JP2012078032A - Dry distillation and gasification typed incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

A dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus capable of saving time and fuel required for auxiliary combustion is provided.
A dry gasification incineration apparatus is configured such that air is distilled through an air supply path 13 in a first stage until the waste A accommodated in a dry distillation furnace 1 is ignited to form a fire bed. It is supplied into the furnace 1. When the combustion of the waste A is continued (second stage), the oxygen supply into the dry distillation furnace 1 is switched from the supply of air through the air supply path 13 to the supply of highly concentrated oxygen through the oxygen supply path 15. It is done.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a dry distillation gasification furnace that stores waste and also combusts a part of the waste to dry the remainder of the waste by combustion heat to generate a combustible gas.

  In recent years, wastes contain many chlorine components such as vinyl chloride. Therefore, incinerators that incinerate these wastes produce nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide during incineration. Air pollutants such as (CO) and dioxins can be generated. For this reason, certain environmental standards have been formulated to reduce emissions for these air pollutants.

  In particular, dioxins generated by incineration of waste are incomplete such as the chlorine liberated from the waste and incomplete resin when the waste containing chlorine is burned at a temperature of about 250 to 350 ° C. The hydrocarbons produced by combustion react with heavy metals contained in the waste as catalysts to produce dioxins.

  In order to prevent discharge of dioxins due to incineration of the waste, it is effective to cause the waste to stay at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher for 2 seconds or more to completely thermally decompose the generated dioxins. It is said that.

  By the way, the present applicant, as an apparatus for incinerating waste such as waste tires while preventing the discharge of dioxins, stores the waste and burns a part of the waste, Proposed a dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus comprising a distillation furnace in which the remainder of the waste is dry-distilled by combustion heat to generate a combustible gas, and a combustion furnace in which the combustible gas is introduced from the dry distillation furnace and completely combusted (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  In the above apparatus, the temperature in the combustion furnace was heated to 800 ° C. or higher where dioxins can be thermally decomposed by combustion of other fuel, and then the waste was ignited to generate combustible gas. A combustible gas is burned together with other fuels in a combustion furnace. When the combustion furnace temperature can be maintained at a stable temperature higher than 800 ° C. by burning only the combustible gas, the combustion of the other fuel is terminated. As a result, after the start of the dry distillation of the waste, the temperature in the combustion furnace is set to 800 ° C. or more to discharge dioxins until the combustible gas spontaneously stabilizes and continues to burn in the combustion furnace. It is preventing.

Japanese Patent No. 4005770

  However, in the above apparatus, it is necessary to burn other fuel in the combustion furnace until the combustible gas spontaneously stabilizes and continues to burn in the combustion furnace. This may cause a disadvantage that the fuel required for this increases and the running cost of the apparatus increases.

  In particular, since the temperature of the combustible gas introduced into the combustion furnace is lower than the temperature of the combustion furnace (800 ° C. or higher) maintained by warm air, the temperature of the combustion furnace will be lowered, and this will assist the combustion. This is a factor that takes time.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus that can save time and fuel required for auxiliary combustion in order to eliminate such inconvenience.

A dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention is a dry distillation furnace for storing a waste and generating a combustible gas by combusting a part of the waste and drying the remainder of the waste by the combustion heat. A combustion furnace for burning the combustible gas introduced from the dry distillation furnace, and a combustion oxygen supply means for supplying oxygen required for the combustion to the combustion furnace in accordance with the amount of the combustible gas introduced into the combustion furnace A combustion furnace temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature in the combustion furnace, and a temperature in the combustion furnace detected by the combustion furnace temperature detecting means after the combustion of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace is started in advance. A dry distillation provided with a dry distillation oxygen supply means for supplying oxygen necessary for combustion of a part of the waste to the dry distillation furnace while adjusting an oxygen supply amount to the dry distillation furnace so as to maintain a set temperature. A gasification and incineration treatment apparatus,
The dry distillation oxygen supply means includes a first oxygen supply means for supplying air, a second oxygen supply means for supplying high-concentration oxygen, and the supply of oxygen to the dry distillation furnace by the first oxygen supply means and the second oxygen supply means. Supply control means for switching between oxygen supply means,
The supply control means supplies air to the dry distillation furnace by the first oxygen supply means in the first stage from the ignition of the waste until the combustion of the waste is continued, and the combustion of the waste In the second stage in which the oxygen is maintained, it is necessary to switch the oxygen supply to the dry distillation furnace from the first oxygen supply means to the second oxygen supply means and to continue the combustion of the waste by the second oxygen supply means. It is characterized in that high concentration oxygen is supplied to the distillation furnace.

  According to the dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus of the first invention, in the first stage from the ignition of the waste until the combustion of the waste is continued, air is supplied to the dry distillation furnace by the first oxygen supply means. The Thereby, air spreads over the entire distillation furnace, the formation of a fire bed after igniting the waste can be promoted, and a state in which the combustion of the waste continues can be realized in a short time.

  Next, in the second stage in which a fire bed is formed and the combustion of waste by this is sustained, the oxygen supply to the dry distillation furnace is switched from the first oxygen supply means to the second oxygen supply means. The high concentration oxygen necessary to sustain the combustion of waste is supplied to the dry distillation furnace. For this reason, the nitrogen component in the air unrelated to the combustion of the waste is not supplied to the distillation furnace, the decrease in the atmospheric temperature in the distillation furnace due to the nitrogen component is suppressed, and the temperature in the distillation furnace is increased. be able to.

  And by making the temperature in a dry distillation furnace high, the temperature of the combustible gas supplied to a combustion furnace can be made high, and the temperature fall of the combustion furnace by supply of combustible gas can be suppressed. . Further, since the nitrogen component in the air is not supplied to the combustion furnace together with the combustible gas, it is not necessary to raise the temperature of the nitrogen component. Thereby, the temperature drop of the combustion furnace after the combustion of the waste is continued is suppressed, the time required for the auxiliary combustion can be shortened, and the fuel required for the auxiliary combustion can be saved.

  Thus, according to the dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus of the first invention, it is possible to save time and fuel required for auxiliary combustion.

The dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus of the second invention is the first invention,
The supply control means determines whether or not the combustion of the waste is continued, the detection temperature of the temperature detection means provided in the dry distillation furnace is equal to or higher than a first predetermined temperature, The determination is based on one or both of the fact that the detection value of the oxygen concentration detection means for detecting the oxygen concentration contained in the generated combustible gas is not more than a predetermined value.

  According to the dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus of the second invention, the temperature detected by the temperature detection means provided in the dry distillation furnace is equal to or higher than the first predetermined temperature, and is included in the combustible gas generated in the dry distillation furnace. By determining whether or not the combustion of the waste is continued based on one or both of the detected value of the oxygen concentration detecting means for detecting the oxygen concentration being equal to or less than a predetermined value, The timing of switching from the first stage to the second stage can be ensured, and the combustion of waste with only high-concentration oxygen can be performed at an early stage. Thereby, shortening of the auxiliary combustion time by the 2nd step and saving of the fuel required for auxiliary combustion can be aimed at.

A dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus of the third invention is the first or second invention,
In the second stage, the supply control means reduces the air in the first oxygen supply means and maintains the oxygen amount contained in the air necessary for maintaining the combustion of the waste. The high-concentration oxygen of the two oxygen supply means is increased and switched from the first oxygen supply means to the second oxygen supply means.

  According to the dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus of the third aspect of the invention, while maintaining the amount of oxygen necessary to sustain the combustion of waste, the air in the first oxygen supply means is reduced and the second oxygen supply means is high. By increasing the concentration oxygen, the switching from the first stage to the second stage is gradually performed. This prevents the switching from becoming a disturbance of combustion of waste in the distillation furnace, ensures combustion of waste due to high-concentration oxygen in the second stage, shortens the combustion time, and reduces the fuel required for combustion. You can save money.

The dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus of the fourth invention is any one of the first to third inventions,
The dry distillation oxygen supply means has a water vapor mixing means for mixing water vapor with oxygen supplied to the dry distillation furnace,
In the second stage, the supply control means is configured to supply the second oxygen supply means when the detected temperature of the temperature detection means provided in the dry distillation furnace is equal to or higher than a second temperature which is a reaction temperature from water vapor to water gas. When supplying high-concentration oxygen supplied to the dry distillation furnace, water vapor is mixed with the high-concentration oxygen via the water vapor mixing means.

  According to the dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus of the fourth invention, the atmospheric temperature in the dry distillation furnace can be increased in the second stage, so that the temperature is equal to or higher than the second temperature which is the reaction temperature from water vapor to water gas. In this case, by introducing water vapor into the dry distillation furnace, water gas that is a high-calorie gaseous fuel can be generated. By introducing this water gas into the combustion furnace together with the combustible gas and burning it, the amount of heat generated in the combustion furnace can be increased, and the fuel required for auxiliary combustion can be saved.

A dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus of a fifth invention is any one of the first to third inventions,
A steam supply means for supplying steam into the distillation furnace when the temperature detected by the temperature detection means provided in the distillation furnace is equal to or higher than a second temperature, which is a reaction temperature from steam to water gas, in the second stage; It is characterized by providing.

  According to the dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus of the fifth aspect of the invention, since the atmospheric temperature in the dry distillation furnace can be increased in the second stage, the temperature is equal to or higher than the second temperature that is the reaction temperature from water vapor to water gas. In this case, only the water vapor may be supplied directly into the dry distillation furnace (instead of introducing the water vapor into the dry distillation furnace together with the high concentration oxygen). Thereby, it is possible to generate water gas which is a high-calorie gaseous fuel, and by introducing this water gas into the combustion furnace together with the combustible gas and burning it, the calorific value in the combustion furnace can be increased, The fuel required for auxiliary combustion can be saved.

A dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus of the sixth invention is any one of the first to fifth inventions,
The second stage includes an internal combustion engine in which a part of the combustible gas generated from the dry distillation furnace is supplied as fuel.

  According to the dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus of the fifth aspect of the invention, in the second stage, since the nitrogen component in the air is not supplied to the combustion furnace together with the combustible gas, high concentration combustible gas is supplied to the combustion furnace. Can be supplied to. Thus, time and fuel required for auxiliary combustion can be saved, and the internal combustion engine can be efficiently driven by introducing a part of the high concentration combustible gas into the internal combustion engine.

The system block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus of this invention. The graph which shows the time-dependent change of the temperature in a dry distillation furnace, and the temperature in a combustion furnace.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the waste dry gasification incineration apparatus of this embodiment is a dry distillation furnace that contains waste A, which is a mixture of various wastes, mainly waste paper, waste wood, waste plastic and the like. 1 and a combustion furnace 3 connected to the dry distillation furnace 1 through a gas passage 2. On the upper surface of the dry distillation furnace 1, an input port 5 having an openable / closable input door 4 is formed, and the waste A can be input into the dry distillation furnace 1 from the input port 5. In the state where the charging door 4 is closed, the inside of the dry distillation furnace 1 is substantially cut off from the outside.

  A water jacket 6 isolated from the inside of the dry distillation furnace 1 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the dry distillation furnace 1 as a cooling structure. The water jacket 6 is supplied with water by a water supply device (not shown) so that the amount of water inside is maintained at a predetermined water level.

  A lower portion of the distillation furnace 1 is formed in a truncated cone shape projecting downward, and an empty chamber 7 isolated from the inside of the distillation furnace 1 is formed in an outer peripheral portion of the truncated cone shape. The vacant chamber 7 communicates with the inside of the dry distillation furnace 1 through a plurality of air supply nozzles 8 provided on the inner wall portion of the dry distillation furnace 1.

  A dry distillation oxygen supply means is connected to the empty chamber 7 at the bottom of the dry distillation furnace 1. The dry-distilled oxygen supply means includes a first oxygen supply means for supplying air to the empty chamber 7 and a second oxygen supply means for supplying high-concentration oxygen to the empty chamber 7.

  The first oxygen supply means has an air supply path 13 and an air supply source 14 constituted by a pushing fan or the like through the air supply path 13. The air supply path 13 is provided with a control valve 13a, and the opening degree of the control valve 13a is controlled by a valve driver 13b. In this case, the valve driver 13b is controlled by the control device 17 configured by an electronic circuit including a CPU and the like.

  On the other hand, the second oxygen supply means has an oxygen supply path 15 and a high-concentration oxygen supply source 16 constituted by an oxygen cylinder or the like capable of supplying high-concentration oxygen via the oxygen supply path 15. A control valve 15a is provided in the oxygen supply path 15, and the opening degree of the control valve 15a is controlled by a valve driver 15b. The valve driver 15b is controlled by the control device 17.

  The control device 17, the control valves 13a and 15a, and the valve drivers 13b and 15b correspond to the supply control means of this embodiment.

  The air supply path 13 and the oxygen supply path 15 are connected to a communication pipe 18 that communicates with the empty chamber 7. Further, a steam supply pipe 21 of a steam generator 20 that mixes steam with oxygen supplied to the vacant space through the communication pipe 18 is connected to the communication pipe 18.

  For example, the water vapor generator 20 supplies water from one end side into a coiled thin tube and applies hot air that is a part of combustion exhaust to the thin tube to evaporate the water in the narrow tube and to the other end side. It is a device that generates water vapor from the water.

  Furthermore, an ignition device 22 for igniting the waste A stored in the dry distillation furnace 1 under the control of the control device 17 is attached to the lower portion of the dry distillation furnace 1. The ignition device 22 is configured by an ignition burner or the like, and supplies a combustion flame to the waste A by burning the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device 23 in which fuel such as heavy oil is stored through the fuel supply path 24. To do.

  The combustion furnace 3 includes a burner unit 25 that mixes combustible gas generated by dry distillation of the waste A and oxygen (air) necessary for complete combustion, and a combustion unit 26 that combusts the combustible gas mixed with oxygen. The combustion part 26 communicates with the burner part 25 on the tip side of the burner part 25. The gas passage 2 is connected to the rear end portion of the burner portion 25, and combustible gas generated by the dry distillation of the waste A in the dry distillation furnace 1 is introduced into the burner portion 25 through the gas passage 2.

  The gas passage 2 is provided with a control valve 2a, and the opening degree of the control valve 2a is controlled by a valve driver 2b. The valve driver 2b is controlled by the control device 17.

  In addition, the gas passage 2 is provided with an engine 27 (corresponding to the internal combustion engine of the present invention) that is branched and supplied with a part of the combustible gas. They are connected by a communication pipe 28 communicating with the passage 2. The communication pipe 28 is provided with a control valve 28a, and the opening degree of the control valve 28a is controlled by a valve driver 28b. The valve driver 28b is controlled by the control device 17.

  The engine 27 is driven by a mixed fuel of a combustible gas supplied through the communication pipe 28 and a fuel such as light oil (not shown), and a generator or the like (not shown) can be attached to the output shaft 27a. Yes.

  A vacant chamber 30 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the burner portion 25 and is isolated from the inside thereof. The vacant chamber 30 is formed in the burner portion 25 via a plurality of nozzle holes 31 formed in the inner peripheral portion of the burner portion 25. It communicates with the inside. A combustion oxygen supply path 32 branched from the air supply path 13 is connected to the vacant chamber 30. A control valve 33 is provided in the combustion oxygen supply path 32, and the opening degree of the control valve 33 is controlled by a valve driver 34. The valve driver 34 is controlled by the control device 17.

  A combustion device 35 that burns fuel such as heavy oil supplied from the fuel supply device 23 via the fuel supply path 24 under the control of the control device 17 is attached to the rear end portion of the burner portion 25. The combustion device 35 is constituted by an ignition burner or the like, and burns while adjusting the fuel supply amount stepwise. The combustion device 35 is also used when igniting the combustible gas introduced into the burner unit 25.

  A cooling furnace (hot water boiler) 37 that cools the combustion exhaust gas burned in the combustion furnace 3 is attached to the tip of the combustion part 26. The cooling furnace 37 is supplied with water by a water supply device (not shown), and the hot water heated in the cooling furnace 37 using the combustion heat of waste can be used for air conditioning or the like.

  On the outlet side of the cooling furnace 37, a duct 36 a that discharges the cooled combustion exhaust gas is provided, and the duct 36 a is connected to one end of the cooling tower 38.

  The cooling tower 38 is provided with a spray 38a for spraying combustion exhaust gas from the cooling furnace 37, and a water supply device (not shown) for supplying cooling water to the spray and an air compressor are connected to the cooling tower 38.

  The other end of the cooling tower 38 is connected to one end of the bag filter 39 through a duct 36b, and slaked lime 39a and activated carbon 39b are mixed in the combustion exhaust gas sent from the cooling tower 38 to the bag filter 39. Desulfurization and deodorization are performed.

  The bag filter 39 includes a filter unit (not shown) and a recovery unit that recovers ash and the like separated from the exhaust gas by the filter unit, and an air compressor for cleaning the filter unit is connected to the filter unit.

  The other end of the bag filter 39 is connected to the chimney 40 via a duct 36c. An induction fan 41 is provided between the bag filter 39 and the chimney 40 to induce the combustion exhaust in the combustion furnace 3 to the chimney 40 through the ducts 36a to 36c, and from the chimney 40 through the induction fan 41. Combustion exhaust is discharged into the atmosphere. The induction fan 41 is controlled by the control device 17 so that the pressure for inducing the combustion exhaust in the combustion furnace 3 becomes a desired pressure according to the operating state of the device. Sensors for detecting a hydrogen chloride concentration and a carbon monoxide concentration (not shown) are attached to the outlet of the chimney 40, respectively, and the hydrogen chloride concentration and the carbon monoxide concentration of the combustion exhaust exhausted from the chimney 40 are detected. Be monitored.

Further, in the apparatus of the present embodiment, a temperature sensor 42 for detecting the temperature T ₁ in the distillation furnace 1 is attached to the lower part of the distillation furnace 1, and the temperature T ₂ in the combustion furnace 3 is detected in the combustion furnace 3. A temperature sensor 43 is attached at a position facing the tip of the burner portion 25. Detection signals from the temperature sensors 42 and 43 are input to the control device 17.

  Next, a waste incineration method using the apparatus of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  In the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, when the waste A is incinerated, first, the charging door 4 of the dry distillation furnace 1 is opened, and the waste A is charged into the dry distillation furnace 1 from the charging port 5. The waste A is mixed with various wastes mainly waste paper, waste wood, waste plastic, etc., and the combustible gas generated by the dry distillation in the dry distillation furnace 1 is stably burned. The combustion temperature is adjusted to have a calorific value of 800 ° C. or higher, and in this embodiment, the combustion temperature is further adjusted to have a calorific value of 850 ° C. or higher.

  More precisely, the combustion temperature is assumed when the waste A is burned in the dry distillation furnace 1 and the combustible gas is burned in the combustion furnace 3 by the air supplied through the air supply path 13. Which is different from the combustion temperature assumed when high-concentration oxygen is supplied via the oxygen supply passage 15.

Next, after closing the charging door 4 and sealing the inside of the dry distillation furnace 1, the combustion device 35 of the combustion furnace 3 is operated by the control device 17 prior to the ignition of the waste A, thereby burning the fuel. Start warm-up operation. Specifically, in the graph showing the time change shown in FIG. 2, the combustion of the fuel is started at time t _0.

Next, the temperature T in the combustion furnace 3 gradually rises due to the combustion of the fuel, and when the temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 43 exceeds 800 ° C. at time t ₁ , the controller 17 ignites the dry distillation furnace 1. 22 is activated, the waste A is ignited, and an auxiliary combustion operation is started in which the combustible gas generated by the partial combustion of the waste A is burned together with the fuel in the combustion furnace 3.

  In the auxiliary combustion operation at the time of ignition, as shown in FIG. 2, the control device 17 opens the control valve 13 a of the air supply path 13 in a stepwise manner according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 42 in the dry distillation furnace 1. Thus, in the first stage from the ignition of the waste A until the combustion of the waste A is continued, the high-concentration oxygen is not supplied from the oxygen supply path 15 but exclusively through the air supply path 13. A fire bed is formed in the waste A by the air supplied.

  Thereby, air spreads over the whole distillation furnace 1, the formation of the fire bed after igniting the waste A can be promoted, and the state in which the combustion of the waste A is sustained can be realized in a short time.

  In this auxiliary combustion operation, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 43 in the combustion furnace 3 is 800 ° C. or lower, the combustion device 35 is operated to maintain the temperature in the combustion furnace above 800 ° C. By such an operation of the combustion device 35, the temperature in the combustion furnace 3 fluctuates finely around 800 ° C. as shown in FIG. 2, and the fuel is consumed according to the operation of the combustion device 35.

  Next, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 42 in the dry distillation furnace 1 reaches, for example, 100 ° C. (corresponding to the first predetermined temperature of the present invention), the control device 17 forms a firebed, and the waste A It is determined that the combustion has been maintained, and the supply of oxygen to the dry distillation furnace 1 is switched from the first oxygen supply means to the second oxygen supply means.

  That is, in the second stage in which the fire bed is formed and the combustion of the waste A due to this is maintained, the oxygen supply to the dry distillation furnace 1 is changed from the supply of air through the air supply path 13 to the oxygen supply path 15. It is switched to supply of high concentration oxygen.

  This switching is achieved by (1) maintaining the amount of oxygen necessary to sustain the combustion of waste, and (2) reducing the amount of air supplied by the air supply passage 13 while increasing the high concentration by the oxygen supply passage 15. It is gradually changed by increasing the supply amount of oxygen.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, throttle control valve 13a provided from time t ₂ to the air supply passage 13, while decreasing the amount of air supplied to the dry distillation furnace 1, the reduction 1/5 high-concentration oxygen is supplied by opening a control valve 15 a provided in the oxygen supply passage 15.

  The reason why the supply amount of high-concentration oxygen, which is 1/5 of the decrease in air, is increased because oxygen contained in the air is about 1/5 of its volume. Thereby, it is possible to maintain the amount of oxygen necessary to sustain the combustion of the waste A.

  In this way, switching between air and high-concentration oxygen can prevent the switching from becoming a disturbance of combustion of the waste A in the dry distillation furnace 1.

  When high concentration oxygen necessary for sustaining combustion of the waste A is supplied to the dry distillation furnace 1, nitrogen components in the air unrelated to the combustion of the waste A are not supplied to the dry distillation furnace. And the fall of the atmospheric temperature in the dry distillation furnace 1 by a nitrogen component is suppressed, and the temperature in the dry distillation furnace 1 can be made high temperature. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 42 in the dry distillation furnace 1 rapidly increases as switching to high concentration oxygen proceeds.

Furthermore, the temperature of the combustible gas supplied to the combustion furnace 3 can be increased by raising the temperature in the dry distillation furnace 1, and the temperature drop of the combustion furnace 3 due to the supply of the combustible gas is suppressed. be able to. In addition, since the nitrogen component in the air is not supplied to the combustion furnace 3 together with the combustible gas, it is not necessary to raise the temperature of the nitrogen component to the atmosphere temperature of the combustion furnace 3. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, with increasing temperature in the dry distillation furnace 1, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 43 in the combustion furnace 3 is also increased, the switching start time t ₂ later, the combustion device 35 No operation is required.

On the other hand, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 2, when switching to high concentration oxygen is not performed, the combustion of the waste A is continued (after time t ₂ ) even after the combustion of the waste A is sustained. It is necessary to activate the device 35 to perform auxiliary combustion. And it is necessary to perform such auxiliary combustion until the time t 'when the temperature in the combustion furnace 3 becomes over 800 ° C only by the self-combustion of the combustible gas.

Thus, according to the apparatus of this embodiment, the temperature drop of the combustion furnace 3 after the combustion of the waste A is sustained is suppressed by switching from air to high-concentration oxygen, which is required for auxiliary combustion. it is possible to shorten the time from the time t'to time t _2, the can save fuel required during this time of combustion aid.

Next, when the control device 17 determines that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 42 in the dry distillation furnace 1 is 800 ° C. or higher (corresponding to the second temperature of the present invention) at time t ₃ , the control device 17 activates the steam generator 20. Then, water vapor is mixed with the high concentration oxygen supplied into the dry distillation furnace 1.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, for supplying a high concentration of oxygen mixed with water vapor from the time t ₄ in the dry distillation furnace 1. Thereby, the temperature in the dry distillation furnace 1 falls a little. This is because the reaction for generating water gas from water vapor is an endothermic reaction. However, the water gas can be continuously generated from the water vapor by maintaining the temperature in the dry distillation furnace 1 at 800 ° C. or higher, which is the reaction temperature of the water gas.

  And the water gas generated in the dry distillation furnace 1 is supplied into the combustion furnace 3 together with the combustible gas, so that the temperature in the combustion furnace 3 can be further increased by the water gas which is a high-calorie gaseous fuel. it can. Thereby, the emitted-heat amount in a combustion furnace can be increased, and the situation where the temperature in the combustion furnace 3 falls temporarily and auxiliary combustion is needed can be avoided.

Then, at time t ₅ the temperature in the combustion furnace 3 is stable at around 1200 ° C., while opens the control valve 28a of the communicating pipe 28 that communicates with the gas passage 2, by squeezing slightly control valve 2a of the gas passage 2 The water gas and the combustible gas generated in the dry distillation furnace 1 can be introduced into the engine 27, and the engine 27 can be driven as the combustion.

  At this time, since the water gas becomes water vapor when used as fuel in the engine 27, the tar content introduced into the engine 27 together with these gases can be exhausted together with the water vapor. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the malfunction resulting from tar content like an engine stall etc. can be suppressed, for example.

  As described above in detail, according to the dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus of the present embodiment, when the fire bed is formed and the combustion of the waste A is continued (second stage), the dry distillation furnace 1 is entered. The oxygen supply is switched from the first oxygen supply means to the second oxygen supply means, and high concentration oxygen necessary for sustaining the combustion of the waste A is supplied to the dry distillation furnace 1. Therefore, the nitrogen component in the air unrelated to the combustion of the waste A is not supplied to the dry distillation furnace 1, and the temperature in the dry distillation furnace 1 can be increased. And by making the temperature in the dry distillation furnace 1 high, the temperature of the combustible gas supplied to the combustion furnace 3 can be made high, suppressing the temperature fall of the combustion furnace, and the time required for auxiliary combustion, You can save on fuel.

  In this embodiment, an oxygen cylinder is used as the high-concentration oxygen supply source 16. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a known oxygen generator or the like may be used.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, it was judged that the firebed was formed in the waste A, triggered by the detection temperature of the temperature sensor 42 in the dry distillation furnace 1 being 100 ° C. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Absent. For example, in addition to or instead of this, an oxygen concentration detection means for detecting the oxygen concentration is provided in the gas passage 2, and when the detected value is a predetermined value or less (for example, 3% or less), It is also possible to determine that a fire bed has been formed (combustion sufficient to be consumed by the fire bed).

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the water vapor supplied from the water vapor generator 20 is introduced into the dry distillation furnace 1 from the empty chamber 7 together with the high concentration oxygen supplied from the high concentration oxygen supply source 16. The method of introduction into the furnace 1 is not limited to this.

  For example, a part of the vacant chamber 7 may be divided, and the supply path for air and high-concentration oxygen may be separated from the supply path for water vapor. In this case, the steam supplied from the steam generator 20 can be directly introduced into the dry distillation furnace 2 (without mixing with high-concentration oxygen) by connecting the steam supply pipe 21 to the partitioned empty chamber 7. It is possible to suppress the liquefaction of a part of water vapor into water by mixing with high-concentration oxygen and to generate water gas in the dry distillation furnace 1.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Dry distillation furnace, 3 ... Combustion furnace, 13 ... Air supply path (1st oxygen supply means), 14 ... Pushing fan (1st oxygen supply means), 15 ... Oxygen supply path (2nd oxygen supply means), 16 ... Oxygen cylinder (second oxygen supply means), 17 ... control device (supply switching means), 20 ... steam generator, 27 ... engine (internal combustion engine), 42 ... temperature sensor (dry distillation furnace temperature detection means), 43 ... temperature sensor (Combustion furnace temperature detection means), A ... waste.

Claims (6)

A combustible gas for storing combustible gas and combusting a part of the waste material to dry the remainder of the waste material with the combustion heat to generate combustible gas, and combustible gas introduced from the combustible gas furnace , Combustion oxygen supply means for supplying oxygen required for combustion to the combustion furnace in accordance with the amount of combustible gas introduced into the combustion furnace, and combustion furnace for detecting the temperature in the combustion furnace A temperature detecting means, and the dry distillation so as to maintain the temperature in the combustion furnace detected by the combustion furnace temperature detecting means after the combustion of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace is maintained at a preset set temperature. A dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus comprising a dry distillation oxygen supply means for supplying oxygen necessary for combustion of a part of the waste to the dry distillation furnace while adjusting an oxygen supply amount to the furnace,
The dry distillation oxygen supply means includes a first oxygen supply means for supplying air, a second oxygen supply means for supplying high-concentration oxygen, and the supply of oxygen to the dry distillation furnace by the first oxygen supply means and the second oxygen supply means. Supply control means for switching between oxygen supply means,
In the first stage from the ignition of the waste until the combustion of the waste is continued, the dry distillation oxygen supply control means supplies air to the dry distillation furnace by the first oxygen supply means, and the waste In the second stage in which the combustion of is continued, the oxygen supply to the distillation furnace is switched from the first oxygen supply means to the second oxygen supply means, and the combustion of the waste is continued by the second oxygen supply means. A dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus characterized by supplying high concentration oxygen necessary for the dry distillation furnace to the dry distillation furnace. In the dry distillation gasification incineration processing device according to claim 1,
The supply control means determines whether or not the combustion of the waste is continued, the detection temperature of the temperature detection means provided in the dry distillation furnace is equal to or higher than a first predetermined temperature, Dry distillation gasification incineration characterized in that the determination is based on one or both of the detected value of the oxygen concentration detecting means for detecting the oxygen concentration contained in the generated combustible gas being a predetermined value or less Processing equipment. In the dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
In the second stage, the supply control means reduces the air in the first oxygen supply means and maintains the oxygen amount contained in the air necessary for maintaining the combustion of the waste. 2. A dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus characterized by increasing high-concentration oxygen in the oxygen supply means and switching from the first oxygen supply means to the second oxygen supply means. In the dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The dry distillation oxygen supply means has a water vapor mixing means for mixing water vapor with oxygen supplied to the dry distillation furnace,
In the second stage, the dry oxygen supply control means is configured such that when the detected temperature of the temperature detecting means provided in the dry distillation furnace is equal to or higher than a second temperature that is a reaction temperature from water vapor to water gas, the second oxygen A high-concentration oxygen supplied to a dry distillation furnace by a supply means, and water vapor is mixed with the high-concentration oxygen through the water vapor mixing means. In the dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A steam supply means for supplying steam into the distillation furnace when the temperature detected by the temperature detection means provided in the distillation furnace is equal to or higher than a second temperature, which is a reaction temperature from steam to water gas, in the second stage; A dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus characterized by comprising. In the dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
In the second stage, a dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus comprising an internal combustion engine to which a part of combustible gas generated from the dry distillation furnace is supplied as fuel.

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