JP2012176974A - 1,3−オキサチオランヌクレオチドの製造方法 - Google Patents
1,3−オキサチオランヌクレオチドの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012176974A JP2012176974A JP2012114415A JP2012114415A JP2012176974A JP 2012176974 A JP2012176974 A JP 2012176974A JP 2012114415 A JP2012114415 A JP 2012114415A JP 2012114415 A JP2012114415 A JP 2012114415A JP 2012176974 A JP2012176974 A JP 2012176974A
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- Prior art keywords
- oxathiolane
- protected
- mixture
- chr
- mmol
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- WJJSZTJGFCFNKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-oxathiolane Chemical compound C1CSCO1 WJJSZTJGFCFNKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 12
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Natural products CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002373 hemiacetals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1C1=CCCCC1 GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZEYHEAKUIGZSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxybenzoic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ZEYHEAKUIGZSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KDVYCTOWXSLNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-t-Butylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KDVYCTOWXSLNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butyrate Chemical compound CCCC([O-])=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 102100038239 Protein Churchill Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005213 alkyl heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- CVICEEPAFUYBJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole Chemical group C1=C(Cl)C=C2OC(F)(F)OC2=C1 CVICEEPAFUYBJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 65
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- -1 2-substituted-4-substituted-1,3-dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 description 40
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 39
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytosine Chemical compound NC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1 OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- UHTGOHGMLQZWAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (5-oxo-1,3-oxathiolan-2-yl)methyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC1OC(=O)CS1 UHTGOHGMLQZWAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N flucytosine Chemical compound NC1=NC(=O)NC=C1F XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229960004413 flucytosine Drugs 0.000 description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- ZRDBSYAWEPHALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (5-acetyloxy-1,3-oxathiolan-2-yl)methyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(C)=O)CS1 ZRDBSYAWEPHALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 13
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229940104302 cytosine Drugs 0.000 description 11
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Natural products OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- CSRZQMIRAZTJOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl iodide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)I CSRZQMIRAZTJOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000003833 nucleoside derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 241000725303 Human immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 7
- DVECBJCOGJRVPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyryl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(Cl)=O DVECBJCOGJRVPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 7
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OOFGXDQWDNJDIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiolane Chemical group C1COSC1 OOFGXDQWDNJDIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 6
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymine Chemical compound CC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- JMMOQNCIYAMRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC1COC(C)(C)O1 JMMOQNCIYAMRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VTNSLLLTSAGIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diethoxyethyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC(OCC)OCC VTNSLLLTSAGIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005949 ozonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- IGFXRKMLLMBKSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N purine Chemical compound N1=C[N]C2=NC=NC2=C1 IGFXRKMLLMBKSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 5
- CHFYSOCPHBZWAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-oxathiolan-2-ylmethanol Chemical compound OCC1OCCS1 CHFYSOCPHBZWAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=O)N1 ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- MCQRPQCQMGVWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;methylsulfanylmethane Chemical compound [B].CSC MCQRPQCQMGVWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001640 fractional crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- RIEABXYBQSLTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobutyrin Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RIEABXYBQSLTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003835 nucleoside group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 4
- OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-olate Chemical compound CC(C)[O-] OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium periodate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]I(=O)(=O)=O JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-but-2-ene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC\C=C/CO ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical class C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YUIOPHXTILULQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dithiane-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC1CSC(O)CS1 YUIOPHXTILULQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GIOCILWWMFZESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCCO GIOCILWWMFZESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LAGVSZQYJZPFLR-RIHPBJNCSA-N 4-amino-5-fluoro-1-[(2r,5s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]pyrimidin-2-one;hydrochloride Chemical class Cl.C1=C(F)C(N)=NC(=O)N1[C@H]1O[C@@H](CO)SC1 LAGVSZQYJZPFLR-RIHPBJNCSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromercury Chemical compound [Hg]Cl RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- LBQAJLBSGOBDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitro azanylidynemethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OS(=O)(=O)C#N LBQAJLBSGOBDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004663 cell proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004296 chiral HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000259 cinnolinyl group Chemical group N1=NC(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940125961 compound 24 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125846 compound 25 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125877 compound 31 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004210 cyclohexylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009615 deamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006481 deamination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960000366 emtricitabine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate;hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC.CCOC(C)=O OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000013595 glycosylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006206 glycosylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- GCXZDAKFJKCPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)CO GCXZDAKFJKCPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001261 isocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002032 methanolic fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRDXJKGNWSUIBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Chemical group [CH2]OC1=CC=CC=C1 HRDXJKGNWSUIBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004355 nitrogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VBQDMVOVSDFIJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiolan-5-one Chemical class O=C1CCSO1 VBQDMVOVSDFIJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WURFKUQACINBSI-UHFFFAOYSA-M ozonide Chemical compound [O]O[O-] WURFKUQACINBSI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- GJVFBWCTGUSGDD-UHFFFAOYSA-L pentamethonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCC[N+](C)(C)C GJVFBWCTGUSGDD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004592 phthalazinyl group Chemical group C1(=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011027 product recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001042 pteridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=NC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000561 purinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=C2N=CNC2=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidine-2-thiol Chemical compound SC1=NC=CC=N1 HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XVIAPHVAGFEFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CN=CN=C1 XVIAPHVAGFEFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006340 racemization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012419 sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl(dimethyl)silicon Chemical group C[Si](C)C(C)(C)C ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylstannane Chemical compound CCCC[SnH](CCCC)CCCC DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003627 tricarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ILWRPSCZWQJDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN(CC)CC ILWRPSCZWQJDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940075420 xanthine Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】1,3−オキサチオラン環を製造し、次いで1,3−オキサチオランをピリミジンまたはプリン塩基と縮合させる効率よい方法を包含する、1,3−オキサチオランヌクレオシドを製造する方法が提供される。本明細書に記載する方法を使用して、化合物は単離された鏡像異性体として製造することができる。
【選択図】なし
Description
米国特許第5,047,407号および欧州特許出願公開No.0,382,526(またBioChem Pharma,Inc.に譲渡された)には、ラセミ体2−置換−5−置換−1,3−ジオキソランが抗ウイルス活性を有することが開示しており、そして2−ヒドロキシメチル−5−(シトシン−1−イル)−1,3−オキサチオラン(以下においてBCH−189と呼ぶ)がHIVに対してAZTとほぼ同一の活性を有し、毒性が低いことが特別に報告されている。3TCとして知られている、BCH−189の(−)−鏡像異性体(Litta他に対する米国特許第5,539,116号)は、現在米国においてヒトのHIVの治療のために商業的に販売されている。また、EP 513,200B1参照。
米国特許第5,204,466号には、メルカプト酢酸(チオグリコール酸)をグリコアルデヒドと反応させて2−(R−オキシ)−メチル−5−オキソ−1,3−オキサチオランを生成することを介して1,3−オキサチオラン環を製造することが開示されている。
米国特許第5,204,466号には、事実上完全なβ−立体選択性を提供する、ルイス酸として塩化錫を使用して1,3−オキサチオランを保護されたピリミジン塩基と縮合させる方法が開示されている。また、下記の文献を参照のこと:Choi他、″In Situ Complexation Directs the Stereochemistry of N-Glycosylation in the synthesis of Oxathiolanyl and Dioxolanyl Nucleoside Analogues″、J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991、213、9377−9379。塩化錫を使用すると、除去が困難な望ましくない残基および副生物が反応の間に生成する。
米国特許第5,272,151号には、2−O−保護−5−O−アシル化−1,3−ジオキソランを酸素または窒素−保護プリンまたはピリミジン塩基とチタン触媒の存在下に反応させることを包含する、1,3−オキサチオランヌクレオシドを製造する方法が記載されている。
米国特許第5,728,575号において、ブタ肝臓エステラーゼ、ブタ膵臓リパーゼ、またはスブチリシンを使用して5'−アシル保護ラセミ体ヌクレオシドの酵素的分割を介して3TCおよびFTCを得る方法が特許請求されている。米国特許第5,539,116号において、米国特許第5,728,575号の分割方法の生成物である3TCが特許請求されている。
米国特許第5,892,025号(Liotta他)において、アセチル化β−シクロデキストリンキラルカラムにシス−FTCを通過させることによって、シス−FTCの鏡像異性体の組合わせを分割する方法が特許請求されている。
ヒト免疫不全ウイルスおよびB型肝炎ウイルスの処置における1,3−オキサチオランヌクレオシドの重要性に照らして、本発明の目的は、製造規模で使用することができる1,3−オキサチオランヌクレオシドを製造する方法を提供することである。
1,3−オキサチオラン環を製造し、引き続いて1,3−オキサチオランをピリミジンまたはプリン塩基と縮合させる効率よい方法を包含する、1,3−オキサチオランヌクレオシドを製造する方法が提供される。本明細書に記載する方法を使用すると、化合物を単離された鏡像異性体として提供することができる。
5−(O保護基)−2−保護ヒドロキシメチル−1,3−オキサチオランまたはその5−アセチルオキシ誘導体を、シトシンまたは5−フルオロシトシンを包含する、保護シリル化ピリミジンまたはプリン塩基と、ルイス酸の存在下に縮合させて、高いβ−選択性を有する対応するヌクレオシドを製造することができる。
1,3−オキサチオラン環を製造し、引き続いて1,3−オキサチオランをピリミジンまたはプリン塩基と縮合させる効率よい方法を包含する、1,3−オキサチオランヌクレオシドを製造する方法が提供される。
選択される5−アシル化−2−保護−オキシメチル−1,3−オキサチオランを、例えば、既知の方法を使用して、5−クロロ、5−ブロモ、または5−ヨード誘導体にハロゲン化することができる。
5−アシル基の代わりに、ハロゲン、好ましくはクロライドで置換することができる任意の他の基を使用することができる。例はアルコキシ、アルコキシカルボニル、アミド、アジド、およびイソシアナトである。
本明細書において使用するとき、用語「単離された鏡像異性体」は、少なくとも約95%〜100%、より好ましくは97%を超えるそのヌクレオシドの単一鏡像異性体を含むヌクレオシド組成物を意味する。
アラルキルまたはアリールアルキルという用語は、アルキル置換基を有するアリール基を意味する。
ハロという用語は、本明細書において使用するとき、クロロ、ブロモ、ヨード、およびフルオロを包含する。
本明細書において使用するとき、離脱基は適当な条件下にそれが結合されている分子から切り放される官能基を意味する。
用語アルキルヘテロアリールは、ヘテロアリール置換基で置換されたアルキル基を意味する。
第1図は、開示した方法を実施する1つの経路を図解する。2−ブテン−1,4−ジオールをカルボン酸クロライドまたは他のエステル前駆体と反応させて、2−ブテン−1,4−ジオールジエステルを製造する。カルボン酸クロライドまたは他のエステル前駆体の選択は、生ずる1,3−オキサチオラン環の2−位置において所望の基により支配されるであろう。
これらの工程は下記の実施例によりいっそう完全に理解されるであろう。これらの実施例は本発明を限定することを意図しない。
効率よい冷却システムを装備した200ガロンの反応器に、メチルt−ブチルエーテル(MtBE、278L)、DMAP(391g、3.2mol)、トリエチルアミン(102.3L、74.4kg、436.2mol)および2−ブテン−1,4−ジオール(26.4L、28.2kg、320mol)を供給した。撹拌機を始動させ、反応混合物をほぼ4℃に冷却した。バッチ温度を20℃以下に維持するような速度で、塩化ブチリル(69.6L、71.5kg、672mol)を反応混合物に添加した。
機械的撹拌機、浸漬温度計、油充填気体出口の気泡発生器およびオゾン入口管を装備した12Lの3首丸底フラスコに、2−ブテン−1,4−ジブチレート(1005.0g、4.4mol)およびメタノール(5L)を供給した。オゾニア(Ozonia)CFS−2型オゾン発生器、1200ワット、1気圧の酸素、流れ1m3/時、撹拌機を始動させ、混合物を氷/メタノール浴中で−20℃に冷却した。オゾンを溶液の中に泡立てて通入した。
機械的撹拌機、浸漬温度計、圧力均等化滴下漏斗および蒸留ヘッドを装備した72Lの丸底フラスコに、トルエン(31L、Fisher)および2−オキシエチルブチレートメチルヘミアセタール(10kg、残留MeOHについて実際の補正9.3kg)を供給した。この出発物質は実際にはアセタール、ヘミアセタール、二量体、および三量体の混合物である。撹拌機を始動し、滴下漏斗を通してメルカプト酢酸(4.5L、64.7mol)を2時間かけて滴下した。
オーバーヘッド機械的撹拌機、2つのN2気泡発生器、ストッパーおよび熱電対/サーモウェルを装備した50Lの4首丸底フラスコに、無水THF(4.1L、Aldrich)を供給した。これに100gの部分で水素化リチウムアルミニウムのペレット(334G;8.8mol;Aldrich lot#04414KR)をゆっくり添加した。このスラリーを追加量のTHF(4.1L)で希釈し、15時間撹拌した。添加後最初に温度は37℃に上昇し、究極的に22℃に冷却した。生ずる灰色混合物を氷/MeOH浴で−5℃に冷却した。
機械的撹拌機、ストッパーおよび窒素気泡発生器を有する水冷冷却器を装備した3Lの3首丸底フラスコに、5−フルオロシトシン(51.6g;0.40mol)、ヘキサメチルジシラザン(665ml、3.10mol)および硫酸アンモニウム(2.0g」を供給した。生ずるスラリーを2.5時間加熱還流させると、冷却器の内壁上に白色固体の形成が観察された。
ブチレートエステル(SA.494.89.)の8.0g(25mmol)の試料を160mlのメタノール中に溶解し、激しい撹拌を開始し、この溶液を氷/水浴の中に浸漬した。10分後、この溶液を6.4gのDOWEX SBR強く塩基性のアニオン(OH)交換樹脂(Sigma cat#I−9980、p. 1803)で処理した。3時間撹拌した後、浴を除去し、TLC分析が出発物質の完全な消費を示すまで、撹拌を続けた。樹脂を100mlのメタノールで洗浄し、一緒にした溶液を濃縮すると、淡黄色固体が得られた。この固体を20mlのCOLD酢酸エチルで粉砕し、生ずる固体を乾燥すると、5.0g(81%)no 9/152−13が灰色固体として得られた。
あるいは、ブチレートエステルをアルコール溶媒中の第一級アミンまたは第二級アミンで処理することによって、ブチレートエステルを除去した。好ましいアミンはアンモニアおよびブチルアミンであり、そして好ましい溶媒はメタノールである。
(2,2−ジメチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−4−イル)メチルブタノエート(22)の合成
2−オキシエチルブタノエート(24)の合成
反応混合物をDCM(20ml)で希釈し、連続的に濃NaHCO3(3×20ml)およびブライン(2×30ml)で洗浄し、乾燥し、濾過し、蒸発させると、25(0.9g、4.4mmol、44%)が無色シロップ状物として得られた。
2−ヒドロキシエチルブタノエート(30)の合成
この溶液をブライン(1.5L)で希釈し、さらに1時間撹拌した。次いでそれをヘプタン(3×700ml)で抽出して、ジエステルを除去した。水性層をEtOAc(3×600ml)で抽出した。一緒にした有機相を水で洗浄して、残留するエチレングリコール(29)を除去し、乾燥し、濾過し、蒸発させると、化合物30(39.7g、0.3mol、26%)が得られた。
乾燥DCM(10ml)中の24(1.3g、10mmol)およびCSA(116mg、050mmol)のよく撹拌した懸濁液に、乾燥DCM(5ml)中のメルカプト酢酸(2.76g、2.08ml、30mmol)の溶液をゆっくり添加した。反応混合物を撹拌しながら室温において16時間撹拌した。
反応混合物をDCM(20ml)で希釈し、連続的に濃NaHCO3(3×30ml)およびブライン(2×30ml)で洗浄し、乾燥し、濾過し、蒸発させると、25(1.4g、6.8mmol、68%)が黄色シロップ状物として得られた。
実施例11. TiCl 3 (OiPr)を使用しての1,3−オキサチオランと保護された塩基とのカップリング
保護されたアセテート(150mg、0.604mmol、1当量)をアルゴン雰囲気下に1.5mlの無水ジクロロメタン中に溶解した。アルゴン雰囲気下に異なる容器において、1.5mlの無水ジクロロメタン中に溶解したビス−シリル化シトシン(154mg、0.604mmol、1当量)を新しく調製したTiCl3(OiPr)(ジクロロメタン中の1Mの溶液として0.75当量のTiCl4および0.25当量の純粋なTi(OiPr)4から、両方はAldrichから入手可能である)と混合した。
本発明は、その好ましい態様を参照して記載された。本発明の前述の詳細な説明から、本発明の変形および変更は当業者にとって明らかであろう。これらの変形および変更のすべては本発明の範囲内に包含される。
Claims (18)
- 式(R1O)2CHR(式中Rは−(CH2−O−C(O)R1)であり、そしてR1はアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、複素環、アルカリール、アルキルヘテロアリール、アルキル複素環、またはアラルキルである)のアセタールをメルカプト酢酸と、有機溶媒中で、ルイス酸またはプロトン酸の存在下に直接反応させることによって2−[R1C(O)OCH2]−1,3−オキサチオラニル−5−オンを製造する方法。
- 前記反応を有機溶媒中で最少量の水を使用して実施する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- (OH)2CHRまたは(R1O)(OH)CHRを(R1O)2CHRの代わりに使用する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- (R1O)(OH)CHRを(R1O)2CHRの代わりに使用する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アセタールをヘミアセタール、アセタールモノマーまたはそれらの高級縮合生成物の混合物として使用する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 式OH−CH2−C=C−CH2−OHの化合物をRC(O)Clと反応させてRC(O)OCH2C(H)=C(H)OC(O)Rを生成させ、これをオゾン化するか、あるいはそうでなければ切断して所望の化合物を生成することによって、(R1O)2CHRを製造することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- (R1O)2CHC(O)Hを還元して(R1O)2CHCH2OHを生成し、これをClC(O)Rと反応させて所望の化合物を生成することによって、(R1O)2CHRを製造することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- (i)5−ハロ−2−保護−オキシメチル−1,3−オキサチオランを製造し、そして(ii)5−ハロ−2−保護−オキシメチル−1,3−オキサチオランを、保護されたプリンまたはピリミジン塩基と、25℃以下の温度においてルイス酸の非存在下に反応させる、ことを含んでなる、1,3−オキサチオランヌクレオシドを製造する方法。
- 反応を10℃以下の温度において実施する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記5−ハロ置換基が5−クロロである、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 反応生成物がαおよびβアノマーの混合物である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記αおよびβアノマーの混合物、またはそれらの誘導体を結晶化により分離する、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記αおよびβアノマーの混合物、またはそれらの誘導体をクロマトグラフィーにより分離する、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記クロマトグラフィーがアキラルである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記クロマトグラフィーがキラルである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 5−ハロ−2−保護−オキシメチル−1,3−オキサチオランを、キラル5−アシル化−2−保護−オキシメチル−1,3−オキサチオランのハロゲン化により製造する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 5−ハロ−2−保護−オキシメチル−1,3−オキサチオランをアキラル5−アシル化−2−保護−オキシメチル−1,3−オキサチオランのハロゲン化により製造する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記5−アシル化−2−保護−オキシメチル−1,3−オキサチオランが、アセテート、プロピオネート、ブチレート、ベンゾエート、p−メトキシベンゾエート、およびp−(t−ブチル)−ベンゾエートから成る群から選択される5−アシル部分を有する、請求項16または17に記載の方法。
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10147586A (ja) * | 1991-02-22 | 1998-06-02 | Univ Emory | 2−ヒドロキシメチル−5−(5−フルオロシトシン−1 −イル)−1,3−オキサチオランの抗ウィルス活性およ び分割 |
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| Title |
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| JPN6013060993; Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters Vol.3, No.2, 1993, pp.169-174 * |
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