JP5983551B2 - 炭化水素の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化水素の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
金属Mgの形態は、特に限定されないが、粒子状、薄板状、カール状、チップ状、線状等を例示できる。薄板状の金属Mgの厚さは、特に限定されないが、0.02〜1mmを例示できる。粒子状の金属Mgの大きさは、特に限定されないが、1〜1000μmを例示できる。線状の金属Mgの太さは、特に限定されないが、0.1〜1mmを例示できる。金属Mgの比表面積は、特に限定されないが、炭化水素の生成量が多くなることから55〜70cm2/gであることが好ましい。
併用元素の形態は、特に限定されないが、単体又は水溶性化合物の場合には、粒子状、薄板状、カール状、チップ状、線状等を例示できる。併用元素の使用量は、特に限定されないが、単体又は水溶性化合物の場合には、金属Mgに対してモル比で0.1〜10程度が好ましいと考えられる。
金属Mgと水と二酸化炭素とを接触させる方法としては、特に限定されないが、次の態様を例示できる。
(1)水中に、金属Mgを投入し、二酸化炭素をバブリングする。
(2)すでに二酸化炭素を含む水中に、金属Mgを投入する。
(3)水中で接触させるのではなく、噴霧した水等を用いる。例えば、二酸化炭素が存在する気中に金属Mgを入れ、その金属Mgに噴霧した水を接触させる。
前記接触させたもの(金属Mgと水と二酸化炭素)を、硬質ビーズと共に攪拌することが好ましい。硬質ビーズと共に攪拌することにより、金属Mgが粉砕・研磨され、これによって、新たな金属Mg表面と水との反応が生じるからである。また、生成工程が水中で行われている場合には、攪拌することにより、水中での二酸化炭素の濃度の偏りを少なくすることができる。
生成工程で得られる炭化水素としては、特に限定されないが、メタン、エタン、プロパン等のアルカンや、エチレン、プロピレン等のアルケン等を例示できる。
本発明の炭化水素の製造方法は、常温常圧の雰囲気で反応を行わせることができるが、常温常圧以外の雰囲気で反応を行わせてもよい。常温常圧以外となる二例を下に挙げる。これらの例でも、炭化水素の収量が大きい。
(1)反応に伴う発熱又は吸熱等による温度変化や、反応容器内のガス量の変化(ガスの生成又は分解)等による圧力変化によって、常温常圧以外となる例。
(2)外部から加熱や冷却又は加圧や減圧の操作を行って、常温常圧以外とする例。
本発明によれば、上記のとおり、鉄等がマグネシウムの酸化による水素発生を促進するので、外部から水素ガスを供給する必要はないが、外部から水素ガスを供給することを排除するものではない。
また、ジルコニアビーズは、サンゴバン社製(粒径0.5mmとして市販)を使用した。
このバイアル瓶に、金属Mgの粒子0.2gと併用元素の粒子0.2gとを入れた。但し、比較例1は金属Mgの粒子0.2gのみを入れ、比較例2は金属Mgの粒子0.4gのみを入れた。
その後、バイアル瓶の口から挿入した管を用いて、バイアル瓶内の底部付近から水中に二酸化炭素(流量:0.8L/分)を1分間注入して、バブリングを行った。その後、管をバイアル瓶から抜出した後、蓋をしてバイアル瓶を密封した。
そして、このバイアル瓶を屋内(約23℃に温度調整された室内)で1日間、シェーカーによりバイアル瓶を上下(振動数:10回/秒)に攪拌しながら、反応を行った。そして、反応後のバイアル瓶内のヘッドスペースからシリンジを用いてガスを採取してガス成分を分析した。
次に、上記実施例1〜19のように併用元素の単体又水溶性化合物を用いるのでなく、併用元素のイオンを用いる変更例について検討した。具体的には、実施例7の変更例として、次のように行った。
その後、バイアル瓶の口から挿入した管を用いて、バイアル瓶内の底部付近から水中に二酸化炭素(流量:0.8L/分)を1分間注入して、バブリングを行った。その後、管をバイアル瓶から抜出した後、蓋をしてバイアル瓶を密封した。
そして、このバイアル瓶を屋内(約23℃に温度調整された室内)で1日間、シェーカーによりバイアル瓶を上下(振動数:10回/秒)に攪拌した。
攪拌後、バイアル瓶内の水を吸引濾過し、ろ液を1万回/分×10分遠心分離して、その上澄液75mLを得た。この上澄液のFe濃度を原子吸光光度法で測定したところ、5mg/Lであった。この上澄液に純水を加え90mLとした。これを以下「Feイオン水」という。
再び、バイアル瓶に、まずジルコニアビーズを30g入れ、次に上記90mLのFeイオン水を入れ、次に実施例7と同一の金属Mgの粒子0.2gを入れた。
その後、バイアル瓶の口から挿入した管を用いて、バイアル瓶内の底部付近からFeイオン水中に二酸化炭素(流量:0.8L/分)を1分間注入して、バブリングを行った。その後、管をバイアル瓶から抜出した後、蓋をしてバイアル瓶を密封した。
そして、このバイアル瓶を屋内(約23℃に温度調整された室内)で1日間、シェーカーによりバイアル瓶を上下(振動数:10回/秒)に攪拌しながら、反応を行った。そして、反応後のバイアル瓶内のヘッドスペースからシリンジを用いてガスを採取してガス成分を分析した。
次に、金属Mgとして、粒子状以外の形状のもの、すなわち次の表2に寸法と比表面積とを示す薄板、カール状又はチップ状のものを使用して、メタン生成量への影響を調べた。この実験は、まず、併用元素の不存在下で行った。具体的には、比較例1の粒子状の金属Mgを、表2の薄板、カール状又はチップ状の金属Mgに変更し、それ以外は比較例1と同一の条件で行った。
Claims (5)
- 金属Mgと液体の水と二酸化炭素とを接触させ、該二酸化炭素を還元して炭化水素を製造する方法であって、
8族元素、9族元素、B、C、S、Ca、V、Mn、Ni、Ge、Zr、Nb、Pd、Ag、Sn、Pt、Au及びCeの群から選ばれた1種又は2種以上の元素を併用元素とし、該併用元素の単体、水溶性化合物又はイオンの存在下で前記接触を行う炭化水素の製造方法。 - 前記併用元素が、Fe、Co及びRuから選ばれた1種又は2種以上の元素である請求項1記載の炭化水素の製造方法。
- 前記併用元素が、Feである請求項2記載の炭化水素の製造方法。
- 金属Mgの比表面積が、55〜70cm2/gである請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の炭化水素の製造方法。
- 前記接触させたものを、硬質ビーズと共に攪拌する請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の炭化水素の製造方法。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013150258A JP5983551B2 (ja) | 2013-07-19 | 2013-07-19 | 炭化水素の製造方法 |
| US14/306,497 US9090524B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2014-06-17 | Method for manufacturing hydrocarbon |
| CN201410341603.8A CN104292063A (zh) | 2013-07-19 | 2014-07-17 | 烃的制造方法 |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2013150258A JP5983551B2 (ja) | 2013-07-19 | 2013-07-19 | 炭化水素の製造方法 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2015020980A JP2015020980A (ja) | 2015-02-02 |
| JP5983551B2 true JP5983551B2 (ja) | 2016-08-31 |
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| WO2022256361A2 (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-08 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Enhanced co2 adsorption using transition metals such as ru and ni and their oxides in combination with alkaline metal oxides and high surface area carriers |
| WO2025154724A1 (ja) * | 2024-01-17 | 2025-07-24 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | 炭化水素の製造方法、ならびに金属の炭酸塩および水素の製造方法 |
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| JPH08127544A (ja) | 1994-10-31 | 1996-05-21 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | 二酸化炭素と水素からのメタン製造法 |
| JP2000344689A (ja) * | 1999-05-31 | 2000-12-12 | Fukui Prefecture | 二酸化炭素および水から炭化水素系物質の合成方法 |
| US6582676B2 (en) | 2000-08-14 | 2003-06-24 | The University Of British Columbia | Hydrogen generation from water split reaction |
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| JP2009233479A (ja) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-10-15 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 一酸化炭素酸化触媒、一酸化炭素酸化触媒の製造方法、及び、炭化水素改質システム |
| CN101265148B (zh) * | 2008-04-28 | 2012-05-23 | 同济大学 | 用金属水热还原co2制备甲酸、甲醇和甲烷的方法 |
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