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JP2010278039A - LED lighting protection circuit - Google Patents

LED lighting protection circuit Download PDF

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JP2010278039A
JP2010278039A JP2009125995A JP2009125995A JP2010278039A JP 2010278039 A JP2010278039 A JP 2010278039A JP 2009125995 A JP2009125995 A JP 2009125995A JP 2009125995 A JP2009125995 A JP 2009125995A JP 2010278039 A JP2010278039 A JP 2010278039A
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voltage
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Mizuki Utsuno
瑞木 宇津野
Kiyoshi Kasahara
清史 笠原
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Sanken Electric Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

【課題】従来のLED照明装置の保護回路は、LEDを複数直列に接続したLED直列体に、LED或いはマルチチップLED個々に保護回路を接続して異常検出していたが、保護回路の規模が大きく、或いは保護回路の電源電圧をフローティングとする必要があるなど高価な構成であった。
【解決手段】本LED照明保護回路は、複数個のLEDが直列に接続された中点電圧を2個のトランジスタで監視して、前記電源電圧の中点電圧が予め設定された所定の電圧幅以上に変動したことを検出して、前記複数のLEDの異常を判断することで、安価なLED照明保護回路を構成できる。
【選択図】図1
A protection circuit of a conventional LED lighting device detects an abnormality by connecting a protection circuit to each LED or multi-chip LED in an LED series body in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series, but the scale of the protection circuit is large. The configuration is expensive, such as being large or requiring that the power supply voltage of the protection circuit be floating.
The LED lighting protection circuit monitors a midpoint voltage in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series with two transistors, and a predetermined voltage width in which the midpoint voltage of the power supply voltage is set in advance. An inexpensive LED illumination protection circuit can be configured by detecting the above variation and determining the abnormality of the plurality of LEDs.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、LED照明用保護回路を使用したLED照明装置に係り、特に複数のLED(発光ダイオード)を直列接続したLED点灯ブロックを複数個備えるLED照明装置において、あるLED点灯ブロックに障害が生じた場合、他のLED点灯ブロック全てを停止することができるLED照明用保護回路に関する。   The present invention relates to an LED lighting device using a protection circuit for LED lighting, and particularly, in an LED lighting device including a plurality of LED lighting blocks in which a plurality of LEDs (light emitting diodes) are connected in series, a failure occurs in a certain LED lighting block. The present invention relates to a protection circuit for LED lighting that can stop all other LED lighting blocks.

近年、照明装置として、複数のLEDを直列接続したLED点灯ブロックを複数個備えるLED照明装置が多用されるようになって来ている。
ここで、LED照明装置として複数のLEDを直列接続すると、LEDの短絡、断線などによる故障が生じる確率は、LED単体の故障率よりも必然的に高くなる。このため、LEDの短絡、断線などによる故障を検出するものとして、LED個々のフォワード電圧Vfを検出するものであって、特開2004−501014号公報(特許文献1)に開示されたものがある。
また、複数のLEDチップを直列接続し、ひとつのパッケージ化したマルチチップLEDを直列接続したLED照明装置の精度の良いフォワード電圧Vfの検出するものとして、特開2007−112237号公報(特許文献2)に開示されたものがある。
上記特許文献1は、LED個々のフォワード電圧Vfを検出し、どれか1個のLEDが断線しても代替回路を通して電流を流して、残りの他のLEDを継続して点灯させるものである。また、上記特許文献2では、予めフォワード電圧Vfを初期値として記憶しておき、記憶された初期値から第1の異常判定値を設定し、逐次検出されたフォワード電圧Vfを更新値として逐次記憶し、逐次更新した値から第2の異常判定値を設定し、読み取り値と前記第1及び第2の異常判定値とを比較して異常の有無を判定するものである。
In recent years, LED lighting devices having a plurality of LED lighting blocks in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series have been widely used as lighting devices.
Here, when a plurality of LEDs are connected in series as an LED lighting device, the probability that a failure due to a short circuit or disconnection of the LED will inevitably be higher than the failure rate of a single LED. For this reason, as what detects a failure due to short circuit or disconnection of an LED, the forward voltage Vf of each LED is detected, which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-501014 (Patent Document 1). .
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-112237 (Patent Document 2) discloses a method for detecting a forward voltage Vf with high accuracy in an LED lighting device in which a plurality of LED chips are connected in series and one packaged multi-chip LED is connected in series. ) Is disclosed.
Patent Document 1 detects the forward voltage Vf of each LED, and even if any one of the LEDs is disconnected, a current is passed through the alternative circuit, and the remaining other LEDs are continuously lit. In Patent Document 2, the forward voltage Vf is stored in advance as an initial value, the first abnormality determination value is set from the stored initial value, and the sequentially detected forward voltage Vf is sequentially stored as an update value. Then, a second abnormality determination value is set from the sequentially updated values, and the presence or absence of abnormality is determined by comparing the read value with the first and second abnormality determination values.

特開2004−501014号公報JP 2004-501014 A 特開2007−112237号公報JP 2007-112237 A

しかしながら、上記特許文献には、個々のLEDフォワード電圧を監視するものであって、検出回路が大規模になり、かつ、高価な構成になっていた。
また、上記特許文献1においては、どれか1個のLEDが断線しても代替回路を通して継続して点灯させるため、個々のLEDに代替回路が用意されており、高価な構成になっていた。
また、特許文献2においては、マルチチップLED毎に電圧検出をする構成であるため、マルチチップLEDの直列数によっては、電源電圧が数10Vの中高圧電位になるため、図示されていないが各電圧検出回路には電位的にフローティング電源が必要となる場合があり、電圧検出回路毎に補助電源電圧を用意するなど高価になる。
本発明の目的は、上記問題点に鑑み、複数のLEDを直列接続したLED照明装置において、直列接続した複数のLEDの中点電圧を検出して、LEDの異常検出を行い、2個のトランジスタで構成される検出回路により、電圧検出回路をフローティングすることなく安価な構成によるLED照明用保護回路を提供することにある。
However, in the above-mentioned patent document, each LED forward voltage is monitored, and the detection circuit becomes large and expensive.
Moreover, in the said patent document 1, in order to make it light continuously through an alternative circuit even if any one LED disconnects, the alternative circuit was prepared for each LED, and it became an expensive structure.
Further, in Patent Document 2, since the voltage detection is performed for each multi-chip LED, depending on the number of multi-chip LEDs connected in series, the power supply voltage becomes a medium-high voltage potential of several tens of volts. The voltage detection circuit may require a floating power supply in terms of potential, which is expensive, such as preparing an auxiliary power supply voltage for each voltage detection circuit.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to detect the abnormality of an LED by detecting a midpoint voltage of a plurality of LEDs connected in series in an LED lighting device in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series, and two transistors. It is an object of the present invention to provide an LED illumination protection circuit having an inexpensive configuration without floating the voltage detection circuit.

本発明のLED照明用保護回路は、LEDが順方向に複数個直列に接続され、且つ、アノード側が正電源ラインに接続されると共にカソード側が負電源ラインに接続されたLED直列体において、前記複数個のLEDが直列に接続された中点の電圧が、前記電源電圧の中点電圧から、予め設定された所定の電圧幅以上に変動したことを検出して、前記複数のLEDの異常を判断することを備えたことを特徴とする。
また、本発明のLED照明用保護回路は、前記電源の中点電圧は、複数の抵抗を直列接続した抵抗分圧回路を正負電源ラインに接続し、前記抵抗分圧回路の第1の中点電圧に第1のNPNトランジスタのエミッタ端子を接続し、エミッタ端子電位を第1の一方の検出対象とし、前記第1のNPNトランジスタのベース端子を前記複数個のLEDが直列接続された中点に接続し、前記NPNトランジスタのベース端子電位を第1の他方の検出対象とし、前記抵抗分圧回路の第2の中点電圧に第2のPNPトランジスタのエミッタ端子を接続し、エミッタ端子電位を第1の一方の検出対象とし、前記第2のPNPトランジスタのベース端子を前記複数個のLEDが直列接続された中点に接続し、前記PNPトランジスタのベース端子電位を第2の他方の検出対象とし、前記第1の中点電圧が前記第2の中点電圧よりも高く設定され、前記複数個のLEDが直列に接続された中点の電圧が、前記第1の中点電圧又は前記第2の中点電圧より変動した時に、前記第1又は第2のトランジスタが導通することで、前記複数のLEDの異常を検出することを特徴とする。
また、本発明のLED照明用保護回路は、前記抵抗分圧回路に流れる電流の一部を次段の駆動電流に兼用することを特徴とする。
また、本発明のLED照明用保護回路は、LEDが順方向に複数個直列に接続され、且つ、アノード側が正電源ラインに接続されると共にカソード側が負電源ラインに接続されたLED直列体において、前記LED直列体が複数並列接続され基板に搭載されていて、ある一列のLED直列体の異常によって、全てのLED直列体を消灯させることを特徴とする。
また、本発明のLED照明装置は、前記電源の中点電圧は、複数の抵抗を直列接続した抵抗分圧回路を正負電源ラインに接続し、前記抵抗分圧回路の第1の中点電圧に第1のPNPトランジスタのベース端子を接続し、ベース端子電位を第1の一方の検出対象とし、前記第1のPNPトランジスタのエミッタ端子を前記複数個のLEDが直列接続された中点に接続し、前記PNPトランジスタのエミッタ端子電位を第1の他方の検出対象とし、前記抵抗分圧回路の第2の中点電圧に第2のNPNトランジスタのベース端子を接続し、ベース端子電位を第1の一方の検出対象とし、前記第2のNPNトランジスタのエミッタ端子を前記複数個のLEDが直列接続された中点に接続し、前記NPNトランジスタのエミッタ端子電位を第2の他方の検出対象とし、前記第1の中点電圧が前記第2の中点電圧よりも高く設定され、前記複数個のLEDが直列に接続された中点の電圧が、前記第1の中点電圧又は前記第2の中点電圧より変動した時に、前記第1又は第2のトランジスタが導通することで、前記複数のLEDの異常を検出することを特徴とする。
The protection circuit for LED lighting according to the present invention is the LED series body in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series in the forward direction, the anode side is connected to the positive power supply line, and the cathode side is connected to the negative power supply line. Detecting an abnormality in the plurality of LEDs by detecting that the voltage at the midpoint where the LEDs are connected in series fluctuates from the midpoint voltage of the power supply voltage to a predetermined voltage width or more that is set in advance. It is characterized by comprising.
In the LED lighting protection circuit according to the present invention, the midpoint voltage of the power source is a resistance voltage dividing circuit in which a plurality of resistors are connected in series, connected to a positive / negative power supply line, and a first midpoint of the resistance voltage dividing circuit. The emitter terminal of the first NPN transistor is connected to the voltage, the emitter terminal potential is the first one to be detected, and the base terminal of the first NPN transistor is at the middle point where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series. The base terminal potential of the NPN transistor is set as the first other detection target, the emitter terminal of the second PNP transistor is connected to the second midpoint voltage of the resistance voltage dividing circuit, and the emitter terminal potential is 1, the base terminal of the second PNP transistor is connected to the midpoint where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series, and the base terminal potential of the PNP transistor is set to the second detection target. The first midpoint voltage is set higher than the second midpoint voltage, and the midpoint voltage in which the plurality of LEDs are connected in series is the first midpoint voltage. When the voltage or the second midpoint voltage fluctuates, the first or second transistor is turned on to detect an abnormality in the plurality of LEDs.
In addition, the LED illumination protection circuit of the present invention is characterized in that a part of the current flowing through the resistance voltage dividing circuit is also used as a drive current for the next stage.
Further, the LED lighting protection circuit of the present invention is an LED series body in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series in the forward direction, the anode side is connected to the positive power supply line, and the cathode side is connected to the negative power supply line. A plurality of the LED series bodies are connected in parallel and mounted on a substrate, and all the LED series bodies are extinguished due to an abnormality of a certain row of LED series bodies.
In the LED lighting device according to the present invention, the midpoint voltage of the power supply is connected to a positive / negative power supply line by connecting a resistance voltage dividing circuit in which a plurality of resistors are connected in series to the first midpoint voltage of the resistance voltage dividing circuit. A base terminal of the first PNP transistor is connected, a potential of the base terminal is set as a first detection target, and an emitter terminal of the first PNP transistor is connected to a middle point where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series. The emitter terminal potential of the PNP transistor is the first other detection target, the base terminal potential of the second NPN transistor is connected to the second midpoint voltage of the resistance voltage dividing circuit, and the base terminal potential is One of the detection targets, the emitter terminal of the second NPN transistor is connected to the middle point where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series, and the emitter terminal potential of the NPN transistor is set to the second other The first midpoint voltage is set higher than the second midpoint voltage, and the midpoint voltage where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series is the first midpoint voltage or An abnormality of the plurality of LEDs is detected when the first or second transistor is turned on when the voltage changes from the second midpoint voltage.

本発明によれば、複数のLED直列体の断線又は短絡の異常検出を簡易な回路構成で行え、また、いずれかのLED点灯ブロックでLEDが断線又は短絡に至った場合でも、全てのLED点灯ブロックを消灯することができるLED照明用保護回路を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, disconnection or short circuit abnormality detection of a plurality of LED series bodies can be performed with a simple circuit configuration, and even when any LED lighting block causes LED disconnection or short circuit, all LED lighting is performed. A protection circuit for LED lighting that can turn off the block can be provided.

本発明の第1の実施の形態に係るLED照明用保護回路を備えたLED照明装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the LED lighting apparatus provided with the protection circuit for LED lighting which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第2の実施の形態に係るLED照明用保護回路を備えたLED照明装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the LED lighting apparatus provided with the protection circuit for LED lighting which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第1の実施の形態に係るLED照明用保護回路を備えたLED照明装置の応用例である。It is an application example of the LED lighting apparatus provided with the protection circuit for LED lighting which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention.

図1は本発明の第1の実施形態に係るLED照明保護回路を含むLED照明装置を示す図で、本実施形態によるLED照明用保護回路は、LEDが複数直列接続された第1のLED直列体と第2のLED直列体との接続点の中間電位と、抵抗R1〜R3を直列接続した抵抗分圧回路の各抵抗接続点の分圧された電位とをNPNトランジスタ及びPNPトランジスタにより比較するよう構成された回路で、LED直列体が異常になった時の電圧検出を行う点に特徴を有している。   FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an LED lighting device including an LED lighting protection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The LED lighting protection circuit according to this embodiment is a first LED series in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series. The intermediate potential at the connection point between the body and the second LED series body is compared with the divided potential at each resistance connection point of the resistance voltage dividing circuit in which the resistors R1 to R3 are connected in series by the NPN transistor and the PNP transistor. The circuit configured as described above is characterized in that voltage detection is performed when the LED series body becomes abnormal.

図1に示したLED照明用保護回路1は電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4を含む複数のLED直列体で構成されたLED点灯ブロックarm1〜armN、直列抵抗回路3、ラッチ回路5から構成されている。
そしてLED照明装置1の電源入力の正極端子にDC/DCコンバータなどからなる直流電源2の正極出力Vin、電源入力の負極端子に直流電源2の負極出力GNDが接続されるようになっている。
The LED illumination protection circuit 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes LED lighting blocks arm1 to armN, a series resistor circuit 3, and a latch circuit 5 each including a plurality of LED series bodies including a voltage detection transistor circuit 4.
The positive terminal Vin of the DC power source 2 comprising a DC / DC converter or the like is connected to the positive terminal of the power source input of the LED lighting device 1, and the negative output GND of the DC power source 2 is connected to the negative terminal of the power source input.

各LED点灯ブロックarm1〜armNは同じ回路構成となっている。
これらLED点灯ブロックの電圧検出用トランジスタ回路は同様に動作するので、第1のLED点灯ブロックarm1で代表して、LED照明装置1の回路構成を説明する。
Each LED lighting block arm1 to armN has the same circuit configuration.
Since these voltage detection transistor circuits of the LED lighting block operate in the same manner, the circuit configuration of the LED lighting device 1 will be described as a representative of the first LED lighting block arm1.

第1のLED点灯ブロックarm1は、複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDa1と、複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDb1が直列接続されている。
すなわち、直流電源2の正極電源ラインVinにLEDa1のアノード端子が接続され、LEDa1のカソード端子が次のLEDb1のアノード端子に接続され、LEDb1のカソード端子が直流電源2のGNDラインに接続されている。また、LEDa1のカソード端子と次のLEDb1のアノード端子の接続点に、抵抗Ra1と抵抗Rb1の一方の端子が接続され、抵抗Ra1の他方の端子はNPNトランジスタQa1のベース端子に接続され、抗Rb1の他方の端子はPNPトランジスタQb1のベース端子に接続され、電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4を構成している。NPNトランジスタQa1のエミッタ端子は、抵抗分圧回路のrefaラインに接続され、NPNトランジスタQa1のコレクタ端子は、ラッチ回路5のAaラインに接続され、PNPトランジスタQb1のエミッタ端子は、抵抗分圧回路のrefbラインに接続され、PNPトランジスタQb1のコレクタ端子は、ラッチ回路5のAbラインに接続されている。
In the first LED lighting block arm1, an LED series body LEDa1 in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series and an LED series body LEDb1 in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series are connected in series.
That is, the anode terminal of LEDa1 is connected to the positive power supply line Vin of the DC power supply 2, the cathode terminal of LEDa1 is connected to the anode terminal of the next LEDb1, and the cathode terminal of LEDb1 is connected to the GND line of the DC power supply 2. . In addition, one terminal of the resistor Ra1 and the resistor Rb1 is connected to the connection point between the cathode terminal of the LEDa1 and the anode terminal of the next LEDb1, and the other terminal of the resistor Ra1 is connected to the base terminal of the NPN transistor Qa1. The other terminal is connected to the base terminal of the PNP transistor Qb1 to form a voltage detection transistor circuit 4. The emitter terminal of the NPN transistor Qa1 is connected to the refa line of the resistance voltage dividing circuit, the collector terminal of the NPN transistor Qa1 is connected to the Aa line of the latch circuit 5, and the emitter terminal of the PNP transistor Qb1 is connected to the resistor voltage dividing circuit. The collector terminal of the PNP transistor Qb1 is connected to the Ab line of the latch circuit 5 and is connected to the refb line.

また、第1のLED点灯ブロックarm1には、複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDa1と、複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDb1の直列接続点の電位は直流電源2の電圧Vinのほぼ1/2になっている。これは、LED直列体LEDa1とLED直列体LEDb1は同じ個数のLEDが接続されており、かつ、LED直列体のLED個々のフォワード電圧に大きな電圧差がないためである。このLED直列体LEDa1とLEDb1との接続点電位をv1とする。 Further, in the first LED lighting block arm1, the potential of the series connection point of the LED series body LEDa1 in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series and the LED series body LEDb1 in which the plurality of LEDs are connected in series is a voltage of the DC power supply 2. It is almost 1/2 of Vin. This is because the LED series body LEDa1 and the LED series body LEDb1 are connected to the same number of LEDs, and there is no large voltage difference between the forward voltages of the LEDs in the LED series body. A connection point potential between the LED series bodies LEDa1 and LEDb1 is set to v1.

抵抗分圧回路3は、抵抗R1、R2、R3の直列抵抗で構成され、直流電源2の正電源ラインVinに抵抗R1の一方の端子が接続され、抵抗R3の他方の端子が直流電源2のGNDラインに接続されている。
ここで、抵抗R2の一方の端子と抵抗R1の他方の端子が接続点をrefaとし、前述の電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のトランジスタQa1のエミッタ端子に接続されている。
また、抵抗R2の他方の端子と抵抗R3の一方の端子の接続点をrefbとし、前述の電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のトランジスタQb1のエミッタ端子に接続されている。
The resistance voltage dividing circuit 3 is composed of series resistors of resistors R1, R2, and R3. One terminal of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive power supply line Vin of the DC power supply 2, and the other terminal of the resistor R3 is connected to the DC power supply 2. It is connected to the GND line.
Here, one terminal of the resistor R2 and the other terminal of the resistor R1 are connected to the emitter terminal of the transistor Qa1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit 4 with the connection point being referred to as refa.
A connection point between the other terminal of the resistor R2 and one terminal of the resistor R3 is refb, and is connected to the emitter terminal of the transistor Qb1 of the voltage detecting transistor circuit 4 described above.

ラッチ回路5は、電圧検出用トランジスタ回路がLED直列体の異常を検出したときに、DC/DCコンバータなどからなる直流電源2の電圧供給を停止させる信号を送出する構成としている。
ここで、電圧検出用トランジスタ回路からの異常信号をラッチする回路5は、NPNトランジスタQ2、PNPトランジスタQ3、ツェナーダイオードZD1、ZD2、抵抗R6〜R11、コンデンサC1,C2、からなるサイリスタ構成からなる。
異常信号をラッチする回路5は、直流電源2の正電源ラインVinに、抵抗R10の一方の端子と、コンデンサC2の一方の端子と、PNPトランジスタQ3のエミッタ端子とが接続され、抵抗R10の他方の端子とPNPトランジスタQ3のベース端子とツェナーダイオードZD2のカソード端子が接続され、ツェナーダイオードZD2のアノード端子とコンデンサC2の他方の端子と、抵抗R11の一方の端子と抵抗R6の一方の端子とが接続され、抵抗R11の他方の端子とフォトカプラPC1のフォトダイオードのアノード端子が接続され、フォトカプラPC1のフォトダイオードのカソード端子とNPNトランジスタQ2のコレクタ端子が接続され、NPNトランジスタQ2のベース端子はツェナーダイオードZD1のアノード端子と抵抗R9の一方の端子に接続され、NPNトランジスタQ2のエミッタ端子は抵抗R9の他方の端子とコンデンサC1の他方の端子と接続され、かつ直流電源2のGNDラインに接続され、ツェナーダイオードZD1のカソード端子はコンデンサC1の一方の端子と抵抗R7の他方の端子と抵抗R8の他方の端子に接続され、抵抗R8の一方の端子はPNPトランジスタQ3のコレクタ端子に接続されている。
なお、抵抗R6の一方の端子は、電圧検出用トランジスタ回路のNPNトランジスタQa1のコレクタ端子に接続される。また、抵抗R7の一方の端子は、電圧検出用トランジスタ回路のPNPトランジスタQb1のコレクタ端子に接続される。
また、フォトカプラPC1のフォトトランジスタ側の接続の詳細を図示しないが、直流電源2の制御回路に接続され、フォトカプラPC1のフォトトランジスタがオンすると電源停止する構成となっている。
The latch circuit 5 is configured to send a signal for stopping the voltage supply of the DC power source 2 composed of a DC / DC converter or the like when the voltage detection transistor circuit detects an abnormality of the LED series body.
Here, the circuit 5 that latches the abnormal signal from the voltage detection transistor circuit has a thyristor configuration including an NPN transistor Q2, a PNP transistor Q3, Zener diodes ZD1, ZD2, resistors R6 to R11, and capacitors C1, C2.
In the circuit 5 for latching the abnormal signal, one terminal of the resistor R10, one terminal of the capacitor C2, and the emitter terminal of the PNP transistor Q3 are connected to the positive power supply line Vin of the DC power supply 2, and the other terminal of the resistor R10 is connected. Is connected to the base terminal of the PNP transistor Q3, the cathode terminal of the Zener diode ZD2, the anode terminal of the Zener diode ZD2, the other terminal of the capacitor C2, one terminal of the resistor R11, and one terminal of the resistor R6. The other terminal of the resistor R11 is connected to the anode terminal of the photodiode of the photocoupler PC1, the cathode terminal of the photodiode of the photocoupler PC1 is connected to the collector terminal of the NPN transistor Q2, and the base terminal of the NPN transistor Q2 is The anode end of the Zener diode ZD1 Are connected to one terminal of the resistor R9, the emitter terminal of the NPN transistor Q2 is connected to the other terminal of the resistor R9 and the other terminal of the capacitor C1, and is connected to the GND line of the DC power supply 2, and the Zener diode ZD1 The cathode terminal is connected to one terminal of the capacitor C1, the other terminal of the resistor R7, and the other terminal of the resistor R8, and one terminal of the resistor R8 is connected to the collector terminal of the PNP transistor Q3.
One terminal of the resistor R6 is connected to the collector terminal of the NPN transistor Qa1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit. One terminal of the resistor R7 is connected to the collector terminal of the PNP transistor Qb1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit.
Although details of connection on the phototransistor side of the photocoupler PC1 are not shown, the power supply is stopped when the phototransistor of the photocoupler PC1 is connected to the control circuit of the DC power supply 2 and turned on.

次にLED照明装置1の分圧抵抗回路3及び電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4の動作を説明する。
抵抗分圧回路3の抵抗R1と抵抗R2と抵抗R3の抵抗比は、例えばR1=R3、かつR1:R2=4:1に設定され、抵抗R2の両端子電圧であるrefaとrefb電位差を直流電源2の電圧Vinの1/9倍に設定するようになっている。(これは一例であって、その他の倍率に設定することは任意である)
refaラインには、前述の電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のNPNトランジスタQa1のエミッタ端子が接続され、かつNPNトランジスタQa1のベース端子には前述のv1電位に接続されているので、NPNトランジスタQa1のベース〜エミッタ端子間には下記のバイアス電圧が印加される。
Qa1エミッタ端子電圧=refa=5/9×Vin
Qa1ベース端子電圧=v1=1/2×Vin
∴Qa1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbe
=v1−refa=(1/2−5/9)×Vin=−1/18Vin・・・(1)
また、refbラインには、前述の電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のPNPトランジスタQb1のエミッタ端子が接続され、かつPNPトランジスタQb1のベース端子には前述のv1電位に接続されているので、PNPトランジスタQb1のベース〜エミッタ端子間には下記のバイアス電圧が印加される。
Qb1エミッタ端子電圧=refb=4/9×Vin
Qb1ベース端子電圧=v1=1/2×Vin
∴Qb1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbe
=v1−refb=(1/2−4/9)×Vin=1/18Vin・・・(2)
したがって、(1)式、(2)式からわかるように、電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のNPNトランジスタQa1及びPNPトランジスタQb1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbeには各々逆バイアス電圧1/18Vinが印加されている。
Next, operations of the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 and the voltage detecting transistor circuit 4 of the LED lighting device 1 will be described.
The resistance ratio of the resistor R1, resistor R2, and resistor R3 of the resistor voltage dividing circuit 3 is set to, for example, R1 = R3 and R1: R2 = 4: 1, and the potential difference between refa and refb, which are both terminal voltages of the resistor R2, is DC. It is set to 1/9 times the voltage Vin of the power source 2. (This is an example, and other magnifications are optional.)
The refa line is connected to the emitter terminal of the NPN transistor Qa1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit 4 described above, and the base terminal of the NPN transistor Qa1 is connected to the potential v1 described above. The following bias voltage is applied between the emitter terminals.
Qa1 emitter terminal voltage = refa = 5/9 × Vin
Qa1 base terminal voltage = v1 = 1/2 × Vin
ベ ー ス Base-emitter voltage Vbe of Qa1
= V1-refa = (1 / 2-5 / 9) × Vin = −1 / 18Vin (1)
The emitter terminal of the PNP transistor Qb1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit 4 is connected to the refb line, and the base terminal of the PNP transistor Qb1 is connected to the potential v1. The following bias voltage is applied between the base and emitter terminals.
Qb1 emitter terminal voltage = refb = 4/9 × Vin
Qb1 base terminal voltage = v1 = 1/2 × Vin
ベ ー ス Qb1 base-emitter terminal voltage Vbe
= V1-refb = (1 / 2-4 / 9) × Vin = 1 / 18Vin (2)
Therefore, as can be seen from the equations (1) and (2), the reverse bias voltage 1 / 18Vin is applied to the base-emitter terminal voltage Vbe of the NPN transistor Qa1 and the PNP transistor Qb1 of the voltage detecting transistor circuit 4, respectively. ing.

ここで、LED点灯ブロックarm1の複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDa1の1個のLEDが故障して開放状態になったとする。LED直列体LEDa1が開放となることで、LED直列体LEDa1とLEDb1の接続点電位v1はGND電位方向に低下する。
このとき、上述した電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のPNPトランジスタQb1のエミッタ端子電圧は4/9×Vinのままで、PNPトランジスタQb1のベース端子電圧がGND電位にバイアスされるのでPNPトランジスタQb1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbeは(2)式の逆バイアス電圧から順バイアス電圧に切替る。従いPNPトランジスタQb1はオン状態になり、分圧抵抗回路3に流れる電流の一部を抵抗R7とツェナーダイオードZD1を介して次段のラッチ回路5のNPNトランジスタQ2のベース端子に流して、ラッチ回路5を駆動して、直流電源2を停止させる。
Here, it is assumed that one LED of the LED series body LEDa1 in which a plurality of LEDs of the LED lighting block arm1 are connected in series fails and is in an open state. When the LED series body LEDa1 is opened, the connection point potential v1 between the LED series bodies LEDa1 and LEDb1 decreases in the GND potential direction.
At this time, the emitter terminal voltage of the PNP transistor Qb1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit 4 remains 4/9 × Vin, and the base terminal voltage of the PNP transistor Qb1 is biased to the GND potential. The emitter terminal voltage Vbe is switched from the reverse bias voltage of the formula (2) to the forward bias voltage. Accordingly, the PNP transistor Qb1 is turned on, and a part of the current flowing through the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 is passed through the resistor R7 and the Zener diode ZD1 to the base terminal of the NPN transistor Q2 of the latch circuit 5 at the next stage, so that the latch circuit 5 is driven to stop the DC power supply 2.

また、LED点灯ブロックarm1の複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDa1の1個のLEDが故障して短絡状態になったとする。ここでLED1個のフォワード電圧が(1)式の1/18Vinを越える電圧となるように、分圧抵抗回路のR1〜R3の抵抗値は予め設定されているものとする。LED直列体LEDa1の1個のLEDが短絡となることで、LED直列体LEDa1とLEDb1の接続点電位v1は1個のLEDフォワード電圧分上昇する。
このとき、上述した電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のNPNトランジスタQa1のエミッタ端子電圧は4/9×Vinのままで、NPNトランジスタQa1のベース端子電圧が1個のLEDフォワード電圧分上昇するのでNPNトランジスタQa1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbeは(1)式の逆バイアス電圧から順バイアス電圧に切替る。従いNPNトランジスタQa1はオン状態になり、分圧抵抗回路3に流れる電流の一部を抵抗R6とツェナーダイオードZDを介して次段のラッチ回路5のPNPトランジスタQ3のベース端子から流し、ラッチ回路5を駆動して直流電源2を停止させる。
Further, it is assumed that one LED of the LED series body LEDa1 in which a plurality of LEDs of the LED lighting block arm1 are connected in series fails and is short-circuited. Here, it is assumed that the resistance values of R1 to R3 of the voltage dividing resistor circuit are set in advance so that the forward voltage of one LED is a voltage exceeding 1 / 18Vin of the equation (1). When one LED of the LED series body LEDa1 is short-circuited, the connection point potential v1 between the LED series body LEDa1 and LEDb1 is increased by one LED forward voltage.
At this time, the emitter terminal voltage of the NPN transistor Qa1 of the above-described voltage detection transistor circuit 4 remains 4/9 × Vin, and the base terminal voltage of the NPN transistor Qa1 rises by one LED forward voltage, so the NPN transistor Qa1 The base-emitter terminal voltage Vbe is switched from the reverse bias voltage of the equation (1) to the forward bias voltage. Accordingly, the NPN transistor Qa1 is turned on, and a part of the current flowing through the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 flows from the base terminal of the PNP transistor Q3 of the latch circuit 5 in the next stage through the resistor R6 and the Zener diode ZD. To stop the DC power supply 2.

また、LED点灯ブロックarm1の複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDb1の1個のLEDが故障して短絡状態になったとする。ここでLED1個のフォワード電圧が(2)式の1/18Vinを越える電圧となるように、分圧抵抗回路のR1〜R3の抵抗値は予め設定されているものとする。LED直列体LEDb1の1個のLEDが短絡となることで、LED直列体LEDa1とLEDb1の接続点電位v1はGND電位方向に1個のLEDフォワード電圧分低下する。
このとき、上述した電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のPNPトランジスタQb1のエミッタ端子電圧は4/9×Vinのままで、PNPトランジスタQb1のベース端子電圧が1個のLEDフォワード電圧分GND電位方向に低下するのでPNPトランジスタQb1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbeは(2)式の逆バイアス電圧から順バイアス電圧に切替る。従いPNPトランジスタQb1はオン状態になり、分圧抵抗回路3に流れる電流の一部を抵抗R7とツェナーダイオードZD1を介して次段のラッチ回路5のNPNトランジスタQ2のベース端子へ流し、ラッチ回路5を駆動して直流電源2を停止させる。
Further, it is assumed that one LED of the LED series body LEDb1 in which a plurality of LEDs of the LED lighting block arm1 are connected in series fails and is short-circuited. Here, it is assumed that the resistance values of R1 to R3 of the voltage dividing resistor circuit are set in advance so that the forward voltage of one LED is a voltage exceeding 1 / 18Vin of the equation (2). When one LED of the LED series body LEDb1 is short-circuited, the connection point potential v1 between the LED series bodies LEDa1 and LEDb1 is lowered by one LED forward voltage in the GND potential direction.
At this time, the emitter terminal voltage of the PNP transistor Qb1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit 4 described above remains 4/9 × Vin, and the base terminal voltage of the PNP transistor Qb1 decreases in the GND potential direction by one LED forward voltage. Therefore, the base-emitter voltage Vbe of the PNP transistor Qb1 is switched from the reverse bias voltage of the equation (2) to the forward bias voltage. Accordingly, the PNP transistor Qb1 is turned on, and a part of the current flowing in the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 is passed through the resistor R7 and the Zener diode ZD1 to the base terminal of the NPN transistor Q2 of the latch circuit 5 in the next stage. To stop the DC power supply 2.

また、LED点灯ブロックarm1の複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDb1の1個のLEDが故障して開放状態になったとする。LED直列体LEDb1が開放となることで、LED直列体LEDa1とLEDb1の接続点電位v1はVin電位方向に上昇する。
このとき、上述した電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のNPNトランジスタQa1のエミッタ端子電圧は4/9×Vinのままで、NPNトランジスタQa1のベース端子電圧がVin電位にバイアスされるのでNPNトランジスタQa1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbeは(1)式の逆バイアス電圧から順バイアス電圧に切替る。従いNPNトランジスタQa1はオン状態になり、分圧抵抗回路3に流れる電流の一部を抵抗R6とツェナーダイオードZD2を介して次段のラッチ回路5のPNPトランジスタQ3のベース端子から流して、ラッチ回路5を駆動して、直流電源2を停止させる。
Further, it is assumed that one LED of the LED series body LEDb1 in which a plurality of LEDs of the LED lighting block arm1 are connected in series fails and is in an open state. When the LED series body LEDb1 is opened, the connection point potential v1 between the LED series bodies LEDa1 and LEDb1 rises in the Vin potential direction.
At this time, the emitter terminal voltage of the NPN transistor Qa1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit 4 described above remains 4/9 × Vin, and the base terminal voltage of the NPN transistor Qa1 is biased to the Vin potential. The emitter terminal voltage Vbe is switched from the reverse bias voltage of the equation (1) to the forward bias voltage. Accordingly, the NPN transistor Qa1 is turned on, and a part of the current flowing through the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 is caused to flow from the base terminal of the PNP transistor Q3 of the latch circuit 5 in the next stage through the resistor R6 and the Zener diode ZD2. 5 is driven to stop the DC power supply 2.

以上、本実施形態によれば、LED点灯ブロックarm1の複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDa1の1個のLEDが開放又は短絡の故障をおこしても、確実にLED点灯ブロックarm1を消灯するという効果を奏する。
また、分圧抵抗回路の抵抗値を調整することで、LED直列体LEDa1に使用されるLEDのフォワード電圧に相当する電圧を簡単に設定できる。
また、本実施形態によれば、図1に示すようにLED点灯ブロックarm1以外にもLED点灯ブロックarm2〜armNを直流電源2出力Vin、GND及び、分圧抵抗回路のrefaライン、refbライン及び、ラッチ回路5のAaライン、Abラインへ同様に並列に接続することで、同様の保護機能を追加でき、安価に構成できる。
As described above, according to the present embodiment, even if one LED of the LED series body LEDa1 in which a plurality of LEDs of the LED lighting block arm1 are connected in series causes an open or short circuit failure, the LED lighting block arm1 is surely turned off. The effect of doing.
Moreover, the voltage equivalent to the forward voltage of LED used for LED serial body LEDa1 can be easily set by adjusting the resistance value of a voltage dividing resistor circuit.
Further, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, in addition to the LED lighting block arm1, the LED lighting blocks arm2 to armN are connected to the DC power supply 2 outputs Vin and GND, the refa line of the voltage dividing resistor circuit, the refb line, and By similarly connecting in parallel to the Aa line and Ab line of the latch circuit 5, a similar protection function can be added and the structure can be made at low cost.

図2は本発明の第2の実施形態に係るLED照明保護回路を含むLED照明装置を示す図で、本実施形態によるLED照明用保護回路は、実施例1で示した電圧検出用トランジスタ回路のみを変形したものである。
その他の構成は実施例1と同じであり、実施例1と実質的に同一の部分には同一の参照符号を付す。
また、各LED点灯ブロックarm1a〜armNaは同じ回路構成となっている。
これらLED点灯ブロックの電圧検出用トランジスタ回路は同様に動作するので、第1のLED点灯ブロックarm1aで代表して、LED照明装置1のLED照明用保護回路構成を説明する。
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an LED illumination device including an LED illumination protection circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The LED illumination protection circuit according to this embodiment is only the voltage detection transistor circuit shown in Example 1. Is a modified version.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to substantially the same parts as those of the first embodiment.
The LED lighting blocks arm1a to armNa have the same circuit configuration.
Since the voltage detection transistor circuits of these LED lighting blocks operate in the same manner, the configuration of the LED lighting protection circuit of the LED lighting device 1 will be described as a representative of the first LED lighting block arm1a.

第1のLED点灯ブロックarm1aは、複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDa1と、複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDb1が直列接続されている。
すなわち、直流電源2の正極電源ラインVinにLEDa1のアノード端子が接続され、LEDa1のカソード端子が次のLEDb1のアノード端子に接続され、LEDb1のカソード端子が直流電源2のGNDラインに接続されている。また、LEDa1のカソード端子と次のLEDb1のアノード端子の接続点に、PNPトランジスタQc1のエミッタ端子と、NPNトランジスタQd1のエミッタ端子が接続され、PNPトランジスタQc1のベース端子は抵抗分圧回路3のrefaラインに接続され、また、NPNトランジスタQa1のベース端子は抵抗分圧回路3のrefbラインに接続され、電圧検出用トランジスタ回路41aを構成している。PNPトランジスタQc1のコレクタ端子は、ラッチ回路5のAbラインに接続され、NPNトランジスタQd1のコレクタ端子は、ラッチ回路5のAaラインに接続されている。
In the first LED lighting block arm1a, an LED series body LEDa1 in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series and an LED series body LEDb1 in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series are connected in series.
That is, the anode terminal of LEDa1 is connected to the positive power supply line Vin of the DC power supply 2, the cathode terminal of LEDa1 is connected to the anode terminal of the next LEDb1, and the cathode terminal of LEDb1 is connected to the GND line of the DC power supply 2. . Further, the emitter terminal of the PNP transistor Qc1 and the emitter terminal of the NPN transistor Qd1 are connected to the connection point between the cathode terminal of the LEDa1 and the anode terminal of the next LEDb1, and the base terminal of the PNP transistor Qc1 is the refa of the resistance voltage dividing circuit 3. The base terminal of the NPN transistor Qa1 is connected to the refb line of the resistance voltage dividing circuit 3, and constitutes a voltage detection transistor circuit 41a. The collector terminal of the PNP transistor Qc1 is connected to the Ab line of the latch circuit 5, and the collector terminal of the NPN transistor Qd1 is connected to the Aa line of the latch circuit 5.

第2の実施形態において、LED照明装置1の分圧抵抗回路3及び電圧検出用トランジスタ回路41aの動作を説明する。但し、分圧抵抗回路3の機能は実施例1と同様である。
ここで、LED点灯ブロックarm1aの複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDa1の1個のLEDが故障して開放状態になったとする。LED直列体LEDa1が開放となることで、LED直列体LEDa1とLEDb1の接続点電位v1はGND電位方向に低下する。
このとき、上述した電圧検出用トランジスタ回路41aのNPNトランジスタQd1のベース端子電圧は4/9×Vinのままで、NPNトランジスタQd1のエミッタ端子電圧がGND電位方向にバイアスされるのでNPNトランジスタQd1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbeは(1)式の逆バイアス電圧から順バイアス電圧に切替る。従いNPNトランジスタQd1はオン状態になり、分圧抵抗回路3に流れる電流の一部を抵抗R6とツェナーダイオードZD2を介して次段のラッチ回路5のPNPトランジスタQ3のベース端子に流して、ラッチ回路5を駆動して、直流電源2を停止させる。
In the second embodiment, operations of the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 and the voltage detection transistor circuit 41a of the LED lighting device 1 will be described. However, the function of the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
Here, it is assumed that one LED of the LED series body LEDa1 in which a plurality of LEDs of the LED lighting block arm1a are connected in series fails and is in an open state. When the LED series body LEDa1 is opened, the connection point potential v1 between the LED series bodies LEDa1 and LEDb1 decreases in the GND potential direction.
At this time, the base terminal voltage of the NPN transistor Qd1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit 41a described above remains 4/9 × Vin, and the emitter terminal voltage of the NPN transistor Qd1 is biased in the GND potential direction, so the base of the NPN transistor Qd1 The emitter terminal voltage Vbe is switched from the reverse bias voltage of the equation (1) to the forward bias voltage. Accordingly, the NPN transistor Qd1 is turned on, and a part of the current flowing through the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 is passed through the resistor R6 and the Zener diode ZD2 to the base terminal of the PNP transistor Q3 of the latch circuit 5 in the next stage, thereby 5 is driven to stop the DC power supply 2.

また、LED点灯ブロックarm1aの複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDa1の1個のLEDが故障して短絡状態になったとする。ここでLED1個のフォワード電圧は、(2)式の1/18Vinを越える電圧となるように、分圧抵抗回路のR1〜R3の抵抗値が予め設定されているものとする。LED直列体LEDa1の1個のLEDが短絡となることで、LED直列体LEDa1とLEDb1の接続点電位v1はVin電位方向に1個のLEDフォワード電圧分上昇する。
このとき、上述した電圧検出用トランジスタ回路41aのPNPトランジスタQc1のベース端子電圧は4/9×Vinのままで、PNPトランジスタQc1のエミッタ端子電圧が1個のLEDフォワード電圧分上昇するのでPNPトランジスタQc1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbeは(2)式の逆バイアス電圧から順バイアス電圧に切替る。従いPNPトランジスタQc1はオン状態になり、分圧抵抗回路3に流れる電流の一部を抵抗R7とツェナーダイオードZD1を介して次段のラッチ回路5のNPNトランジスタQ2のベース端子に流し、ラッチ回路5を駆動して直流電源2を停止させる。
Further, it is assumed that one LED of the LED series body LEDa1 in which a plurality of LEDs of the LED lighting block arm1a are connected in series fails and is short-circuited. Here, it is assumed that the resistance value of R1 to R3 of the voltage dividing resistor circuit is set in advance so that the forward voltage of one LED is a voltage exceeding 1 / 18Vin of the equation (2). When one LED of the LED series body LEDa1 is short-circuited, the connection point potential v1 between the LED series body LEDa1 and LEDb1 rises by one LED forward voltage in the Vin potential direction.
At this time, the base terminal voltage of the PNP transistor Qc1 of the above-described voltage detection transistor circuit 41a remains 4/9 × Vin, and the emitter terminal voltage of the PNP transistor Qc1 increases by one LED forward voltage, so the PNP transistor Qc1 The base-emitter terminal voltage Vbe is switched from the reverse bias voltage of formula (2) to the forward bias voltage. Accordingly, the PNP transistor Qc1 is turned on, and a part of the current flowing through the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 is passed through the resistor R7 and the Zener diode ZD1 to the base terminal of the NPN transistor Q2 of the latch circuit 5 at the next stage. To stop the DC power supply 2.

また、LED点灯ブロックarm1aの複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDb1aの1個のLEDが故障して短絡状態になったとする。ここでLED1個のフォワード電圧は、(2)式の1/18Vinを越える電圧となるように、分圧抵抗回路のR1〜R3の抵抗値が予め設定されているものとする。LED直列体LEDb1の1個のLEDが短絡となることで、LED直列体LEDa1とLEDb1の接続点電位v1はGND電位方向にLED1個のフォワード電圧分低下する。
このとき、上述した電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のNPNトランジスタQd1のベース端子電圧は4/9×Vinのままで、NPNトランジスタQb1のエミッタ端子電圧が1個のLEDフォワード電圧分GND電位方向に低下するのでNPNトランジスタQd1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbeは(1)式の逆バイアス電圧から順バイアス電圧に切替る。従いNPNトランジスタQd1はオン状態になり、分圧抵抗回路3に流れる電流の一部を抵抗R6とツェナーダイオードZD2を介して次段のラッチ回路5のPNPトランジスタQ3のベース端子から流し、ラッチ回路5を駆動して直流電源2を停止させる。
Further, it is assumed that one LED of the LED series body LEDb1a in which a plurality of LEDs of the LED lighting block arm1a are connected in series fails and is short-circuited. Here, it is assumed that the resistance value of R1 to R3 of the voltage dividing resistor circuit is set in advance so that the forward voltage of one LED is a voltage exceeding 1 / 18Vin of the equation (2). When one LED of the LED series body LEDb1 is short-circuited, the connection point potential v1 between the LED series body LEDa1 and LEDb1 decreases in the GND potential direction by the forward voltage of one LED.
At this time, the base terminal voltage of the NPN transistor Qd1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit 4 described above remains 4/9 × Vin, and the emitter terminal voltage of the NPN transistor Qb1 decreases in the GND potential direction by one LED forward voltage. Therefore, the base-emitter voltage Vbe of the NPN transistor Qd1 is switched from the reverse bias voltage of the equation (1) to the forward bias voltage. Accordingly, the NPN transistor Qd1 is turned on, and a part of the current flowing through the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 is passed from the base terminal of the PNP transistor Q3 of the latch circuit 5 in the next stage through the resistor R6 and the Zener diode ZD2. To stop the DC power supply 2.

また、LED点灯ブロックarm1aの複数のLEDが直列接続されたLED直列体LEDb1の1個のLEDが故障して開放状態になったとする。LED直列体LEDb1が開放となることで、LED直列体LEDa1とLEDb1の接続点電位v1はVin電位方向に上昇する。
このとき、上述した電圧検出用トランジスタ回路4のPNPトランジスタQc1のベース端子電圧は4/9×Vinのままで、PNPトランジスタQc1のエミッタ端子電圧がVin電位にバイアスされるのでPNPトランジスタQc1のベース〜エミッタ端子間電圧Vbeは(2)式の逆バイアス電圧から順バイアス電圧に切替る。従いPNPトランジスタQc1はオン状態になり、分圧抵抗回路3に流れる電流の一部を抵抗R7とツェナーダイオードZD1を介して次段のラッチ回路5のNPNトランジスタQ2のベース端子に流して、ラッチ回路5を駆動して、直流電源2を停止させる。
Further, it is assumed that one LED of the LED series body LEDb1 in which a plurality of LEDs of the LED lighting block arm1a are connected in series fails and is in an open state. When the LED series body LEDb1 is opened, the connection point potential v1 between the LED series bodies LEDa1 and LEDb1 rises in the Vin potential direction.
At this time, the base terminal voltage of the PNP transistor Qc1 of the voltage detection transistor circuit 4 described above remains 4/9 × Vin, and the emitter terminal voltage of the PNP transistor Qc1 is biased to the Vin potential. The emitter terminal voltage Vbe is switched from the reverse bias voltage of the formula (2) to the forward bias voltage. Accordingly, the PNP transistor Qc1 is turned on, and a part of the current flowing through the voltage dividing resistor circuit 3 is passed through the resistor R7 and the Zener diode ZD1 to the base terminal of the NPN transistor Q2 of the latch circuit 5 in the next stage, thereby 5 is driven to stop the DC power supply 2.

以上の実施形態で、本発明を具体的に説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されないことは勿論である。
図3は本発明の第1の実施形態に係るLED照明保護回路を含むLED照明装置の変形例を示す図である。
図3は、実施例1で示したフォトカプラによる直流電源2のラッチ手段の代わりに、ラッチ回路5にスイッチ素子を追加してLED異常時のラッチ保護をLED照明装置単独で行う構成を示したものである。
フォトカプラPC1の代わりに、電界効果トランジスタQ1、抵抗R4、R5、ダイオードD1を追加して、LEDの異常を検出時に電界効果トランジスタQ1で複数のLED点灯ブロックarm1〜armNの接続を遮断する。
Although the present invention has been specifically described in the above embodiment, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a modification of the LED lighting device including the LED lighting protection circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a configuration in which a switch element is added to the latch circuit 5 in place of the photocoupler latching means using the photocoupler shown in the first embodiment, and latch protection in the event of LED abnormality is performed by the LED lighting device alone. Is.
A field effect transistor Q1, resistors R4 and R5, and a diode D1 are added in place of the photocoupler PC1, and the connection of the plurality of LED lighting blocks arm1 to armN is blocked by the field effect transistor Q1 when an abnormality of the LED is detected.

1、1a、1b・・・LED照明装置
2・・・直流電源
3・・・抵抗分割回路
41〜4N、41a〜41N・・・電圧検出用トランジスタ回路
5、5a、5b・・・ラッチ回路
R1〜R11、Ra1〜RaN、Rb1〜RbN・・抵抗
LEDa1〜LEDaN、LEDb1〜LEDbN・・・LED(LED直列体)
Qa1〜QaN、Qd1〜QdN、Q2・・・NPNバイポーラトランジスタ
Qb1〜QbN、Qc1〜QcN、Q3・・・PNPバイポーラトランジスタ
ZD1、ZD2・・・ツェナーダイオード
C1、C2・・・コンデンサ
PC1・・・フォトカプラ
Q1・・・電界効果トランジスタ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b ... LED lighting apparatus 2 ... DC power supply 3 ... Resistance division circuit 41-4N, 41a-41N ... Voltage detection transistor circuit 5, 5a, 5b ... Latch circuit R1 ~ R11, Ra1 ~ RaN, Rb1 ~ RbN ・ ・ Resistance LEDa1 ~ LEDaN, LEDb1 ~ LEDbN ... LED (LED series body)
Qa1 to QaN, Qd1 to QdN, Q2... NPN bipolar transistors Qb1 to QbN, Qc1 to QcN, Q3... PNP bipolar transistors ZD1, ZD2. Coupler Q1 Field effect transistor

Claims (5)

LEDが順方向に複数個直列に接続され、且つ、アノード側が正電源ラインに接続されると共にカソード側が負電源ラインに接続されたLED直列体において、
前記複数個のLEDが直列に接続された中点の電圧が、
前記電源電圧の中点電圧から、予め設定された所定の電圧幅以上に変動したことを検出して、
前記複数のLEDの異常を判断することを備えたことを特徴とするLED照明用保護回路。
In the LED series body in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series in the forward direction, and the anode side is connected to the positive power supply line and the cathode side is connected to the negative power supply line,
The voltage at the midpoint where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series is
From the midpoint voltage of the power supply voltage, it is detected that it has fluctuated over a predetermined voltage width set in advance,
An LED illumination protection circuit comprising determining an abnormality of the plurality of LEDs.
前記電源の中点電圧は、複数の抵抗を直列接続した抵抗分圧回路を正負電源ラインに接続し、
前記抵抗分圧回路の第1の中点電圧に第1のNPNトランジスタのエミッタ端子を接続し、
エミッタ端子電位を第1の一方の検出対象とし、
前記第1のNPNトランジスタのベース端子を前記複数個のLEDが直列接続された中点に接続し、前記NPNトランジスタのベース端子電位を第1の他方の検出対象とし、
前記抵抗分圧回路の第2の中点電圧に第2のPNPトランジスタのエミッタ端子を接続し、エミッタ端子電位を第1の一方の検出対象とし、
前記第2のPNPトランジスタのベース端子を前記複数個のLEDが直列接続された中点に接続し、前記PNPトランジスタのベース端子電位を第2の他方の検出対象とし、
前記第1の中点電圧が前記第2の中点電圧よりも高く設定され、
前記複数個のLEDが直列に接続された中点の電圧が、前記第1の中点電圧又は前記第2の中点電圧より変動した時に、前記第1又は第2のトランジスタが導通することで、前記複数のLEDの異常を検出することを特徴とする請求項1記戴のLED照明用保護回路。
The midpoint voltage of the power supply is connected to a positive / negative power supply line by a resistance voltage dividing circuit in which a plurality of resistors are connected in series.
Connecting the emitter terminal of the first NPN transistor to the first midpoint voltage of the resistive voltage divider;
The emitter terminal potential is set as the first detection target,
The base terminal of the first NPN transistor is connected to a midpoint where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series, and the base terminal potential of the NPN transistor is set as the first other detection target,
An emitter terminal of a second PNP transistor is connected to a second midpoint voltage of the resistance voltage dividing circuit, and the emitter terminal potential is set as a first detection object;
The base terminal of the second PNP transistor is connected to the midpoint where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series, and the base terminal potential of the PNP transistor is set as the second other detection target,
The first midpoint voltage is set higher than the second midpoint voltage;
When the voltage at the midpoint where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series fluctuates from the first midpoint voltage or the second midpoint voltage, the first or second transistor becomes conductive. 2. The LED illumination protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein an abnormality of the plurality of LEDs is detected.
前記抵抗分圧回路に流れる電流の一部を次段の駆動電流に兼用することを特徴とする請求項2記戴のLED照明用保護回路。   3. The LED lighting protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein a part of the current flowing through the resistance voltage dividing circuit is also used as a driving current for the next stage. LEDが順方向に複数個直列に接続され、且つ、アノード側が正電源ラインに接続されると共にカソード側が負電源ラインに接続されたLED直列体において、
前記LED直列体が複数並列接続され基板に搭載されていて、
ある一列のLED直列体の異常によって、全てのLED直列体を消灯させることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3記戴のLED照明保護回路。
In the LED series body in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series in the forward direction, and the anode side is connected to the positive power supply line and the cathode side is connected to the negative power supply line,
A plurality of the LED series bodies are connected in parallel and mounted on the substrate,
4. The LED lighting protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein all LED series bodies are extinguished due to an abnormality in a line of LED series bodies.
前記電源の中点電圧は、複数の抵抗を直列接続した抵抗分圧回路を正負電源ラインに接続し、
前記抵抗分圧回路の第1の中点電圧に第1のPNPトランジスタのベース端子を接続し、ベース端子電位を第1の一方の検出対象とし、
前記第1のPNPトランジスタのエミッタ端子を前記複数個のLEDが直列接続された中点に接続し、前記PNPトランジスタのエミッタ端子電位を第1の他方の検出対象とし、
前記抵抗分圧回路の第2の中点電圧に第2のNPNトランジスタのベース端子を接続し、ベース端子電位を第1の一方の検出対象とし、
前記第2のNPNトランジスタのエミッタ端子を前記複数個のLEDが直列接続された中点に接続し、前記NPNトランジスタのエミッタ端子電位を第2の他方の検出対象とし、
前記第1の中点電圧が前記第2の中点電圧よりも高く設定され、
前記複数個のLEDが直列に接続された中点の電圧が、前記第1の中点電圧又は前記第2の中点電圧より変動した時に、前記第1又は第2のトランジスタが導通することで、前記複数のLEDの異常を検出することを特徴とする請求項1記戴のLED照明用保護回路。
The midpoint voltage of the power supply is connected to a positive / negative power supply line by a resistance voltage dividing circuit in which a plurality of resistors are connected in series.
The base terminal of the first PNP transistor is connected to the first midpoint voltage of the resistance voltage dividing circuit, and the base terminal potential is set as the first one of detection objects,
The emitter terminal of the first PNP transistor is connected to a midpoint where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series, and the emitter terminal potential of the PNP transistor is set as the first other detection target,
The base terminal of the second NPN transistor is connected to the second midpoint voltage of the resistance voltage dividing circuit, and the base terminal potential is set as the first one of detection objects,
The emitter terminal of the second NPN transistor is connected to a midpoint where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series, and the emitter terminal potential of the NPN transistor is set as the second other detection target,
The first midpoint voltage is set higher than the second midpoint voltage;
When the voltage at the midpoint where the plurality of LEDs are connected in series fluctuates from the first midpoint voltage or the second midpoint voltage, the first or second transistor becomes conductive. 2. The LED illumination protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein an abnormality of the plurality of LEDs is detected.
JP2009125995A 2009-05-26 2009-05-26 LED lighting protection circuit Pending JP2010278039A (en)

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JP2013134844A (en) * 2011-12-26 2013-07-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Light source lighting device and luminaire
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JP2013134844A (en) * 2011-12-26 2013-07-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Light source lighting device and luminaire
CN103200726A (en) * 2012-01-05 2013-07-10 欧司朗股份有限公司 Power supply circuit of control circuit of light-emitting diode (LED) lighting device and LED lighting device
WO2013102549A1 (en) * 2012-01-05 2013-07-11 Osram Gmbh Power supply circuit for control circuit of led lighting and led lighting
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JPWO2018235127A1 (en) * 2017-06-19 2019-11-07 三菱電機株式会社 In-vehicle lighting system
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DE102018122067A1 (en) * 2018-09-11 2020-03-12 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA LED lighting device with fault detection and motor vehicle
WO2020053012A1 (en) * 2018-09-11 2020-03-19 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Led lighting device with fault detection, and motor vehicle
CN112703822A (en) * 2018-09-11 2021-04-23 海拉有限双合股份公司 LED lighting device with fault detection and motor vehicle
US11676428B2 (en) * 2018-09-11 2023-06-13 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA LED lighting device with fault detection, and motor vehicle
CN117641662A (en) * 2024-01-25 2024-03-01 中国石油大学(华东) an automatic control device
CN117641662B (en) * 2024-01-25 2024-04-26 中国石油大学(华东) Automatic control equipment

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