JP2010512798A - 酪農調合物及びその製法 - Google Patents
酪農調合物及びその製法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010512798A JP2010512798A JP2009543148A JP2009543148A JP2010512798A JP 2010512798 A JP2010512798 A JP 2010512798A JP 2009543148 A JP2009543148 A JP 2009543148A JP 2009543148 A JP2009543148 A JP 2009543148A JP 2010512798 A JP2010512798 A JP 2010512798A
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2002年8月27日提出の出願No.10/229462の一部継続出願である。
本発明は、乳から成分を分離する方法、乳を個々の成分に分離する装置及びこの分離された成分から調製される調合物に関する。
本発明の1実施形態で、生乳の成分を以下のようにして分離した。乳分離器(CMRP618−HGV,Alfa Laval)を使用して、乳のコールドボウル機械的分離(cold bowl mechanical separation)を45°F(7.2℃)以下の温度で実施し、遠心力によりクリームと脱脂乳に分離した。本発明のプロセスは、42°F(5.6℃)以下の温度で実施するのが好ましい。所要の温度にプロセス温度を保持するために、膜濾過系と組み合わせて、誘導弁を使用することができる。これらの誘導弁は、生成物温度が所望の最大値を超えると、温度が、45°F(7.2℃)を超えるならば、生成物を供給タンクに戻すように設計されている。結果として、生成物は、生成物温度が45°F(7.2℃)以下になるまで、前方に流れない。
本発明の他の実施形態では、生乳を、機械的分離器により脱脂乳とクリームに分離した。脱脂乳フラクションは、前記のように限外濾過により濃縮して、UF残留物とUF透過物を生じた。UF透過物は、前記のようにナノ濾過により濃縮して、NF透過物とNF残留物を生じた。NF透過物の一部を146°F(63.3℃)で30分間熱処理し、42°F(5.6℃)以下に冷却し、ブレンドされた酪農調合物の調製に使用するために36°F(2.2℃)で貯蔵した。NF透過物の他の部分は、UF残留物と混合し、透析濾過系により濃縮し、DF残留物とDF透過物を生じた。本発明の特定の態様では、場合により、第二のDFステップを使用して、出発材料、即ちUF残留物、のラクトースを更に減じた。
本発明の1実施形態で、生乳を、脱脂乳とクリームに分離した。脱脂乳フラクションは、前記のように限外濾過により濃縮して、UF残留物とUF透過物を生じた。UF透過物は、前記のようにナノ濾過により濃縮して、NF透過物とNF残留物を生じた。NF透過物の一部を146°F(63.3℃)で30分間熱処理し、42°F(5.6℃)以下に冷却し、ブレンドされた酪農調合物の調製に使用するために36°F(2.2℃)で貯蔵した。NF残留物は、146°F(63.3℃)で30分間熱処理し、42°F(5.6℃)以下に冷却し、冷所(36°F(2.2℃))に移した。NF透過物の他の部分は、逆浸透系を使用して、2〜3倍濃縮した。RO残留物は、146°F(63.3℃)で30分間熱処理し、42°F(5.6℃)以下に冷却し、冷所(36°F)に移した。RO透過物は、将来の使用のために、取りのけておいた。
本発明の1実施形態は、例えば、UF/DF残留物(DF残留物I又はDF残留物II)、NF残留物及びNF透過物などの乳成分1種以上を含む、ブレンドされた酪農調合物を提供する。UF/DF残留物は、ブレンドされた調合物の基礎となる主要成分である。この成分は、最終生成物に必要な蛋白質の大部分を含有する。NF残留成分は、主として、最終生成物のラクトース及びミネラルの源であり、最大の風味の担体でもある。RO残留物は、生成物の無脂固形分フラクションを、乳を特定する基準に規格化するのに必要な乳ミネラル/水の主要源である。
本発明の更に別の実施形態は、例えば、UF/DF残留物(DF残留物I又はDF残留物II)、NF残留物及びRO残留物などの乳成分1種以上を含む、ブレンドされた酪農調合物を提供する。本発明の特定の態様では、場合により、(生乳から分離された)クリームを調合物に添加することができる。乳成分のブレンド後に、調合物を、146°F(63.3℃)で30分間又は165°Fで16秒間低温殺菌した。低温殺菌後、調合物を約45°F(7.2℃)まで冷却し、酵素ラクターゼで処理した。ラクターゼ処理後に、最終生成物は、一般に、予消毒したプラスチック瓶に詰め、冷所(36°F)に移し、断熱コンテナで出荷されるまで貯蔵した。本発明の代替実施形態では、調合物に、低温殺菌前にラクターゼ処理を施してよい。
本発明の1実施形態は、例えば、UF/DF残留物(DF残留物I又はDF残留物II)、RO残留物及びRO透過物などの乳成分1種以上を含む、ブレンドされた酪農調合物を提供する。本発明の特定の態様では、場合により、(生乳から分離された)クリームを調合物に添加することができる。乳成分のブレンド後に、調合物を、146°F(63.3℃)で30分間又は162°Fで16秒間低温殺菌した。低温殺菌後、調合物を約45°F(7.2℃)まで冷却し、酵素ラクターゼで処理した。ラクターゼ処理後に、最終生成物は、ラクトースの全加水分解が達成されるまで、一般に、予消毒したプラスチック又は金属タンク/容器に詰められ、その後、乳の低温殺菌処理を行った。低温殺菌された生成物は、冷所(36°F)に移し、断熱コンテナ又は小売り用包装で出荷されるまで貯蔵した。本発明の代替実施形態では、低温殺菌前に、調合物にラクターゼ処理を施してよい。
本発明の別の実施形態は、例えば、UF残留物、RO残留物及びNF透過物などの乳成分1種以上を含む、ブレンドされた酪農調合物を提供する。本発明の特定の態様では、場合により、(生乳から分離された)クリームを調合物に添加することができる。乳成分のブレンド後に、調合物を、146°F(63.3℃)で30分間又は165°Fで16秒間低温殺菌した。低温殺菌後、調合物を約45°F(7.2℃)まで冷却し、酵素ラクターゼで処理した。ラクターゼ処理後に、最終生成物は、一般に、予消毒したプラスチック瓶に詰め、冷所(36°F)に移し、断熱コンテナで出荷されるまで貯蔵した。本発明の代替実施形態では、調合物に、低温殺菌前にラクターゼ処理を施してよい。
表4は、例5に記載のようにして調製した蛋白質ほぼ5%を有するブレンド調合物の組成特性を表わす。UF−DF残留物は、UFステップ及び少なくとも1つのDFステップを通過した乳の残留フラクションを示す。
酵素処理の前の最終生成物中の成分範囲は、典型的には蛋白質3.5〜12.0%、ラクトース0.1〜5.0%、ミネラル0.6〜1.1%、カルシウム0.2〜0.8%、及び乳脂肪0(無脂肪)〜4(高脂肪)%である。生成物のラクターゼ処理後に、生成物中のラクトースの量は著しく減じられる。本発明の特定の実施形態では、酵素処理生成物のラクトース量は、0まで減じられる。
Claims (23)
- 酪農調合物の製造方法であって、
乳を1方向だけの流れで、濾過装置を通過させるステップと、
乳に限外濾過を施して、限外濾過透過フラクション及び限外濾過残留フラクションを生じるステップと、
前記限外濾過透過フラクションにナノ濾過を施して、ナノ濾過透過フラクション及びナノ濾過残留フラクションを生じるステップと、
前記限外濾過残留フラクションに透析濾過を施して、透析濾過透過フラクション及び透析濾過残留フラクションを生じるステップと、
1つ以上の透過フラクション及び残留フラクションを混合して混合物を形成するステップと、
混合物を146°F(63.3℃)で熱処理するステップと、
熱処理混合物をラクターゼ酵素で処理するステップと
を含む、製法。 - 限外濾過ステップの前に、乳を脱脂乳とクリームとに分離する、請求項1に記載の製法。
- 脱脂乳に限外濾過ステップを施す、請求項2に記載の製法。
- 透析濾過ステップの前に、限外濾過残留フラクションに水を混ぜる、請求項1に記載の製法。
- 透析濾過ステップの前に、限外濾過残留フラクションにナノ濾過透過フラクションを混ぜる、請求項1に記載の製法。
- 1つ以上の透過及び残留フラクションから製造された混合物は、更にクリームを含む、請求項2に記載の製法。
- 酪農調合物の製造方法であって、
乳を1方向だけの流れで、濾過装置を通過させるステップと、
乳に限外濾過を施して、限外濾過透過フラクション及び限外濾過残留フラクションを生じるステップと、
前記限外濾過透過フラクションにナノ濾過を施して、ナノ濾過透過フラクション及びナノ濾過残留フラクションを生じるステップと、
前記ナノ濾過透過フラクションに逆浸透を施して、逆浸透透過フラクション及び逆浸透残留フラクションを生じるステップと、
1つ以上の透過フラクション及び残留フラクションを混合して混合物を形成するステップと、
混合物を146°F(63.3℃)で熱処理するステップと、
熱処理混合物をラクターゼ酵素で処理するステップと
を含む、製法。 - 限外濾過ステップの前に、乳を脱脂乳とクリームとに分離する、請求項7に記載の製法。
- 脱脂乳に限外濾過ステップを施す、請求項8に記載の製法。
- 1つ以上の透過及び残留フラクションから製造された混合物は、更にクリームを含む、請求項8に記載の製法。
- 酪農調合物の製造方法であって、
乳を1方向だけの流れで、濾過装置を通過させるステップと、
乳に限外濾過を施して、限外濾過透過フラクション及び限外濾過残留フラクションを生じるステップと、
前記限外濾過透過フラクションにナノ濾過を施して、ナノ濾過透過フラクション及びナノ濾過残留フラクションを生じるステップと、
前記ナノ濾過透過フラクションに逆浸透を施して、逆浸透透過フラクション及び逆浸透残留フラクションを生じるステップと、
前記限外濾過残留フラクションに透析濾過を施して、透析濾過透過フラクション及び透析濾過残留フラクションを生じるステップと、
1つ以上の透過フラクション及び残留フラクションを混合して混合物を形成するステップと、
混合物を146°F(63.3℃)で熱処理するステップと、
熱処理混合物をラクターゼ酵素で処理するステップと
を含む、製法。 - 限外濾過ステップの前に、乳を脱脂乳とクリームとに分離する、請求項11に記載の製法。
- 脱脂乳に限外濾過ステップを施す、請求項12に記載の製法。
- 透析濾過ステップの前に、限外濾過残留フラクションに水を混ぜる、請求項11に記載の製法。
- 透析濾過ステップの前に、限外濾過残留フラクションに逆浸透透過フラクションを混ぜる、請求項11に記載の製法。
- 1つ以上の透過及び残留フラクションから製造された混合物は、更にクリームを含む、請求項12に記載の製法。
- 請求項1に記載の製法により調製される、酪農調合物。
- 請求項7に記載の製法により調製される、酪農調合物。
- 請求項11に記載の製法により調製される、酪農調合物。
- 冷凍菓子製品の製造方法であって、
乳にラクトース低減ステップを施すステップと、
乳中のラクトース濃度を低下させて、低ラクトース生成物を生じるステップと、
低ラクトース生成物を濃縮するステップと、
冷凍菓子製品を得るのに効果的な条件で濃縮低ラクトース生成物を冷凍するステップと
を含む、製法。 - 請求項20に記載の製法により調製される、冷凍菓子製品。
- 発酵酪農製品を調製する方法であって、
ラクトース富裕フラクションを乳から調製するステップと、
ラクトース富裕フラクションを出発培養菌と共にインキュベートして、発酵生成物を得るステップと、
発酵生成物を追加成分と混合して、混合物を形成するステップと、
混合物を、発酵酪農製品を得るのに効果的な条件でインキュベートするステップと
を含む、調製法。 - 請求項22に記載の方法により調製される、発酵酪農製品。
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|---|---|---|---|
| US11/641,468 US20070166447A1 (en) | 2002-08-27 | 2006-12-18 | Dairy compositions and method of making |
| PCT/US2007/087991 WO2008077071A1 (en) | 2006-12-18 | 2007-12-18 | Dairy compositions and method of making |
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| JP2013540447A (ja) * | 2010-10-29 | 2013-11-07 | ヴァリオ・リミテッド | 乳製品および調製方法 |
| KR20140067955A (ko) * | 2010-10-29 | 2014-06-05 | 발리오 리미티드 | 우유제품 및 그의 제조방법 |
| JP2016182124A (ja) * | 2010-10-29 | 2016-10-20 | ヴァリオ・リミテッドValio Ltd | 乳製品および調製方法 |
| KR101882038B1 (ko) | 2010-10-29 | 2018-07-25 | 발리오 리미티드 | 우유제품 및 그의 제조방법 |
| JP2022065126A (ja) * | 2011-07-06 | 2022-04-26 | ヴァリオ・リミテッド | 乳ベース製剤 |
| JP7367095B2 (ja) | 2011-07-06 | 2023-10-23 | ヴァリオ・リミテッド | 乳ベース製剤 |
| JP2016524910A (ja) * | 2013-07-18 | 2016-08-22 | デルタ ソシエダ アノニマ インダストリアル アンド コマーシャル カンパニー オブ フード プロダクツDelta S.A. Industrial and Commercial Company of Food Products | 複数回水切りしたヨーグルトを製造するシステム |
| WO2017104729A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-22 | 合同酒精株式会社 | 発酵乳製品及びその製造方法 |
| JPWO2017104729A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-10-04 | 合同酒精株式会社 | 発酵乳製品及びその製造方法 |
| US10716314B2 (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2020-07-21 | Godo Shusei Co., Ltd. | Yogurt product and method for manufacturing same |
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