JP2014068620A - Food product blended with insoluble dietary fiber, and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Food product blended with insoluble dietary fiber, and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014068620A JP2014068620A JP2012219132A JP2012219132A JP2014068620A JP 2014068620 A JP2014068620 A JP 2014068620A JP 2012219132 A JP2012219132 A JP 2012219132A JP 2012219132 A JP2012219132 A JP 2012219132A JP 2014068620 A JP2014068620 A JP 2014068620A
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- dietary fiber
- food
- insoluble dietary
- producing
- sugar
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、不溶性食物繊維を含む食品、すなわちベーカリー製品や、かまぼこ等の水練製品等の食品において、不溶性食物繊維の添加に由来する食感の劣化、すなわち粉感・ボソボソ感を改善して、ソフトでしっとりとした食感を有し、かつ口溶け感が良く、風味も良好な食品を提供すること及びその製造方法に関する。特に、ソフトでしっとりとした食感と口溶け感等の食感が良好な、食パン等のベーカリー製品の製造方法に関する。 In the present invention, foods containing insoluble dietary fiber, i.e., bakery products, food products such as kamaboko and other water-dried products, the deterioration of the texture resulting from the addition of insoluble dietary fiber, i.e., the feeling of powder and vomit, The present invention relates to providing a food having a soft and moist texture, a good mouth-melting feeling and a good flavor, and a method for producing the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing a bakery product such as bread that has a soft and moist texture and a good mouthfeel.
生活習慣病対策として、食品の低カロリー化、並びに繊維成分の積極的な摂取が推奨されて久しいところである。実際に食品において低カロリー化、並びに繊維成分の付与を検討する場合、最も一般的な手法として食物繊維素材を配合する手法が挙げられる。 It has been a long time since food calorie reduction and active intake of fiber components have been recommended as countermeasures for lifestyle-related diseases. When considering the reduction of calories and the provision of fiber components in foods, the most common technique is to mix a dietary fiber material.
食物繊維は、食品中の成分のうち、人間の消化酵素で消化されない成分の総称である。食物繊維は多くの効能があるため、五大栄養素に続く、「第六の栄養素」として、大変重要視されている。食物繊維は、水に溶ける水溶性食物繊維と、水に溶けない不溶性食物繊維に大別され、それぞれ生体内で異なる生理機能を示す事から水溶性食物繊維と不溶性食物繊維それぞれの値が食品成分表に記載されるとともに、水溶性食物繊維と不溶性食物繊維の両区分の総和が総食物繊維として食品成分表に記載されている。 Dietary fiber is a general term for ingredients in food that are not digested by human digestive enzymes. Dietary fiber has many effects, so it is regarded as very important as the “sixth nutrient” following the five major nutrients. Dietary fiber is roughly classified into water-soluble dietary fiber that is soluble in water and water-insoluble dietary fiber that is insoluble in water. In addition to being described in the table, the sum total of both the water-soluble dietary fiber and the insoluble dietary fiber is described in the food composition table as total dietary fiber.
既存の水溶性食物繊維として、ペクチン質、植物ガム(グアーガム)、粘質物(マンナン)、海藻多糖類(アルギン酸、ラミナリン、フコイダン)、難消化性デキストリン、ポリデキストロース、イヌリン等があるが、ペクチン質、グアーガム、マンナン等を食品に配合した場合、配合量に応じて、食品製造過程におけるドウやバッターの物性に与える影響、更には最終製品に与える形状や食感への影響が大きくなる。また、低粘性の水溶性食物繊維はドウやバッターの性状に大きな影響を与えるため、これらを生成する工程を含む食品にそのまま適用することは困難であった。また、膨化を伴うパン類や焼き菓子類は、低粘性の水溶性食物繊維を配合することで膨化が妨げられるため、最終製品の火通りが悪くなったり、製品表面が硬くなったりする、といった問題点も見られた。したがって、水溶性食物繊維素材の適用は、食品の既存原料に単純に追加したり、小麦粉等の穀粉原料との置換では困難である。 Existing water-soluble dietary fibers include pectin, plant gum (guar gum), mucilage (mannan), seaweed polysaccharides (alginic acid, laminarin, fucoidan), indigestible dextrin, polydextrose, inulin, etc. When guar gum, mannan, etc. are blended in food, the effect on the physical properties of dough and batter in the food production process, and on the shape and texture of the final product increase depending on the blending amount. Moreover, since the low-viscosity water-soluble dietary fiber has a great influence on the properties of dough and batter, it has been difficult to apply it directly to foods including a process for producing them. In addition, bread and baked confectionery with swelling are prevented from swelling by blending low-viscosity water-soluble dietary fiber, so that the final product becomes poorly fired and the product surface becomes hard, etc. There were also problems. Therefore, application of a water-soluble dietary fiber material is difficult by simply adding it to an existing raw material of food or replacing it with a flour raw material such as wheat flour.
一方、既存の不溶性食物繊維素材としては、例えばレジスタントスターチ、アップルファイバー、コーンファイバー、ビートファイバー、大豆ファイバー、小麦ファイバー、大豆ふすま、小麦ふすま、セルロース、結晶セルロース、及びヘミセルロース等がある。これらの素材は、水溶性食物繊維に比べてバッターやドウへの物性に与える影響が総じて小さく、より多量の配合が可能であり、特に一部のレジスタントスターチなどは小麦粉製品において小麦粉の一部を代替することで、簡単に処方組みができる場合もあり、きわめて汎用性が高い。具体的にはベーカリー製品や麺製品などで幅広く活用されている。しかしながら、不溶性食物繊維素材は加熱調理を経た後もその構造がほとんど変化しないものが多く、配合された食品の食感を粉っぽく、ボソボソとした感じに改質してしまうという問題点がみられた。 On the other hand, existing insoluble dietary fiber materials include, for example, resistant starch, apple fiber, corn fiber, beet fiber, soybean fiber, wheat fiber, soybean bran, wheat bran, cellulose, crystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, and the like. These materials have less impact on the physical properties of batters and doughs compared to water-soluble dietary fiber, and can be added in larger amounts.Particularly, some resistant starches are part of the flour in flour products. By substituting, there are cases where prescription can be easily done and is extremely versatile. Specifically, it is widely used in bakery products and noodle products. However, many insoluble dietary fiber materials do not change in structure even after cooking, and the texture of the blended food is modified to a powdery and voluminous feel. It was.
こうした点を改善する方法として、例えばパン類のようなベーカリー製品において、製品にソフト感やしっとり感等の食感を付与させるために、製造原料に種々の配合成分や配合剤を配合することが開示されている。例えば、パン製造生地に、食用油脂類或いは食用油脂類と糖類或いは水溶性多糖類、水溶性蛋白質等からなる組成物を添加することが開示されている(特許文献1〜5)。また、パン原料である小麦粉に、ホエー蛋白質や、鶏卵粉末や乳蛋白、小麦蛋白、大豆蛋白等の蛋白素材を添加することが開示されている(特許文献6,7)。 As a method for improving such a point, for example, in a bakery product such as breads, in order to give the product a texture such as a soft feeling and a moist feeling, various blending ingredients and compounding agents may be blended into the manufacturing raw material. It is disclosed. For example, it is disclosed that a composition comprising edible fats and oils or edible fats and sugars, water-soluble polysaccharides, water-soluble proteins, or the like is added to bread-making dough (Patent Documents 1 to 5). In addition, it is disclosed that protein materials such as whey protein, chicken egg powder, milk protein, wheat protein, and soy protein are added to wheat flour, which is a raw material for bread (Patent Documents 6 and 7).
更に、パン類の製造に際して、マルトヘキサオースやマルトペンタオースのような糖類を配合すること(特許文献8)、デキストランやセルロースのような多糖類を含有するパン改良剤を添加すること(特許文献9,10)、グルコース重合度600以上、グルコース重合度200〜600、グルコース重合度40以上の糖質を特定割合で配合した糖質からなる品質改良剤を配合すること(特許文献11)、平均粒子径が20μm以下のグアーガム、ペクチン、ローカストビーンガムのような増粘安定剤を添加すること(特許文献12)も開示されている。 Furthermore, in the production of breads, sugars such as maltohexaose and maltopentaose are blended (Patent Document 8), and bread improvers containing polysaccharides such as dextran and cellulose are added (Patent Documents). 9, 10), blending a quality improver composed of a saccharide having a glucose polymerization degree of 600 or more, a glucose polymerization degree of 200 to 600, and a glucose polymerization degree of 40 or more in a specific ratio (Patent Document 11), average The addition of a thickening stabilizer such as guar gum, pectin or locust bean gum having a particle size of 20 μm or less is also disclosed (Patent Document 12).
また、パン類の製造に際して、原料に、小麦粉やトウモロコシ、ジャガイモ等のα化澱粉を配合すること(特許文献13〜15)、パン類の製造に際し、パン原料に、エーテル化澱粉、エステル化澱粉、架橋エーテル化澱粉、或いは架橋エステル化澱粉のような化工澱粉を配合すること(特許文献16〜18)、及び、パン類の製造に際し、パン原料に、α化架橋澱粉を配合すること(特許文献19)、水溶性低分子食物繊維と不溶性食物繊維を併用すること(特許文献20)も開示されている。このように、既にタンパク質、油脂、澱粉類や多糖類といった、高分子物質を利用する検討事例は数多くあるものの、製品味覚への影響や付与された食感等において、必ずしも満足のいくものではなかった。 In addition, in the production of breads, blended with starch, pregelatinized starch such as wheat flour, corn, potato, etc. (Patent Documents 13 to 15), and in the production of breads, etherified starch and esterified starch Compounding modified starch such as crosslinked etherified starch or crosslinked esterified starch (Patent Documents 16 to 18), and blending pregelatinized starch with bread ingredients in the manufacture of breads (patents) Document 19), the combined use of water-soluble low-molecular dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber (Patent Document 20) is also disclosed. As described above, there are already many examples of studies using high-molecular substances such as proteins, fats and oils, starches, and polysaccharides, but they are not always satisfactory in terms of the effect on the product taste and the texture imparted. It was.
食物繊維と希少糖を含む生体機能改善組成物に関する技術(特許文献21)も開示されている。しかしながら、水溶性食物繊維と希少糖もしくは希少糖を含む異性化糖を配合することに関する技術であり、不溶性食物繊維と希少糖含有シロップの配合については何ら検証されておらず、得られる食品に対する食感的な影響を確認できていなかった。 A technique related to a biological function improving composition containing dietary fiber and rare sugar (Patent Document 21) is also disclosed. However, it is a technology related to blending water-soluble dietary fiber and rare sugars or isomerized sugars containing rare sugars, and the composition of insoluble dietary fiber and rare sugar-containing syrup has not been verified at all. The emotional effect could not be confirmed.
本発明の目的は、食品において低カロリー化、並びに繊維成分の付与を実現するための簡便且つ有力な手法である食物繊維素材、とりわけ不溶性食物繊維素材を添加・配合された食品の質を向上させることにある。より具体的には不溶性食物繊維の添加に由来する食感の劣化、すなわち粉っぽさやボソボソ感を改善して、ソフトでしっとりとした食感を有し、かつ口溶け感が良い食品を提供することにある。 The object of the present invention is to improve the quality of foods containing and blended with dietary fiber materials, especially insoluble dietary fiber materials, which is a simple and powerful technique for realizing low calorie and providing fiber components in foods. There is. More specifically, the deterioration of the texture resulting from the addition of insoluble dietary fiber, i.e., improving the powderiness and tingling sensation, providing a food with a soft, moist texture and good mouth melt. There is.
本発明者は、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、不溶性食物繊維素材と、希少糖含有シロップとを組み合わせて配合した食品を調製したところ、ベーカリー製品の場合においては、ソフトでしっとりとし、かつ口溶感の良さを付与したベーカリー製品を製造することができることを見いだし、かつ、他の食品の場合においても容易に食品の製造が処方組み、試作が可能であり、得られた製品が総じて粉っぽさが軽減され、ソフトな食感となることを検証して、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor prepared a food containing a combination of an insoluble dietary fiber material and a rare sugar-containing syrup, and in the case of a bakery product, it was soft and moist. In addition, it has been found that bakery products with good mouth-melting sensation can be produced, and in the case of other foods, food products can be easily formulated and prototyped, and the resulting products However, the present invention has been completed by verifying that the powderiness is generally reduced and the texture becomes soft.
すなわち、本発明は、以下の食品に関する製造方法を提供する。
1)食物繊維含量が30%以上である不溶性食物繊維と、希少糖含有シロップを配合していることを特徴とする食品の製造方法。
2)不溶性食物繊維の食物繊維含量が40%以上である(1)に記載の食品の製造方法。
3)不溶性食物繊維の食物繊維含量が50%以上である(1)又は(2)のいずれか一項に記載の食品の製造方法。
4)不溶性食物繊維の食物繊維含量が60%以上である(1)〜(3)のいずれか一項に記載の食品の製造方法。
5)不溶性食物繊維がレジスタントスターチであることを特徴とする(1)〜(4)のいずれか一項に記載の食品の製造方法。
6)レジスタントスターチが架橋タイプである(5)に記載の食品の製造方法。
7)希少糖含有シロップが、D−プシコースを0.5〜17質量%及びD−アロースを0.2〜10質量%含むシロップである、(1)〜(6)のいずれか一項に記載の食品の製造方法。
8)希少糖含有シロップが、D−グルコース及び/若しくはD−フラクトースを原料とし、D−グルコース及び/若しくはD−フラクトース含量が55〜99質量%になるまでアルカリ異性化したシロップである、(1)〜(7)のいずれか一項に記載のベーカリー製品の製造方法。
9)不溶性食物繊維の含有量が食品総量の5%以上を占めることを特徴とする(1)〜(8)のいずれか一項に記載の食品の製造方法。
10)不溶性食物繊維の含有量が食品総量の10%以上を占めることを特徴とする(1)〜(9)のいずれか一項に記載の食品の製造方法。
11)不溶性食物繊維の含有量が食品総量の20%以上を占めることを特徴とする(1)〜(10)のいずれか一項に記載の食品の製造方法。
12)食品がベーカリー製品である(1)〜(11)のいずれか一項に記載の食品の製造方法。
That is, this invention provides the manufacturing method regarding the following foodstuffs.
1) A method for producing a food, comprising insoluble dietary fiber having a dietary fiber content of 30% or more and a rare sugar-containing syrup.
2) The method for producing a food according to (1), wherein the dietary fiber content of the insoluble dietary fiber is 40% or more.
3) The method for producing a food according to any one of (1) and (2), wherein the dietary fiber content of the insoluble dietary fiber is 50% or more.
4) The method for producing a food according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the dietary fiber content of the insoluble dietary fiber is 60% or more.
5) The method for producing a food according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the insoluble dietary fiber is a resistant starch.
6) The method for producing a food according to (5), wherein the resistant starch is a crosslinked type.
7) The rare sugar-containing syrup is a syrup containing 0.5 to 17% by mass of D-psicose and 0.2 to 10% by mass of D-allose, according to any one of (1) to (6). Food manufacturing method.
8) The rare sugar-containing syrup is a syrup obtained by alkaline isomerization using D-glucose and / or D-fructose as a raw material until the D-glucose and / or D-fructose content is 55 to 99% by mass. The manufacturing method of the bakery product as described in any one of (7)-(7).
9) The method for producing a food according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the content of insoluble dietary fiber accounts for 5% or more of the total amount of food.
10) The method for producing a food according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the content of insoluble dietary fiber accounts for 10% or more of the total amount of food.
11) The method for producing a food according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein the content of insoluble dietary fiber accounts for 20% or more of the total amount of food.
12) The method for producing a food according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the food is a bakery product.
また、本発明は、以下に記載のベーカリー製品を提供する。
13)(1)〜(12)のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法によって製造された食品。
The present invention also provides the following bakery products.
13) A food produced by the production method according to any one of (1) to (12).
本発明により、不溶性食物繊維を配合する食品に見られる粉っぽさやボソボソ感を解消し、ソフトでしっとりとし、かつ口溶感の良さを付与した食品を製造することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to produce a food that is soft and moist, and has a good mouth melt feeling, which eliminates the powderiness and tingling sensation found in foods containing insoluble dietary fiber.
本発明でいう不溶性食物繊維は、水に不溶の繊維素材で、プロスキー変法(五訂 日本食品標準成分表分析マニュアルの解説(中央法規出版))によって測定される食物繊維含量が30%以上の物をいう。具体的にはレジスタントスターチ、コーンファイバー、ビートファイバー、大豆ファイバー、小麦ファイバー、アップルファイバー、大豆ふすま、小麦ふすま、セルロース、結晶セルロース、及びヘミセルロース等があるが、例示されるものに限るものではなく、プロスキー変法によって測定される食物繊維含量が30%以上の物であればよく、このうちの1種類もしくは2種類以上を併用してよい。市販品の例は非特許文献1等で確認することができ、それらの繊維含有率は概ね30%以上となっている。 The insoluble dietary fiber referred to in the present invention is a fiber material that is insoluble in water, and has a dietary fiber content of 30% or more as measured by the Prosky modified method (commentary of the 5th edition Japanese Food Standard Composition Table Analysis Manual (published by the Central Law)). Means things. Specific examples include resistant starch, corn fiber, beet fiber, soybean fiber, wheat fiber, apple fiber, soybean bran, wheat bran, cellulose, crystalline cellulose, and hemicellulose, but are not limited to those exemplified. As long as the dietary fiber content is 30% or more as measured by the modified Prosky method, one or more of them may be used in combination. Examples of commercially available products can be confirmed in Non-Patent Document 1, etc., and their fiber content is approximately 30% or more.
本発明で用いられる不溶性食物繊維は食品へ多量に配合することの容易なレジスタントスターチを選択することが好ましく、より好ましくは味の点でクセがなく、多量の配合に適した架橋タイプのレジスタントスターチを選択した場合に大きな効果を発揮する。 The insoluble dietary fiber used in the present invention is preferably selected from resistant starch that can be easily incorporated into foods in a large amount, and more preferably has no habit in taste and is a cross-linked type resistor suitable for large amounts. This is very effective when selecting a starch.
本発明は食品の原材料として、食物繊維含量が30%以上、好ましくは40%以上、より好ましくは50%以上、最も好ましくは60%以上である不溶性食物繊維と、希少糖含有シロップを配合することで実現される。 In the present invention, as a raw material of food, an insoluble dietary fiber having a dietary fiber content of 30% or more, preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more, most preferably 60% or more, and a rare sugar-containing syrup are blended. It is realized with.
本発明のレジスタントスターチとは、消化酵素に対して抵抗性を示す澱粉の総称である。一般にRS1〜RS4と分類されるが、本特許においてはこのいずれを選択してもよい。なおRS1の例として小麦ふすまであるブランエース粉状(日本製粉(株)製)、RS2の例として日食ロードスター(日本食品化工(株)製)、ハイメイズ1043(日本エヌエスシー(株)製)、RS3の例としてC☆Actistar 11700((株)カーギルジャパン製)、RS4の例としてパインスターチRT、ファイバージムRW(いずれも松谷化学工業(株)製)、Actistar RT 75330((株)カーギルジャパン製)を挙げることができる。架橋タイプのレジスタントスターチとはRS4の一形態であり、澱粉に架橋処理を施して酵素抵抗性を発現しているレジスタントスターチをいう。先にRS4として例示したパインスターチRT、ファイバージムRW、Actistar RT 75330はいずれも架橋タイプのレジスタントスターチである。なおRS4にはエーテル化、エステル化により酵素抵抗性を発現しているタイプもあり、本特許ではどちらでも用いることができるが、架橋タイプの方が粉っぽさは強く出るため、本発明の技術は架橋タイプのレジスタントスターチに対して実施されるほうがその効果が高い。 The resistant starch of the present invention is a generic name for starch that shows resistance to digestive enzymes. Although generally classified as RS1 to RS4, any of these may be selected in this patent. Examples of RS1 include wheat bran powder (made by Nippon Flour Milling Co., Ltd.), and examples of RS2 are solar eclipse roadster (manufactured by Nippon Shokuhin Kako Co., Ltd.) and Hi-Maze 1043 (manufactured by NSC Japan). As an example of RS3, C ☆ Actistar 11700 (manufactured by Cargill Japan), as an example of RS4, Pine Star RT, Fiber Gym RW (both manufactured by Matsutani Chemical Co., Ltd.), Actistar RT 75330 (Cargill Japan) Manufactured). Cross-linked resistant starch is a form of RS4 and refers to a resistant starch in which starch is cross-linked to develop enzyme resistance. The pine starch RT, fiber gym RW, and Actistar RT 75330 exemplified above as RS4 are all bridge type resistant starches. In addition, there is a type that expresses enzyme resistance by etherification or esterification in RS4, and either can be used in this patent, but the cross-linking type is more powdery, so the present invention The technique is more effective when applied to cross-linked resistant starch.
本発明でいう食品は不溶性食物繊維を配合・添加しうる食品であればどのような食品でもかまわない。すなわちベーカリー製品類、和洋菓子類、米飯類、調味料類、水練り製品、畜肉製品、各種クリームやフラワーペースト類などに加えて、低カロリーや食物繊維付与の要望が高い健康食品全般、たとえば錠剤やタブレット、青汁(顆粒、粉末を含む)、エネルギーゼリー、ヨーグルトなどが例示されるが、これらに限定されるものではない。このような食品に対して、甘味を補強するために、アセスルファムカリウム、アスパルテーム、ステビア、スクラロースなどの高甘味度甘味料、エリスリトール、ソルビトール、マルチトール、キシリトールなどの糖アルコールを併用しても差し支えない。本発明の食品は、小麦粉を不溶性食物繊維に置き換え、砂糖などの甘味成分を希少糖あるいは希少糖を含む異性化糖に置き換えることで、比較的容易に処方組みが可能なベーカリー製品が特に適している。 The food referred to in the present invention may be any food as long as it is a food that can contain and add insoluble dietary fiber. In other words, in addition to bakery products, Japanese and Western confectionery, cooked rice, seasonings, water-kneaded products, livestock meat products, various creams and flower pastes, general health foods with high demand for low calories and dietary fiber, such as tablets and Examples include, but are not limited to, tablets, green juice (including granules and powder), energy jelly, and yogurt. In order to reinforce sweetness for such foods, high-intensity sweeteners such as acesulfame potassium, aspartame, stevia, and sucralose, and sugar alcohols such as erythritol, sorbitol, maltitol, and xylitol may be used in combination. . The food of the present invention is particularly suitable for bakery products that can be formulated relatively easily by replacing wheat flour with insoluble dietary fiber and replacing sweet ingredients such as sugar with rare sugars or isomerized sugars containing rare sugars. Yes.
上記食品においては、不溶性食物繊維の添加目的である食物繊維の増強、食品の低カロリー化に達成するために、不溶性食物繊維の含有量が食品総量の5%以上、好ましくは10%以上、さらに好ましくは20%以上を占めるように配合するのがよい。 In the above food, in order to achieve the enhancement of dietary fiber, which is the purpose of adding insoluble dietary fiber, and to reduce the calorie of the food, the content of insoluble dietary fiber is 5% or more, preferably 10% or more of the total amount of food, It is preferable to blend so as to occupy 20% or more.
本発明でいうベーカリー製品は、一種または二種以上の主原料粉に、少なくとも水、食塩及び/又は気泡を生じせしめる材料を加え、更にそれぞれの食品を製造する上で必要な副材料を加えてドウもしくはバッターを形成し、これを加熱調理して含水率が約2〜50%とした食品であって、加熱調理前又は加熱調理中にパン酵母、ベーキングパウダー、全卵、卵白等によって大なり小なり気泡を生じせしめた食品である。主原料粉である穀粉は、主に小麦粉を挙げることができるが、その他、米粉、澱粉(例えば、コーンスターチ、ワキシーコーンスターチ、馬鈴薯澱粉、米澱粉、もち米澱粉、タピオカ澱粉、小麦澱粉、サゴ澱粉、甘藷澱粉など)、加工澱粉(例えば、架橋澱粉、アセチル化澱粉、エーテル化澱粉、アセチル化架橋澱粉、エーテル化架橋澱粉、酸化澱粉、オクテニルコハク酸澱粉など)、酸処理澱粉、酸焙焼澱粉、全粒粉、トウモロコシ粉、ライ麦粉なども含む。また、全粒粉、ライ麦、米、トウモロコシ、大麦、ひえ、あわ、きび、発芽玄米、黒米、赤米、大豆、小豆、アマランサス、キヌアなどを混入しても良く、組成的には特に限定されるものではなく、一般的な原材料が使用可能である。また副材料は、一般にベーカリー製品の製造に使用されている副材料、或いはベーカリー製品の種類、望まれる品質などによって使用されている副材料で、具体的には砂糖、グルコース、異性化糖、オリゴ糖、還元澱粉分解物等の糖質、脱脂粉乳、全乳粉末などの乳製品、ショートニング、マーガリン、バター、乳化油脂等の油脂類、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、ステアロイル乳酸カルシウム等の乳化剤、シナモン、バジリコ等の香辛料、ブランデー、ラム酒などの洋ベーカリー製品、レーズン、ドライチェリー等のドライフルーツ、アーモンド、ピーナツ等のナッツ類、αアミラーゼ、βアミラーゼ、グルコアミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、リパーゼ、キシラナーゼ、ヘミセルラーゼ、グルコースオキシダーゼ等の酵素、香料(例えばバニラエッセンス)、人工甘味料(例えばアスパルテーム)、ペクチン、グアガム分解物、アガロース、グルコマンナン、ポリデキストロース、アルギン酸ナトリウム、セルロース、ヘミセルロース、リグニン、キチン、キトサン、難消化性デキストリン等の食物繊維、レジスタントスターチ、活性グルテン、ココアパウダー等が例示できる。 The bakery product as referred to in the present invention includes at least water, salt, and / or a material that generates bubbles in one or more main raw material powders, and further adds auxiliary materials necessary for producing each food. A dough or batter that is cooked and cooked to a moisture content of about 2 to 50%, increased by baker's yeast, baking powder, whole egg, egg white, etc. before or during cooking It is a food that produces bubbles. The flour that is the main ingredient flour mainly includes wheat flour, but also rice flour, starch (for example, corn starch, waxy corn starch, potato starch, rice starch, glutinous rice starch, tapioca starch, wheat starch, sago starch, Sweet potato starch, etc.), modified starch (eg, cross-linked starch, acetylated starch, etherified starch, acetylated cross-linked starch, etherified cross-linked starch, oxidized starch, octenyl succinic acid starch, etc.), acid-treated starch, acid roasted starch, whole grain starch Including corn flour and rye flour. In addition, whole grains, rye, rice, corn, barley, barnyard millet, awa, acne, germinated brown rice, black rice, red rice, soybeans, red beans, amaranthus, quinoa, etc. may be mixed, and the composition is particularly limited Rather, common raw materials can be used. In addition, the secondary material is a secondary material generally used in the manufacture of bakery products, or a secondary material used depending on the type of bakery product, desired quality, and specifically, sugar, glucose, isomerized sugar, oligosaccharide. Sugar, sugars such as reduced starch decomposition products, dairy products such as skim milk powder, whole milk powder, fats and oils such as shortening, margarine, butter, emulsified oil and fat, emulsifiers such as glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, and stearoyl calcium lactate Spices such as cinnamon and basil, brandy, baked products such as rum, dried fruits such as raisins and dried cherries, nuts such as almonds and peanuts, α-amylase, β-amylase, glucoamylase, protease, lipase, xylanase, Enzymes such as hemicellulase and glucose oxidase, Fragrance (for example, vanilla essence), artificial sweetener (for example, aspartame), pectin, guar gum degradation product, agarose, glucomannan, polydextrose, sodium alginate, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, chitin, chitosan, dietary fiber such as indigestible dextrin , Resistant starch, active gluten, cocoa powder and the like.
本発明における希少糖とは、糖の基本単位である単糖のうち、自然界に大量に存在するD−グルコース(ブドウ糖)に代表される「天然型単糖」に対して、自然界に微量にしか存在しない単糖を「希少糖」と定義付けられている。単糖は全部で59種類あり、そのうち天然型単糖は7種類、希少糖は52種類確認されている。希少糖の存在量は非常に少なく、例えばD−アロースは、D−グルコース(ブドウ糖)に比べて圧倒的に存在量が少ない。 The rare sugar in the present invention is a small amount in nature compared to the “natural monosaccharide” represented by D-glucose (glucose), which is abundant in nature among the simple sugars that are basic units of sugar. A non-existing monosaccharide is defined as a “rare sugar”. There are 59 types of monosaccharides in total, of which 7 types of natural monosaccharides and 52 types of rare sugars have been confirmed. The amount of rare sugar present is very small. For example, D-allose has an overwhelmingly small amount compared to D-glucose (glucose).
そのなかでも、現在、大量生産が可能な希少糖は、D−プシコースとD−アロースである。D−プシコースは、ケトヘキソースに分類されるプシコースのD体であり、六炭糖である。また、D−アロースは、アルドースに分類されるアロースのD体であり、同じく六炭糖である。D−プシコースは、自然界から抽出されたもの、化学的又は生物学的な方法により合成されたもの等を含め、どのような手段により入手してもよい。D−アロースは、D−プシコースを含有する溶液にD−キシロースイソメラーゼを作用させて、D−プシコースからD−アロースを生成させる(特許文献22)などして入手できるが、この方法に限定せず、どのような手段により入手してもよい。 Among them, currently, rare sugars that can be mass-produced are D-psicose and D-allose. D-psicose is a D-form of psicose classified as ketohexose and is a hexose. Moreover, D-allose is D form of allose classified into aldose, and is also hexose. D-psicose may be obtained by any means including those extracted from the natural world, those synthesized by chemical or biological methods, and the like. D-allose can be obtained by causing D-xylose isomerase to act on a solution containing D-psicose to produce D-allose from D-psicose (Patent Document 22), but is not limited to this method. It may be obtained by any means.
本発明における希少糖含有シロップは、上述の希少糖(例えば、D−ソルボース、D−タガトース、L−ソルボース、D−プシコース、D−アロース、D−アルトロース)を適宜選択し、一般的なシロップ(液糖)に適宜混合することでも得られるが、市販品「レアシュガースウィート」(発売元:(株)レアスウィート、販売者:松谷化学工業(株))として、容易に入手することができる。 As the rare sugar-containing syrup in the present invention, the above-mentioned rare sugars (for example, D-sorbose, D-tagatose, L-sorbose, D-psicose, D-allose, D-altrose) are appropriately selected and general syrup is used. It can also be obtained by mixing with (liquid sugar) as appropriate, but it can be easily obtained as a commercially available product “Rare Sugar Sweet” (Released by: Rare Sweet, Inc .; Seller: Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). .
「レアシュガースウィート」は、異性化糖を原料とし、特許文献23に開示される手法により得られる希少糖を含有するシロップであり、希少糖として主にD−プシコース及びD−アロースが含まれるように製造されたものである。該手法により得られる希少糖含有シロップに含まれる希少糖は、D−プシコース0.5〜17質量%、D−アロース0.2〜10質量%であるが、未同定の希少糖も含まれる。 "Rare Sugar Sweet" is a syrup containing rare sugars obtained from the isomerized sugar as a raw material and obtained by the method disclosed in Patent Document 23. The rare sugars mainly contain D-psicose and D-allose. Is manufactured. The rare sugars contained in the rare sugar-containing syrup obtained by this method are 0.5 to 17% by mass of D-psicose and 0.2 to 10% by mass of D-allose, but unidentified rare sugars are also included.
この希少糖含有シロップを得る方法は、上記手法に限られるものではなく、単糖(D−グルコースやD−フラクトース)にアルカリを作用させ、19世紀後半に発見された反応、ロブリー・ドブリュイン−ファン エッケンシュタイン転位反応やレトロアルドール反応とそれに続くアルドール反応を起こさせ(以上の反応をアルカリ異性化反応と呼ぶ)、生じた各種単糖(希少糖含む)を含むシロップを広く「希少糖含有シロップ」と呼ぶことができ、D−グルコース及び/若しくはD−フラクトースを原料として、D−グルコース及び/若しくはD−フラクトース含量が55〜99質量%になるまでアルカリ異性化したシロップであればよい。 The method for obtaining this rare sugar-containing syrup is not limited to the above-mentioned method, but a reaction discovered in the latter half of the 19th century by causing an alkali to act on a monosaccharide (D-glucose or D-fructose), Robly de Bruin-phan Erykenstein rearrangement reaction, retroaldol reaction and subsequent aldol reaction (the above reaction is called alkali isomerization reaction), and syrups containing various monosaccharides (including rare sugars) are widely used. Any syrup that is alkali-isomerized from D-glucose and / or D-fructose as a raw material until the D-glucose and / or D-fructose content is 55 to 99% by mass.
希少糖の測定方法は種々存在するが、高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより分離測定する方法が一般的であり、測定条件の一例として、特許文献23に記載の測定条件が挙げられる(検出器;RI、カラム;三菱化成(株)MCI GEL CK 08EC、カラム温度;80℃、移動相;精製水、移動相流量;0.4mL/min、試料注入量;10μL)。 Although there are various methods for measuring rare sugars, a method for separating and measuring by high performance liquid chromatography is common, and examples of the measurement conditions include the measurement conditions described in Patent Document 23 (detector; RI, column) Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd. MCI GEL CK 08EC, column temperature; 80 ° C., mobile phase; purified water, mobile phase flow rate: 0.4 mL / min, sample injection amount: 10 μL).
前記希少糖含有シロップの製造に使用される原料としては、でん粉、砂糖、異性化糖などが挙げられる。異性化糖とは、特定組成比のD−グルコースとD−フラクトースを主組成分とする混合糖として広く捉えられ、一般的には、でん粉をアミラーゼ等の酵素又は酸により加水分解して得られた、主にブドウ糖からなる糖液を、グルコースイソメラーゼまたはアルカリにより異性化したブドウ糖及び果糖を主成分とする液状の糖のことを指す。JAS規格においては、果糖含有率(糖のうちの果糖の割合)が50%未満のものを「ブドウ糖果糖液糖」、50%以上90%未満のものを「果糖ブドウ糖液糖」、90%以上のものを「高果糖液糖」、及びブドウ糖果糖液糖にブドウ糖果糖液糖を超えない量の砂糖を加えたものを「砂糖混合果糖ブドウ糖液糖」とよぶが、本発明の希少糖含有シロップの原料としては、何れの異性化糖を用いても構わない。 Examples of the raw material used for the production of the rare sugar-containing syrup include starch, sugar, and isomerized sugar. Isomerized sugar is widely regarded as a mixed sugar mainly composed of D-glucose and D-fructose in a specific composition ratio, and is generally obtained by hydrolyzing starch with an enzyme such as amylase or an acid. In addition, it refers to a liquid sugar mainly composed of glucose and fructose obtained by isomerizing a sugar solution mainly composed of glucose with glucose isomerase or alkali. According to the JAS standard, “fructose fructose liquid sugar” has a fructose content (ratio of fructose in sugar) of less than 50%, “fructose dextrose liquid sugar” has 50% or more and less than 90%, and 90% or more. Is called "high fructose liquid sugar", and glucose fructose liquid sugar added with an amount of sugar not exceeding glucose fructose liquid sugar is called "sugar mixed fructose glucose liquid sugar". The rare sugar-containing syrup of the present invention Any isomerized sugar may be used as the raw material.
本発明における食品を製造する際には、上記希少糖含有シロップが含まれるよう設定することが必須であり、その使用量は、粉っぽさやボソボソ感を改善して、ソフトでしっとりとした食感を有し、かつ口溶け感が良苦なる効果を得ることができるのであれば特に制限はなく、その食品本来の味のバランス等を考慮して適宜調整すればよい。 When producing the food in the present invention, it is essential to set the syrup containing rare sugar, and the amount used is a soft and moist food that improves the powderiness and feeling of vomit. There is no particular limitation as long as it has a sensation and an effect of improving the feeling of melting in the mouth, and it may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the balance of the original taste of the food.
例えば、食パン、フランスパンなど、元々甘味が殆どないベーカリー製品の場合、希少糖含有シロップを主原料粉100質量%に対して、0.1〜10質量%となるように設定して添加することにより、効果的に改善効果を得ることができる。最終製品中における添加した糖の含有量が0.1質量%未満の場合、改善効果が不十分なため、0.1%以上、好ましくは0.5質量%以上添加するのがよい。また、10質量%以上では、菓子パンなどのような元来甘味の強いベーカリー製品等に対しては問題ないが、それ以外のベーカリー製品には強い甘味を与えて全体的な味のバランスを損ねてしまうことになるし、経済的観点からも、10質量%までに留めるほうが良い。 For example, in the case of bakery products such as white bread and French bread that have almost no sweetness, add a rare sugar-containing syrup to 0.1 to 10% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the main ingredient powder. Thus, an improvement effect can be obtained effectively. When the content of the added sugar in the final product is less than 0.1% by mass, the improvement effect is insufficient, so 0.1% or more, preferably 0.5% by mass or more is added. In addition, at 10% by mass or more, there is no problem with bakery products with originally strong sweetness such as confectionery bread, but other bakery products are given strong sweetness to impair the overall taste balance. From an economic point of view, it is better to keep it to 10% by mass.
菓子パンのような元来甘味の強いベーカリー製品等の場合は、主原料粉100質量%に対して、希少糖含有シロップの割合が、1〜30質量%となるように設定して添加することにより、効果的に改善効果を得ることができるし、スポンジケーキなどの場合は、原料粉100質量%に対して、希少糖含有シロップの割合が、5〜160質量%となるように設定して添加することにより、効果的に改善効果を得ることができる。 In the case of bakery products such as confectionery bread that have a strong original sweetness, the ratio of the rare sugar-containing syrup is set to 1 to 30% by mass and added to 100% by mass of the main raw material powder. In the case of a sponge cake, etc., it can be effectively added and set so that the ratio of the rare sugar-containing syrup is 5 to 160% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the raw material powder. By doing so, an improvement effect can be obtained effectively.
また、本発明の効果は、いずれの食品でも得られるが、希少糖含有シロップは、通常の糖質と比べ、カロリーが低い、資化されない糖質を含むことから、低カロリー、低糖質の食品において、更に本発明の改善効果を持たせることができる。このようにして得られる食品は、食感・食味に優れ、さらに、低カロリー食品に利用された場合には、健康と嗜好性が両立されるという、産業上利用上、非常に高い価値を有するものとなる。 The effects of the present invention can be obtained with any food, but the rare sugar-containing syrup contains low-calorie, non-assimilated saccharides compared to normal saccharides. Therefore, the improvement effect of the present invention can be further provided. The food obtained in this way has a very high value in terms of industrial use, in that it is excellent in texture and taste, and when used in low-calorie foods, both health and palatability are compatible. It will be a thing.
以下、実施例により本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明の技術的範囲はこれらの例示に限定されるものではない。この実施例及び参考例においては、「部」は重量部を示す。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention more concretely, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to these illustrations. In the examples and reference examples, “parts” represents parts by weight.
以下の実施例においては、希少糖含有シロップとして、「レアシュガースウィート(以下RSSと省略)」(発売元:(株)レアスウィート、販売者:松谷化学工業(株))を用いた。 In the following examples, “rare sugar sweet (hereinafter abbreviated as RSS)” (release source: Rare Sweet Co., Ltd., seller: Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as the rare sugar-containing syrup.
(食パン)
表1,3に従って食パンを試作し、表4に従って粉っぽさと製品ボリュームを比較した。不溶性食物繊維サンプルとして、表2に示す4種を選択し試験に供した。不溶性食物繊維の種類、容量に依らず、RSSの添加による粉っぽさ、ボソボソした食感の改善が認められた。
According to Tables 1 and 3, a bread was made as a trial, and according to Table 4, the powderiness and the product volume were compared. Four types of insoluble dietary fiber samples shown in Table 2 were selected and used for the test. Regardless of the type and volume of insoluble dietary fiber, improvements in powderiness and texture with the addition of RSS were observed.
(繊維強化ロールパン)
表5,6に従って、繊維強化ロールパンを作成した。単純に不溶性食物繊維を添加したコントロールに比べて、粉っぽさが改善された繊維強化ロールパンを得ることができた。
Fiber reinforced rolls were prepared according to Tables 5 and 6. A fiber-reinforced bread roll with improved powderiness was obtained compared to the control in which insoluble dietary fiber was simply added.
(低糖質・低カロリークッキー)
表7に従って、低糖質・低カロリークッキーを作成した。すなわち、卓上縦型ミキサーでビーターを用いてすべての原料を混合した後、30分間休ませた。生地を4.5mmに圧延後、型抜きしベーキングシートを敷いた天板に並べ上火170℃、下火150℃のオーブンで17分間焼成した。得られた実施例3のクッキーは良好な食感を有し、比較例3のクッキーに比べて、糖質65.7%カット、カロリー20.8%カットのクッキーとなった。
According to Table 7, low sugar and low calorie cookies were prepared. That is, all ingredients were mixed using a beater with a desktop vertical mixer, and then rested for 30 minutes. After rolling the dough to 4.5 mm, the dough was cut out on a baking sheet with a die cut and laid on a baking sheet, and baked in an oven at 170 ° C. on the top and 150 ° C. on the bottom. The obtained cookie of Example 3 had a good texture, and was a cookie with a sugar cut of 65.7% and a calorie of 20.8% compared to the cookie of Comparative Example 3.
(低糖質フィナンシェ)
表8に従って、低糖質フィナンシェを作成した。すなわち、卓上縦型ミキサーでビーターを用いて卵白、グラニュー糖を混合した後、RSS、薄力粉、パインスターチRT、アーモンドパウダー、ベーキングパウダーを加えて混合し、そこに予め温めてとかしたバターを混合した後、30分間休ませた。生地をフィナンシェ型に注ぎ、上火200℃、下火170℃のオーブンで13分間焼成した。得られた実施例4のフィナンシェは良好な食感を有し、比較例4のフィナンシェに比べて、糖質24.9%カットのフィナンシェとなった。
Low carbohydrate financiers were made according to Table 8. That is, after mixing egg white and granulated sugar using a beater with a tabletop vertical mixer, RSS, soft flour, pine starch RT, almond powder, baking powder were added and mixed, and preheated butter was mixed there After that, I rested for 30 minutes. The dough was poured into a financier mold and baked in an oven at 200 ° C. and 170 ° C. for 13 minutes. The obtained financier of Example 4 had a good texture, and was a financier with a cut of 24.9% of carbohydrate compared to the financier of Comparative Example 4.
(低糖質蒸しパン)
表9に従って、低糖質蒸しパンを作成した。すなわち、上白糖、トレハ、RSSを水に溶かしておき、卵白、生クリームを加えた後、薄力粉、ファイバージムRW、ベーキングパウダー、食塩、ノヴァザン80、スクラロース、シュガーエステルを一緒に篩い入れ、全材料をダマがなくなる程度を目安とし低速2分ミキシングした。得られた生地を30分ねかした後、カップ型(底なし)にグラシンカップをしき、生地重量100gで分注した後、1気圧の蒸気で15分蒸し上げた。得られた低糖質蒸しパンはソフトで不溶性食物繊維特有のボソボソ感が弱い蒸しパンだった。
A low sugar steamed bread was prepared according to Table 9. That is, dissolve white sucrose, treha and RSS in water, add egg white and fresh cream, then sift together flour, fiber gym RW, baking powder, salt, Novazan 80, sucralose and sugar ester. The mixture was mixed for 2 minutes at low speed, using as a guide the extent to which there was no lumps. After the obtained dough was kneaded for 30 minutes, a glassine cup was poured into a cup shape (no bottom), dispensed at a dough weight of 100 g, and then steamed with 1 atm of steam for 15 minutes. The resulting low-sugar steamed bread was a soft and weak steamed bread peculiar to the insoluble dietary fiber.
(低カロリー中華まん)
表10,11に従って低カロリー中華まんを作成した。得られた中華まんを常法に従って加温し、喫食したところ、実施例6は比較例6に比べてソフトな舌触りであり、粉っぽさが緩和されていた。
Low-calorie Chinese buns were prepared according to Tables 10 and 11. When the obtained Chinese bun was heated and eaten according to a conventional method, Example 6 had a softer texture than that of Comparative Example 6, and the powderiness was alleviated.
(蒲鉾)
表12に従って、揚げ蒲鉾を製造した。すなわち、冷凍すり身をフードカッターで5分間荒ずりし、食塩を添加して塩ずりを10分行い、でん粉、調味料類、及び氷水を加えて本ずりを10分間行った。得られた肉糊を一定形状に成型し、160℃の油で4分間の油調後冷却し、揚げ蒲鉾を得た。得られた揚げ蒲鉾は、良好な食感であった。
Fried rice cake was produced according to Table 12. That is, frozen surimi was roughened with a food cutter for 5 minutes, salt was added and salted for 10 minutes, and starch, seasonings, and ice water were added for 10 minutes. The obtained meat paste was molded into a fixed shape, cooled with oil at 160 ° C. for 4 minutes, and then cooled to obtain fried rice cake. The obtained deep-fried rice cake had a good texture.
(ソフトヨーグルト)
表13に従って、ソフトヨーグルトを作成した。すなわち、スターター以外の原料を攪拌しながら90℃まで加熱溶解した後、TKホモミキサーで5,000rpm1分間ホモジナイズした。得られた乳液を90℃10分間静置加熱した後、40℃まで冷却した。そこにスターターを添加して35℃17時間発酵させ、冷蔵庫で冷やしてソフトヨーグルトを得た。このソフトヨーグルトは官能的に違和感のない良好な製品だった。
Soft yogurt was made according to Table 13. That is, after stirring and stirring raw materials other than the starter to 90 ° C., the mixture was homogenized with a TK homomixer at 5,000 rpm for 1 minute. The obtained emulsion was heated at 90 ° C. for 10 minutes and then cooled to 40 ° C. A starter was added thereto, fermented at 35 ° C. for 17 hours, and cooled in a refrigerator to obtain soft yogurt. This soft yogurt was a good product with no sense of incongruity.
(食物繊維強化焼売)
食物繊維強化焼売を表14の配合に従って作成した。すなわち表14に示した配合原料を混合して具材とし、市販されている焼売用の皮4gに、具材25gを包餡した後、100℃、12分間常法に従って蒸し上げた。得られた焼売の粗熱を取り、急速冷凍を行って焼売製品とした。得られた焼売を常法に従って加温し、喫食したところ、実施例は比較例に比べてソフトな舌触りであり、粉っぽさが緩和されていた。
A dietary fiber reinforced pottery was made according to the formulation in Table 14. That is, the ingredients shown in Table 14 were mixed to prepare ingredients, and 25 g of ingredients were wrapped in 4 g of commercially available baked leather, and then steamed according to a conventional method at 100 ° C. for 12 minutes. The raw heat of the obtained bake was taken, and quick freezing was performed to obtain a bake product. When the obtained shochu was heated and eaten according to a conventional method, the example had a soft touch compared with the comparative example, and the powderiness was alleviated.
生活習慣病対策として、食品の低カロリー化、並びに繊維成分の積極的な摂取を促すため、不溶性食物繊維を配合する食品を設計した際に、その欠点となる食感の粉っぽさを容易に改善できる方法として、希少糖含有シロップを利用することで不溶性食物繊維を配合する食品の利用を拡大させ、より良好な食感で健康に良い食品を食べたいという消費者のニーズに応えた新しい手段を提供するものである。 As a measure against lifestyle-related diseases, when designing foods that contain insoluble dietary fiber to promote low-calorie food intake and active intake of fiber components, the texture of powder that is a drawback is easy As a method that can be improved, the use of rare sugar-containing syrups will expand the use of foods that contain insoluble dietary fiber, and this will meet the needs of consumers who want to eat healthy foods with a better texture. It provides a means.
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