JP2011526892A - 併用療法を使用した眼疾患及び過剰血管新生の治療 - Google Patents
併用療法を使用した眼疾患及び過剰血管新生の治療 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
血管新生(又は新生血管形成)は、新しい血管の形成及び分化である。血管新生は一般に健常成人又は成熟組織においては存在しない。しかし、創傷を治癒するため及び損傷又は傷害後に組織への血流を回復するために健康な身体で血管新生が起こる。女性では、血管新生はまた、月経周期の間及び妊娠期間中にも起こる。これらのプロセスの下で、新たな血管の形成が厳密に調節される。
多くの重症疾患状態において、身体は血管新生に対する制御を喪失する。過度の血管新生が、疾患、例えば癌、黄斑変性、糖尿病性網膜症、関節炎及び乾癬などにおいて起こる。これらの状態では、新たな血管が疾患組織に栄養供給し、正常組織を破壊して、癌の場合には、新たな血管が腫瘍細胞を循環中へと漏出させ、他の器官に停留させる(腫瘍転移)。
眼の組織又は構造の機能不全によって引き起こされる多くの眼疾患又は障害は、視力の低下又は完全な視力喪失を導き得る。眼科疾患、例えばテレビ、コンピュータ、ゲーム機及び他のデジタル機器、並びにコンタクトレンズの広範な使用によるドライアイ及び眼精疲労を含む疾患が近年増加している。
配列番号:1−ヒトVEGF−A(活性なプロセシングされたペプチド(active processed peptide))。
配列番号:2−ヒトVEGF−B(活性なプロセシングされたペプチド)。
配列番号:3−ヒトVEGF−C(活性なプロセシングされたペプチド)。
配列番号:4−ヒトVEGF−D(活性なプロセシングされたペプチド)。
配列番号:5−ヒトVEGFR−1(マイナスシグナル配列)。
配列番号:6−ヒトVEGFR−2(マイナスシグナル配列)。
配列番号:7−ヒトVEGFR−3(マイナスシグナル配列)。
配列番号:8−ヒトHIF−1α。
配列番号:9−完全長ヒトVEGF−Aについてのコード配列。
配列番号:10−完全長ヒトVEGF−Bについてのコード配列。
配列番号:11−完全長ヒトVEGF−Cについてのコード配列。
配列番号:12−完全長ヒトVEGF−Dについてのコード配列。
配列番号:13−完全長ヒトVEGFR−1についてのコード配列。
配列番号:14−完全長ヒトVEGFR−2についてのコード配列。
配列番号:15−完全長ヒトVEGFR−3についてのコード配列。
配列番号:16−ヒトHIF−1αについてのコード配列。
特に明記されない限り、本明細書中で使用されるすべての技術及び学術用語は、当業者(例えば幹細胞生物学、細胞培養、分子遺伝学、免疫学、免疫組織化学、タンパク質化学及び生化学における当業者)によって一般的に理解されているのと同じ意味を有すると解釈される。
本明細書で使用される場合、「被験者」という用語(本明細書では「患者」とも称される)は、温血動物、好ましくはヒトを含む哺乳動物を包含する。被験者は、例えば家畜(例えばヒツジ、ウシ、ウマ、ロバ、ブタ)、ペット動物(例えばイヌ、ネコ)、実験動物(例えばマウス、ウサギ、ラット、モルモット、ハムスター)、又は捕獲野生動物(例えばキツネ、シカ)であり得る。好ましい実施形態では、被験者は霊長動物である。さらに一層好ましい実施形態では、被験者はヒトである。
本明細書で使用される場合、「眼疾患」は、眼又は眼の部分若しくは領域の1つを侵す又は含む疾患、病気又は状態である。眼は、眼球並びに眼球を構成する組織及び液体、眼周囲筋(例えば斜筋及び直筋)並びに眼球内にある又は眼球に隣接する視神経の部分を含む。
本明細書で使用される場合、「血管新生」という用語は、新たな及び/又は発生中の血管の組織内への成長を含む組織血管形成の過程と定義され、新生血管形成とも称される。この過程は、3つの方法:血管が既存の血管から出芽し得る、血管の新たな発生が前駆細胞から生じ得る(血管形成)、及び/又は存在する小血管の直径が拡大し得る方法のいずれかで進行し得る。
細胞は、眼疾患及び/又は血管新生関連障害を治療するために使用できる任意の細胞型であり得る。
本発明の方法のために有用な細胞は様々な技術を用いて入手できる。例えば、細胞−抗体複合体に関連する性質又は抗体に結合された標識を参照することによって細胞を物理的に分離する、多くの細胞選別技術が使用できる。この標識は、磁性粒子又は蛍光分子であり得る。抗体は、密度によって分離可能な、多数の細胞の凝集体を形成するように架させ得る。あるいは、抗体を固定基質に結合してもよく、所望細胞がそれに接着する。
本発明の方法における使用のための化合物は、VEGFがその通常の生物学的作用を及ぼす能力を低下させる任意の種類の分子であり得る。例えば、化合物は、VEGF自体、その受容体、又はVEGFによる結合後のVEGF受容体活性化時に活性化される及び/又は合成される細胞内シグナル伝達タンパク質若しくは転写因子に結合し得るか、又はその産生を低下させ得る。従って、本明細書で使用される場合、「VEGFシグナル伝達を破壊する化合物」という用語は、VEGF、VEGF受容体又はVEGFシグナル伝達に関与する他の分子の量、及び/又はVEGFがその対応する受容体を介してシグナル伝達し、関連する下流の生物学的作用を生じさせる、例えば細胞増殖及び/又は分裂を促進する能力を低下させる化合物を指す。
1つの実施形態では、VEGFシグナル伝達を破壊するための化合物の標的分子は、血管内皮増殖因子である。
抗体−概要
ハイブリドーマによってモノクローナル抗体を作製するための一般的な方法は周知である。不死抗体産生細胞株は、細胞融合によって、及びまた他の技術、例えば腫瘍形成性DNAによるBリンパ球の直接形質転換、又はエプスタイン−バーウイルスによるトランスフェクションによって創製され得る。標的エピトープに対して産生されるモノクローナル抗体のパネルを様々な性質に関して、すなわちアイソタイプ及びエピトープ親和性に関してスクリーニングすることができる。
抗体は、欧州特許出願第EP−A−0239400号に従って所望CDRをヒトフレーワークに移植することによってヒト化され得る。所望の再構成された抗体をコードするDNA配列は、それ故、そのCDRを再構成したいと考えるヒトDNAから始まって作製され得る。所望CDRを含む動物由来可変ドメインアミノ酸配列を、選択したヒト抗体可変ドメイン配列のものと比較する。動物由来CDRを組み込んだヒト可変領域を作製するために動物における対応残基に変更する必要があるヒト可変ドメイン内の残基を選び出す。また、ヒト配列において置換する、ヒト配列に付加する又はヒト配列から欠失させる必要がある残基も存在し得る。
(a)少なくともIg重鎖又は軽鎖の可変ドメイン、ヒト抗体からのフレームワーク領域を含む可変ドメイン及び本発明のヒト化抗体のために必要なCDRをコードするDNA配列に作動可能に連結された適切なプロモーターを含む第1の複製可能な発現ベクターを調製すること;
(b)それぞれ相補的なIg軽鎖又は重鎖の少なくとも可変ドメインをコードするDNA配列に作動可能に連結された適切なプロモーターを含む第2の複製可能な発現ベクターを調製すること;
(c)第1の又は両方の調製したベクターで細胞株を形質転換すること;及び
(d)前記形質転換細胞株を培養して前記の変化した抗体を生成すること
を含む工程によって作製され得る。
遺伝子サイレンシング
「アンチセンスポリヌクレオチド」という用語は、本発明のポリペプチドをコードし、転写後事象、例えばmRNA翻訳に干渉することができる特異的mRNA分子の少なくとも一部に相補的なDNA又はRNA又はそれらの組合せの分子を意味すると解釈される。アンチセンス法の使用は当分野において周知である(例えばG. Hartmann and S. Endres, Manual of Antisense Methodology, Kluwer (1999)参照)。Senior (1998)は、アンチセンス法は、現在、遺伝子発現を操作するための極めて広く確立された技術であると述べている。
触媒ポリヌクレオチド/核酸という用語は、個別の基質を特異的に認識し、この基質の化学的修飾を触媒する、DNA分子若しくはDNA含有分子(当分野では「デオキシリボザイム」としても知られる)又はRNA若しくはRNA含有分子(「リボザイム」としても知られる)を指す。触媒核酸における核酸塩基は、塩基A、C、G、T(及びRNAについてはU)であり得る。
本明細書で述べる治療用ポリヌクレオチドは、しばしば「遺伝子治療」と称される治療形式でのそのようなポリヌクレオチドの発現により、本発明に従って使用され得る。そこで、患者からの細胞を、エクスビボでポリヌクレオチドをコードするようにポリヌクレオチド、例えばDNA又はRNAを用いて操作し得る。操作した細胞を、次に、ポリヌクレオチド、又は該当する場合はそれによってコードされるポリペプチド(例えばVEGF抗体)で治療される患者に提供することができる。この実施形態では、例えば形質転換するためのレトロウイルスプラスミドベクターの使用によって、細胞、例えば幹細胞又は分化した幹細胞をエクスビボで操作し得る。そのような方法は当分野において周知であり、本発明におけるそれらの使用は、本明細書における教示から明らかである。
典型的には、本発明の細胞及び化合物は、少なくとも1つの医薬的に許容される担体を含有する医薬組成物中で投与される。さらに、本発明の1つの態様は、細胞及びVEGFシグナル伝達を破壊する化合物、並びに、場合により医薬的に許容される担体を含有する組成物に関する。
材料及び方法
受容者
種 カニクイザル(マカカ・ファシキュラリス(Macaca fascicularis))
系統 シノモルガス(Cynomolgus)
供給元 PCS Preferred Supplier
年齢 治療開始時に約1歳半〜3歳半
体重範囲 治療開始時に約2〜4kg
群の数 7
動物の数 雄性6匹/群及び予備の2匹(合計44匹の動物)
動物を、格子型の床(bar-type floor)と自動給水弁を備えたステンレススチールケージに、可能な場合はグループで収容した(2又は3匹)。各々のケージに、プロジェクト、群、動物番号及び入れ墨を示す色分けしたケージカードを明瞭に貼付した。
温度 24±3℃
湿度 50±20%
光周期 明12時間及び暗12時間(指定された手順の間を除く)。
すべての動物に、指定された手順の間を除き、市販の標準認定ペレット化霊長類飼料(standard certified pelleted commercial primate food)(2050C Certified Global 20% Protein Primate Diet:Harlan)を1日2回摂取させた。加えて、各々の動物に以下の補助食餌を任意の組合せで毎日与えた:Golden Banana Softy(登録商標)、Prima−Treat(登録商標)(5g体裁)及び/又は新鮮若しくは乾燥果物並びに環境エンリッチメントプログラムの一部として少なくとも週に1回Prima−Foraging Crumbles(登録商標)。麻酔からの回復後には、食欲を刺激し、栄養状態を維持するために付加的な補助果物を与えた。
治療の開始前に、パラメータとして体重による層別化を用いたコンピュータでの無作為化手順を使用して動物を処置群に割り当てた(健康状態が悪い動物も群に割り当てた)(表1)。
サル骨髄前駆細胞−カニクイザル(smMPC−cyno)(この実施例ではMPCとも称される)を、Master Batch Record 3001.MESを通して2007年6月25日に雌性カニクイザル(D.O.B.2005年3月12日)から収集した骨髄吸引物約15mlから単離した。骨髄吸引物懸濁液をフィコール処理し(Ficolled)、洗浄して、無核細胞(赤血球)を除去した。有核細胞を計数し、次に、CA12抗体(STRO−3抗体としても知られる−国際公開公報第2006/108229号参照)及びDynalbeadsに結合することによって分離した。抗体及びビーズが結合した細胞をMPC−1磁石の磁場によって陽性選択した。陽性選択した細胞を計数し、増殖培地中第0継時に、Tフラスコに接種した。選択前、陽性及び陰性細胞をコロニー形成アッセイ(CFU−F)において使用した。
レーザー誘導脈絡膜新生血管形成(CNV)を試験物質投与と同じ日に実施した。手順の前に動物を一晩絶食させた。
ルセンティス(商標)(0.5mg/mL、0.3mL/バイアル;Novartis Canada)をレーザー治療の時点で投与し、MPC+ルセンティスを摂取する群にはレーザー損傷の7日後にMPCを投与した。局所眼科用抗生物質(ゲンタマイシン)を、治療の前日に2回、最後の注射の直後及び注射の翌日に2回(午前及び午後)適用した。レーザー治療の前に1回だけ注射を実施した場合は、レーザー治療後に抗生物質を適用した。
眼検査
2、14、26、34及び40日目に動物を眼科学的評価に供した。
眼検査後(投与直後の検査を除く)、眼内圧(IOP)を測定した。測定の前に局所麻酔薬(アルカイン、0.5%)を点眼した。Tono−Pen XL(商標)又はTonoVetを使用して測定を行った。試験全体を通じて同じ装置型を使用した。
網膜電図記録をすべての動物に関して治療前に1回及び27日目と41日目に実施した。ERG記録の少なくとも30分前に動物を暗所適応させた。動物にグリコピロレート、ケタミン及びキシラジンの鎮静薬カクテルの筋肉内注射を実施した。試験の約5〜10分前にミドリアシル(1%)を各々の眼に適用した。眼瞼を開瞼器によって牽引し、コンタクトレンズ電極を各眼の表面に位置づけた。針電極を各眼の下(参照)及び額の後の頭部(グラウンド)の皮膚に設置した。眼にそれらを設置する前にカルボキシメチルセルロース(1%)点眼薬をコンタクトレンズ電極の内部表面に適用した。
1)−30dB単回閃光、平均5回の単回閃光、閃光の間隔は10秒間
2)−10dB単回閃光、平均5回の単回閃光、閃光の間隔は15秒間
3)0dB、平均2回の単回閃光、閃光の間隔は約120秒間。
フルオレセイン血管造影図(FA)を投与前に1回並びに15、28、35及び42日目に得た。適切な絶食期間後、動物にプロポフォールの静脈内注射を実施し、その後挿管した。
第1〜4群から試験の実施期間中に得た数値データ(主試験のみ)を群平均値及び標準偏差の算定に供した。対象とする各パラメータについて(ERG、眼圧測定及びFAを除く)、0.05の有意レベルでルビーン検定を使用して群分散を比較した。群分散の間の差が有意と認められなかった場合は、一方向分散分析(ANOVA)を実施した。ANOVAによって平均値間で有意差が指示された場合(p≦0.05)は、ダネット「t」検定を使用して対照群と各々の処置群の間で群平均の比較を実施した。
図2Aは、レーザー光凝固後の非ヒト霊長動物眼に注射した、抗VEGFモノクローナル抗体(ルセンティス0.5mg/50μl)又は低(78,100細胞/50μl)、中(312,500細胞/50μl)若しくは高(1,250,000細胞/50μl)濃度で投与した同種MPCの単回用量のいずれかの硝子体内注射後42日目のフルオレセイン血管造影の結果を示す。硝子体内注射後42日目に、血管漏出/新生血管形成の程度は同等であり、いずれの群間でも有意に異ならなかった。
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Claims (31)
- 被験者において眼疾患を治療する又は予防する方法であって、i)細胞、及びii)血管内皮増殖因子(VEGF)シグナル伝達を破壊する化合物を被験者に投与することを含む方法。
- 眼疾患が、網膜虚血、網膜炎症、網膜浮腫、網膜剥離、黄斑円孔、牽引性網膜症、硝子体出血、牽引性黄斑症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性黄斑浮腫、未熟児網膜症、黄斑変性、角膜移植片拒絶反応、血管新生緑内障、水晶体後線維増殖症及び/又はルベオーシスからなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 眼疾患が、網膜剥離、糖尿病性網膜症、未熟児網膜症及び/又は黄斑変性である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 黄斑変性が、萎縮型加齢黄斑変性又は滲出型加齢黄斑変性である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 被験者において血管新生関連疾患を治療する又は予防する方法であって、i)細胞、及びii)血管内皮増殖因子(VEGF)シグナル伝達を破壊する化合物を被験者に投与することを含む方法。
- 血管新生関連疾患が、血管新生依存性癌、良性腫瘍、関節リウマチ、乾癬、眼血管新生疾患、オスラー−ウェーバー症候群、心筋血管新生、プラーク新生血管形成、毛細血管拡張症、血友病性関節症、血管線維腫、創傷肉芽形成、腸管癒着、アテローム性動脈硬化症、強皮症、過形成性瘢痕、ネコ引っ掻き病及びヘリコバクターピロリ(Helicobacter pylori)潰瘍からなる群より選択される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 細胞が幹細胞又はその子孫細胞である、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 幹細胞が骨髄又は眼から得られる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 幹細胞が間葉系前駆細胞(MPC)である、請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- 間葉系前駆細胞が、TNAP+、STRO−1+、VCAM−1+、THY−1+、STRO−2+、CD45+、CD146+、3G5+又はそれらの任意の組合せである、請求項9に記載の方法。
- STRO−1+細胞の少なくとも一部がSTRO−1briである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 子孫細胞が、間葉系前駆細胞をインビトロで培養することによって得られる、請求項7から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 化合物が、血管内皮増殖因子に結合する、及び/又は血管内皮増殖因子の産生を低下させる、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 血管内皮増殖因子がVEGF−A、VEGF−B、VEGF−C及び/又はVEGF−Dである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 血管内皮増殖因子がVEGF−Aである、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 血管内皮増殖因子の産生を低下させる化合物が、低酸素誘導因子1(HIF−1)に結合する、及び/又は低酸素誘導因子1の産生を低下させる、請求項13から15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 化合物が、血管内皮増殖因子受容体に結合する、及び/又は血管内皮増殖因子受容体の産生を低下させる、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 血管内皮増殖因子受容体が、VEGFR1、VEGFR2及び/又はVEGFR3から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 血管内皮増殖因子受容体がVEGFR1及び/又はVEGFR2である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 化合物が、血管内皮増殖因子受容体に結合する血管内皮増殖因子によって誘導される細胞内シグナル伝達に関与する分子に結合する、及び/又は前記分子の産生を低下させる、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 化合物がポリペプチドである、請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ポリペプチドが、抗体、抗体関連分子、及び/又はそのいずれか1つのフラグメントである、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 化合物がポリヌクレオチドである、請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ポリヌクレオチドが、アンチセンスポリヌクレオチド、センスポリヌクレオチド、触媒ポリヌクレオチド、二本鎖RNA分子、又はそれらのいずれか1つ又はそれ以上をコードするポリヌクレオチドである、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 細胞の少なくとも一部が遺伝的に修飾されている、請求項1から24のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 被験者において眼疾患を治療する又は予防するための併用療法における使用のための薬剤を製造するための、細胞及びVEGFシグナル伝達を破壊する化合物の使用。
- 被験者において眼疾患を治療する又は予防するための併用療法における使用のための薬剤としての、細胞及びVEGFシグナル伝達を破壊する化合物の使用。
- 被験者において血管新生関連障害を治療する又は予防するための併用療法における使用のための薬剤を製造するための、細胞及びVEGFシグナル伝達を破壊する化合物の使用。
- 被験者において血管新生関連障害を治療する又は予防するための併用療法における使用のための薬剤としての、細胞及びVEGFシグナル伝達を破壊する化合物の使用。
- 細胞及びVEGFシグナル伝達を破壊する化合物、並びに、場合により医薬的に許容される担体を含有する組成物。
- 細胞及びVEGFシグナル伝達を破壊する化合物を含むキット。
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| AU2008903349A AU2008903349A0 (en) | 2008-06-30 | Treatment of eye diseases and excessive neovascularization using combined therapy | |
| AU2008903349 | 2008-06-30 | ||
| PCT/US2009/003902 WO2010005527A1 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2009-06-29 | Treatment of eye diseases and excessive neovascularization using a combined therapy |
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- 2009-06-29 CN CN2009801249790A patent/CN102076844B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2018016639A (ja) * | 2011-07-04 | 2018-02-01 | メゾブラスト,インコーポレーテッド | リウマチ性疾患を予防または治療する方法 |
| JP2015528454A (ja) * | 2012-08-28 | 2015-09-28 | ノバルティス アーゲー | 眼血管増殖性疾患の処置におけるvegfアンタゴニストの使用 |
| JP2016504311A (ja) * | 2012-12-12 | 2016-02-12 | メソブラスト、インコーポレイテッド | 内皮機能不全及び炎症の疾患の治療 |
| JP2023030116A (ja) * | 2012-12-12 | 2023-03-07 | メソブラスト、インコーポレイテッド | 内皮機能不全及び炎症の疾患の治療 |
| JP2024147655A (ja) * | 2012-12-12 | 2024-10-16 | メソブラスト、インコーポレイテッド | 内皮機能不全及び炎症の疾患の治療 |
| US20220145248A1 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2022-05-12 | University Of Pittsburgh - Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education | Use of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Glaucoma Treatment |
| WO2018008749A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-11 | TAK-Circulator株式会社 | Mex3b遺伝子の発現を抑制する核酸、mex3b遺伝子発現抑制剤、mex3b遺伝子発現を抑制する方法及びmex3b遺伝子発現に起因する疾病の予防又は治療剤 |
| US11279935B2 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2022-03-22 | Tak-Circulator Co, Ltd | Method for screening prophylactic or therapeutic agents for diseases caused by interleukin 6, interleukin 13, TNF, G-CSF, CXCL1, CXCL2, or CXCL5 and agent for the prevention or treatment of diseases caused by interleukin 6, interleukin 13, TNF, G-CSF, CXCL1, CXCL2, or CXCL5 |
| US11312956B2 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2022-04-26 | Tak-Circulator Co., Ltd | Nucleic acid inhibiting expression of the MEX3B gene, MEX3B gene expression inhibitor, method for inhibiting MEX3B gene expression, and prophylactic or therapeutic agent for disease caused by MEX3B gene expression |
| JP2022516187A (ja) * | 2019-01-03 | 2022-02-24 | メゾブラスト・インターナショナル・エスアーエールエル | 視力を改善するための方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20110036101A (ko) | 2011-04-06 |
| US20110200612A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
| AU2009269149A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
| CA2729303A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
| CN102076844B (zh) | 2013-08-07 |
| JP2015038059A (ja) | 2015-02-26 |
| WO2010005527A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
| SG10201510586PA (en) | 2016-01-28 |
| EP2294184A1 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
| CN102076844A (zh) | 2011-05-25 |
| AU2016203973A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
| AU2009269149B2 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
| EP2294184A4 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
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