JP2010514548A - 気体生成物生成用リアクタシステム - Google Patents
気体生成物生成用リアクタシステム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
本書は、参照によって盛り込まれている2006年12月20日に出願した仮出願番号第60/876,015の優先権を主張する。
本発明は、DE−FG36−05GO15046の下、米国エネルギ省によって授与されている米国政府の支援によって行われている。米国は本発明に一定の権利を有する。
以下の実験例は、本発明の様々な態様の実施例を考慮するべきであり、本発明の範囲を限定するように解釈されるべきではなく、添付したクレームによって規定される。
単一のリアクタシステムを使用して、効率性と供給原料の気体生成物への転化におけるフローパターンの効果の比較を行った(アップフロー対ダウンフロー)。単一のリアクタシステム(図6に示す)に、Calgon 206 CAT P 80x120(1031−023−1)支持体上に5%Pt、Pt:Re0.25の触媒を約140グラム、装填した。リアクタ管は、外径が1inchであり、総長が約24inchであった。グリセロールの供給原料水溶液(水に対してグリセロール32.6wt%)を、重量空間速度(WHSV)、1時間あたり触媒1グラムあたりグリセロール1.0グラムでリアクタに供給した。反応条件は、並流の熱媒体空気流を400℃にするとともに、625psig、250℃(予熱)に設定した。入口から出口までの圧力勾配は、1psig乃至2.5psigまでの範囲とした。図7は、単一のダウンフロー条件でのリアクタの長さに沿った触媒床の温度を図示している。
図2及び3に示されているダウンフローの多管式リアクタシステムを用いて、グリセロールから合成ガスを生成した。47個のリアクタ管を具えるリアクタシステムは組み合わせて、Calgon 206 CAT P 80x120支持体上に5%Pt Pt:Re0.50の触媒、総計約6,460グラムを装填した。リアクタ管は、外径が1inchであり、触媒を充填した総長が約24inchであった。グリセロールの供給原料水溶液(水に対してグリセロール36.2wt%)を、WHSV、1時間あたり触媒1グラムあたりグリセロール0.5乃至1.0グラムでリアクタに供給した。反応条件は、600psig、250℃(予熱)に設定した。並流の熱媒体空気流を気流速度90SCFM、条件によって約350℃から415℃まで可変温度で供給した。リアクタにわたる入口から出口までの圧力勾配は、0.5psig乃至3psigまでの範囲とした。
Claims (21)
- 不均一触媒を用いて、液体供給原料を非凝縮性気体生成物に転化する並流ダウンフローリアクタにおいて、当該リアクタが:
内部に不均一触媒を有する少なくとも1の反応管を具える反応チャンバと;
圧力Piを有し、前記反応チャンバの上側部分に前記液体供給原料を供給するよう構成された入口と;
圧力Poを有し、前記反応チャンバの下側部分から前記非凝縮性気体生成物と排出物流動とを排出するよう構成された出口とを具え、PiがPoより大きいことを特徴とするリアクタ。 - 請求項1に記載のリアクタにおいて、前記反応チャンバが、各々が内部に触媒を具える複数の反応管と、当該反応管の少なくとも一部を封入するよう構成された外部シェルと、前記反応管を加熱するために、熱媒体を前記シェルに導入するように構成された加熱システムとを具えることを特徴とするリアクタ。
- 請求項1に記載のリアクタにおいて、前記触媒が、少なくとも1の第VIIIB族金属を具え、前記供給原料が、水と少なくとも1のC2+水溶性含酸素炭化水素とを含むことを特徴とするリアクタ。
- 請求項3に記載のリアクタにおいて、前記第VIIIB族金属が、プラチナ、ニッケル、パラジウム、ルテニウム、ロジウム、イリジウム、鉄、これらの合金、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択され、前記含酸素炭化水素がC2−6の含酸素炭化水素であることを特徴とするリアクタ。
- 請求項4に記載のリアクタにおいて、前記触媒がさらに、第VIIIB族金属、第VIIB族金属、第VIB族金属、第VB族金属、第IVB族金属、第IIB族金属、第IB族金属、第IVA族金属、第VA族金属、これらの合金、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される第2の触媒物質を具えることを特徴とするリアクタ。
- 請求項5に記載のリアクタにおいて、前記第2の触媒物質がレニウムであり、前記第VIIIB族遷移金属が、鉄、ニッケル、パラジウム、プラチナ、ルテニウム、ロジウム、これらの合金、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されることを特徴とするリアクタ。
- 請求項3に記載のリアクタにおいて、前記触媒が、炭素、二酸化ケイ素、二酸化ケイ素アルミナ、アルミナ、酸化ジルコニウム、チタニア、セリア、バナジア、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される1又はそれ以上の材料から作られた支持体に接着されることを特徴とするリアクタ。
- 請求項1に記載のリアクタにおいて、前記非凝縮性気体生成物が、水素、二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素、メタン、エタン、エチレン、プロパン、プロピレン、ブタン、ブタン、ペンタン、及びペンテンから成る群から選択される1又はそれ以上の気体を含むことを特徴とするリアクタ。
- 請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載のリアクタと、燃料として前記非凝縮性気体生成物を用いるよう構成されたエネルギ生成装置とを具えることを特徴とするエネルギ生成システム。
- 請求項9に記載のエネルギ生成システムにおいて、当該エネルギ生成装置が、内燃機関、PEM燃料電池、固体酸化物燃料電池、ガスタービン発電から成る群から選択される部材であることを特徴とするエネルギ生成システム。
- 非凝縮性気体の製造方法において、当該方法が:
1又はそれ以上の第VIIIB族金属を具える不均一触媒を用いて、約80℃乃至300℃の間の温度で、且つ前記非凝縮性気体と排出物を生成するのに好適な反応圧力で、水と少なくとも1のC2+水溶性含酸素炭化水素とを含む液体供給原料を反応させるステップを具え、圧力勾配が、前記液体供給原料、排出物、及び非凝縮性気体の並流ダウンフローを提供することを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項11に記載の方法において、前記第VIIIB族金属が、プラチナ、ニッケル、パラジウム、ルテニウム、ロジウム、イリジウム、鉄、これらの合金、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項11に記載の方法において、前記触媒がさらに、第VIIB族金属、第VIB族金属、第VB族金属、第IVB族金属、第IIB族金属、第IB族金属、第IVA族金属、第VA族金属、これらの合金、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される第2の触媒物質を具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項13に記載の方法において、前記第2の触媒物質がレニウムであり、前記第VIIIB族金属が、鉄、ニッケル、パラジウム、プラチナ、ルテニウム、ロジウム、これらの合金、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項11に記載の方法において、前記触媒が、炭素、二酸化ケイ素、二酸化ケイ素アルミナ、アルミナ、酸化ジルコニウム、チタニア、セリア、バナジア、及びこれらの混合物から成る群から選択される1又はそれ以上の材料から作られた支持体に接着されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項11に記載の方法において、前記含酸素炭化水素がC1−6の含酸素炭化水素であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項16に記載の方法において、前記含酸素炭化水素が、糖及び糖アルコールから成る群から選択される要素であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項11に記載の方法において、前記反応の温度が約150℃乃至約270℃の間であり、前記反応圧力が約72psig乃至約1300psigの間であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項11に記載の方法が、請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の前記リアクタを用いることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項11に記載の方法において、前記非凝縮性気体が、水素、二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素、メタン、エタン、エチレン、プロパン、プロピレン、ブタン、ブタン、ペンタン、及びペンテンから成る群から選択される1又はそれ以上の気体を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項11に記載の方法において、前記圧力勾配が、0.5乃至3psigの範囲であることを特徴とする方法。
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- 2007-12-20 KR KR1020097015061A patent/KR20090101260A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-12-20 AU AU2007353527A patent/AU2007353527B2/en active Active
- 2007-12-20 JP JP2009543232A patent/JP2010514548A/ja active Pending
- 2007-12-20 BR BRPI0719504A patent/BRPI0719504A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2007-12-20 MX MX2009006509A patent/MX2009006509A/es unknown
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| JP2013078743A (ja) * | 2011-10-05 | 2013-05-02 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | バイオマスガス化用触媒 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2111291A2 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
| CN101568377A (zh) | 2009-10-28 |
| MX2009006509A (es) | 2009-10-28 |
| BRPI0719504A2 (pt) | 2017-10-24 |
| ZA200904056B (en) | 2010-04-28 |
| AU2007353527B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
| AU2007353527A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
| CO6210746A2 (es) | 2010-10-20 |
| US20120282163A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
| US8834587B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 |
| CA2671730A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
| RU2009121628A (ru) | 2011-01-27 |
| KR20090101260A (ko) | 2009-09-24 |
| US20100288975A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
| WO2008140617A2 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
| WO2008140617A3 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
| NZ577547A (en) | 2012-05-25 |
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