JP6114305B2 - 排気後処理システム及びそのシステムを操作する方法 - Google Patents
排気後処理システム及びそのシステムを操作する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. by adjusting the dosing of reducing agent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the exhaust apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/01—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being catalytic material in liquid form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/06—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being in the gaseous form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Description
10,16 SCR触媒
40 ガス状アンモニア供給装置
44,64 噴射器
60 アンモニア含有還元剤リザーバ
Claims (29)
- 排気ガスを受け取る排気システム(6)において、
第1のSCR触媒(10)と、
前記第1のSCR触媒(10)の下流に位置決めされた第2のSCR触媒(16)と、
前記第1のSCR触媒(10)の上流に提供された第1の噴射器(44)と、
前記第2のSCR触媒(16)の上流に提供された第2の噴射器(64)とを含む排気システム(6)であって、更に、
前記第1の噴射器(44)に流体接続され、前記第1の噴射器(44)によってガス状アンモニアを前記排気ガスに供給するためのガス状アンモニア供給装置(40)と、
前記第2の噴射器(64)に流体接続され、流体アンモニア含有還元剤を、前記第2の噴射器(64)によって前記排気ガスに供給するためのアンモニア含有還元剤リザーバ(60)とを有し、
前記ガス状アンモニア供給装置(40)のガス状アンモニアは、前記第2の噴射器(64)を介して供給されることはなく、前記アンモニア含有還元剤リザーバ(60)の前記流体アンモニア含有還元剤は前記第1の噴射器(44)を介して供給されることはなく、これにより、前記アンモニア含有還元剤リザーバ(60)は前記ガス状アンモニア供給装置(40)と区別されており、
前記第1のSCR触媒(10)が、前記第1のSCR触媒(10)を迅速に予熱するために前記第2のSCR触媒(16)よりも小さい体積を有する、排気システム(6)。 - 前記流体アンモニア含有還元剤は尿素である、請求項1に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1のSCR触媒(10)の体積が、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)の体積の5%乃至60%の範囲内である、請求項1又は2に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1のSCR触媒(10)の体積が、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)の体積の5%乃至40%の範囲内である、請求項1又は2に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1のSCR触媒(10)の体積が、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)の体積の10%乃至25%の範囲内である、請求項1又は2に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記排気システム(6)が、更に、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)の下流に配置されたアンモニア酸化触媒(18)を含む、請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1と第2のSCR触媒(10,16)間に微粒子フィルタ(14)が位置決めされた、請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記排気システム(6)が、更に、前記第1のSCR触媒(10)の下流かつ前記微粒子フィルタ(14)の上流に配置された酸化触媒(12)を含む、請求項7に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1のSCR触媒(10)が、バナジア系触媒であり、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)が、ゼオライト系触媒である、請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記ガス状アンモニア供給装置(40)が、
前記ガス状アンモニアの供給源であるアルカリ土類金属塩化物塩を蓄えるように構成された貯蔵容器、又は
溶剤に溶かされたアンモニアの溶液を収容する貯蔵容器、又は
加圧アンモニアガスを収容するガス容器を含む、請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。 - 前記溶剤が水である、請求項10に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1の噴射器(44)が、前記排気システム(6)の排気通路の側壁を通り抜ける金属パイプ(42)によって構成され、また前記排気通路内の放出口となり、その結果、前記ガス状アンモニア供給装置(40)からのガス状アンモニアを、前記金属パイプ(42)によって前記排気通路内の排気ガス流に供給することができる、請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1の噴射器(44)に、熱可塑性材料又は他の感熱性材料で作成された部分がない、請求項12に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 電子制御装置(30)が、前記第1の噴射器(44)によるガス状アンモニアの噴射を制御するように構成され、その結果、前記第1の噴射器(44)による前記排気ガスへのガス状アンモニアの供給は、前記第1のSCR触媒(10)のすぐ上流の領域内の前記排気ガスの温度が第1の値(T1)より高く、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)のすぐ上流の領域内の前記排気ガスの温度が第2の値(T2)より低い動作モードに限定され、それにより、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)による前記排気ガスのNOx変換効率が低いときの温度における前記排気ガスのNOx変換効率が少なくともある程度高められる、請求項1乃至13のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1の値(T1)が、120℃であり、前記第2の値(T2)が、270℃である、請求項14に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1の値(T1)が、150℃であり、前記第2の値(T2)が、250℃である、請求項14に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 電子制御装置(30)が、前記第2の噴射器(64)による流体アンモニア含有還元剤の噴射を制御するように構成され、その結果、前記第2の噴射器(64)によるアンモニア含有還元剤の前記排気ガスへの供給は、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)のすぐ上流の領域内の排気ガスの温度が第3の値(T3)より高い動作モードに制限される、請求項1乃至16のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第3の値(T3)が、200℃である、請求項17に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第3の値(T3)が、250℃である、請求項17に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1のSCR触媒(10)が、エンジン(2)の排気マニホールド出口又はターボ排気出口から0.6メートル未満下流に配置された、請求項1乃至19のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1のSCR触媒(10)が、排気マニホールド出口又はターボ排気出口から0.4メートル未満下流に配置された、請求項1乃至19のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第1のSCR触媒(10)が、排気マニホールド出口又はターボ排気出口から0.25メートル未満下流に配置された、請求項1乃至19のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。
- 電子制御装置(30)が、前記第2の噴射器(64)による流体アンモニア含有還元剤の噴射を制御するように構成された、請求項1乃至22のいずれかに記載の排気システム(6)。
- 前記第2の噴射器(64)が、前記微粒子フィルタ(14)の下流に提供された、請求項7又は8に記載の排気システム(6)。
- 第1のSCR触媒(10)と、
前記第1のSCR触媒(10)の下流に位置決めされた第2のSCR触媒(16)と、
前記第1のSCR触媒(10)の上流に提供された第1の噴射器(44)と、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)の上流に提供された第2の噴射器(64)とを含む排気システム(6)を操作する方法であって、
第1の噴射器(44)によるガス状アンモニアの噴射を制御して、その結果、前記第1の噴射器(44)による排気ガスへのガス状アンモニアの供給は、前記第1のSCR触媒(10)のすぐ上流の領域内の前記排気ガスの温度が第1の値(T1)より高く、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)のすぐ上流の領域内の排気ガスの温度が第2の値(T2)より低い動作モードに制限され、それにより、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)による前記排気ガスのNOx変換効率が低いときの温度における前記排気ガスのNOx変換効率が少なくともある程度高められるようにする段階を含み、また前記第2の噴射器(64)による流体アンモニア含有還元剤の噴射を制御して、前記ガス状アンモニアは前記第2の噴射器(64)を介して供給されることはなく、前記流体アンモニア含有還元剤は前記第1の噴射器(44)を介して供給されることはなく、これにより、前記アンモニア含有還元剤は前記ガス状アンモニアと区別されており、その結果、前記第2の噴射器(64)による前記排気ガスへのアンモニア含有還元剤の供給が、前記第2のSCR触媒(16)と関係する温度(TSCR2)が第3の値(T3)より高い動作モードに限定されるようにする段階を含む方法。 - 前記第1の値(Τ1)が、120℃であり、前記第2の値(T2)が、270℃である、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の値(Τ1)が、150℃であり、前記第2の値(T2)が、250℃である、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記第3の値(T3)が、200℃である、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記第3の値(T3)が、250℃である、請求項25に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/SE2011/000248 WO2013095214A1 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2011-12-23 | Exhaust aftertreatment system and method for operating the system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2015507118A JP2015507118A (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
| JP6114305B2 true JP6114305B2 (ja) | 2017-04-12 |
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| JP2014548723A Expired - Fee Related JP6114305B2 (ja) | 2011-12-23 | 2011-12-23 | 排気後処理システム及びそのシステムを操作する方法 |
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| US (1) | US9132386B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2795076B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6114305B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN104053871B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2013095214A1 (ja) |
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| DE102018117354A1 (de) | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-09 | FEV Europe GmbH | Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Katalysatoranordnung mit zwei Katalysatoreinheiten und Katalysatoranordnung hierzu |
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- 2011-12-23 JP JP2014548723A patent/JP6114305B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| DE102018117354A1 (de) | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-09 | FEV Europe GmbH | Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Katalysatoranordnung mit zwei Katalysatoreinheiten und Katalysatoranordnung hierzu |
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| EP2795076B1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
| WO2013095214A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
| CN104053871A (zh) | 2014-09-17 |
| CN104053871B (zh) | 2018-05-01 |
| JP2015507118A (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
| US9132386B2 (en) | 2015-09-15 |
| US20140363358A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
| EP2795076A1 (en) | 2014-10-29 |
| EP2795076A4 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
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