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JP2015168031A - Tool breakage detection device - Google Patents

Tool breakage detection device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2015168031A
JP2015168031A JP2014044717A JP2014044717A JP2015168031A JP 2015168031 A JP2015168031 A JP 2015168031A JP 2014044717 A JP2014044717 A JP 2014044717A JP 2014044717 A JP2014044717 A JP 2014044717A JP 2015168031 A JP2015168031 A JP 2015168031A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
bush
switching device
light
light beam
tool
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Pending
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JP2014044717A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
俊幸 秋山
Toshiyuki Akiyama
俊幸 秋山
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Via Mechanics Ltd
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Via Mechanics Ltd
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Priority to JP2014044717A priority Critical patent/JP2015168031A/en
Priority to TW104103670A priority patent/TW201600224A/en
Priority to KR1020150029740A priority patent/KR20150105219A/en
Priority to CN201510099270.7A priority patent/CN104889457A/en
Publication of JP2015168031A publication Critical patent/JP2015168031A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B49/00Measuring or gauging equipment on boring machines for positioning or guiding the drill; Devices for indicating failure of drills during boring; Centering devices for holes to be bored
    • B23B49/001Devices for detecting or indicating failure of drills
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B23Q17/0952Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
    • B23Q17/0957Detection of tool breakage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B47/00Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G05B19/4065Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/0011Working of insulating substrates or insulating layers
    • H05K3/0044Mechanical working of the substrate, e.g. drilling or punching
    • H05K3/0047Drilling of holes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】ドリルの折損をリアルタイムで検出するためには、ブッシュ(23、24)の溝に沿って光ビーム(30)を通せば良いが、ブッシュ(23、24)はターレット(21)に開けた孔に弾性体O−リングを介して押し込んであるだけのため、ブッシュ(23、24)が基板との接触・押圧動作を繰り返すと、徐々にブッシュが回転し、光ビーム(30)が遮られて誤検出することが問題であった。
【解決手段】ブッシュ(23,24)の溝を光ビーム(30)が通過し、かつブッシュ切替え装置(35)と接触しない位置に投光器(28)と受光器(29)を設け、投光器(28)を制御し、受光器(29)からの信号を処理して工具の折損を検出する検出部を設け、ブッシュ(23,24)が回転しないようにストッパ(21a,21b)を付与して前記ブッシュ切り替え装置(35)に取り付けることにより、光ビーム(30)が遮られて誤検出することがなくなる。
【選択図】図3
In order to detect breakage of a drill in real time, a light beam (30) may be passed along a groove of a bush (23, 24), but the bush (23, 24) is opened in a turret (21). Since the bush (23, 24) repeats contact / pressing operation with the substrate, the bush gradually rotates and the light beam (30) is blocked. It was a problem to be erroneously detected.
A light projector (28) and a light receiver (29) are provided at a position where a light beam (30) passes through a groove of a bush (23, 24) and does not contact the bush switching device (35). ), And a detection unit for detecting breakage of the tool by processing a signal from the light receiver (29) is provided, and stoppers (21a, 21b) are provided to prevent the bushes (23, 24) from rotating. By attaching to the bush switching device (35), the light beam (30) is not blocked and erroneously detected.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

本発明は、ドリルのような形状の数種類の工具を用いた加工装置に好適な工具折損検出装置に係るものである。   The present invention relates to a tool breakage detection apparatus suitable for a machining apparatus using several types of tools such as a drill.

ドリル加工においては、ドリル加工が正常に行われていることを確認するために、加工中にドリルが折損したかどうかを検出する必要がある。従来は特許文献1に記載のように、ドリル加工によって発生する切り粉を吸引するダクトの途中に光センサを配置し、切り粉の有無でドリルの折損を検出していた。しかしながら、これでは切り粉が光センサまで到達するまでのタイムラグが生じてしまい、どの穴で折れたのかを特定できない。従って、新しいドリルに交換した後、折損を検出したかなり前からドリル加工をやり直さなければならなく、これが時間のロスとなっていた。   In drilling, it is necessary to detect whether the drill is broken during machining in order to confirm that the drilling is performed normally. Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, an optical sensor is arranged in the middle of a duct for sucking chips generated by drilling, and breakage of the drill is detected based on the presence or absence of chips. However, this causes a time lag until the chips reach the optical sensor, and it is not possible to specify which hole is broken. Therefore, after exchanging with a new drill, drilling must be performed again long before breakage is detected, which is a loss of time.

ドリル折損をリアルタイムで検出するには、特許文献2に開示されているごとく、プレッシャフットに光センサを設ければよいが、現実には特許文献3に開示されているように、数種類のドリルを持ち替え、そのドリル毎にプレッシャフットの先端の基板押さえ(ブッシュ)を切り替える必要があるために、その切り替え装置に接触しない位置に設ける必要があった。その状況を図1〜4を用いて説明する。   In order to detect drill breakage in real time, an optical sensor may be provided on the pressure foot as disclosed in Patent Document 2, but in reality, several types of drills are used as disclosed in Patent Document 3. Since it is necessary to change the substrate presser (bush) at the tip of the pressure foot for each drill, it is necessary to provide it at a position that does not contact the switching device. The situation will be described with reference to FIGS.

図1はドリル加工機の斜視図であり、ベッド1の上にガイドレール3が敷設され、その上に基板16を搭載するためのテーブル2が移動可能に設置されている。テーブル2はモータ14により駆動される(X方向)。ベッド1にはコラム4が固定され、ガイドレール5が敷設されている。ガイドレール5にはクロススライド6が移動可能に設置されており、ボールネジ7とモータ8で駆動される(Y方向)。クロススライド6にはユニットベース9が固定され、ユニットベース9に固定されたハウジング13に移動可能に保持されたスピンドル12がモータ10及びシャフト11で駆動される(Z方向)。スピンドル12にはドリル(図示せず)が保持されており、ユニットベース9に移動可能に保持されたプレッシャフット15で基板16を押圧して加工する。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a drilling machine, in which a guide rail 3 is laid on a bed 1 and a table 2 for mounting a substrate 16 is movably installed thereon. The table 2 is driven by the motor 14 (X direction). A column 4 is fixed to the bed 1 and a guide rail 5 is laid. A cross slide 6 is movably installed on the guide rail 5 and is driven by a ball screw 7 and a motor 8 (Y direction). A unit base 9 is fixed to the cross slide 6, and a spindle 12 movably held in a housing 13 fixed to the unit base 9 is driven by a motor 10 and a shaft 11 (Z direction). A drill (not shown) is held on the spindle 12, and the substrate 16 is pressed and processed by a pressure foot 15 movably held on the unit base 9.

図2はプレッシャフット15の正面図、図3はプレッシャフット15の下面図、図4は図3のA−A断面図である。フットカップ17はスピンドル12に対して図示しないシリンダで上下動作、及び基板16に押圧される。フットカップ17の下にはブッシュ切替え装置35が取り付けられている。ブッシュ切替え装置35は、セットネジ22の回転可能なターレット21を有し、それにブッシュ23とブッシュ24が固定されている。ターレット21は、シリンダ18の先に固定されたブロック19とジョイント20によってフットカップ17と結合され、シリンダ18のS方向への伸縮によりR方向に回転する。ターレット21にはアーム25及びアーム26が付いており、ピン27に当たって位置決めされることにより、ブッシュ23とブッシュ24が切り替えられる。ここで、ブッシュ23は極小ドリル(φ0.3mm程度以下)用のものであり、孔径は3mm程度である。また、ブッシュ24は小径ドリル(φ0.4〜6.5mm程度)用のものであり、孔径は10mm程度である。基板16に明ける孔のバリを低減するためには、ドリル径に合わせてブッシュの径をこのように交換しなければならない。さらに、吸引して排出している切り粉を、排出しやすくするためにブッシュ23、24には、その直径に沿って一本又は数本の溝が設けられている。   2 is a front view of the pressure foot 15, FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the pressure foot 15, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. The foot cup 17 is moved up and down by a cylinder (not shown) with respect to the spindle 12 and pressed against the substrate 16. A bush switching device 35 is attached below the foot cup 17. The bush switching device 35 has a rotatable turret 21 with a set screw 22 to which a bush 23 and a bush 24 are fixed. The turret 21 is coupled to the foot cup 17 by a block 19 and a joint 20 fixed to the tip of the cylinder 18, and rotates in the R direction by the expansion and contraction of the cylinder 18 in the S direction. The turret 21 is provided with an arm 25 and an arm 26, and the bush 23 and the bush 24 are switched by positioning by hitting the pin 27. Here, the bush 23 is for a very small drill (φ0.3 mm or less), and the hole diameter is about 3 mm. The bush 24 is for a small diameter drill (φ0.4 to 6.5 mm), and the hole diameter is about 10 mm. In order to reduce the burr in the hole formed in the substrate 16, the diameter of the bush must be changed in this way in accordance with the drill diameter. Further, the bushes 23 and 24 are provided with one or several grooves along the diameter in order to make it easy to discharge the chips discharged by suction.

ドリルの折損をリアルタイムで検出するためには、図3、図4に記入してあるように、ブッシュ23、24のその溝に沿って投光ケーブル28と受光ケーブル29を設け、光ビーム30を通せば、特許文献2に開示された検出構成とすることができる。しかしながら、ブッシュ23、24はターレット21に開けた孔に弾性体O−リングを介して押し込んであるだけのため、ブッシュ23、24が基板との接触・押圧動作を繰り返す(約500回/分)と、徐々にブッシュが回転し、光ビーム30が遮られて誤検出するようになってしまうことが問題であった。これは、エアー駆動ターレット式のブッシュ切り替え器で説明したが、特許文献3に開示されているようなモータ駆動ターレット式やエアー駆動スライド式の切り替え器であっても同様である。   In order to detect the breakage of the drill in real time, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a light projecting cable 28 and a light receiving cable 29 are provided along the grooves of the bushes 23 and 24, and the light beam 30 can be passed. For example, the detection configuration disclosed in Patent Document 2 can be adopted. However, since the bushes 23 and 24 are only pushed into the holes formed in the turret 21 via the elastic body O-rings, the bushes 23 and 24 repeat the contact / pressing operation with the substrate (about 500 times / minute). As a result, the bush gradually rotates, and the light beam 30 is blocked and erroneous detection occurs. This has been described with reference to the air-driven turret-type bush switch, but the same applies to motor-driven turret-type and air-driven slide-type switches as disclosed in Patent Document 3.

特公昭59−43262号公報Japanese Examined Patent Publication No.59-43262 米国特許公報第3912925号U.S. Pat. No. 3,912,925 特開平9−267298号公報JP-A-9-267298

本発明の目的は、基板との接触・押圧動作を繰り返してもブッシュが回転しないようにし、光ビームを遮って誤動作することがないようにすることにある。   An object of the present invention is to prevent the bush from rotating even if the contact / pressing operation with the substrate is repeated, and to prevent malfunction by blocking the light beam.

本発明の目的を達成するためには、ブッシュ(23,24)の溝を光ビーム(30)が通過し、かつブッシュ切替え装置(35)と接触しない位置に投光器(28)と受光器(29)を設け、投光器(28)を制御し、受光器(29)からの信号を処理して工具の折損を検出する検出部を設け、ブッシュ(23,24)が回転しないようにストッパ(21a,21b,23a)を付与して前記ブッシュ切り替え装置(35)に取り付けると良い。   In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the light projector (28) and the light receiver (29) are positioned so that the light beam (30) passes through the grooves of the bushes (23, 24) and does not contact the bush switching device (35). ), Control the projector (28), provide a detection unit for detecting the breakage of the tool by processing the signal from the light receiver (29), and prevent the bushes (23, 24) from rotating. 21b, 23a) and attached to the bush switching device (35).

ブッシュ(23,24)が回転しないように前記ブッシュ切り替え装置(35)に取り付けるものは、前記ブッシュ(23,24)を前記ブッシュ切り替え装置(35)に取り付けるための孔の一部に設けた平面部(21a,21b)とそれに合わせて前記ブッシュに設けた平面部(23a等)とにより構成すると好適である。   What is attached to the bush switching device (35) so that the bush (23, 24) does not rotate is a plane provided in a part of a hole for attaching the bush (23, 24) to the bush switching device (35). It is preferable that the portion (21a, 21b) and a flat portion (23a, etc.) provided on the bush according to the portion (21a, 21b) are configured.

なお、上記カッコ内の符号は、図面と対照するためのものであるが、これにより特許請求の範囲の記載に何等影響を及ぼすものではない。   In addition, although the code | symbol in the said parenthesis is for contrast with drawing, it does not have any influence on description of a claim by this.

本発明により、基板との接触・押圧動作を繰り返してもブッシュが回転しないようにでき、光ビームを遮って誤動作することがない。   According to the present invention, the bushing can be prevented from rotating even if the contact / pressing operation with the substrate is repeated, and there is no malfunction by blocking the light beam.

本発明に係るドリル加工機の斜視図である。1 is a perspective view of a drilling machine according to the present invention. 本発明に係るプレッシャフット部の正面図である。It is a front view of the pressure foot part concerning the present invention. 本発明に係るプレッシャフット部の下面図である。It is a bottom view of the pressure foot part concerning the present invention. 図3のA−A断面図である。It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 図3のブッシュ23付近の拡大図とB−B断面図である。It is an enlarged view of bush 23 vicinity of FIG. 3, and BB sectional drawing. 図3のブッシュ23を取り去った時の拡大図とC−C断面図である。It is an enlarged view when the bush 23 of FIG. 3 is removed, and CC sectional drawing.

以下、本発明に係る工具折損検出装置の実施の形態について図2〜6を用いて説明する。図2〜4において既に説明した同一番号の部品については、更なる説明を省略する。図5は、図3のブッシュ23付近の拡大図とB−B断面図である。図3について説明したように、弾性体からなるO−リング32でブッシュ23はターレット21に固定されているが、固定が不十分なために、基板との接触・押圧動作を繰り返す(約500回/分)ことによってブッシュ23が回転してしまい、光ビーム30の光路を遮ってしまうのが誤動作の原因であった。この回転を止めるために、ターレット21の孔の一部に平面部のストッパ21aを設け、ブッシュの対応する側にも平面部のストッパ23aを設けたことが特徴である。これにより回転が停止し、ドリルの折損をリアルタイムで検出することができるようになった。このように簡単な構造で解決できることが放置されていたのは、これまでリアルタイムでのドリル折損検出が切実なニーズではなかったことが大きい。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of a tool breakage detection apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Further description of the components having the same numbers already described in FIGS. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the bush 23 in FIG. As described with reference to FIG. 3, the bush 23 is fixed to the turret 21 by the O-ring 32 made of an elastic body. However, since the fixing is insufficient, the contact / pressing operation with the substrate is repeated (about 500 times). / Min), the bushing 23 rotates and the optical path of the light beam 30 is blocked, which is a cause of malfunction. In order to stop this rotation, a flat stopper 21a is provided in a part of the hole of the turret 21, and a flat stopper 23a is also provided on the corresponding side of the bush. As a result, the rotation stopped and the breakage of the drill can be detected in real time. The reason why such a simple structure can be solved is that the real-time detection of drill breakage has not been an urgent need.

図6は、図3のブッシュ23を取り去った時の拡大図とC−C断面図である。このようにターレット21側の平坦部の加工は最も簡単なものである。   FIG. 6 is an enlarged view and CC cross-sectional view when the bush 23 of FIG. 3 is removed. Thus, the processing of the flat part on the turret 21 side is the simplest.

本実施例では、エアー駆動ターレット式のブッシュ切り替え器で説明したが、特許文献3に開示されているようなモータ駆動ターレット式やエアー駆動スライド式の切り替え器についても同様にストッパ21a,21bを設ければよい。また、本発明は、ドリルのような形状の数種類の工具を用い、かつ当該工具に合わせてブッシュを切り替えてワークを加工する、例えば、ルータ加工機等の折損検出にも用いることができる。   In the present embodiment, the air-driven turret type bush switching device has been described. However, the motor-driven turret type and air-driven slide type switching devices as disclosed in Patent Document 3 are similarly provided with stoppers 21a and 21b. Just do it. Further, the present invention can be used for detecting breakage of, for example, a router processing machine or the like that uses several types of tools such as a drill and processes a workpiece by switching bushes according to the tool.

また、本実施例では、投光器として投光ファイバ28、受光器として受光ファイバ29を用いてプレッシャフット15の下面構造を簡素化したが、配線等で若干構造が複雑にはなるが、小型の投光器(LEDやランプ等)と受光器を用いても良い。   Further, in this embodiment, the bottom surface structure of the pressure foot 15 is simplified by using the light projecting fiber 28 as the light projector and the light receiving fiber 29 as the light receiver, but the structure is slightly complicated by wiring or the like. (LED, lamp, etc.) and a light receiver may be used.

また、本実施例では、ブッシュが回転しないようにするために、ブッシュ23,24の切り替え装置35に取り付けるための孔の一部に平面部(ストッパ21a,21b)を設け、それに合わせてブッシュ23,24にも平面部(ストッパ23a等)を設けたが、これに限られるものではなく、例えば、切り欠きと突起であっても良い。但し、本発明の平面部を使用する方法の方が加工は容易である。   Further, in the present embodiment, in order to prevent the bush from rotating, a flat portion (stopper 21a, 21b) is provided in a part of the hole for attaching the bush 23, 24 to the switching device 35, and the bush 23 is adjusted accordingly. , 24 are provided with flat portions (stopper 23a and the like), but are not limited to this, and may be, for example, notches and protrusions. However, the method using the flat portion of the present invention is easier to process.

1 ベッド
2 テーブル
3 ガイドレール
4 コラム
5 ガイドレール
6 クロススライド
7 ボールネジ
8 モータ
9 ユニットベース
10 モータ
11 シャフト
12 スピンドル
13 ハウジング
14 モータ
15 プレッシャフット
16 基板
17 フットカップ
18 シリンダ
19 ブロック
20 ジョイント
21 ターレット
21a ストッパ
21b ストッパ
22 セットネジ
23 ブッシュ
24 ブッシュ
25 アーム
26 アーム
27 ピン
28 投光ファイバ
29 受光ファイバ
30 光ビーム
31 ドリル
32 Oリング
35 ブッシュ切り替え装置
1 bed 2 table 3 guide rail 4 column 5 guide rail 6 cross slide 7 ball screw 8 motor 9 unit base 10 motor 11 shaft 12 spindle 13 housing 14 motor 15 pressure foot 16 substrate 17 foot cup 18 cylinder 19 block 20 joint 21 turret 21a stopper 21b Stopper 22 Set screw 23 Bush 24 Bush 25 Arm 26 Arm 27 Pin 28 Light projecting fiber 29 Light receiving fiber 30 Light beam 31 Drill 32 O-ring 35 Bush switching device

Claims (2)

数種類のドリルのような形状の工具を用いて板状のワークを加工する加工機であって、
先端に取り付けたブッシュで前記ワークを押圧するためのプレッシャフットを有し、
前記プレッシャフットの下端に、前記工具に合わせて複数の前記ブッシュを切り替えるためのブッシュ切替え装置を有し、
前記ブッシュの下端側に一つ又は複数の直径に沿う溝が形成されている加工機において、
前記ブッシュの溝を光ビームが通過し、かつ前記ブッシュ切替え装置と接触しない位置に投光器と受光器を設け、
前記投光器を制御し、前記受光器からの信号を処理して工具の折損を検出する検出部を設け、
前記ブッシュが回転しないようにストッパを付与して前記ブッシュ切り替え装置に取り付ける
ことを特徴とする工具折損検出装置。
It is a processing machine that processes plate-like workpieces using several types of drill-like tools,
Having a pressure foot for pressing the workpiece with a bush attached to the tip;
At the lower end of the pressure foot, there is a bush switching device for switching the plurality of bushes according to the tool,
In a processing machine in which grooves along one or more diameters are formed on the lower end side of the bush,
Provide a light projector and a light receiver at a position where the light beam passes through the groove of the bush and does not contact the bush switching device,
A detector that controls the projector and processes a signal from the light receiver to detect breakage of the tool;
A tool breakage detecting device, wherein a stopper is provided so that the bush does not rotate and is attached to the bush switching device.
前記ブッシュが回転しないように前記ブッシュ切り替え装置に取り付けるものが、前記ブッシュを前記ブッシュ切り替え装置に取り付けるための孔の一部に設けた平面部とそれに合わせて前記ブッシュに設けた平面部であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の工具折損検出装置。
What is attached to the bush switching device so that the bush does not rotate is a flat portion provided in a part of a hole for attaching the bush to the bush switching device, and a flat portion provided in the bush correspondingly. The tool breakage detection device according to claim 1.
JP2014044717A 2014-03-07 2014-03-07 Tool breakage detection device Pending JP2015168031A (en)

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