JP4038186B2 - Wood chip orientation laminating equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for orienting and laminating wood chips when a high-strength wood-based composite material is obtained by press-molding an elongated wood chip together with a binder.

  The wood chip mixed with the binder is aligned in the same direction as the fiber direction of the wood chip (the high strength direction of the anisotropic material), that is, oriented to form a wood-based mat, which is pressurized or heated. It is known that a molded plate obtained by fixing and molding through a process or the like has dramatically improved the mechanical strength and physical strength in the fiber direction. LSL (Laminated Strand Lumber) And PSL (Parallel Strand Lumber) that can be used as structural materials exist.

  As an orientation laminating device for wood chips, various devices have been devised in which wood pieces are naturally dropped and passed between orientation plates for orientation. For example, a device that orients wooden chips by arranging a plurality of disks on the same axis at regular intervals, and passing the wooden chips between the disks while rotating the disks, or a plurality of disks arranged in parallel There are some which are oriented by passing wood chips between plates which reciprocate in opposite directions.

  In these devices, some wooden pieces supplied by natural fall are not sufficiently oriented, and as a device for reducing this, for example, “conveyance disposed below from the supply position of wood chips” A substrate with side walls attached to both sides is arranged with an arbitrary inclination angle toward the conveyor, and a lower cross-section is formed in a concavo-convex shape continuous in a width direction perpendicular to the inclination direction of the substrate. There has been proposed a wood chip orientation device characterized in that the concavo-convex shape extends in parallel with the tilt direction of the substrate and further imparts vibration to the substrate (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .

  In the device of Patent Document 1, the dropped wood chip (corresponding to the wood chip in the present invention) is in an omnidirectional state at the aerial position immediately after being dropped. Since it is dispersed and dropped in the recesses and receives the vibration of the substrate, in the initial stage, the alignment action in the tilt direction of the substrate, that is, the transport direction is started.

  In other words, when a wooden piece enters the concave portion of the substrate having an uneven shape, it is received by the wall surface of the concave portion, that is, a curved surface or a triangular inclined surface in the wave shape, and the wooden piece is long due to the vibration of the substrate. It will be subjected to the action of following the vertical direction parallel to the surface of the recess. Therefore, even if the wood chip is supplied to the recess in a non-oriented state, it is oriented in the recess. Also, when the wood chip hits the convex part of the substrate, as a reaction of collision, the wood chip in the acute angle direction formed by the longitudinal direction of the convex part and the longitudinal direction of the wooden chip, that is, the direction parallel to the convex part The moment that tries to rotate is working. Therefore, the length direction of the wood chip subjected to the moment to rotate is conveyed and oriented by vibration in the tilt direction of the substrate while being regulated by other adjacent wood chips.

Separately, “a wood chip board that is formed by dropping a mixture of wood strips and a binder from a plurality of parallel slit plates and sequentially depositing them on a coal board, followed by pressure molding In the method for producing a body, among the slit plates, a desired interval between the slit plates is arranged so that it is less than or equal to half the average length of the wood strips, while the other opposing slit plates A piece of wood characterized in that the spacing is set to be equal to or greater than the average length of the strip of wood, and the strip of wood is dropped from between the slit plates to form an oriented portion and a non-oriented portion. A method for manufacturing a plate-like body is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  In this manufacturing method, slit plates having different intervals are combined, a lower end side is arranged with a gap between the upper surface of the transport device, and the strips of wood are deposited by passing the strips between the slit plates. In addition to forming portions with different orientations in the object, the slit plate reciprocates in the plate surface direction, that is, reciprocates in the horizontal direction, thereby preventing clogging of the wood strips when dropped.

  Furthermore, in the wood flake orientation apparatus that orients the wood flakes by passing between the orientation blades arranged side by side with a predetermined pitch of the orientation machine, an orientation assisting device in which auxiliary blades are arranged in parallel at a predetermined pitch is arranged directly below the orientation machine. There is known a wood flake orientation device characterized in that "see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-33095".

  This orienting machine has an auxiliary orientation blade placed on the conveyor that is sent out to the lower stage, and by passing the upper orientation blade, the adjacent orientation blades are reciprocated up and down alternately while orienting the wood flakes. The wood flakes are prevented from being clogged between the orientation blades, and the wood flakes whose orientation is disturbed in the middle of dropping are laminated while being oriented again by the lower auxiliary orientation blade. The reason for reciprocating is the same as in Patent Document 2.

JP 59-48324 A Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 4-16046 JP 10-34615 A

  In the device of Patent Document 1, the wood chips (wood chips) dropped in the recesses of the orientation device are well oriented, but the next wood chips are sequentially dropped and stacked from above the oriented wood chips. The wood chips stacked in the recesses move downward along the inclination on the substrate by vibration applied to the device.

  However, the bottom surface of the laminated wood chips is in contact with the device substrate, and the side surface is in contact with the side wall of the device recess. Therefore, in order for the stacked wood chips to move, the bottom and side surfaces need a driving force against the frictional resistance received from the substrate or the side wall. It is difficult to obtain the propulsive force necessary for the progress only by jumping into the air instantaneously, and therefore there is a problem that the thickness of the stack cannot be increased. Therefore, for example, in order to obtain a thick wood-based composite material with an elongated wood chip, it is difficult to laminate a laminated wood chip thickly, and as a result, a thick composite material can be obtained. There is a problem that it is difficult.

  In Patent Document 2, the orientation device prevents clogging at the time of dropping by alternately reciprocating a plurality of plates in the horizontal direction. However, in this aligning device, when the plate is alternately reciprocated in the horizontal direction, the lower end of the aligning device and the upper surface of the conveying device are prevented so that the laminated mat laminated by friction with the lower end of the plate does not crack. A fairly large gap is formed between the two. However, if a large gap as described above is provided, in the case of a wood chip piece with a short length, the orientation of the wood chip piece is disturbed while falling from the lower end of the plate until it reaches the upper surface of the transport device, and in this state There is a risk of being stacked.

In Patent Document 3, the orientation device orients the wood flakes (wood chips) when passing through the upper orientation blade, but it is oriented while preventing clogging by vibrating the adjacent orientation blades in the vertical direction, It is dropped and stacked on the delivery conveyor. However, the orientation of the wood chips is disturbed when dropped, so an auxiliary orientation blade is placed on the conveyor and dropped and laminated, but when this auxiliary orientation blade is thickened, its friction increases, There is a problem that things break.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, aligns the long wooden chips mixed or adhered with the binder substantially in the length direction, and smoothly forms a thick wooden mat on the transport table. It was made for the purpose of providing an apparatus capable of stacking.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a wood chip orientation laminating apparatus (invention 1) mixed with a binder according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a wood chip supply means mixed with a binder, and the supply means. Orienting means for orienting the wood chips mixed with the binder supplied from the substrate, and the wood chips mixed with the binder are laminated in a mat shape on the top surface in an oriented state through the orienting means. An apparatus for orienting and laminating a wood chip mixed with a binder, comprising conveying means for conveying a mat, wherein the orienting means conveys the laminated mat by a conveying means so as to form an alignment gap therebetween. In addition to having a plurality of orientation plates standing substantially parallel to the direction, the orientation plate is provided with vibration imparting means for applying vibrations obliquely forward and upward in the transport direction of the transport means.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an orientation laminating apparatus (invention 2) for a wood chip mixed with a binder, wherein the vibration applying means has an elevation angle of 15 ° to 75 ° with respect to the conveying direction of the conveying means. An orientation laminating device for a wood chip mixed with a binder, characterized in that it imparts vibration to the conveying means at an angle.

  The wood chip orientation laminating apparatus (invention 3) mixed with the binder according to claim 3 of the present invention comprises a wood chip supply means mixed with a binder and a binder supplied from the supply means. Orientation means for orienting the formed wood chips and transport means for transporting the laminated mats while the wood chips mixed with the binder are laminated on the upper surface in an oriented state through the orientation means. An apparatus for orienting and laminating wood chips mixed with a binder, wherein the orienting means is erected substantially parallel to the conveying direction of the laminated mat by the conveying means so as to form an alignment gap therebetween. A plurality of alignment plates, the upper end edges of these alignment plates being inclined, and vibration imparting means for imparting vibrations to the alignment plates.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wood chip orientation laminating apparatus (invention 4) in which a binder is mixed, and a wood chip supply means in which a binder is mixed and a binder supplied from the supply means. Orientation means for orienting the formed wood chips and transport means for transporting the laminated mats while the wood chips mixed with the binder are laminated on the upper surface in an oriented state through the orientation means. An apparatus for orienting and laminating wood chips mixed with a binder, wherein the orienting means is erected substantially parallel to the conveying direction of the laminated mat by the conveying means so as to form an alignment gap therebetween. A plurality of alignment plates, and the gap between the lower ends of these alignment plates and the conveying means is increased stepwise or steplessly forward in the conveying direction of the conveying means, and the alignment plates are vibrated. Grant Characterized in that it comprises a vibrating means that.

  The wood chip orientation laminating apparatus (invention 5) mixed with the binder according to claim 5 of the present invention has a gap between the lower end of the orientation plate and the conveying means in any of inventions 1 to 4. The gap is formed so that the lower end of the orientation plate does not come into contact with the transport device due to vibration, and the wood chip mixed with the binder cannot be passed at least at the upstream end of the transport device. Features.

A wood chip orientation laminating device (invention 6) in which the binder according to claim 6 of the present invention is mixed,
A wood chip supply means mixed with a binder, an orientation means for orienting a wood chip mixed with a binder supplied from the supply means, and a wood chip mixed with a binder oriented through the orientation means An apparatus for orienting and laminating a wood chip mixed with a binder, which is laminated in the form of a mat on the upper surface and having conveying means for conveying the laminated laminated mat, and the orienting means orienting between them A plurality of alignment plates erected substantially in parallel with the transport direction of the laminate mat transport means so as to form a gap for use, and provided with vibration applying means for applying vibration to the alignment plates, There is a gap between the lower end and the conveying means. This gap is at least the upstream end of the conveying apparatus, and the lower end of the alignment plate does not come into contact with the conveying apparatus due to the vibration applied by the vibration applying means. Agent, characterized in that the wood chips that are mixed are formed into a non-passing size.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for orienting and stacking wood chips mixed with a binder (invention 7), wherein the wood chips mixed with a binder supplied from a supply means are arranged in parallel with the transport direction of the transport means. A method for orienting and laminating a wood chip mixed with a binder for laminating in an oriented state on the conveying means while orienting through an alignment gap formed between the alignment plates of a plurality of arranged alignment plates. The orientation plate is vibrated in a state where the lower end of the orientation plate does not come into contact with the transport device due to vibration at the upstream end of the device and a wood chip mixed with a binder is formed in a gap that cannot pass. It is characterized by making it.

  In the present invention, the wood chip species used mainly include conifers such as cedar, cypress, spruce, fur, and radiatapine, broadleaf trees such as birch, apiton, chamelere, sengonlaut, and aspen. Not only plant materials that are produced, but also plant materials that are produced outside forests, such as bamboo and gorilla, can be included.

  Forms that can be used as raw materials are not particularly limited, but include, for example, the above logs of logs, raw materials such as thinned wood, scraps generated at factories and residential construction sites, waste pallet materials discarded after transportation of materials, and construction Examples include demolition waste materials generated during dismantling.

  The processing method for converting the raw material into a wood chip is a method of cutting a veneer processed by a rotary cutter into a chopsticks shape to make a stick, a method of cutting a log with a rotary blade of a flaker into a strand, a uniaxial crusher A method of crushing wood by rotating a roll with a blade on its surface can be used. If the wood chips crushed as described above are uneven in thickness, they are classified into a certain range of wood chips as needed. Although it will not specifically limit if it can classify, For example, the method of classifying using classifiers, such as a wave roller system, is mentioned. The wave roller type classifier is a device that performs continuous classification based on the thickness of the chip.

In the present invention, the wood chip mixed with the binder is usually one that is applied and sprayed before lamination to adhere the binder to the wood chip or in a state where the binder and the wood chip are mixed. .
Examples of the binder include phenol resin, urea resin, isocyanate, and the like, adhesives for the wood industry used for plywood and particle board, and these binders may be used alone or in combination of several kinds. In addition, the binder may be in a liquid or powder form, but in the case of a liquid, it is generally sprayed onto a wooden chip, or is stirred and mixed with a wooden chip and supplied to the orientation laminating apparatus in a state of being supported on the wooden chip in advance, In the case of powder, it is generally supplied to the orientation laminating apparatus in a state of being uniformly mixed with the wood chip.

Further, the wood chip preferably has a constant moisture content. By making the moisture content constant, the quality variation of the wood-based composite material during production is eliminated. A preferable water content is 0 to 30%. As a method for keeping the moisture content constant, for example, there is a method in which a wood chip is left in a temperature-controlled oven for a certain time. Incidentally, when left in an oven at 50 ° C. for 24 hours, the water content is maintained at about 5%.

The wood chip has an elongated shape. That is, it is a chip in which the fiber direction of the tree is the same direction as the length direction, and the thickness and width are both 0.1 mm or more and there is no upper limit, but the thickness of the woody composite material to be manufactured It is preferable to set it to 1/5 or less. The length is preferably at least 5 times the dimension of the larger width or thickness. However, in order to improve the appearance of the product, a wood chip of 0.1 mm or less may be arranged on the surface side.
The wood laminate mat obtained by the oriented laminating apparatus and the oriented laminating method of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is a wood based composite material suitable as a structural material or furniture material by performing at least one of heating and pressing in the laminated state. However, the obtained wood-based composite material is preferably subjected to annealing treatment, cutting, and sanding processing in order to improve the dimensional accuracy and surface properties after molding.

  In the present invention, the orientation refers to a state where an average value (also referred to as an average orientation angle) of an angle formed by the direction of the reference line and the long axis direction of the wood chip is within a range of ± 25 degrees. In other words, the wood chips can be almost aligned in the length direction when passing through the alignment gap, but if the average orientation angle exceeds 25 °, the orientation is insufficient and a wood composite material having the required strength can be obtained. There is a risk of disappearing.

The direction of the reference line refers to a direction along the transport direction, and coincides with the length direction of the obtained wood-based composite material.
The average orientation angle can be calculated by taking an image of the surface state after stacking the wooden chips, measuring the angle formed by the long axis direction of the elongated wooden chip and the reference line, and averaging the measured values.

Examples of the conveying means include a belt conveyor or a call board placed on a belt conveyor or a roller conveyor. Further, the wood laminate mat laminated on the conveying means is usually conveyed to the press machine by the conveying means. And it presses or heat-molds with a press apparatus, and the wood type composite material of desired thickness is formed.
The heating method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of transferring heat from the surface of the wood chip to the inside by a heat transfer like a hot plate, and a method of directly heating the inside such as steam injection or high frequency heating. It is done. The coal plate is a metal plate of a predetermined size such as stainless steel, iron, aluminum, etc., on which a wood chip that is oriented and laminated is placed and a wood laminate mat is conveyed.

The orientation means is not particularly limited, but it is desirable that a plurality of orientation plates form an equally spaced orientation gap between adjacent orientation plates, and all the orientation plates are connected to each other. It is preferable to vibrate integrally (described later).
The method for connecting the alignment plates is not particularly limited, but must be a method that does not prevent the wood chips from falling in the alignment gap. For example, as an example, there may be mentioned a method of connecting the upstream upper end or the downstream upper end of the alignment plate constituting the alignment means by welding a metal plate such as a strip-shaped iron plate.

In order to obtain a high-strength wood composite material, there is a more preferable relationship between the size (width) of the orientation gap and the thickness of the wood chip. For example, the thickness of the wood chip is 1 mm to 11 mm. In this case, the alignment gap is preferably 20 mm to 40 mm. When the thickness of the wood chip is 3 mm to 5 mm, the alignment gap is preferably 15 mm to 30 mm. That is, if the size of the alignment gap becomes non-uniform beyond this range, the strength of the obtained wood-based composite material may vary. If the average orientation angle is to be made smaller, the orientation gap may be made smaller. However, although depending on the aspect ratio of the wood chip, if the gap for orientation is 15 mm or less, a wood laminate mat having an average orientation angle within ± 10 ° can be obtained, but the wood chip is clogged in the gap for orientation. It becomes easy.

  In order to obtain a wood-based composite material having uniform physical properties, it is desirable that the alignment gaps be equally spaced. If all the orientation gaps have the same size, the degree of orientation of the wood chips for each orientation gap becomes substantially the same, and therefore the effect of reducing the strength variation of the obtained wood-based composite material is increased.

  The orientation laminating apparatus is provided with vibration applying means for applying vibration to the alignment plate, but the attaching method of the vibration applying means is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the insertion of the wood chip. For example, when a plurality of alignment plates as described above are connected by a metal plate or the like, it is preferable that the alignment plates are attached to the metal plate or attached to the outermost alignment plate. Further, the vibration applying means is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the vibration, the vibration frequency, or the vibration direction is variable and the optimum vibration condition can be selected according to the situation.

The vibration amplitude or frequency applied by the vibration applying means is such that when the wood chip falls in the alignment gap, and after being dropped and oriented and stacked on the transport device, it slides and dances again. As long as the orientation of the wood chip is not disturbed, the orientation may be appropriately selected and determined according to the amount, properties, size, and the like of the wood chips to be supplied.
The vibration direction is a direction in which the wood chip is desired to be conveyed, and the vibration is vibrated obliquely upward from the horizontal direction. When the alignment plates connected by the vibration of the alignment plates vibrate, and the wood chips elongated with wood binder mixed with the binder are introduced into the alignment gaps from the upper front side along the traveling direction of the transport device, The wood chip laid over the alignment plate slides on the upper edge of the alignment plate and moves in the conveying direction while flapping, and at the same time, the center of gravity shifts and falls off the upper edge of the alignment plate. It falls in the gap for orientation between the two, and is laminated on the conveying device through this gap for orientation.

  The wood chips that have fallen into the alignment gap fall while the length direction thereof is regulated by the alignment plate that forms the alignment gap, and are aligned in a state in which the length direction is substantially aligned along the transport direction. In other words, the wood chip falling into the alignment gap and in contact with the alignment plate is moved by vibration due to friction with the alignment plate when the alignment plate is vibrated, and its posture can be easily changed. Therefore, the orientation is easily performed. Furthermore, by receiving vibration, the wood chip whose length direction is oriented in the vertical direction is likely to fall down in the horizontal direction, and the friction force between adjacent wood chips is also reduced, and the wood chips are caused by each other. Bridging is unlikely to occur and orientation is facilitated.

  In addition, if the alignment plate is not vibrated, the wood chips that fall on the transport device through the alignment gap and are oriented and laminated may be clogged by friction with the orientation plate. The cracks may become discontinuous and the stacking thickness may not be increased. However, by applying vibration, the friction between the wood chip and the orientation plate is reduced, which can be prevented.

  Even when the long wooden chips are stacked, if the vibration is received from the alignment plate, the posture may change and the alignment may proceed. That is, at the moment when the wood chip floats slightly in the air due to vibration, it collides with the adjacent slender wood chip at the top, bottom, left or right or front and back, and the two wood chips that collide with each other seem to have their major axis aligned. You may change your posture. When this is repeated, the wood chips may be gradually aligned in the long axis direction.

In the alignment laminating apparatus of the invention 1 or 2, the vibration applying means applies vibration to the alignment plate obliquely upward in the conveying direction of the conveying means. For example, at a conveying speed of 0.2 to 3 m / min, When obtaining a wood laminate mat having an average orientation angle (an average value of the angle between the major axis direction of the wood chip and the transport direction of the wood laminate mat) of 10 to 25 ° and a laminate height of 30 to 100 mm, the vibration angle As in the second aspect, it is preferable that the elevation angle is about 15 ° to 75 ° toward the conveyance direction of the conveyance means.
That is, when the vibration direction is less than 15 ° or exceeds 75 °, the wood chip may be easily clogged in the alignment gap as the stacking height is increased.

  In the orientation laminating apparatus of the invention 3, the orientation means has a plurality of orientation plates erected in parallel so as to be substantially parallel to the transport direction by the transport means of the laminated mat, and the upper edge of the orientation plate is inclined. Yes. That is, the slender wooden chip laid on the alignment plate becomes easy to slide along the inclination of the upper edge of the alignment plate due to the vibration of the alignment plate, partly falls in the alignment gap, and partly below the inclination It moves along the upper edge of the orientation plate while sliding or moving toward it. Therefore, it is not hindered that the wooden chips to be input next fall smoothly into the alignment gap, so that the wooden chips are more easily and smoothly oriented and laminated on the conveying means. The inclination is provided for the purpose of preventing the fallen wooden chip from staying in the same place on the upper edge of the alignment plate and colliding with the next falling wooden chip to prevent the fall. Further, by vibrating the alignment plate, the wood chip placed on the upper end side of the alignment plate becomes slippery and changes its position.

  In the orientation laminating apparatus of the invention 3 as well, it is preferable to apply vibration to the orientation plate diagonally forward in the transport direction of the transport means. And, when vibration is applied to the orientation plate diagonally forward and forward in the transport direction of the transport means, in particular, the force to fly the wood chip in the same direction is applied, so the inclination of the upper edge of the orientation plate does not hinder the movement of the wood chip Is preferably a downward slope toward the downstream side in the transport direction of the transport means, but the wood chip only needs to change its position. As long as it falls along the gradient by vibration, there is no problem.

The orientation laminating apparatus according to the invention 5, the invention 6 and the orientation laminating method according to the invention 7 have a gap between the lower end of the alignment plate and the conveying means, and the lower end of the alignment plate does not contact the conveying device due to vibration. The wood chip mixed with the binder is formed in such a size that it cannot pass through at least the upstream end of the transport device.
In addition, the wood chips that are classified and have their thickness and length averaged to some extent are used, but some wood chips that are thinner or finer than the standard are also included. There is a case. Therefore, the “size in which a wood chip cannot pass” in the present invention does not mean that a wood chip having a thickness thinner than the reference or a fine wood chip cannot pass.

  That is, although depending on the amplitude of the vibration of the alignment plate, the lower end of the alignment plate of the alignment device closest to the upper surface of the conveying means is usually about 1 to 5 mm. If it is narrower than 1 mm, the upper surface of the conveying means and the lower end of the aligning plate may come into contact with each other due to the vibration of the alignment plate, and the conveying means may be damaged. Moreover, since the direction of the wood chip is not regulated by the orientation plate in the portion (corresponding to the bottom surface of the product), there is a possibility that the orientation is disturbed by the rotational moment generated at the time of dropping. Note that, on the downstream side in the transport direction of the transport device, the wood chips are stacked on the wood chips stacked on the upstream side, so the gap may be 5 mm or more.

Since the orientation laminating apparatus according to the first or second aspect of the present invention has a structure in which there is no bottom plate in the orientation gap formed between the orientation plates, the wood chip put into the orientation gap is directly It falls on the conveying device and is conveyed while being oriented and laminated. When the orientation plate is vibrated obliquely upward in the transport direction of the transport device, the friction resistance between the wood chip and the orientation plate is reduced, and the orientation of the wood laminate mat is maintained even when a large amount of wood chips are laminated. It can be conveyed without being disturbed, and a thick wood chip laminated mat required for obtaining a thick wood composite material can be obtained smoothly and continuously. Therefore, if a pressing device capable of continuously press-molding the wood laminate mat is arranged following this oriented layering device, a wood-based composite material that can be used as a structural material can be obtained continuously. That is, the productivity of the wood composite material can be improved.

  In the invention 3, since the upper end sides of the plurality of alignment plates are inclined along the transport direction, the inserted wood chip does not stagnate at the upper end edge of the alignment plate and does not prevent the smooth fall in the gap. The wood chips are more easily and uniformly oriented and laminated on the transport device.

  In the invention 4, there is a gap between the upper surface of the conveying device and the lower end of the connected plate, and this gap is gradually increased in the conveying direction. This is not continuous, even if it is stepped. Therefore, even if a part of the wood chip is sandwiched between the gaps, the wood chip becomes easier to come off along with the movement of the transport device and is less likely to be clogged. , The fear of getting further reduced. Also, in the orientation device, when the wood chips are gradually stacked along the transport direction of the transport device, if the position of the lower end of the connected orientation plate is raised according to the stacking height, that is, If the gap is gradually widened so that the point of lamination is located above the lower end of the orientation plate, excluding a predetermined gap between the lowermost part of the connected orientation plates and the upper surface of the conveying device, The wood chips are held in the alignment gap between the alignment plates at the point (height) where they are formed, and the alignment is not disturbed, and they are connected even if the stack height is increased by stacking It is possible to smoothly align and laminate without increasing the frictional surface with the alignment plate, that is, facilitating. Therefore, it is possible to stack the wooden mats with a higher stacking height and without clogging in the alignment gap.

  The orientation laminating apparatus according to the invention 5, the invention 6 and the orientation laminating method according to the invention 7 have a gap between the lower end of the alignment plate and the conveying means, and the lower end of the alignment plate does not contact the conveying device due to vibration. Since the wood chip mixed with the binder is formed at a size that cannot pass through at least the upstream end of the transport device, the orientation plate hits the transport means due to vibration, damages the transport means, The wood chip does not spill from the gap with the conveying means, and the orientation does not spill. Of course, since the alignment plate vibrates, the wood chip does not become clogged in the alignment gap. Therefore, a wood laminated mat with a thick wood chip can be obtained smoothly and continuously.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a wood chip orientation device of the present invention.

  The orientation laminating apparatus 1 of the present invention comprises a wood chip supply device 2, an orientation device 3 as orientation means, and a belt conveyor 6 as transport means. A plurality of orientation devices 3 (in this embodiment, seven metal orientation plates 31, 32,..., 37 are erected in parallel along the transport direction, and the orientation plates 31 (32,..., 36) and An alignment gap 41 (42,... 46) is formed between the alignment plates 32 (33,..., 37) The ends of the plurality of alignment plates 31, 32,. The metal plate 51 is connected by welding, and a vibration applying device 5 as vibration applying means is connected to the metal plate 51.

The upper end edges of the alignment plates 31, 32,..., 37 are inclined to be gradually lowered toward the transport direction. Further, a gap is provided between the lower ends of the orientation plates 31, 32,..., 37 and the upper surface of the belt conveyor 6. This gap is such that the lower ends of the orientation plates 31, 32,... 37 are the upper surface of the belt conveyor 6 even when the orientation plates 31, 32,. .., 37 at least on the upstream side in the conveying direction of the orientation plates 31,... 6 The size is such that it does not spill out. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the gap K between the orientation plates 32, 33,..., 36 and the belt conveyor 6 excluding the orientation plates 31 and 37 at both ends in the width direction is at least an end portion on the upstream side in the transport direction. The gap k1 is such a size that the wood chip P does not spill out of the belt conveyor 6, and gradually increases toward the downstream side in the transport direction. Further, the orientation plates 31 and 37 at both ends in the width direction have the same gap K between the lower end and the belt conveyor 6 from upstream to downstream in the transport direction, and are laminated mats on the belt conveyor 6 by vibrations or the like. Is designed to prevent crumble.

  The vibration applying device 5 as the vibration applying means is a support unit that supports the vibrator 52 and the entire alignment layering device 1 on a metal plate 51 provided across the two alignment plates 31 and 37 on both sides of the alignment device 3. And a spring 53 supported by 54. In the case of this oriented laminating apparatus 1, the springs 53 are provided at the four corners of the oriented laminating apparatus 1, but the number and supporting positions or supporting methods are not particularly limited, and the oriented laminating apparatus is stable. Any method can be used as long as it is designed to vibrate, and it is only necessary to select a suitable method according to the situation depending on the weight, size, or center of gravity position of the device. .

  The conveyor direction of the belt conveyor 6 is parallel to the orientation plates 31, 32,. Further, the wood chip P supply device 2 is disposed at the upper end of the alignment plates 31, 32,.

The supply device 2 includes a belt conveyor 21 and a leveling roller 22 provided with a plurality of ring-shaped ridges 23 parallel to the surface thereof.
Next, the movement of the wood chip orientation laminating apparatus using this orientation laminating apparatus 1 will be described in detail.

  The steps of the method for manufacturing a wood chip used in the orientation laminating apparatus of FIG. 1 are shown in FIGS. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the step of classifying the crushed wood chips, FIG. 4 is a step for adjusting the moisture content in the high-temperature and high-humidity chamber, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the step of mixing the binder.

  That is, first, as shown in FIG. 3, a crushed wood chip P1 obtained by pulverizing or cutting waste wood with a pulverizer or a cutting machine (not shown) is classified into a classifier 7 (in this example, a wave roller system). And classifying wood chips P2 having a thickness of 1 to 11 mm and a length of 1 to 15 cm.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the wood chip P2 is placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber 8 maintained in an atmosphere at a temperature of 40 ° C. to 110 ° C. and a relative humidity of 1% to 60% and left for 12 hours or more, After obtaining the adjusted wood chip P 3, as shown in FIG. 5, it is put into the drum blender 9, the binder 10 is sprayed onto the wood chip P 3 in the drum blender 9, and the wood chip P 3 in the drum blender 9 is sprayed. A wood chip P with a binder is obtained by supporting the binder 10 on the surface.

Then, the wood chip P with the binder obtained in this way is placed on the belt conveyor 21 of the supply device 2 and the leveling roller 22 is used to place the wood chip with binder on the belt conveyor 21 as shown in FIG. The chips P are continuously supplied to the alignment gaps 41, 42,... 46 of the alignment apparatus 3 while keeping the thickness of the chips P substantially constant. In the orientation device 3, the orientation applying plates 31, 32,... 37 of the orientation device vibrate by the vibration applying means 5, and the wood chip P with the binder laid on the plate by this vibration becomes the orientation gap for orientation. 41, 42,..., 46, and stacked on the transfer device 6 while being oriented by the alignment gaps 41, 42,.

  The vibrator 52 may be attached anywhere on the orientation device 3, but it goes without saying that the center of gravity must be balanced so that abnormal vibration and residual vibration do not occur in the entire device 3. The vibration direction is preferably upward from the surface of the belt conveyor 6 and obliquely upward and forward from the downstream direction (MD) in the conveying direction of the belt conveyor 6. Further, the angle may be appropriately changed according to the supply amount, the linear velocity, and the like. In addition, a supporting spring for supporting the entire vibrating alignment device 3, for example, a plurality of support springs 54, is provided in the main part of the alignment device 3.

  The wood chip P dropped while maintaining the orientation state is received directly on the upper surface of the transport device 6 or on the wood chip P previously placed on the transport device 6 and becomes a wood laminate mat M having a predetermined thickness. In this way, the wooden laminated mats M are conveyed one after another toward the pressing device (not shown) by the conveying device 6. Finally, the wood-based composite material is obtained by press-molding the wood laminate mat M that has been sent by a press device.

  As described above, if this orientation laminating apparatus 1 is used, there is no bottom plate as in the conventional orientation apparatus. Therefore, it becomes possible to obtain a wood laminate mat M having a thick wood chip P, which is continuously long. A thick wood-based composite material can be obtained. Further, since the orientation plates 31, 32,... 37 vibrate, the wood chip P with the binder becomes a plate and a plate, for example, the orientation plate 31 (32,... 36) and the orientation plate 32 (33,... 37). Without being clogged with a bridge phenomenon or the like, and smoothly falls in the alignment gaps 41, 42,.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as in the above-described embodiment, the orientation device 3 as a whole is suspended by a spring, other than the method of providing the side reinforcement plates of the orientation plates 31, 32, 33,... And directly attaching the vibrator 52 thereto. It may be lowered (not shown).

In the above embodiment, the transport device 6 is a belt conveyor, but a roller conveyor may be used. In the above embodiment, the wood chip P can be directly received on the belt conveyor 6. However, a call board (not shown) is placed on the conveyor, and the wood chip P is placed on the board. You may make it receive.
Also, even if the lower end of the outermost alignment plates 31 and 37 comes into contact with the belt conveyor, the lower end of the polypropylene sheet or the soft rubber sheet that does not damage the belt conveyor is substantially in contact with the belt conveyor. You may make it provide in a skirt shape. In this way, it is possible to more reliably prevent the wood chips from spilling from the belt conveyor.

Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
First, a board wood material piece P1 purchased from a wood waste disposal contractor is classified using a wave roller type classifier 7 (wave roller screen, manufactured by Taihei Co., Ltd.), and a wood chip P2 having a thickness of 1 to 8 mm. Were collected. This wood chip P2 was allowed to stand in a heating oven 8 having an atmospheric temperature of 50 ° C. for 24 hours, and the water content was adjusted to a water content of 5.2% by weight to obtain a wood chip P3 having a moisture content adjusted.

Next, the wood chip P3 with the moisture content adjusted was put into the drum blender 9, and the isocyanate adhesive 10 was mixed so as to be 5% by weight with respect to the wood. The wood chip P thus obtained was put into the orientation laminating apparatus 1 to perform orientation lamination.

  An alignment laminating apparatus 1 used in Examples is shown in FIG. In the oriented laminating apparatus 1, stainless steel plates having a length of 500 mm, a height of 500 mm, and a thickness of 1.2 mm are erected in parallel at a pitch of 25 mm. The orientation plates 31 and 37 on both sides have lower ends that do not come into contact with the upper surface of the belt conveyor 6 due to vibration, and the wood chips do not fall out of the belt conveyor 6 from the gap. A gap having a size of 1.5 mm is formed between the lower ends of the alignment plates 31 and 37 and the belt conveyor 6 over the entire length in the transport direction so as not to fall off due to vibration or the like. On the other hand, the gap K between the lower ends of the orientation plates 32, 33,..., 36 other than the orientation plates 31 and 37 on both sides and the belt conveyor 6 has a gap k1 at the upstream end in the conveying direction of 1.5 mm, and is downstream. As it goes to, the clearance gradually widens and expands to 30 mm at the downstream end. At this time, except for the point laminated at a place of 1.5 mm or less from the upper surface of the belt conveyor 6, the lamination point is always above the lower end of the orientation plates 32, 33,. The wood chips P are always stacked while being regulated by the orientation plates 31, 32,. The upper end edges of the orientation plates 31, 32,... 37 have a downward slope of −10 ° with respect to the horizontal toward the downstream in the conveying direction of the belt conveyor.

  The entire orientation laminating apparatus 1 is wound in a belt shape to be provided with a metal belt, and the individual orientation plates 31, 32,... 37 are welded to the metal belt 51 at the end of the belt conveyor 6 in the MD direction. Are configured to be integrated. A vibrator 52 (vibration motor RV-24D, manufactured by Shinko Electric Co., Ltd.) is fixed to the TD side of the belt conveyor 6 of the metal belt so that the vibration direction is obliquely upward at 25 ° from the horizontal. Support springs 53 are provided at the four corner positions of the metal belt 51 to support the entire alignment layering apparatus 1 on a support base 54. The vibration conditions were an amplitude of 2 mm, a vibration frequency of 1710 times / minute, and the conveying speed of the belt conveyor 6 was 1 m / minute.

  The wood chip P subjected to the above processing is upstream of the oriented laminating apparatus 1 by a free fall at a rate of 11 kg per unit width (1 m) from the wood chip supplying apparatus 2 arranged on the upstream side of the oriented laminating apparatus 1. The stacking state such as the stacking height of the wooden laminate mat M coming out from the belt conveyor 6 and checking the stacking state and the like were measured.

(Comparative Example 1)
Example 1 Using a conventional orientation laminating apparatus in which the orientation device 3a as shown in FIG. 6 has a bottom plate B, the inclination of the bottom plate B is 10 °, the vibration condition is 0.8 mm and the vibration frequency is 3600 times / minute. The same wood chip was fed at the same speed, and the stacking height of the wood laminate mat M was measured at the exit of the orientation device.

FIG. 6 is a simplified perspective view of the orientation device 3a in the conventional orientation laminating apparatus used in Comparative Example 1, in which the wood chip supply device, the vibration applying device, and the wood laminate mat M are omitted.
The alignment device 3a has the same structure as the alignment device 3 shown in the first embodiment of the present invention, but a bottom plate B is provided at the lower end of the gap between the alignment plates. Therefore, in the orientation laminating apparatus, the wood chips dropped to the upstream side of the apparatus are stacked on the bottom plate B having the inclined surface, and are sent out downward along the inclined surface by the vibration of the apparatus.

(Comparative Example 2)
The laminate height of the wood laminate mat M was measured at the exit of the orientation device 3a in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the amplitude was 1.2 mm and the number of vibrations was 3500 times / minute.

(Comparative Example 3)
Lamination was performed in the same manner as described in Patent Document 3 using auxiliary blades (stainless steel plate with a blade spacing of 25 mm and a thickness of 1.2 mm).
(Comparative Example 4)
In Comparative Example 3, lamination was performed without the auxiliary blade.

And also about Comparative Examples 1-4, the lamination | stacking state and average orientation angle (only what can be measured) were measured, and the result was shown in Table 1 with the result of Example 1. FIG. In Comparative Example 2, the moving speed of the wood chips is increased in the orientation stacking apparatus, and the stacking thickness in the apparatus is reduced. When this wood chip P is transferred onto the belt conveyor 6, the speed again becomes a predetermined speed (1 m / min), and due to the speed difference, the wood chips P will sequentially ride on the wood chips P that have already been transferred before. As shown in FIG. 7, a phenomenon was observed in which the orientation direction of the wood chip P was shifted from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction.

The orientation laminating apparatus shown in Fig. 1 with 12 mm, 24 mm, and 36 mm orientation gap sizes is prepared. And the result is shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, ◯ is when the size of the alignment gap is 12 mm, Δ is when the size of the alignment gap is 24 mm, and □ is when the size of the alignment gap is 36 mm.
As shown in FIG. 8, regardless of the size of the alignment gaps of 12 mm, 24 mm, and 36 mm, the vibration direction is about 15 to 75 ° in elevation toward the downstream side in the conveying direction of the wood laminate mat. It turns out that the effect which raises the lamination | stacking height of a wood lamination mat | matte is large by setting it as this range.

(Comparative Example 5)
Using the above-mentioned orientation laminating apparatus with the orientation gap size of 24 mm, and trying to obtain a wood laminate mat in the same manner as above except that no vibration was applied to the orientation plate, It has occurred.

As described above, the oriented laminating apparatus and the oriented laminating method of the present invention are preferably used for the purpose of laminating elongate materials such as wood chips so that their longitudinal directions are aligned in a certain direction to some extent. Can do. For example, in addition to the present example, the outer shape has a long and short direction, such as orientation lamination of elongated chips of fiber reinforced synthetic resin composites, elongated stones, metal materials, etc., and thereby has strong anisotropy. This can be used when the materials are oriented and laminated.
Then, by carrying out at least one of heating and pressing the obtained laminated mat, a woody composite material suitable as a structural material or a furniture material can be obtained.

It is a perspective view of an example of the orientation lamination apparatus of the woody chip of the present invention. It is a side view which shows an example of the clearance gap between the lower end of an orientation plate, and a conveying apparatus upper surface. It is a schematic diagram explaining the process of classifying a crushed wood chip. It is a schematic diagram explaining the process of adjusting a moisture content in a high temperature, high humidity chamber. It is a schematic diagram explaining the process of mixing a binder. It is a simple perspective view of the conventional orientation apparatus used in the comparative example. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a stacked state of Comparative Example 2. FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the vibration elevation angle according to the magnitude | size of the clearance gap for orientation, and the lamination | stacking height of a wood chip.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Orientation laminating apparatus 2 Supply apparatus 3 Orientation apparatus 31-37 Orientation board 41-46 Orientation gap 5 Vibration imparting apparatus 51 Metal belt 52 Vibrator 53 Spring 54 Support stand 6 Conveyance apparatus 7 Classifier 8 Constant temperature and humidity chamber 9 Drum blender P , P1, P2, P3 Wood chip M Wood laminate mat K Clearance

Claims (7)

A wood chip supply means mixed with a binder, an orientation means for orienting a wood chip mixed with a binder supplied from the supply means, and a wood chip mixed with a binder oriented through the orientation means An apparatus for orienting and laminating a wood chip mixed with a binder, which is laminated in a mat shape on the upper surface in a state and having conveying means for conveying the laminated laminated mat,
The orientation means has a plurality of orientation plates erected substantially in parallel with the transport direction by the transport means of the laminated mat so as to form an alignment gap therebetween, and the orientation plate is provided in the transport direction of the transport means. An orientation laminating apparatus for wood chips mixed with a binder, comprising vibration imparting means for imparting vibrations obliquely forward and upward . 2. The wood chip mixed with a binder according to claim 1, wherein the vibration applying means applies vibration to the conveying means at an elevation angle of 15 ° to 75 ° with respect to the conveying direction of the conveying means. Oriented lamination equipment. The orientation stacking device for wood chips mixed with the binder according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein an upper end edge of the orientation plate is inclined. The coupling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a gap between the lower end of the orientation plate and the conveying means is increased stepwise or steplessly forward in the conveying direction of the conveying means. Oriented laminating device for wood chips mixed with agent. A wood chip having a gap between the lower end of the orientation plate and the conveying means, the lower end of the orientation plate is not in contact with the conveying device due to vibration, and a binder is mixed at least at the upstream end of the conveying device. The wood chip orientation laminating apparatus in which the binder according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is mixed. A wood chip supply means mixed with a binder, an orientation means for orienting a wood chip mixed with a binder supplied from the supply means, and a wood chip mixed with a binder oriented through the orientation means An apparatus for orienting and laminating a wood chip mixed with a binder, which is laminated in a mat shape on the upper surface in a state and having conveying means for conveying the laminated laminated mat,
The orientation applying means has a plurality of orientation plates erected substantially in parallel with the transport direction by the transport means of the laminated mat so as to form an alignment gap therebetween, and a vibration applying means for applying vibration to the orientation plates. And having a gap between the lower end of the alignment plate and the conveying means, and this gap is at least the upstream end of the conveying device and the lower end of the alignment plate contacts the conveying device by the vibration applied by the vibration applying means. An orientation laminating device for wood chips mixed with a binder, characterized in that the wood chips mixed with the binder are formed in a size incapable of passing through. The wood chip mixed with the binder supplied from the supply means is aligned on the transfer means while being aligned through the alignment gap formed between the alignment plates of the plurality of alignment plates arranged in parallel to the transfer direction of the transfer means. Is a method of orienting and laminating a wood chip in which a binder for laminating in an oriented state is mixed, at least at the upstream end of the conveying device, the lower end of the alignment plate does not contact the conveying device due to vibration, and the binder is mixed. An orientation laminating method for wood chips, characterized in that the orientation plate is vibrated in a state in which a gap having a size in which the wood chips cannot pass is formed.

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