JP2015075094A - Combustion method of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve energy-saving and low-pollution problems of an internal combustion engine by an injection fuel technique and an air flow supply technique.SOLUTION: In an internal combustion engine combustion method and a nozzle technique, a diameter of a pin part of a pin type injection nozzle for injecting fuel into a cylinder is made large and the length of the pin part is made small, so as to make an opening valve lift minute. A group of thinned fuel is injected and collided to a side face of the large-diameter and short pin, so as to divide and miniaturize the group of thin fuel in a cylindrical manner due to collision and a reaction. An air intake flow is made into an oriented flow form by correlation of processing combination of an intake valve and valve seat part, so as to cool a cylinder inner nozzle and an ignition part, improve a fuel mixture combustion condition, and fully burn various kinds of fuel due to a higher compression ratio.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention belongs to a combustion technique of an internal combustion engine, and is a fine spray diffusion technique and combustion method of a fuel by a small pin type nozzle that can be easily refined in an internal combustion engine by an injection fuel group.

There is an urgent need for related parties to develop engine combustion and exhaust technologies, alternative energy, and new technologies that are effective in preventing global warming and saving resource energy. In particular, the problem of energy-saving and low-pollution for automobiles that consume a large amount of fuel and emit a large amount of CO2, harmful NOx, and carbonized dust is an important issue that should be improved early. However, this drastic improvement technology has not yet been found, and as a possible technology, fuel cell and hybrid system automobile technology and fuel cell vehicles are being reformed, but it takes time to spread and develop these technologies The current situation in countries around the world is still in the wake of the early CO2 reduction and global warming control that the Earth is seeking.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of technologies that can be implemented at an early stage and the development and diffusion of energy-saving and low-pollution automotive internal combustion engines and electric vehicles to improve this difficult problem.

In such a historical background, the inventor developed the active thermal atmosphere combustion (ATAC) that can stabilize the combustion in the low load region and the no load region by using the characteristics of the two-cycle engine and pioneered the world in 1979. Although it was announced as a new combustion method, it was known as a new combustion method, but in two cycles, the development of technology necessary to improve the HC blow-through and heat load problems that increase in the high load range did not progress globally, and as a result it was simple and inexpensive. If the advantage of 2-cycle does not reach the 4-cycle system, automobile companies will avoid the 2-cycle and anticipate exhaust regulations that will become stricter in the future. Many companies have switched to 4-cycle system, and at the same time, R & D of 2-cycle engines has declined. .

At that time, automobile companies also expressed their development stance to use this ATAC technology in the low load range of 4 cycles. However, developers who know the ATAC know-how through many experiments, He knew that pump loss and suction turbulence at low loads could not be eliminated even by making full use of feed control technology, and that the configuration of HCCI combustion close to ATAC was nearly impossible.

Therefore, in order to achieve the purpose of preventing the deterioration of the global environment and the saving of fuel resources that the world is urgently demanding, the fuel resources consumed by humans (energy saving), the warming of the environment and the air are polluted to the human body. It is essential to develop a power source (engine) that reduces emissions of harmful substances (CO2, NOx, CO, HC, fine particle dust) as much as possible. Improvement reforms are urgently needed, and as a result, the HV system has been developed to compensate for low load areas with poor fuel efficiency and thermal efficiency by electrification.

In order to improve this difficult problem, it is necessary to make efforts to develop new technologies by reviewing engine combustion technology and related technologies that have the qualities as a new power source that eliminates the competition of conventional horsepower output and achieves both energy saving and low pollution. This is an important issue. The present invention is to present development examples and techniques that can meet this problem.

The developer of this technology is that the problem of increasing the amount of (HC) due to the blow-through of the fuel mixture is inevitable even if the 2-cycle ATAC combustion range is widened for the energy-saving clean engine. Combustion technology for a 4-cycle engine that can be put into practical use for energy-saving and low-pollution as soon as possible, as a result of many experiments, as it is determined that the 4-cycle system is suitable for energy-saving and low-pollution engines. Was developed to present the technology.

JP-A 63-120815 (48th attention invention)
Japanese Patent Application 2011-156111
Japanese Patent Application 2012-146053
Japanese Patent Application 2012-163095
Japanese Patent Application 2013-49614

Since the present invention is light weight and price is important for energy saving and low pollution of a frequently used automobile engine, a combustion method of a small and light four-cycle engine is completely burned by a combustion technology to increase heat efficiency and reduce exhaust pollution. Requires a new fuel injection combustion technology, and if it achieves the purpose of high compression ratio and complete combustion of the engine, it can increase the thermal efficiency and reduce exhaust dust PM. The aim is to further improve the thermal efficiency by refining the group and air flow conditions, and to solve the fuel injection and combustion technology that is rational with the fuel nozzle for the purpose of energy saving and low pollution.

As means for achieving the above object, the present invention is a fuel injection means that is a heavy element of a conventional four-cycle engine, which is a combustion system using a combination of ultra-high pressure and a hole nozzle. It is possible to develop a fine diffusion fuel group with a nozzle that enables miniaturization of the injected fuel group by configuring a fuel injection nozzle that can control the reachability and newly refine the injected fuel group and realize multi-directional diffusion deployment First, the effect of the fuel spray nozzle was confirmed with an outer open nozzle.

In addition, the intake means for the air supplied to the cylinder is structured so that the flow direction of the intake air can be controlled by the combination of the intake valve type and the valve seat part type and the variable valve opening lift to cool the injection nozzle and spark plug part by intake air. At the same time, the intake air in the combustion chamber or cylinder is configured to flow in a swirl or tumble shape.

Combustion is to be completed with a configuration of combustion conditions in which the fuel mixture group is ignited and ignited under the high compression ratio condition by the rise of the piston by matching the refined development of the injected fuel group and the air supply condition in the cylinder. We have developed a high-heat-efficiency complete combustion method with high compression ratio.

The inventor has confirmed the complete combustion action and effects in the fine fuel group by the fine fuel injection valve of the open-open fuel injection previously developed, but in this open-open type injection method, common rail and electronic control are performed. As the system technology also needs improvement, it takes time for early implementation and the manufacturing cost increases, so this time the nozzle refinement to meet the fuel miniaturization and diffusion development conditions that can cope with further high speed and high performance of small engines In order to reduce the size and reduce the cost, a simple injection nozzle technology using a new nozzle was constructed.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to pursue rationalization for the purpose of further enhancing the performance function of the fuel injection nozzle technology that can be said to be the basic axis of the fuel injection engine, and to reduce the cost of a control device to be added and a novel structure of a small engine nozzle that is frequently used. The pin part of the pin type nozzle is formed into a large diameter short pin shape, and the thin fuel jet group is made to collide with the side wall surface part of this large diameter short pin part. The nozzle that diffuses and expands in the direction is made compact.

According to the method of the present invention, it is not necessary to develop new technologies for fuel injection common rail technology or electronic control. This is a very simple and easy injection technology that splits and refines a thin fuel group by the collision of the pin side wall by colliding a finely injected fuel flow, but complete combustion by mixing the refined effect and the air in the combustion chamber The effect is tremendous.

That is, for the fuel group injected from the large-diameter pin portion, the conventional electronic injection control technology is utilized, and the ultrahigh pressure of 200MP required by the conventional hole nozzle method is one-tenth the injection pressure of 20MP or less. Since the injection fuel group is made thinner and finer and the mixing conditions with the air are also less powerful, the refinement of the injected fuel group and the diffusion and deployment conditions are diversified. Combustion is approaching perfection and dramatically improves engine performance and rationalizes cost reduction.

Engine head of the present invention Top sectional view of the engine of the present invention Intake valve and valve seat of the present invention Nozzle enlarged view of the present invention Circuit diagram of the present invention

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
In the head part of FIG. (1), a combustion volume part (2) is provided in the central part, and a pin large-diameter short nozzle (3) is provided in the upper central area, and intake valves (4) (5) and exhaust valves (6 ) Are provided as shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 3, the intake valve has a nozzle and a spark plug (9) in the direction of the air flow supplied into the cylinder (8) by the back curved portion of the valve and the valve seat (7) as indicated by an arrow. Therefore, the air flow direction (10) can be changed by changing the combination of the valve seat and the lift, and the nozzle and the electrode can be cooled, and the electronic control unit ( 11).

As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 4, the work of the large diameter short pin type nozzle according to the present invention is caused by the common rail (14) from the small gap opening / closing portion (13) between the large diameter pin (3) and the pin holder portion (12). The fuel adjusted by the electronic control is jetted into a thin state (15) by pressure, and the fuel group inevitably collides with the side wall portion (16) of the pin portion having a large diameter and a short length. Due to this collision action, the fine jet group is expanded into a conical shape by splitting and refining the spray group by collision and reaction.

The thin jet group that collides with the side wall (16) of the pin that has a large diameter but is short and simple, of course, is divided and refined by the shape of the colliding side, although it differs depending on the angle of incidence and reflection conditions according to the laws of physics The form of the diffusion fuel group inevitably changes, the fine fuel group is surely split and refined, and the diffusion expansion conditions become various spray patterns (17), and the mixed contact conditions with the air in the cylinder also change. Experiments and know-how are required to determine the side shape, the angle of inclination of the surface, and the shape of the concave / convex groove.

Energy saving and low pollution in internal combustion engines are a need for all human beings, but in order to achieve this purpose, complete combustion by miniaturization of fuel is a prerequisite. The present invention is a complete combustion technology based on OSKA (Onishi Collision Diffusion Technology) developed 20 years ago, aiming at energy saving, low pollution and cost reduction of small internal combustion engines. It is a fuel injection nozzle and a new combustion system constructed based on use.

Therefore, according to the configuration of this combustion technology, the problem that the internal combustion engine that has been the only survival base of humankind and has been active as the driving force for the construction of the earth civilization consumes fuel resources and pollutes the atmospheric environment with exhaust gas will be improved early. . If the performance of the internal combustion engine can be reduced at low cost by configuring the complete combustion conditions by miniaturizing the injected fuel group and mixing with air, it will bring brightness to the future of mankind.

Although the combustion technology of internal combustion engines is not complete, fossil fuel consumption is progressing and it is turning into crude oil, and the era of gas fuels such as CNG turning into gasoline and light heavy oil is approaching. As a result, the combustion technology has been inherited as an eternal issue, and 300 years have passed since the history of the combustion technology. -Damage caused by unburned carbonized dust PM has not been resolved even in the case of the zel combustion method.

This is due to the lack of fuel injection technology, one of the reasons for the lack of refined technology for the injected fuel group, and the lack of mixing conditions between the injected fuel group and the air. The main causes are the contradiction of the current fuel injection method that uses ultra-high pressure (200MP) and diffusion injection at the 10-hole nozzle hole, and the unstudied modern engineer who has not yet noticed and lack of imagination.

Inexperienced thinking about small tip technology that makes aluminum pistons made of cast steel while knowing that the strong fuel jet by the hole nozzle and ultra high pressure destroys the piston and forms a rich fuel area in the collision area. Then, the problem of diesel exhaust PM is not solved. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to develop an injection nozzle technology that refines the injected fuel group at medium and low pressures and diffuses and expands it in multiple directions, and it is necessary to quickly notice the important composition of the mixing conditions with air. It is.

In other words, the combustion conditions that promote the mixing conditions of the nozzle and air that make the injected fuel group finer or stratified and divided are indispensable for the construction of a complete combustion technology, and the fuel moves from fossil crude oil to biofuel and gas fuel Today, it is necessary to know the actual state of the existing ultra-high pressure and the irrational and contradictory combustion injection by the hole nozzle, and to break away from the ultra-high pressure and hole injection system of the current diesel as soon as possible. is there.

Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the diesel combustion method, which has historically been difficult if the combustion is made perfect by improving the fuel refinement technology of this simple large-diameter short pin type nozzle and the mixed combustion conditions with air, is further improved. However, carbon dust PM that has plagued many organisms can be solved by rational complete combustion technology, and the environment of the earth can be improved. Gasoline engines and multi-fuel engines that have lower thermal efficiency than diesel are also end-gas knocked. The high compression ratio of the engine that had been sealed by the occurrence of this has been put into practical use, and the thermal efficiency can be increased like a diesel.

1 Engine head part 10 Air flow direction 2 Combustion chamber 11 Electronic control part 3 Large diameter short pin nozzle 12 Large diameter nozzle holder
4 Intake valve 13 Small gap opening / closing part 5 Sub intake valve 14 Common rail 6 Exhaust valve 15 Fine fuel 7 Valve back 16 Short pin side wall 8 Cylinder 17 Fine fuel spray group 9 Spark plug 18 Fuel
19 High voltage section

Claims (3)

For the purpose of miniaturization and diffusion expansion of the fuel group that injects the fuel injection nozzle of the internal combustion engine into the small cylinder, the pin diameter of the pin type nozzle is greatly shortened and the valve opening lift is controlled to perform the injection first. The fuel group is made thinner, and this thin fuel jet group is made to collide with the side wall surface of the short pin part, and the fine fuel group is made finer and diffused by collision and reaction from the side wall surface circumferential area. The control of injection pressure adjustment and injection timing by electronic control is performed by electronic control and the control of the irradiance of the fine fuel spray group and the development pattern is performed, and mixing of the injected fuel group and air in the combustion chamber of a small cylinder volume engine Fuel injection type internal combustion that adjusts the conditions by controlling the combination of air intake valve and valve seat and valve lift to complete combustion, and completes combustion by miniaturizing the fuel group and mixing with air Engine energy-saving low-pollution combustion method. The direct injection gas fuel injection nozzle is constituted by the large-diameter pin type nozzle according to claim 1 as means for reducing energy consumption, reducing pollution and reducing the cost of a gas fuel injection internal combustion engine. A nozzle for gas fuel injection that lubricates and cools the pin part necessary for injection is provided in the central region of the upper part of the cylinder combustion volume, and the injection combustion condition for complete combustion of the gas fuel group by layered injection of gas fuel or time-difference split injection For the purpose of configuration, the flow of the thin film gas fuel from the valve lift opening / closing part is first collided with the inclined surface or the uneven part forming the side of the short diameter pin, so that the splitting action of the thin gas fuel group and the gas fuel group and air The combustion of high-speed gas internal combustion engine is promoted by the mixing conditions of gas fuel and air in the cylinder volume, and the intake air flow is varied by the control of the intake valve, valve seat and valve lift. Gas adapted to the cycle Gas fuel stratified split injection combustion method for an internal combustion engine to reduce the harmful exhaust components and engine manufacturing cost achieving complete combustion of the charge. In the combustion method for an internal combustion engine according to claims 1 and 2, the flow direction of the air supplied into the combustion volume is processed, and the shapes of the air supply valve and the valve seat are processed as shown in FIGS. The directional flow of the air swirl and tumble is harmonized to enhance the cooling of the large diameter short pin nozzle part and the ignition part by supplying air and promote the mixing condition of the fine fuel group and air and air The EGR swirl eliminates the air-fuel mixture at the end of the cylinder and controls the generation of end gas knocking to increase the compression ratio of the engine, improving the thermal efficiency through complete combustion and using a wide variety of fuels An energy-saving low-pollution combustion method for a spark ignition internal combustion engine and a compression ignition combustion internal combustion engine.

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