JP2017125198A - バインダー - Google Patents
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- JP2017125198A JP2017125198A JP2017033344A JP2017033344A JP2017125198A JP 2017125198 A JP2017125198 A JP 2017125198A JP 2017033344 A JP2017033344 A JP 2017033344A JP 2017033344 A JP2017033344 A JP 2017033344A JP 2017125198 A JP2017125198 A JP 2017125198A
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- binder
- solution
- curing
- ammonium
- free
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
- F16L59/028—Compositions for or methods of fixing a thermally insulating material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
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- C03C25/32—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
- C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
- C03C25/32—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C03C25/321—Starch; Starch derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
- C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
- C03C25/32—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C03C25/34—Condensation polymers of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines, amides or amines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H11/00—Compounds containing saccharide radicals esterified by inorganic acids; Metal salts thereof
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H3/00—Compounds containing only hydrogen atoms and saccharide radicals having only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
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- C07H99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- C08K5/175—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds containing COOH-groups; Esters or salts thereof
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- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
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- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
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- C08L101/02—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
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- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
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- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C08L99/00—Compositions of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08L89/00 - C08L97/00
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D197/00—Coating compositions based on lignin-containing materials
- C09D197/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D199/00—Coating compositions based on natural macromolecular compounds or on derivatives thereof, not provided for in groups C09D101/00 - C09D107/00 or C09D189/00 - C09D197/00
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C09D201/02—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
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- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C09D201/02—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
- C09D201/06—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups containing oxygen atoms
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- C13K1/00—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
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- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
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- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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- E04B1/7658—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
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- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7654—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings
- E04B1/7658—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres
- E04B1/7662—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres comprising fiber blankets or batts
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Abstract
Description
−炭水化物と、
−無機塩から誘導され得る酸前駆体と、
−窒素の供給源と、
−任意には有機酸またはその前駆体と、
−任意にはアンモニアと
を溶解することによって得られ得る溶液を含むバインダー溶液を提供する。
/m3未満のホルムアルデヒドを放出する。
・未硬化バインダー溶液の、乾燥重量で少なくとも5%、好ましくは少なくとも7%、より好ましくは少なくとも9%;および/または
・未硬化バインダー溶液の、乾燥重量で25%もしくは20%未満、好ましくは18%未満、より好ましくは16%未満を構成していてもよい。
ーテルであってもよく、シリルエーテルが存在すると、特に風化後のバインダーの長期強度をかなり改善し得ると考えられている。
これは少なくとも、バインダーが結合すべき材料に適用される状態、および/または廃水回復系において回収される状態におけるものである。バインダーがこうした中性またはアルカリ性のpHを有することで、いくつかの本質的に酸性の先行技術バインダー系で起こっていたような製造機器の腐食の問題が軽減され得る。こうした先行技術バインダーは、ポリアクリル酸またはポリマーポリカルボン酸から本質的になるバインダーを含む。よって本発明の特定的な利点の1つは、こうした中性またはアルカリ性の条件で動作できるバインダー系の使用である。硬化されるとき、バインダーは硬化プロセスの間に酸性になるかもしれない。しかし、この状態にあるときの製造機器とバインダーとの接触は最小限であるため、この場合の機器腐食の問題はあまり重要ではない。バインダーのpHは13以下、好ましくは12、11または10以下であってもよい。好ましいpHは、7.5から9.5、特に8から9の範囲内であってもよい。結合すべき材料に適用され、その後水に溶解されるバインダーは、6より大きいpHを有してもよい。
技術バインダー系に起こったような、溶液中のバインダー構成要素を予め反応することに関する問題が軽減されてもよい。こうした先行技術バインダーは、結合すべき材料に適用される予め反応させたポリマーまたは樹脂から本質的になるバインダーを含む。結合すべき材料の上に、粘着性、粘稠またはべたつく液体の形態で実質的に未反応のバインダーが存在することにより、バインダー構成要素間の反応は実質的に乾燥状態で起こってもよい。この反応は溶媒の利益を受けずに起こるため、バルク重合と言われることもある。よって本発明の特定的な利点は、実質的に乾燥状態で、またはバルク重合によって重合できるバインダー系の使用である。
・溶融したミネラル混合物からミネラル繊維を形成するステップ;
・ミネラル繊維に実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液を噴霧するステップ、バインダー溶液は以下を含む:炭水化物(特に還元糖)、無機塩から誘導され得る酸前駆体、および窒素の供給源;
・バインダー溶液が適用されたミネラル繊維を集めてミネラル繊維の芯を形成するステップ;および
・芯を硬化オーブンに通すことによって、ミネラル繊維とバインダーとを含む芯を硬化して、実質的に水不溶性の硬化バインダーによってともに保持されたミネラル繊維の芯を提供するステップ。
断できる。
・炭水化物、好ましくは還元糖;
・無機塩から誘導され得る酸前駆体、好ましくは硫酸アンモニウムまたはリン酸アンモニウム;
・窒素の供給源;および
・水。
この調合物は、アンモニア水溶液の形態で提供される任意または付加的なアンモニアを含んでもよい。水は洗浄水または再利用されたプロセス水を含んでもよい。
・少なくとも5%、10%、15%もしくは18%の固体、および/または
・70%もしくは60%未満(特に木材ボード適用の場合)、または50%、40%もしくは20%未満の固体(特にミネラル繊維絶縁材適用の場合)
これは特に、140℃にて2時間乾燥した後のベークアウト固体の重量として決定されるものである。
、中密度繊維ボード、木部表面材製品を含む)、鋳物砂。
・約1.5Pa.s未満、好ましくは約1×10−2Pa.s未満;および/または
・約2×10−4Pa.sより大きい、好ましくは約5×10−4Pa.sより大きい。
・2.5%、3%もしくは5%より多く;および/または
・25%、22%もしくは20%未満。
・500mg/kg、750mg/kg、1000mg/kgもしくは1500mg/kgより多く;および/または
・5000mg/kg、4000mg/kgまたは3000mg/kg未満。
表示されてもよい。
・1%、2%、2.5%、3%、3.5%もしくは4%より多く;および/または
・20%、15%、10%もしくは8%未満
これは完成製品の乾燥重量で測定されたものである。
通常の分離強度が
・少なくとも120g/g、好ましくは少なくとも150g/g;および/または
・400g/g未満
風化分離強度が
・少なくとも120g/g、好ましくは少なくとも150g/g;および/または
・400g/g未満
通常の分離強度と風化分離強度との間の損失%が
・10%未満、好ましくは5%未満。
・密度が5kg/m3、8kg/m3または10kg/m3より大きい;
・密度が200kg/m3、180kg/m3または150kg/m3未満である;
・ガラスウール繊維を含み、密度が5kg/m3、8kg/m3もしくは10kg/m3より大きく、および/または80kg/m3、60kg/m3もしくは50kg/m3未満である;
・ストーンウール繊維を含み、密度が15kg/m3、20kg/m3もしくは25kg/m3より大きく、および/または220kg/m3、200kg/m3もしくは180kg/m3未満である;
・熱伝導率λが0.05W/mK未満、および/または0.02W/mKより大きい;
・99重量%未満および/または80重量%より大きいミネラル繊維を含む;
・厚さが10mm、15mmもしくは20mmより大きく、および/または400mm、350mmもしくは300mm未満である。
・寸法が少なくとも50cm×80cm、好ましくは少なくとも1m×2m
・厚さが少なくとも11mm、12mmまたは15mm
・硬化時間が25分、15分、12分または10分未満
・EN319に従って測定された内部結合強度が少なくとも0.4N/mm2もしくは0.45N/mm2(特にパーティクルボードまたは繊維ボードに対して)、またはEN300に従って測定されたものが少なくとも0.28N/mm2(特に配向性ストランドボード対して)
・EN317に従った20℃における水中での24時間後の厚さ膨張が12%未満、好ましくは10%未満
・20℃における水中での24時間後の水吸収が40%未満、好ましくは30%未満
・EN310に従った弾性係数が少なくとも1800N/mm2(特にパーティクルボードまたは繊維ボードに対して)、または2500N/mm2(特に配向性ストランドボード対して)、または3500N/mm2もしくは4800N/mm2
・曲げ強度(MOR)が少なくとも14N/m2(特にパーティクルボードまたは繊維
ボードに対して)、または18N/mm2(特に配向性ストランドボード対して)、または20N/mm2または28N/mm2
・添加剤としてのワックス、たとえば0.1重量%から2重量%、好ましくは0.5重量%から1重量%の範囲で
・樹脂含有量(乾燥木材粒子の重量に対する乾燥樹脂の重量)が8重量%から18重量%、好ましくは10重量%から16重量%、より好ましくは12重量%から14重量%の範囲
・圧搾機中で、特に180℃もしくは200℃より高いか、および/または280℃もしくは260℃未満の温度のプラテンの間で硬化される。
次のステップによって、バインダーを水溶液として調製した:
・オープンな非加熱反応容器中で所望のバインダー調合物の成分を組合せるステップ
・蒸留水を加えるステップ
・その後にシラン溶液を加えるステップ
・液体を加える間およびその後の数分間撹拌して、固体を完全に溶解させるステップ。バインダー溶液は、溶液の総重量のパーセンテージとして約45%の溶解した固体を含有するようにした。この溶液の2gサンプルは、約200℃から210℃における8分間の熱硬化の際に30%の固体をもたらした(重量損失は、熱硬化性バインダー形成の際の脱水に起因する)。
℃から約243℃(約440°Fから約470°F)の範囲であった。
・機器:5500R Instron機
・テストの直前に各シェルボーンをプラスチック袋から取出し、その重量および厚さを記録した。
・予熱した湿度チャンバ(65℃、95%相対湿度)中での16時間の風化
・取出されたシェルボーンを個別のプラスチック貯蔵袋に密閉して、直ちにテストに用いた。
150℃に設定したホットプレートの中央に少量のバインダー(2.0ml)を加えて、ストップウォッチを始動させる。サンプルを引張って長いひも状にすることが可能になるまで、バインダーをスパチュラで動かす。バインダーを加えてからひも形成までにかかった時間がゲル時間である。
DMH=ブドウ糖一水和物
CA=クエン酸
NH4OH=水酸化アンモニウム
ISIO200=シラン
AmSO4=硫酸アンモニウム
AmPO4=リン酸アンモニウム
テスト結果−無機酸前駆体をクエン酸と比較:
ミネラル繊維絶縁製品におけるバインダー系の比較テストから以下の結果が得られた:
テスト手順:
バインダー含有量LOI(強熱減量)
ウールとバインダーとの計量されたサンプルを、550℃に設定したマッフル炉に入れ
る。設定時間の後にウールを炉から取出し、デシケータに入れて冷却し、再計量する。重量の損失が元のサンプル重量のパーセンテージとして表わされ、これはバインダー含有量または強熱減量(LOI)として公知である。
単一の芯(またはスラブ)を、1メートル離して壁に配置された2本のポール(各々長さ500mm、直径20mm)に渡して置く。芯の中央のたるみの程度を記録する。これをパック中のすべての芯およびいくつかのパックに対して繰り返す。一定の期間にわたる設定点でパックを測定することによって、芯に対する圧縮の長期の影響を定める。
分離強度は、6つのテスト試料の合計破壊荷重をそれらの総重量で割ったグラム/グラムで表わされる。
r:半径12.7mm;
DC:中心間の距離44.5mm;
a:25.4mm;
b:121mm。
(項1)
水に
−還元糖と、
−硫酸アンモニウム塩、リン酸アンモニウム塩、硝酸アンモニウム塩および炭酸アンモニウム塩からなるリストより選択される材料と、
−任意にはカルボン酸またはその前駆体と、
−任意にはアンモニアと
を溶解することによって得られ得る溶液から本質的になる、実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液。
(項2)
水に
−還元糖と、
−硫酸アンモニウム塩、リン酸アンモニウム塩、硝酸アンモニウム塩および炭酸アンモニウム塩からなるリストより選択される材料と、
−任意にはカルボン酸またはその前駆体と、
−任意にはアンモニアと
を溶解することによって得られる溶液から本質的になる、上記項1に記載の実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液。
(項3)
前記還元糖はブドウ糖から本質的になる、上記項1または2に記載の実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液。
(項4)
前記カルボン酸はアンモニウム塩の形態で与えられる、先行する上記項のいずれかに記載の実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液。
(項5)
前記溶液のpHは7より大きい、先行する上記項のいずれかに記載の実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液。
(項6)
前記バインダー溶液のpHは、使用条件において硫酸塩、リン酸塩、硝酸塩または炭酸塩の析出を防ぐものである、先行する上記項のいずれかに記載の実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液。
(項7)
硫酸アンモニウム塩、リン酸アンモニウム塩、硝酸アンモニウム塩および炭酸アンモニウム塩からなるリストより選択される材料は、前記バインダー溶液の乾燥重量の5%と25%の間を構成する、先行する上記項のいずれかに記載の実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液。
(項8)
前記バインダー溶液は少なくとも5%の固体および50%未満の固体を含む、先行する上記項のいずれかに記載の実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液。
(項9)
硫酸アンモニウム塩、リン酸アンモニウム塩、硝酸アンモニウム塩および炭酸アンモニウム塩からなるリストより選択される材料に対する還元糖の乾燥重量での比率は、(還元糖の乾燥重量/アンモニウム塩の乾燥重量)で表わされるときに2.5から13の範囲内である、先行する上記項のいずれかに記載の実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液。
(項10)
前記バインダー溶液は、溶解されたバインダー固体として算出されるときに0.1%と1%の間のシランまたはシリコン含有カップリング剤を含む、先行する上記項のいずれかに記載の実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液。
(項11)
製品を製造する方法であって、
・疎性物質の集合を与えるステップと;
・上記項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダー溶液で疎性物質の前記集合を処理するステップと;
・前記バインダー溶液で処理された疎性物質の前記集合を基体の形態に配置するステップと;
・エネルギーの供給源を適用することによって前記バインダーを硬化するステップと
を含む、方法。
(項12)
前記バインダーを前記硬化するステップは、前記基体を、230℃〜300℃の範囲内の温度の硬化オーブンの少なくとも1つのゾーンに、30秒から20分の範囲内のオーブン滞在時間で通すことによって行なわれる、上記項11に記載の方法。
(項13)
前記バインダーを前記硬化するステップは、圧搾機のプラテンの間で行なわれる、上記項11に記載の方法。
(項14)
実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダーによってともに維持される疎性物質の集合を含む材料であって、前記材料は、硫酸塩、リン酸塩、硝酸塩および炭酸塩からなる群より選択される種を500mg/kgより多く含むことを特徴とする、材料。
(項15)
硫酸塩、リン酸塩、硝酸塩および炭酸塩からなる群より選択される前記種は、バインダー前駆体から本質的に誘導される、上記項14に記載の材料。
(項16)
前記バインダーは硬化され、メラノイジンを含む、上記項14から15のいずれか1項に記載の材料。
(項17)
疎性物質の集合と、未硬化であるかまたは部分的に硬化された実質的にホルムアルデヒドフリーのバインダーとを含む材料であって、前記バインダーは水に溶解されるときに6より大きいpHを有し、かつ
−還元糖と、
−硫酸アンモニウム塩、リン酸アンモニウム塩、硝酸アンモニウム塩および炭酸アンモニウム塩からなるリストより選択される材料と、
−任意にはカルボン酸またはその前駆体と、
−任意にはアンモニアと
を含むことを特徴とする、材料。
(項18)
前記疎性物質はミネラル繊維を含む、上記項14から17のいずれか1項に記載の材料。
(項19)
前記材料はミネラル繊維断熱材料である、上記項18に記載の材料。
(項20)
前記材料は木材ボードである、上記項14から17のいずれか1項に記載の材料。
Claims (1)
- 明細書に記載されたバインダー。
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| GBGB0715100.4A GB0715100D0 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-08-03 | Binders |
| GB0715100.4 | 2007-08-03 | ||
| GB0807777.8 | 2008-04-29 | ||
| GB0807777.8A GB2451719C (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2008-04-29 | Binders |
| GB0810297.2 | 2008-06-06 | ||
| GBGB0810297.2A GB0810297D0 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2008-06-06 | Binders |
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