JP4758915B2 - 多重層リポソームおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
多重層リポソームおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4758915B2 JP4758915B2 JP2006553042A JP2006553042A JP4758915B2 JP 4758915 B2 JP4758915 B2 JP 4758915B2 JP 2006553042 A JP2006553042 A JP 2006553042A JP 2006553042 A JP2006553042 A JP 2006553042A JP 4758915 B2 JP4758915 B2 JP 4758915B2
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Description
本発明は、経皮吸収用多重層リポソームに関する。より具体的には、本発明は、スクアレン、ステロール、セラマイド、中性脂質または油、脂肪酸およびレシチンを含む油相成分の混合物を用いて製造され、粒子サイズが200〜5000nmであり、内部に生理活性有効成分を捕集することができる、経皮吸収用多重層リポソームおよびその製造方法に関する。
細胞水準における効能があると知られている物質を、複雑な構造を持つ皮膚に適用するとき、度々その効果が全く現れない場合が多いため、機能性化粧品または関連機能性原料を製造するには皮膚構造に対する理解を必要とする。実際、大部分の皮膚科学者と皮膚科医師も、試験管で効能を示す物質が人体では効能を示さない場合があることを経験的に知っている。このような根源的な理由は、皮膚細胞の構造とこれを構成する皮膚細胞の存在様相により、有効成分が皮膚細胞に到達する場合にのみ効果を期待することができるためである。
本発明は、上述したような従来の問題点を解決するためのもので、その目的は、皮膚浸透能に優れ、封入された生理活性有効成分の含量が高く、封入された有効成分の安定性が増進するうえ、製造工程が簡単であって製造コストが低い、経皮吸収用多重層リポソームを提供することにある。
一つの様態において、本発明は、スクアレン、ステロール、セラマイド、中性脂質または油、脂肪酸およびレシチンを含む油相成分の混合物を用いて製造され、粒子サイズが200〜5000nmであり、内部に生理活性有効成分を捕集することができる、経皮吸収用多重層リポソームに関する。
<実施例1>一般ホモミキサーを用いた多重層リポソームの製造
本発明に係る製造方法は、比較的短時間内に特殊機器、例えばマイクロフルイダイザーなどの高圧ホモジナイザーの助けなしに一般的に用いられる低速ホモジナイザーを用いて製造可能である。本発明の多重層リポソームは、次の順序とおりに製造した。
韓国公開特許第10−2004−0012113号に提示された方法によって製造した。但し、比較試験のために、前記特許で提示された有効成分であるアルブチンの代わりに、本発明で指標物質として用いるためのアデノシンを有効成分として使用した。
成分 %
植物性スクアレン 6.0
フェニルトリメチコン 3.0
シクロペンタシロキサン 2.0
メドウフォームシードオイル 0.1
酢酸トコフェリル 0.1
グリセリン 4.0
アデノシン 0.04
3ナトリウムEDTA 0.01
ジプロピレングリコール 5.0
水添レシチン 1.0
エタノール 3.0
防腐剤 適量
香 適量
色素 適量
精製水 Up to 100ml
米国特許第4761288号の実施例1に提示された方法によって製造した。但し、比較試験のために、前記特許で提示された有効成分であるミノキシジル(Minoxidil)の代わりに、本発明で指標物質として用いるためのアデノシンを有効成分として使用した。
成分
ジ−アルファジパルミトイルホスファチジルコリン 400mg
コレステロール 200mg
アデノシン 40mg
エタノール 1ml
プロピレングリコール 0.7ml
塩化カルシウム(8mM) 8.3ml
韓国登録特許第10−0222000号の実施例1に提示された方法によって製造した。但し、添加剤としてアデノシンを代替して添加した。
成分 %
ステアリン酸ポリオキシエチレン 3.15
ポリオキシエチレンジヒドロキシステアレート 0.64
ヘプタメチルノナン 5.00
酢酸トコフェロール 0.50
高級アルコール 1.50
高級脂肪酸 1.50
マイクロクリスタリンワックス 0.50
脂肪酸グリセリド 6.00
精製水 10.00
ブチレングリコール 1.50
濃グリセリン 2.00
防腐剤 0.40
尿素 0.30
リン脂質 0.50
精製水 56.61
合成香料 0.20
アデノシン 0.04
シリコンオイル 1.00
1995年に韓国で発行された化粧品学会誌第21−1号(38巻)にキムインヨン等によって発表された論文に提示された方法によって製造した。有効成分として水層にアデノシンを添加して使用した。
成分 %
脂質 15.0〜20.0
プロピレングリコール 5.0
リン酸セチル 0.5
精製水 適量
リンゴ酸 1.0
酒石酸 1.0
乳酸 1.0
精製水 Up to 100
前記実施例1及び比較例1〜4で製造されたリポソームに対して粒子測定器(Particle size analyzer)(Model 370 Nicomp社、米国)を用いて各試料別に3回ずつ乳化粒子のサイズを測定し、その結果の平均値と600X倍率の顕微鏡の下で観察された結果を下記表2に示した。
試験例1、比較例1、2、3および4から得られた粒子サイズを相対湿度70%+/−5、温度25℃に調節される恒温器内に保管して安定度を考察した結果をまとめて表3に示した。表3において、リポソーム粒子のサイズは全てnmで示す。
本発明の試験例1、比較例3および4を用いて経皮吸収程度を試験した。経皮吸収は、毛を除去したギニアピッグ(Jackson Laboratories)皮膚を対象としてフランツ透過セル(PermeGear,Inc.)を用いて測定した。試験の直前、毛を除去したギニアピッグの腹部の皮膚を採取し、平方1cm2の面積に切断した後、これを透過鏡直径0.9cmの透過セルに装着し、クランプで固定した。皮膚の一側面(ドナー容器)は前記比較例3、4及び試験例1のリポソームを0.5mL入れた。皮膚の反対側面(レセプター容器)は、精製水とエタノールが4:1の重量比で混合された溶媒と接触するようにした。試験時の温度は、実際皮膚温度32℃を維持した。試験の開始後、一定の時間間隔で溶媒の一部を採取した後、皮膚を通過したアデノシンの量を測定し、塗布濃度当たり皮膚吸収量(μg/cm2/重量%)で示し、その結果を下記表4に示した。
[ガスクロマトグラフィー方法]
注入器:分割比1:50
検出器:FID(Flame Ionization Detector)
カラム:30m DBWAX 0.25mm LD
カラムの圧力:10psi
注入器の温度:250℃
検出器の温度:250℃
オーブン温度プログラム
開始:200℃
加熱速度:4℃/分、250℃まで
[高速液体クロマトグラフィー方法]
機器:Dionex P530 pump、ASI−100 automated sample injector
カラム:Phonomenex Luna 5u(C18(2))、150×4.6mm
移動相:10mM KH2PO4:water=92:8(0〜6.5min)−40:60(7.5〜12min)−92:8(12.5〜15min)gradient system
流速:0.6mL/min
検出器:UV/Vis Detector UVD 340S 260nm
注入体積:10μL
稼働時間:25min
人を相手とした刺激試験としてパッチテスト(patch test)を行って刺激有無を判断し、刺激があればどの程度であるか、他の鎮静成分で緩和可能なのかを点検した。試験は、臨床専門機関であるDermapro(株)で行い、少なくとも30名の人員が参加した。その試験結果に基づき、化粧品原料として不適な場合は脱落させた。貼布部位は、ヒトの上背部(正中線の部分は除外)または前腕部など人体使用試験の評価に適正な部位を閉鎖貼布した。原則的に、貼布48時間後にパッチを除去し、除去による一過性紅斑の消失を待った後観測して判定した。判定は、皮膚科専門医5年以上同種業界の専門従事者の責任の下に行われた。
± 擬陽性
1+ 弱陽性(非水泡性)
2+ 強陽性(水泡性)
3+ 超強陽性
4+ 刺激性
人体安定性試験の結果、本発明の多重層リポソームは、72時間経過後にも皮膚に刺激を誘発しない優れた安全性があると立証された(表5)。
本発明によって提供される多重層リポソームは、単一層リポソームに比べて有効成分の封入量が多く、構造的に封入された有効成分が安定であるうえ、高圧ホモジナイザーではなく一般的に利用可能なホモミキサーを用いて製造可能であって製造工程が簡単で経済的であり、皮膚角質細胞間隙より大きいサイズに製造され、ナノサイズの単一膜リポソームに比べて細胞間隙通過の際に周囲細胞に対する張力から外れて真皮層まで浸透できるため、生理活性有効成分の経皮吸収を促進させることに利用できる。
Claims (8)
- スクアレン、ステロール、セラマイド、中性脂質または油、脂肪酸およびレシチンを含む油相成分の混合物を用いて製造され、リポソーム全体重量を基準としてスクアレンが0.1〜10.0重量%、ステロールが0.1〜5.0重量%、セラマイドが0.1〜10重量%、中性脂質または油が0.1〜20.0重量%、脂肪酸が0.1〜20.0重量%、レシチンが0.1〜5.0重量%含有され、製造された粒子のサイズが800〜1000nmである、内部に生理活性有効成分を捕集することができる経皮吸収用多重層リポソーム。
- (a)スクアレン、ステロール、セラマイド、中性脂質または油、脂肪酸およびレシチンを含む油相成分を50℃〜75℃に加温して溶解させる段階と、(b)水相成分を50℃〜75℃に加温して溶解させる段階と、(c)前記(a)段階及び(b)段階で溶解された成分を混合して500〜9000rpmの速度で攪拌し、粒子サイズ800〜1000nmの多重層リポソームを形成させる段階とを含む、経皮吸収用多重層リポソームの製造方法。
- 前記リポソームの全体重量を基準とし、スクアレンが0.1〜10.0重量%、ステロールが0.1〜5.0重量%、セラマイドが0.1〜10重量%、中性脂質または油が0.1〜20.0重量%、脂肪酸が0.1〜20.0重量%、レシチンが0.1〜5.0重量%である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 攪拌速度が2000〜4000rpmである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記多重層リポソームを高圧ホモジナイザーを通過させて2次的に粉砕および混合する段階をさらに含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法によって製造された経皮吸収用多重層リポソーム。
- 請求項1または6に記載の多重層リポソームに生理活性有効成分が捕集された経皮吸収用組成物。
- 生理活性有効成分がタンパク質、ペプチド、核酸、天然抽出物、合成化合物、糖、ビタミンまたは無機質である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
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| JPH1043578A (ja) * | 1996-07-30 | 1998-02-17 | Lion Corp | 小胞体分散液の製造方法 |
| KR20010083712A (ko) * | 2000-02-21 | 2001-09-01 | 김상회 | 리포좀 화장료 조성물 및 이를 제조하는 방법 |
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| JP2003212776A (ja) * | 2002-01-05 | 2003-07-30 | Pacific Corp | 人参サポニン代謝産物を有効成分とする微細乳化粒子及びその製造方法、並びにこれを含有する皮膚老化防止用の化粧料組成物 |
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| WO2005097069A1 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2005-10-20 | Stiefel Laboratories, Inc. | Topical skin protectant cosmetic compositions |
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- 2004-08-06 JP JP2006553042A patent/JP4758915B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-08-06 US US10/579,163 patent/US20070082042A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-08-06 EP EP04748522A patent/EP1773298A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-08-06 WO PCT/KR2004/001989 patent/WO2006014035A1/en not_active Ceased
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| JPH06502158A (ja) * | 1990-10-17 | 1994-03-10 | ピエール・ファーブル・コスメティーク | Dnaゲル中に安定化された温泉水のリポソーム |
| JPH08509202A (ja) * | 1992-07-08 | 1996-10-01 | ディアノルム―ゲレーテ・ゲー・マイエルホファー・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | リポソーム、それを調製する方法及び薬調製におけるその用途 |
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| KR20010083712A (ko) * | 2000-02-21 | 2001-09-01 | 김상회 | 리포좀 화장료 조성물 및 이를 제조하는 방법 |
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| KR20040027829A (ko) * | 2004-03-11 | 2004-04-01 | 더미스킨(주) | 천연물 함유 나노 리포좀 조성물 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070082042A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
| JP2007522205A (ja) | 2007-08-09 |
| EP1773298A1 (en) | 2007-04-18 |
| WO2006014035A1 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
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