3B. The 4Bs are provided around each other, and the ridges 3A and 3B and the recessed grooves 4A and 4B in the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B are arranged alternately.

Further, in the present embodiment, the ridges 3A and 3B have a trapezoidal cross section whose width narrows toward the tip side, and the distance B between the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B is about -2 to 28 mm. The pitch P of the ridges 3A and 3B in each roll 2A and 2B is set within the range of about 12 to 16 mm, and the depth D of the concave grooves 4A and 4B between the ridges 3A and 3B is about. It is set within the range of 6 to 8 mm. Further, the inclination angles α of the ridges 3A and 3B are changed in the range of 12 to 20 °.

In the present embodiment, the distance B between the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B is set to 6 mm or 7 mm, the pitch P of the ridges 3A and 3B is set to 14 mm, and the depth D of the concave grooves 4A and 4B is set to 7 mm. ing.

Further, presser rolls 6 for pressing the plate glass SG are rotatably supported on the front side and the rear side of the upper roll 2A in the crusher main body 10, respectively.

Further, the crusher main body 10 is provided with a suction duct 7 for sucking and collecting the glass powder generated when the flat glass SG is crushed, and the glass powder sucked from the suction duct 7 passes through the relay duct 22. Then, it is collected by the collector (dust collector) 21.

Further, below the lower roll 2B, a first chute 18A for receiving the cullet of the crushed solar panel glass and a second chute 18B following the first chute 18A are provided, and the lower end of the second chute 18B is on the belt conveyor 19. With such a structure, the crushed glass cullet is conveyed to the next process by the belt conveyor 19. Further, a container trolley 20 for receiving the cullet of crushed solar panel glass is installed at the lower part of the roller conveyor 11B on the rear side, and the glass cullet that has fallen into the container trolley 20 is a worker (not shown). Is carried into the belt conveyor 19 by.

Further, in the present embodiment, the rollers 16A and 16B in the roller conveyors 11A and 11B are rotated in the forward and reverse directions by the motor M4 via the sprocket 23 provided coaxially with the sprocket 23 and the chain C meshing with the sprocket 23. Has been done.

Further, guidance bars 17A and 17B for guiding the flat glass SG are provided between the front and rear roller conveyors 11A and 11B of the front and rear pressing rollers 6 at intervals in the left-right direction.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B are rotatably supported by a pair of left and right bearings 23A and 23B in the crusher main body 10, and are supported by individual motors M1 and M2. It is designed to rotate independently. More specifically, the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B are rotatably supported by a pair of left and right bearings 23A and 23B in the crusher main body 10, respectively, and the ends of the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B, respectively. A chain CH is laid between the sprockets 22A and 22B attached to the rotating shafts of the motor motors M1 and M2, respectively, and the upper rolls 2A and the lower rolls 2B are rotated by the motors M1 and M2. ing.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, in the present embodiment, as will be described later, the shifting device 30 for shifting the rear roller conveyor 11B in the left-right direction is spaced below the rear roller conveyor 11B. It is installed in two places. More specifically, the shifting device 30 includes a ball screw 5 that is parallel and rotatable with the roller 16B of the roller conveyor 11B on the rear side, a nut-shaped female screw member 9 that moves in the left-right direction with respect to the ball screw 5, and the same. A table TB having a female screw member 9 integrally is provided. The ball screw 5 is rotatably supported on the guide rail GR by the motor M3 via the coupling 14 and the bearing 15. Then, as described above, the ball screw 5 is fitted with the nut-shaped female screw member 9 inserted into the table TB, and the rotation of the ball screw 5 causes the table TB to pass through the female screw member 9. The structure is such that the rear roller conveyor 11B on the table TB can move in the left-right direction as well, and moves in the left-right direction along the guide rail GR.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 9, the raising and lowering of the lower roll 2B by the eccentric ring 25 will be described. The outer peripheral portions of the left and right bearings 23B of the lower roll 2B are surrounded by the eccentric ring 25. The structure is supported by the eccentric ring 25, and the height positions of the lower roll 2B and the bearing 23B are changed by rotating the eccentric ring 25. Further, a gear 27 is formed on the outer peripheral side portion of the circular base 26 provided with the eccentric ring 25, and the outer peripheral gear 27 meshes with the pinion 28, and the pinion 28 meshes with the rack 29 as a stopper.

In the figure, 23BOC indicates the outer circumference of the bearing 23B of the lower roll 2B. Further, 35 indicates the axis of the lower roll 2B, 2BOC indicates the outer circumference of the lower roll 2B, and 2AOC indicates the outer circumference of the upper roll 2A.

Then, at the zero eccentric position of the eccentric ring 25 shown in FIG. 10A, the outer peripheral 2BOC of the lower roll 2B is closest to the outer peripheral 2AOC of the upper roll 2A (about -2 mm), and the figure accompanying the rotation of the eccentric ring 25. At the eccentric position of 10 (b), the outer peripheral 2BOC of the lower roll 2B is located slightly away from the outer peripheral 2AOC of the upper roll 2A (interval of about 8 mm), and FIG. 10 (c) shows that the eccentric ring 25 is further rotated. At the eccentric position of, the outer peripheral 2BOC of the lower roll 2B is at a position (interval of about 18 mm) significantly separated from the outer peripheral 2AOC of the upper roll 2A.

Then, as described above, the outer gear 27 of the circular base 26 provided with the eccentric ring 25 and the pinion 28 are meshed with each other, and the pinion 28 is meshed with the rack 29 functioning as a stopper. Therefore, the rack 29, which is a stopper, prevents the pinion 28 from rotating, and the outer gear 27 of the circular base 26 that meshes with the pinion 28 does not rotate accordingly, and as a result, it is integrated with the circular base 26. The eccentric ring 25 also does not rotate, and the height position of the lower roll 2B is kept constant accordingly, and in this state, the lower roll 2B is rotated by the motor M2 via the bearing 23B. .. On the other hand, by moving the rack 29 to disengage the engagement between the rack 29 and the pinion 28, the circular base 26 and the eccentric ring 25 become rotatable, and by rotating the eccentric ring 25, the lower side is again. The height position of the roll 2B is changed, and the height position of the lower roll 2B is fixed by engaging the rack 29 and the pinion 28 again at a predetermined height position.

In the figure, 31 is a display board integrally fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the circular base 26, and a scale 32 indicating the height position of the lower roll 2B is attached to the surface, and 33 is the scale 32. It is an indicator member.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the sprocket 22A and the chain CH of the upper roll 2A are located above the circular base 26.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the procedure for using the flat glass crusher according to the present embodiment will be described. First, an operator (shown) is placed on the rear roller conveyor 11B rotating forward. When two solar panel glass SGs are placed back to back, the solar panel glass SG advances on the rear roller conveyor 11B and is sandwiched between the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B in the crusher main body 10. While being crushed, it comes out on the front roller conveyor 11A. Then, when the rear end of the solar panel glass SG reaches between the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B, the front and rear roller conveyors 11A and 11B and the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B are rotated in the reverse direction to rotate the solar panel. The glass SG is sandwiched between the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B again and crushed again. By such reciprocating movement of the solar panel glass SG with respect to the upper and lower rolls 2A and 2B, the solar panel glass SG is more closely crushed at the pressure-welded portion of the upper and lower rolls 2A and 2B. Next, when the reciprocated solar panel glass SG is sent to the upper roll 2A and the lower roll 2B again, the shift device 30 described above is operated to move the rear roller conveyor 11B to the left and right. By sandwiching the solar panel glass SG between the upper and lower rolls 2A and 2B by shifting the direction by 1/2 pitch, the portion of the solar panel glass SG that was not directly crushed by the reciprocating movement is also directly crushed. Therefore, more fine crushing is performed on the entire surface of the solar panel glass SG (see FIGS. 4 and 5). In the figure, BS indicates a back sheet of solar panel glass SG.
[Comparative test]

Next, the upper and lower rolls having a trapezoidal cross-sectional trapezoidal protrusion 3A / 3B having a spacing (pitch) P of 14 mm and a recessed groove 4A / 4B between the protrusions 3A / 3B having a depth D of 7 mm according to the above-described embodiment. 2A and 2B and the ridges 33A and 33B having a triangular cross section shown in FIG. 11, the interval (pitch) P is 10 mm, and the depth D of the concave grooves 34A and 34B between the ridges 33A and 33B is 2.5 mm. When a crushing test of the solar panel glass was carried out using the upper and lower rolls 32A and 32B of the comparative form, as shown in FIG. 12, the upper and lower rolls 2A and 2B of the embodiment had a substantially uniform particle size and an appropriate fineness. A glass cullet was obtained, and as shown in FIG. 13, the back sheet of the solar panel glass was not damaged, and as shown in FIG. 14, the crushed glass was not clogged in the recessed grooves 4A and 4B at all. It did not occur. On the other hand, in the upper and lower rolls 32A and 32B of the comparative form, as shown in FIG. 15, the back sheet of the solar panel glass was damaged and cracks were generated, which became crushed glass cullet as contamination (impurities). It was mixed. Further, in the upper and lower rolls 32A and 32B of the comparative form, as shown in FIG. 16, the crushed glass was clogged in the concave grooves 34A and 34B, and the protrusions 33A and 33B were also significantly worn.

According to the glass crusher according to the present invention, flat glass is crushed into fine glass cullet having a certain particle size to surely obtain a highly usable glass cullet, so that a wide range of utility can be expected in the field of glass recycling. ..

1 Crusher 2A / 2B Vertical roll 3A / 3B Vertical roll convex 4A / 4B Vertical roll concave groove 5 Ball screw 6 Presser roller 11A Front roller conveyor 11B Rear roller conveyor SG Solar panel glass BS back sheet

Claims (11)

A pair of upper and lower plate glass crushing rolls consisting of an upper roll and a lower roll facing each other, and each roll is provided with square ridges having a square cross section at predetermined intervals in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction thereof. Further, the ridges of the upper roll and the lower roll are arranged alternately, and each of the ridges has a trapezoidal cross section narrowed toward the tip side, and the ridges of the upper roll and the lower roll are arranged in a staggered manner. in the range interval of each other in -2～28Mm, pitch of the ridges in each roll is in the range of 12～16Mm, and the depth of the groove between the ridges is in the range of 6~8mm , Flat glass crushing roll. The flat glass crushing roll according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angles of both side surfaces of the ridges are in the range of 12 to 20 °. The flat glass crushing roll according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each roll is made of steel. A plate glass crusher provided with a main body having the plate glass crushing roll according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein holding rolls for pressing the plate glass are provided on the front side and the rear side of the upper roll in the main body. A flat glass crusher provided with roller conveyors on the front side and the rear side of the main body, respectively. The plate glass crusher according to claim 4, further comprising a collector in the crusher main body for sucking and collecting glass powder generated when the plate glass is crushed. The flat glass crusher according to claim 4 or 5, wherein either the upper roll or the lower roll is moved up and down by an eccentric ring so that the distance between the upper roll and the lower roll can be changed. The flat glass crusher according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the upper roll and the lower roll are independently rotated by individual motors. Any of claims 4 to 7, wherein the rear roller conveyor is placed on a table provided with a female screw that moves in the left-right direction with respect to a ball screw that is parallel to and rotatable with the roller. The flat glass crusher described in item 1. A plate glass crushing method using the plate glass crusher according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein two solar panel glasses are stacked back to back between a pair of upper and lower plate glass crushing rolls. A method for crushing solar panel glass, which comprises crushing each flat glass by passing it in a state of being crushed. The solar panel glass that is stacked back to back with each other is reciprocated once between the pair of upper and lower plate glass crushing rolls, and in the next outbound process, the rear roller conveyor is set to 1/2 the width of the ridge pitch of the plate glass crushing rolls. The method for crushing a solar panel glass according to claim 9, wherein the plate glass crushing roll is displaced in the axial direction. The method for crushing a solar panel glass according to claim 10, wherein one reciprocating step of the solar panel glass and a step of shifting the rear roller conveyor in the next outbound step are repeated.

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