JP5329451B2 - 非水系二次電池 - Google Patents
非水系二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5329451B2 JP5329451B2 JP2010015513A JP2010015513A JP5329451B2 JP 5329451 B2 JP5329451 B2 JP 5329451B2 JP 2010015513 A JP2010015513 A JP 2010015513A JP 2010015513 A JP2010015513 A JP 2010015513A JP 5329451 B2 JP5329451 B2 JP 5329451B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- coupling agent
- mass
- active material
- electrode active
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006702 (C1-C18) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 68
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 39
- -1 Lithium transition metal Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KEBBHXFLBGHGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;4-ethyl-3-oxohexanoate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCC(CC)C(=O)CC([O-])=O.CCC(CC)C(=O)CC([O-])=O.CCC(CC)C(=O)CC([O-])=O KEBBHXFLBGHGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VUAXHMVRKOTJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,2-dimethylbutanoate Chemical class CCC(C)(C)C([O-])=O VUAXHMVRKOTJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012391 LiCo0.99Al0.01O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014089 LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015724 LiNi0.85Co0.15O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetoacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC([O-])=O WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- YCUBDDIKWLELPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)OC=C YCUBDDIKWLELPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BHIWKHZACMWKOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl isobutyrate Chemical class COC(=O)C(C)C BHIWKHZACMWKOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMXHUUDRVBXHBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxyacetyl) 2-hydroxyacetate Chemical compound OCC(=O)OC(=O)CO HMXHUUDRVBXHBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-JCYAYHJZSA-N (4s,5s)-4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound F[C@@H]1OC(=O)O[C@H]1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound O=S1OCCO1 WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZPSDGIEKAQVEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzodioxol-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C1OC(=O)O2 NZPSDGIEKAQVEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWIIJDNADIEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound CN1CCOC1=O VWIIJDNADIEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013733 LiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012820 LiCoO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015118 LiMO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014093 LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013705 LiNi 1-x Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012672 LiTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910020810 Sn-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018757 Sn—Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCCCC QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N divinyl sulfone Chemical compound C=CS(=O)(=O)C=C AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BPFOYPDHLJUICH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC=C BPFOYPDHLJUICH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHEIMYAXCOIQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical class CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C HHEIMYAXCOIQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021469 graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- WDAXFOBOLVPGLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid ethyl ester Chemical class CCOC(=O)C(C)C WDAXFOBOLVPGLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000725 trifluoropropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
リチウム複合酸化物を正極活物質とする正極合剤層が形成された正極極板と、負極極板と、セパレータと、非水電解質とを備える非水系二次電池において、
前記正極活物質の平均粒径が4.5〜15.5μm、比表面積が0.13〜0.80m2/gであり、
前記正極合剤層がシランカップリング剤もしくは下記一般式(I)で表されるカップリング剤の少なくとも1種を前記正極活物質の質量に対して0.003質量%以上5質量%以下含有し、
前記非水電解質は、下記一般式(II)で表されるフッ素化環状炭酸エステルを非水電解質総質量に対して0.3質量%以上含有することを特徴とする。
[正極の作製]
各種正極活物質を95質量%、導電剤としての無定形炭素HS−100(商品名)2.5質量%、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVdF)2.5質量%の割合で混合して正極合剤とし、これに正極合剤質量の50質量%のN−メチルピロリドン(NMP)を加えてスラリー状にした。得られたスラリーに各種カップリング剤を所定量添加し、十分に撹拌した後、ドクターブレード法により厚さ12μmのアルミ箔の両面に塗布(塗布量400g/m2)した。その後、加熱乾燥(70〜140℃)してNMPを除去した後、加圧成型して充填密度3.70g/cm3(LiMn2O4、LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2については3.12g/cm3))となるようにし、所定の大きさに切り出して正極板を得た。なお、正極活物質の平均粒径及び比表面積については、ミックスマラーによる粉砕及び分級操作にて制御し、平均粒径についてはレーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置にて測定し、比表面積については窒素吸着によるBET比表面積測定法により測定して、所定の平均粒径及び比表面積であることを確認した。
人造黒鉛(d=0.335nm)97質量%、増粘剤としてのカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)2質量%、結着材としてのスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)1質量%の割合で混合し、これに水を加えてスラリー状にして厚さ8μmの銅箔の両面に塗布(塗布量210g/m2)した。その後、これを乾燥させて水分を除去した後、圧縮ローラーを用いて充填密度1.6g/cm3となるまで圧縮し、所定の大きさに切り出して負極極板を作製した。
所定の寸法にスリットした正極板と負極板に集電タブを溶接し、厚さ16μmのポリエチレン微多孔膜のセパレータを挟んで捲回し、巻回電極体を作製した。得られた巻回電極体をカップ成型したラミネート外装体内に収納し、注液口を除いて熱シールすることにより注液前電池を作製した。
非水電解質としては、EC/PC/EMC/ピバリン酸メチルをそれぞれ質量比で25/5/30/40となるように混合した非水溶媒を用い、これに電解質塩としてのLiPF6濃度が1Mとなるように溶解したものを用いた。この非水電解質を14mlを注液口より注入した後に真空含浸処理を行い、その後注液口を熱シールして充放電を行い、設計容量2800mAh(1It=2800mA)の非水系二次電池を完成させた。なお、環状炭酸エステルは、フッ素化環状炭酸エステル含有割合が25質量%以下の場合は、対応する質量のECをフッ素化環状炭酸エステルに置換して添加した。また、フッ素化環状炭酸エステル含有割合が25質量%を越える場合(実施例9及び10)は、対応するECの全量及びEMCの一部をフッ素化環状炭酸エステルに置換して添加した。
上述のようにして作製された各実施例及び比較例の電池のそれぞれに対し、以下の測定方法に従って、初期容量、サイクル特性、及び、釘刺し特性を求めた。
各実施例及び比較例の電池のそれぞれに対し、23℃の恒温槽中で、0.5It=1400mAの定電流で電池電圧が4.2Vに達するまで充電し、更に電池電圧が4.2Vに達した後は、4.2Vの定電圧で電流値が(1/50)It=56mAになるまで充電した。このときの充電容量を常温充電容量として求めた。その後、0.5It=1400mAの定電流で電池電圧が2.75Vになるまで放電した。このときの放電容量を初期容量として求めた。
各実施例及び比較例のそれぞれの電池について、23℃の恒温槽中で、1It=2800mAの定電流で電池電圧が4.2Vに達するまで充電し、更に電池電圧が4.2Vに達した後は、4.2Vの定電圧で電流値が(1/50)It=56mAになるまで充電した。その後、1It=2800mAの定電流で電池電圧が2.75Vになるまで放電した。このときの放電容量を1サイクル時の放電容量として求めた。同様の充放電を300回繰り返し、300回目の放電容量を300サイクル時の放電容量として求め、以下の計算式に基いてサイクル特性(%)を求めた。
サイクル特性(%)
=(300サイクル時の放電容量/1サイクル時の放電容量)×100
各実施例及び比較例のそれぞれの電池各30個について、23℃の恒温槽中で、1It=2800mAの定電流で電池電圧が4.35Vに達するまで充電し、更に電池電圧が4.35Vに達した後は、4.35Vの定電圧で電流値が(1/50)It=56mAになるまで充電した。この過充電状態の各電池について、23℃で、電極体の中央部に直径2.5mmの鉄製の釘を10mm/sの速度で貫通させた。釘を貫通させた後、30分間放置して、発煙もしくは燃焼に至った電池数をカウントし、以下の計算式に従って釘刺し特性(%)を求めた。
釘刺し特性(%)=(発煙もしくは燃焼に至った電池数/30)×100
実施例1〜10、比較例1〜10の非水系二次電池としては、正極活物質として平均粒径が13.1μmであり、比表面積が0.25m2/gのLiCoO2を用いた。なお、以下においては、各種フッ素化環状炭酸エステルの添加量は非水電解質の総質量に対する割合を示し、各種カップリング剤の添加量は正極活物質量に対する割合を示している。
実施例11〜28、比較例11及び12の非水系二次電池としては、正極活物質として平均粒径が13.1μmであり、比表面積が0.25m2/gのLiCoO2を用い、更に非水電解質中に添加するフッ素化環状炭酸エステルとしてはFECを5.0質量%となるように添加したものを用いた。
実施例29〜42及び比較例13〜31の非水系二次電池としては、非水電解質中に添加するフッ素化環状炭酸エステルとしてはFECを用い、正極合剤層中に添加するカップリング剤としてはアルミニウムビスエチルアセトアセテートモノアセチルアセトネートを用いた。
Claims (3)
- リチウム複合酸化物を正極活物質とする正極合剤層が形成された正極極板と、負極極板と、セパレータと、非水電解質とを備える非水系二次電池において、
前記正極活物質の平均粒径が4.5〜15.5μm、比表面積が0.13〜0.80m2/gであり、
前記正極合剤層がシランカップリング剤もしくは下記一般式(I)で表されるカップリング剤の少なくとも1種を前記正極活物質の質量に対して0.003質量%以上5質量%以下含有し、
前記非水電解質は、下記一般式(II)で表されるフッ素化環状炭酸エステルを非水電解質総質量に対して0.3質量%以上含有することを特徴とする非水系二次電池。
(ただし、MはAl、Ti、Zrから選択される1種であり、R1及びR2は炭素原子数1〜18のアルキル基又はアルコキシ基であり、nは1〜4の整数を表す。)
(ただし、X1〜X4はフッ素基、アルキル基あるいはフッ素化アルキル基であり、それらは互いに同一でもよいし異なってもよいが、それらのうちの少なくとも1つはフッ素基あるいはフッ素化アルキル基である。)。
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| US12/966,041 US8999589B2 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2010-12-13 | Nonaqueous secondary battery |
| KR1020100135733A KR20110088370A (ko) | 2010-01-27 | 2010-12-27 | 비수계 이차 전지 |
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| JP6051929B2 (ja) * | 2013-02-25 | 2016-12-27 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 二次電池電極形成用組成物、二次電池電極、及び二次電池 |
| JP6593773B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-28 | 2019-10-23 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 非水電解質電池用正極及び非水電解質電池 |
| RU2634181C1 (ru) | 2016-06-02 | 2017-10-24 | Акционерное общество "Лаборатория Касперского" | Система и способ обнаружения вредоносных компьютерных систем |
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| EP3913720B1 (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2024-09-04 | Ningde Amperex Technology Limited | Electrochemical device and electronic device comprising same |
| CN113611911B (zh) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-10-18 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | 一种锂离子电池 |
| CN114335727A (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种锂离子电池及其充电方法 |
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| JPH09199112A (ja) * | 1996-01-23 | 1997-07-31 | Sony Corp | 非水電解液二次電池 |
| JPH10149832A (ja) * | 1996-11-20 | 1998-06-02 | Sony Corp | 非水電解液二次電池 |
| KR20000062340A (ko) * | 1996-12-30 | 2000-10-25 | 리델-데 하엔 게엠베하 | 리튬 망간 산화물의 제조방법 |
| JP2002319405A (ja) | 2001-04-23 | 2002-10-31 | Toyota Motor Corp | リチウム二次電池 |
| JP2004265680A (ja) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-24 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水二次電池 |
| US20050214556A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-29 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd | Organic-inorganic composite composition, plastic substrate, gas barrier laminate film, and image display device |
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| KR100655225B1 (ko) * | 2005-01-24 | 2006-12-08 | 울산화학주식회사 | 4-플루오로에틸렌카보네이트의 제조방법 및 장치 |
| JP5085856B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-07 | 2012-11-28 | パナソニック株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP5128779B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-06 | 2013-01-23 | パナソニック株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP2007273123A (ja) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池とその製造方法 |
| JP5034300B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-10 | 2012-09-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極の製造方法およびそれらを用いた非水電解質二次電池 |
| CN101356671B (zh) * | 2006-06-09 | 2010-12-15 | Agc清美化学股份有限公司 | 非水电解质二次电池用正极活性物质及其制造方法 |
| JP5094230B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-29 | 2012-12-12 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2008123714A (ja) | 2006-11-08 | 2008-05-29 | Sony Corp | 電解液および電池 |
| JP2008235090A (ja) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-10-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびそれを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP2009301945A (ja) * | 2008-06-16 | 2009-12-24 | Panasonic Corp | 負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP5289091B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-16 | 2013-09-11 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
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| US20110183217A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
| CN102136600A (zh) | 2011-07-27 |
| KR20110088370A (ko) | 2011-08-03 |
| CN102136600B (zh) | 2014-11-05 |
| JP2011154879A (ja) | 2011-08-11 |
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