JP2013011265A - Combined injection nozzle technique and control ignition combustion procedure for combustion injection type internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems with the heat efficiency of a gas engine and gasoline engine, the reduction of pollution caused by an exhaust gas, and soot and dust discharged from a direct injection diesel engine, by improving a mixing and vaporizing condition in which fuel and air are mixed and a control ignition condition in an internal combustion engine.SOLUTION: A fuel premixing gas group for accelerating the mixing and vaporizing action of a fuel group is structured by the directivity of the fuel injection direction of the internal combustion engine and the consistency of a combined nozzle injection group with a combustion volume part to suppress the end gas knocking phenomenon and thereby to increase a compression ratio and reduce the pollution. A combustion technique capable of solving the problems with the saving of more energy in the internal combustion engine, and PM carbonized soot and dust, and NOx related to the direct injection diesel engine is provided to improve the heat efficiency of the gas engine or gasoline engine and reduce the pollution caused by the exhaust gas with a high compression ratio combustion means by constructing the ignition condition in which the center region of the combustion volume part is controlled to be a start point of the combustion reaction by using a means for capable of being controlled to be ignited at the center region of a piston surface to uniform and reduce the combustion reaction period.

Description

The present invention relates to a controlled ignition combustion system and a composite injection nozzle technology for a fuel injection internal combustion engine.

Internal combustion engines are broadly divided into spark ignition and compression ignition combustion systems, depending on the difference between the combustion system and the fuel, and it is known that the fuel vaporization conditions for both combustion systems are important for the premise of the combustion reaction composition. . Combustion technology of internal combustion engine is a combustion technology by mixing the thermal energy of the fuel with air, and it is necessary to execute combustion conditions that should achieve high thermal efficiency combustion and reduce pollution of exhaust in a short cycle. The configuration of the optimum matching conditions for each element is not easy.

Internal combustion engines such as gasoline-fired spark ignition engines and diesel compression ignition engines that use diesel fuel oil as fuel are widely used as engines for automobiles, but this internal combustion engine that brings convenience to human life has also increased in billions in recent years. Continuing to do so, the consumption of finite and precious earth fuel resources and the global warming due to the massive emission of CO _2, air pollution due to harmful exhaust, environmental deterioration due to climate change and disaster crisis will lead to the next generation of living from the present Has come to threaten.

In addition, human struggle for the world's fuel resources has always been constant, and the environment of the earth, which is our only survival base, has gradually deteriorated. Development of automobiles and natural energy utilization technologies such as wind and solar are also being promoted, but wisdom, ingenuity, and years are necessary before the electrified society and electric power can play the role of an internal combustion engine. Utilizing and further improving the performance of internal combustion engines is the responsibility and understanding of the earth and the next generation of those currently involved in internal combustion engine technology.

Combustion technology for internal combustion engines is only 200 years since the invention was invented, and it is still insufficient to elucidate the physical matching conditions between fuel and air that reach the combustion reaction conditions. In particular, a spark ignition engine such as gasoline cannot adopt a high compression ratio even if fuel is injected, and the EFI system, which has a low heat efficiency due to the pump loss that is necessary to throttle the air supply during low load operation, has been used for a long time.

In addition, diesel engines that use light heavy oil, which has a higher compression ratio than gasoline engines and fueled by safety, have been continually demanding solutions from the time of the invention. Even nowadays, it is impossible to solve the problem, and post-treatment with a catalyst or trap is required, and the purpose of further improving the thermal efficiency has been delayed.

Therefore, the world began to reform at the request of President Obama who rushed to build an electrified society with quiet electric power without exhausting than an internal combustion engine that consumes valuable earth fuel resources and pollutes the atmosphere with exhaust However, it took a long time for electric vehicles and power storage technology to grow and become an alternative power source for internal combustion engines. It seems that the times will continue.

However, it is a concern that the global warming caused by CO ₂ from the engine exhaust and natural disasters caused by climate change will adversely affect human life. Therefore, the development of energy-saving and low-pollution technology for internal combustion engines is indispensable for improving the global environment, and there is a need for the development of new technologies for rational energy-saving and low-pollution internal combustion engines that can be put to practical use in various countries around the world.
Each combustion system of the current gasoline engine and diesel engine has a fundamental mistake in the configuration of the physical matching condition between fuel and air. For this reason, gasoline and gas engines have poor fuel economy, and the exhaust dust and NOx problems of diesel engines cannot be solved today even after 200 years.

In particular, in a diesel engine, a droplet fuel group injected into a high-temperature combustion chamber starts a combustion reaction from the outside that comes into contact with the high temperature, and the fuel particles inside the flame are naturally fumigated and naturally carbonized according to the droplet particles. In the system in which soot dust is physically configured and the fuel jet group from the multi-hole hole nozzle is directly injected into the adjacent piston combustion volume, the high temperature atmosphere in which oxygen is reduced by the compression ignition combustion of the preceding injection fuel group Due to the characteristics of the hole nozzle into which the subsequent fuel group enters, the subsequent fuel group burns with oxygen deficiency, and the cause of the generation of carbonized dust is further increased.

In order to improve this characteristic, a strong air flow action and a large amount of air are required to avoid polymerization of each jet from the multi-holes, and a rapid combustion temperature and pressure due to simultaneous arrival and reaction of the multi-holes at the multi-end region. The generation of NOx due to the rate of increase must also be suppressed. In addition, it is necessary to deal with the high heat load problem that the piston combustion volume receives, and the composition of a large amount of air and its flow conditions and the large power loss required for that impede the improvement of thermal efficiency.

The carbonized dust and NOx once generated in this unreasonable combustion cycle must depend on the post-treatment with catalyst and trap, and the current internal combustion engine combustion technology is still a developing technology and has many problems to be improved. It is.

The inventors of the present technology have developed EFI systems and direct-injection diesel engines for gasoline engines that have been developed mainly in Germany based on original thinking and combustion experiments on the basics of internal combustion engine combustion technology, and the world's basic engine combustion technology. We have been working on improving and solving the shortcomings and problems of combustion methods, and have shown specific methods. The present invention presents these further improvements.

References

1-1979 SAE 790501
2-1987 SAE 871689
3-1988 SAE 881241
4-1990 SAE 900608
5-1991 SAE 911769
6-1992 SAE 921645
7-1994 SAE 940667
8-1995 CIMAC 1995
9-1996 SAE 961159

Patent application documents

Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-123488
Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-247883
Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-294868

The internal combustion engine and combustion technology that blossomed with the European philosophy was improved with the Bosch electronic injection control technology that developed the gasoline EFI system at German VW and improved the fuel vaporization and fuel distribution to the multi-cylinder engine. The EFI system has been highly appreciated by automobile companies around the world and has been popularized and used around the world for 50 years since its adoption in automotive engines.

This EFI system injects fuel into the intake air of the engine, promotes the vaporization condition of the fuel and intake air by using the time of the intake stroke and compression of the piston, and vaporizes and gasifies the droplet fuel group, thereby carbonizing dust. It has been highly valued over fuel consumption for its ability to suppress the generation of NOx and to reduce the pollution of the exhaust gas by using a three-way catalyst.

However, the drawback is that the fuel injected into the intake passage reaches the end region of the cylinder as an air-fuel mixture, and this end air-fuel mixture will end when the combustion chamber pressure increases due to the combustion expansion pressure due to ignition at the top dead center of the piston. The end gas knocking phenomenon is generated in which the gas-air mixture self-ignites. This phenomenon needs to be suppressed because the frequency of occurrence increases as the compression ratio is increased, causing damage to the engine. The EFI method cannot adopt a compression ratio as high as that of the diesel, and can be used at low and no load. The fuel efficiency and thermal efficiency of gasoline engines are particularly bad because of the need to throttle the intake air.

In the direct injection diesel combustion method, the same flight jet characteristics of the front and rear fuel groups of the multi-hole hole nozzle, the piston combustion chamber inner wall and the nozzle hole are close, so that the mixing and vaporization conditions of the injected droplet fuel and air can be controlled. It is physically and temporally difficult to construct, and droplet combustion in a compressed heat atmosphere inevitably causes fumigation combustion inside the droplet and produces carbonized dust.

In addition, the subsequent fuel group enters into the combustion heat atmosphere started by the reaction of the fuel injected earlier, and the subsequent fuel is burnt in a thermal atmosphere with insufficient air, and the jet reaches the piston volume. The region will also be a rich fuel region, and the cause of carbonized dust will increase.

Thus, in order to achieve complete combustion of droplet fuel, a large amount of air and air flow conditions such as swirl are indispensable, and the supercharged turbine and swirl generation technology required for this air supply work is not easy. A lot of energy is needed. Also, in order to burn the carbonized dust once produced in the combustion cycle in the exhaust stroke, it requires a large amount of heat energy and catalyst technology required for recombustion, which increases the heat load and power burden on the engine and impairs thermal efficiency. .
For this reason, exhaust after-treatment technology is required to reduce PM charcoal dust and NOx.

A method of increasing the fuel injection pressure to up to more than 200MP improve the atomization of the liquid droplet fuel as a solution to this problem has also been continued for more than 100 years in the world in this way as carbide dust also PM _2.5 It has been found that it will atomize and affect living organisms and the fetus of pregnant women, and even ultra-high pressure injection technology requires a catalyst and trap technology to post-treat fine particulate dust, and direct injection diesel combustion engines become increasingly complex and expensive, aiming to improve thermal efficiency Is also in a downturn.

The combustion method based on the alignment of the multi-hole hole nozzle and the piston combustion volume, which is based on the current direct-injection diesel combustion method, diffuses fuel into the compression heat atmosphere in the large-diameter piston volume with a wide angle through the multi-holes. It is a fuel-injection combustion technology devised by engineers at the time using the directivity, habituation, diffusibility, and atomization of the possible hole nozzle, and emphasizes fuel efficiency without noise, exhaust dust and NOx regulations It is a technology that was constructed during the competitive era of low-speed large-scale engines. This combustion method is still used today as the basic technology of the diesel combustion method.

In order to obtain the low pollution of the exhaust and the lightness of the engine in addition to the high-speed rotation and high output demanded by today's automobile engines with the combustion technology in large engines with low engine speed at that time, first the combustion conditions that are the basics of internal combustion engines It is necessary to develop a new combustion technology that can increase the speed and to clarify the problems.

Fuel injection parts used for combustion in a direct injection internal combustion engine include a pump device that raises the pressure of the injected fuel, a nozzle that atomizes liquid fuel and injects it into the combustion chamber and supply air, the amount of fuel injection, and the start and end of injection It is composed of a fuel control unit that can be controlled, but more importantly, in a thermal atmosphere where droplet fuel particles can be ignited regardless of their size, the natural law that combustion starts from the outside touching heat Emphasis on the principles of physics is essential to improve the problem.

The droplet fuel begins to burn from the outside touching the heat, and the inside becomes fumigation combustion, so that dust is inevitably generated. In addition, soot is inevitably generated even in an air-deficient atmosphere. However, this basic principle is also considered to be able to be solved by atomizing droplets by ultra-high pressure and miniaturizing nozzle nozzle holes. The result of today is the approval of the diesel combustion method that relies on ultra-high pressure and split injection, which has delayed the resolution of PM carbon dioxide dust by 200 years.

The present invention relates to the main engine parts and components necessary for the construction of the technology based on the combustion system of the gasoline engine and the compression ignition combustion engine called diesel, which have been advanced and improved since being invented in Europe. Presenting an internal combustion engine and new combustion technology that can further reduce energy consumption and reduce pollution by analyzing existing concepts and existing technologies related to element and component matching from multiple angles and improving the basic problems Is an issue.

The present invention has controlled the world as the best combustion system for gasoline engines for the past 40 years, and has newly developed the cause of the end gas knocking phenomenon, which is a drawback of the electronically controlled fuel injection combustion system "EFI", and the combined combustion volume and direct fuel injection. Spark ignition due to the synergistic effect of the combustion structure that can reduce intake throttle loss and the configuration of the charge air combustion system that can solve the problem by matching with the nozzle technology and suppress the knocking caused by the end gas and enable the adoption of a high compression ratio The basic constitution means of the technology that achieves both energy saving and low pollution of the internal combustion engine is specifically presented.

In this basic configuration, as a means for promoting the gas mixture condition of the injected fuel group and the cylinder air, a combustion volume portion is formed in a conical cylindrical shape in the substantially central region of the cylinder-head portion, and the fuel injection direction is lowered on the upper portion thereof. The fuel injection nozzle that injects the narrow-angle spray and the narrow-angle annular spray from the injection nozzle directionally provided on the direction piston surface is positioned. According to the alignment of the combustion volume structure and the fuel injection nozzle, the fuel group and the air can be obtained by extending the time and distance of the fuel flight by injecting and flying toward the piston surface directed to the fuel group even at the piston bottom dead center position. The purpose of vaporizing and mixing conditions of fuel and air is advanced by improving the collision and contact action.

The fuel group injected from the nozzle and directed in the direction of the piston surface is blown away in the cylinder wall direction without impairing the lubrication action and does not deliver fuel to the end region, so end gas knocking occurs even if the compression ratio is increased. Therefore, the configuration of the fuel premixing vaporization condition by the early injection of the direct injection fuel group is rationally realized. This action is an essential basic technique for the configuration of the gasification condition of the fuel group and the air, which are demanded not only by the gasoline engine but also by various types of gas fuel combustion systems.

In particular, the early injection of the fuel group further promotes the mixing and vaporization conditions of the air due to the time and heat exchange effect of the reciprocation of the fuel group and air in the compression stroke by increasing the distance between the nozzle hole and the inside of the piston. As a result, the gas mixture of the liquid fuel at the top dead center of the piston is gasified and the cause of soot generation is drastically improved. In addition, the problem of carbon contamination in the spark plug portion and the nozzle nozzle portion is improved.

Furthermore, if the ignition start point of the air-fuel mixture at the compression top dead center is made as central as possible, the flame propagation and the spread of the diffusion flame are equalized, and the heat loss is reduced by shortening the combustion period.
Another feature of this combustion system is the means and effect of reducing the excessive heat load of the piston combustion volume part, which has been regarded as a problem, by the combustion volume part of the head part by sharing heat.

The fuel injection nozzle used in the combustion system of the present invention is a composite injection nozzle structure having a plurality of hole injection holes in the peripheral area of a pin injection hole portion of a pin type nozzle or a plurality of hole injection holes having a direct injection property on a piston surface. Injecting and opening / closing only a synthetic spray spray group or a hole spray group by narrow angle spray flow from multiple narrow angle narrow hole nozzle holes characterized by atomization of a narrow angle annular jet group having directivity It is characterized by means for performing the action by variable control of the core valve lift of the pin portion.

Unlike the conventional multi-hole hole nozzle, this nozzle has a suckless structure in addition to the easy internal machining of the hole hole hole. Will be done.

The conventional direct-injection diesel combustion method using a multi-hole hole nozzle is a combustion method of a droplet fuel group by a combination of a combustion volume portion and a wide-angle fuel injection nozzle, and is based on early fuel injection other than piston top dead center. The configuration of the premixed vaporization method of the fuel group and air is not possible because the diffusion fuel group is out of the combustion volume. Accordingly, in order to premix the droplet fuel group, it is necessary to use another method means, which further complicates the configuration.
In addition, even if a fuel group atomized by ultra-high pressure or split injection is injected into a thermal atmosphere, the physics principle that combustion starts from the outside in contact with heat does not change, and this combustion method saves energy and reduces pollution. It is an irrational and basic mistake to try to achieve the purpose of the conversion.

Conventional diesel engineers start burning from the outside in contact with heat in a high-temperature hot atmosphere that is injected even when droplet fuel particles are atomized, and the inside of the particles inevitably generates tiny carbonized dust by fumigation combustion. The principle is that it is unavoidable that 200 years have passed since it was unavoidable even if it was atomized, so it seems that future diesel technology can be expected to improve. However, the direct injection compression ignition combustion method based on the combination of the multi-hole hole nozzle and the piston combustion volume, which is the basis of combustion in the current direct injection combustion technology, is already a past technology as shown in the results of 200 years. The combustion technology is at a time of change to enter a new era.

It is also possible to physically understand that flame propagation and diffusion combustion methods starting from the central region are more advantageous for even shortening of the combustion reaction and thermal efficiency than starting from the end region of the combustible mixture group. However, the technology that can form the discharge electrode in the central area is considered difficult, and it seems that it will take time to expect an early improvement of this problem from engine engineers who rely on the existing spark plug technology.

As a means for solving this problem, the inventor has a configuration of an ignition condition in which a discharge electrode portion is formed in the central region of the movable piston surface and an appropriate ignition and ignition timing in a narrow range before and after the piston top dead center can be controlled. We have confirmed that it can be configured by the division formation method and processing technology. Therefore, we will present the configuration of the new combustion system, its advantages, effects, and means by matching the premixed vaporization conditions of the injected fuel group with the controlled ignition ignition conditions.

Furthermore, with regard to the reduction of NOx that frequently occurs in the combustion method by combining the conventional multi-hole nozzle and piston combustion chamber, the promotion of premixed vaporization of the fuel group and the rational combustion control starting from the central region of the combustion volume Another object is to provide means that can be improved by the ignition method.

The internal combustion engine and the combustion technology thereof according to the present invention are based on the premise of the fuel combustion condition configuration by matching the conical cylindrical combustion chamber with the narrow-angle compound injection nozzle for direct injection provided in the upper part thereof as described in claim 1. Collision and contact with air by extending the flight distance of the fuel group by aligning the nozzle injection technology with the combustion volume configured in the head as a means to rationally promote the gasification of the fuel group and the air in the cylinder The basic technology of an energy-saving and low-pollution engine that composes fuel droplets by vaporization and mixing, and eliminates the cause of PM carbon dust by vaporization and combustion of fuel.

Furthermore, the generation of the end gas knocking phenomenon, which has been regarded as a drawback of gasoline engines and gas engines, by suppressing the diffusion of the fuel mixture group to the cylinder wall and end region by the directivity of the injected fuel group and the combined injection characteristics of the nozzle The reason for this is that the high compression ratio can be adopted and the quality of energy-saving, low-pollution combustion technology for spark ignition internal combustion engines, multi-fuel engines, and gas fuel engines has been improved.

In addition, PM carbon dust and NOx problems that cannot be solved even in the compression ignition combustion system are aligned with the conical cylindrical combustion volume and the composite fuel injection nozzle, and fuel mixture pre-injection and accelerated premix vaporization by split injection technology The problem of carbonized dust generated by the combustion reaction is drastically improved by atomizing the fuel by gasification, and the multi-end region simultaneous reaction using the conventional multi-hole hole nozzle and piston combustion volume system This is due to the configuration and effect of the combustion technique in which the cause of the NOx generation due to the rapid pressure increase rate and temperature due to the EGR technique is also suppressed.

In addition, the discharge electrode is positioned at the center of the combustion volume near the compressed top dead center, and the optimal ignition ignition conditions before and after the piston top dead center are configured by the control ignition method to equalize flame propagation and diffusion flame. By controlling the combustion period and controlling the rate of increase in combustion pressure and controlling the combustion and temperature conditions that are the cause of PM carbon dust and NOx generated by the combustion reaction by the ignition control technology at the appropriate combustion reaction timing It is the construction and effect of a new combustion technology that can realize high compression ratio combustion of high octane fuel and improve the thermal efficiency and reduce the pollution of exhaust.
Furthermore, the existing low-pressure EFI technology is used for the fuel supply means, and the effect of the energy saving and low pollution new combustion technology means by this EFI technology and the piston center region ignition system is disclosed.

Engine perspective circuit configuration diagram Spray spray form Composite nozzle configuration diagram Partial enlarged view of the compound injection nozzle Synthetic spray diagram Layered spray diagram Piston electrode configuration diagram Electrode circuit configuration diagram EFI system configuration diagram

Hereinafter, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated using FIGS. The internal combustion engine control ignition method and composite injection nozzle technology of the present invention includes an engine body 1, a cylinder part 2, a cylinder head part 3, an intake passage 4, an exhaust passage 5, a piston 6, a fuel injection portion 7, a fuel electronic control portion 8, Ignition ignition electrode section 9, narrow angle compound injection nozzle 10, conical cylindrical combustion volume section 11, piston volume section 12, discharge control section 13, main control section 14, discharge insulation circuit section 15, high voltage generation section 16, etc. Have

As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention has a conical cylindrical combustion volume portion 11 in the substantially central region of the cylinder head portion 3, and a fuel jet group formed by a narrow-angle compound injection nozzle 10 on the upper portion thereof in the direction of the volume portion 12 of the piston 6. An ignition ignition electrode portion 9 is provided in a substantially central region of the piston volume portion 12 so as to direct injection.

A fuel group injected from the narrow-angle compound injection nozzle 10 is electromagnetically or mechanically operated by the fuel electronic control unit 8 so that the nozzle electronic valve 8 performs nozzle opening / closing, injection timing, injection amount, and the like according to instructions from the main control unit 14. When the engine is under heavy load, the injection mode is combined as shown in FIG. 2A. When the engine is lightly loaded or idling, the spray pattern can be changed by controlling the core valve lift as shown in B. It is the structure adjusted by the division | segmentation injection etc. of a small nozzle hole group injection.

The controlled fuel injection method of the narrow-angle compound injection nozzle 10 having the structure as shown in FIG. 3 is such that the collision and contact with the air and the heat exchange conditions are promoted by the flight extension of the fuel group by the early injection of the fuel, so that the droplet fuel droplets are fine. The carbonization and air-mixing conditions are drastically improved and the carbonization dust problem caused by droplet combustion is improved, so that the carbon contamination problem of the combustion volume, spark plug and nozzle nozzle is improved. Become.

The fuel narrow angle compound injection nozzle 10 has a pin-shaped core valve portion b in the central region of the injection directing nozzle surface a as shown in the enlarged view 4, and a plurality of small diameter hole injections in the peripheral region of the pin central injection hole c. A core valve b which has a structure having a hole d and which opens and closes each of the nozzle holes constituted by a plurality of nozzle holes d can be controlled by a core valve taper part e by the movement of the core valve part b to control the lift. This is a mechanism in which the opening / closing timing, period, and injection amount of the electromagnetic coil 32 or the mechanical control cam 33 are calculated by the main control unit 14 for sensing the load, rotation sensor, etc., and the indicated value is executed by the fuel electronic control unit 8.

Therefore, when the engine is under high load, the core valve lift and the valve opening period are increased, and the fuel is obtained by early injection by the narrow angle annular spray group of the pin hole and the composite spray group of the small hole nozzle as shown in FIG. The premixed vaporization conditions of the group are promoted, and when the engine is lightly loaded or stratified combustion, the spray pattern mainly for injection from the small hole nozzle hole is controlled by controlling the valve lift. Depending on the configuration, fuel injection conditions advantageous for the configuration of the stratified charge combustion conditions are configured without restricting the air as shown in FIG.

This narrow-angle compound injection nozzle is capable of jet directivity and machining from the inside of the pin hole and small hole nozzle holes as in f and g. Therefore, the problem of PM emission is reduced, and the spray pattern has a characteristic of diversifying.

In the present invention, a new combustion method including early injection is achieved in a high-temperature hot atmosphere by an existing spark ignition engine or air compression by matching the fuel injection technology by the direct injection compound fuel injection nozzle 10 and the conical cylindrical combustion volume 11 technology. The existing direct-injection diesel combustion system that diffuses and injects droplets of fuel into the fuel is difficult to solve even if a large amount of air work is used. By promoting the air entrainment conditions through the use of gas, the mixed gasification action is rationally achieved.

In a high-heat atmosphere constructed by conventional piston compression, droplet fuel is fueled by the fuel injection rule, and the combustion atmosphere temperature is further increased by pilot split injection of a multi-hole hole nozzle to promote ignition combustion conditions of the following fuel group, In the method of measuring the atomization of droplet fuel group by the exhaust ultra-high pressure injection that requires exhaust turbine technology for the configuration of a large amount of air and air flow conditions necessary for combustion in the rich fuel region in the piston combustion chamber The combustion method in which the aluminum piston is made of cast steel to withstand ultra-high pressure jets requires a sub-chamber and vortex chamber that constitute the air flow conditions indispensable for promoting combustion in the cavity, and is used for past combustion that is disadvantageous to power loss and thermal efficiency. It ’s a similar method.

In the combustion method of an internal combustion engine ignoring such laws of physics, PM charcoal dust and NOx, which have a downsizing effect due to supercharging by increasing the rigidity of the engine and parts, but the improvement in thermal efficiency due to the high compression ratio cannot be solved since the invention, The problem cannot be solved with a large amount of aerodynamic problems and problems such as engine costs and prices.

The present invention also presents a new technique regarding the configuration of the control ignition ignition condition of the internal combustion engine.
In this technology, the center area of the combustion volume is set to the ignition and ignition conditions in the center area of the burned volume portion as shown in FIG. It can be physically understood that the combustion method with the combustion reaction starting point and the combustion method of 36 is advantageous for flame propagation and combustion equalization of diffusion combustion and shortening of the combustion reaction period.

However, there are no examples in the world of practical application of discharge ignition technology that enables such discharge ignition and ignition methods in the central region of the combustion chamber. Inventors of the present combustion technique also locate the discharge electrode portion 13 in the central area of the piston surface by forming an insulating discharge circuit 15 inside the piston by dividing the structure and processing as shown in FIG. If a circuit that enables controlled discharge ignition in accordance with an instruction from the main control unit 14 is configured as an insulating circuit in the central region in the piston as shown in the drawing and the proximity energization method 37 is used, naturally the combustion chamber central region is regarded as the combustion reaction starting point. The purpose of improving the performance of the internal combustion engine is achieved by the high compression ratio combustion effect due to the suppression of stratified combustion conditions and end gas knocking, and the purpose of improving the global environment and the ultimate goal of resource protection can be approached can.

These new combustion methods and new component technologies are both important and important for companies that have grown through the production and improvement of existing technologies. Prioritize the development of such new combustion technologies and profits. However, the ego of companies that do not focus on the development of new technology is no longer allowed today.
The desirable performance of an internal combustion engine is that it is important to have a light weight per output and a low price in addition to an economical fuel economy suitable for output over a wide load range to be used and a low noise emission performance in addition to low noise performance. It must be a reasonable technology that can be produced in the country.

Therefore, according to this combustion method, the fuel consumption and the exhaust problem, which have been difficult to be improved by the mixer of the gasoline engine and the gas engine, and the EFI method, drastically improve the fuel consumption and the exhaust problem.
For this reason, the thermal efficiency of the direct injection diesel engine with the high compression ratio and the high safety of light oil fueled by fuel oil, and the exhaust charcoal dust are both due to ultra high pressure injection technology and excessive turbocharger technology. Compared to gasoline engines and gas fuel engines using new combustion technologies, the complexity, weight, and high equipment costs required for exhaust aftertreatment are all disadvantageous.

The cause of carbon dioxide dust in diesel exhaust, which has been regarded as a problem from the time of the invention, cannot be solved even by today's combustion technology. The physics principle underlying combustion is neglected and droplets are atomized. The direct injection diesel combustion system that relies on electronic control and split injection in the hope of solving the problem of the environment will confuse companies, and as a result, the purpose of improving thermal efficiency cannot be achieved and the global environment and the atmosphere will be consumed by enormous fuel consumption in the last 50 years. Diesel and spark ignition internal combustion engine systems that have expanded pollution have delayed the opportunity for improvement because of the greed of humans and corporate interests that require power without contributing to the conservation of the earth's resources and the environment. This is due to the absence of a technical teaching layer.

Combustion technology of internal combustion engines has many problems that cannot be answered unless repeated experiments are conducted.Many people who have studied these problems are still in the world because of various physical alignment conditions between fuel and air, which are the premise of combustion reaction. There is no. Therefore, I am confident that in the future internal combustion engine technology will continue to advance with further human wisdom and effort.

The present invention is a technique that can be modified with reference to a technique developed by the predecessor for each technique, and can be manufactured with existing machine tools. For example, the piston center electrode method, which is considered to be the most difficult to put into practical use, can be achieved by means such as dividing the aluminum-based piston or ceramic material and forming a current-insulating circuit inside and integrally casting it. Is one example.

As another example, according to the improved design as shown in FIG. 9 by utilizing the existing EFI technology and easy processing technology, the combustion method utilizing the advantages of the existing EFI method is supported by the cooperation of piston and spark plug companies. In other words, it is a resource-rich country that can be realized at an early stage and contribute to improving the global environment and improving the conservation of heat resources.

In the configuration example of FIG. 9, the configuration of the new combustion condition using the volatility of gasoline and gas fuel with high fuel octane number using the existing EFI and valve technology is passed through the main intake valve seat at the upper part of the main combustion volume chamber. In the existing EFI method, a stratified flow configuration is used in which a mixture group is supplied centripetally into the main combustion volume, and an air layer is formed by supplying air from the auxiliary intake valve close to the cylinder wall to the cylinder wall surface. This makes it possible to easily realize the configuration of high compression ratio combustion conditions with the existing EFI method, which suppresses the mixture from reaching the cylinder wall surface and end region and eliminates the occurrence of end gas knocking due to end region gas. It can be converted.

According to such air-fuel mixture supply conditions and volume center area control ignition means at the top dead center of the main combustion volume piston, combustion equalization of the combustion volume by flame propagation combustion with the ignition as the starting point of the combustion reaction The thermal efficiency is improved by the shortening effect of the combustion period, so that the carbonized dust is not generated, and the generation factor of NOx by lean combustion and EGR is also improved by the control effect of the combustion temperature.
Practical use of this engine combustion method does not require the development of advanced electronic control technology and capital investment, and the piston electrode method is a combustion technology that can be put into practical use by any engine company in the world using existing technology.

The fuel vaporization and mixing method of this internal combustion engine and the control ignition combustion method with the combustion reaction center in the central region of the combustion volume expand the use of various liquid fuels and gas fuels expected as next-generation fuels in addition to petroleum-based fuels. As a result, future thermal energy problems are greatly secured. Therefore, it is decided to use wisdom to disseminate gas fuel power engines in preference to dangerous nuclear heat energy utilization technology, and in particular to increase the thermal efficiency and lower pollution of gasoline engines that are frequently used as automobile engines. I think. In the future, the combustion technology of this internal combustion engine will be further improved, and the effect of the required technology being easily and inexpensively will contribute to the protection of the earth's resources and the improvement of the environment, and will be the joy of countries and human beings that rely on imports of fuel resources.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine body 2 Cylinder part 3 Cylinder head part 4 Intake path 5 Exhaust path 6 Piston 7 Fuel injection part 8 Fuel electronic control part 9 Ignition ignition electrode part 10 Narrow angle compound injection nozzle 11 Conical cylindrical combustion volume part 12 Piston volume part 13 discharge control unit 14 main control unit 15 discharge insulation circuit unit 16 high voltage generation unit 17 a is composite nozzle surface 18 b is pin-shaped core valve part 19 c is pin central nozzle hole 20 d is small diameter hole nozzle hole 21 e is the opening / closing seat 22 The arrows indicate the flow of air and gas.
23 Piston proximity electrical contact 24 Piston insulation circuit 25 Piston discharge electrode 26 Valve recess 27 Squish area 28 High voltage proximity contact 29 Nozzle core valve sliding part 30 Fuel volume part 31 Core valve lift control cam 32 Electromagnetic coil 33 Cam device 34 Valve cam 35 Double intake valve 36 Combustion reaction starting point 37 Proximity grounding part 38 Valve control part 39 EFI injection valve 40 Sub intake passage 41 Cylindrical main combustion volume part 42 Swivel bladed intake valve 43 Ring-shaped convex The shape part 44 shows progress of flame propagation.

Claims (6)

In a direct fuel injection piston internal combustion engine, the configuration of the vaporization and mixing conditions of the injected fuel group and air, which is the premise of the combustion reaction in the combustion volume portion, is regarded as important, and the directivity of the injected fuel group and the flight distance of the injected fuel are extended. The premixed vaporization condition in the collision contact is promoted by the matching technology of the conical cylindrical combustion volume and the composite injection nozzle, and the combustion conditions of the spark ignition combustion engine and the compression ignition engine are controlled by the conical cylindrical combustion volume and the fuel combined injection. An internal combustion engine and a premixed vaporization accelerating combustion method, characterized in that it is configured by matching technology, early injection, and divided injection means.   2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the vaporization and mixing conditions of the injected fuel group and the combustion chamber air are promoted. In order to achieve this, a discharge electrode is provided in the center area of the upper surface of the piston, an insulation energization circuit is formed in the piston, and the combustion conditions by flame propagation and diffusion flame with the piston center area of the combustion volume as the starting point of the combustion reaction are featured Control ignition combustion method for internal combustion engines.   3. The combustion type engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a nozzle hole part of a fuel injection nozzle necessary for constituting a fuel-air mixture condition on which a combustion reaction is premised has a compound nozzle structure, and a nozzle core valve lift is variable. In this structure, the fuel is controlled and the valve is opened and closed, and the fuel injection conditions required for the combustion chamber combustion atmosphere configuration are the conical cylindrical combustion volume provided in the head and the spray directivity of the nozzle positioned above and the multi-hole. It is diversified by the compound injection means with the nozzle holes and pin type nozzles, and the structure of the fuel spray pattern can be changed according to the load by configuring it by matching with the early fuel injection and the divided injection control means. Air required for mixing with air by the fuel jet spray diffusion energy by suppressing knocking due to end region gas by suppressing the scattering of fuel and air-fuel mixture group in the cylinder wall direction and increasing the compression ratio of the engine Fluid The energy saving of direct injection internal combustion engine by improving the compression ratio of the engine by improving the compression ratio of the engine, improving the problem of PM charcoal dust generation by unburned fuel in the thermal atmosphere due to the lack of fuel-air mixture. And an air-fuel mixture formation method using an internal combustion engine and a direct-injection composite nozzle characterized by the purpose of reducing pollution of exhaust gas. 3. A narrow-angle combined injection nozzle system for a fuel injection nozzle effective for the combustion system and combustion technology configuration according to claim 1 and 2 and a discharge electrode section having a combustion reaction starting point in the central area of the piston surface of the combustion volume section. By controlling and igniting the discharge ignition combustion conditions at any timing in the compressed atmosphere around the dead center, the mixture gas mixture layered charge combustion is achieved, and the high compression ratio of the engine by the narrow angle compound injection nozzle of the fuel direct injection engine And control ignition combustion method of internal combustion engine that can cope with combustion of various fuels. CNG, LNG, LPG, and other gas fuels that are difficult to ignite with compression. Combustion conditions of gas fuel and air with a direct-injection composite nozzle suppress the end-region diffusion and enable a high compression ratio. It is possible to improve and solve the problems of high-efficiency combustion of internal combustion engines and energy-saving and low-pollution with gas fuel, which is expected as energy in the future, by making the air group to flame propagation combustion from the central region of the combustion chamber by the controlled ignition method A gas fuel internal combustion engine that contributes to the improvement of the earth's environment and the preservation of fuel resources through the configuration of a gas fuel combustion system with high thermal efficiency and its combustion method. A cylindrical main combustion volume part is formed at the substantially central part of the cylinder-head part, and a main intake passage and a soot valve with intake swirl vanes are provided on the upper part thereof, and a fuel electron injection nozzle part protrudes into the intake passage. In an EFI engine that enables controlled injection supply of volatile liquid fuel or gas fuel into the intake passage, the fuel that is injected by the low-pressure electronic control injection system during the opening of the intake valve in the intake stroke The fuel and air are mixed before and after passing through the valve seat due to the flow of air and fuel that flows into the cylindrical combustion volume when the valve is opened between the intake valve and the valve seat. The flow direction of the air-fuel mixture flowing into the part is deflected by the R part of the main combustion volume wall part and the convex ring part provided on the volume wall part, and is supplied into the combustion volume part as a centripetal mixed swirl flow toward the cylinder center axis. And closer to the cylinder wall The air intake direction from the auxiliary intake passage and the auxiliary intake valve arranged in the position is developed so as to flow along the cylinder wall, and an air layer is developed in the vicinity of the cylinder wall, so that EGR exhaust can be mixed in the air. An internal combustion engine capable of achieving a high compression ratio of the engine while achieving the purpose of lowering the exhaust gas by eliminating the knocking phenomenon caused by end gas by stratifying the main intake air-fuel mixture group as a flow path configuration The above-mentioned configuration is composed of a control ignition means with an ignition electrode in which the ignition condition at the compression top dead center of the piston is configured in the center area of the piston surface, and a reasonable combustion condition with the combustion volume center area as the starting point of the combustion reaction. It is characterized by high octane and high calorific value gas and high compression ratio combustion conditions of gasoline engine by configuration, and can achieve the purpose of energy saving and low pollution of internal combustion engine with existing EFI technology and machining technology Multi-fuel spark Fire burning internal combustion engine and the combustion system.

Images