JP2008168386A - Rotating tool - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a rotary tool capable of efficiently supplying a coolant to a cutting edge and having little manufacturing effort.
A drill 1 is a rotary tool of a type in which a water supply path 9 for introducing grinding water supplied to a cutting edge 3a is provided in the center of a shank 5 along a rotation axis A. The drill 1 is provided on the outer periphery of the shank 5 and guides 25 for guiding the grinding water to flow toward the cutting edge 3a. The drill 1 is provided in the shank 5 and communicates the water supply passage 9 and the guide 25. And a communication channel 13.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotary tool of a type in which a coolant supply path for introducing coolant supplied to a blade edge is provided at the center of a shank along a rotation axis.

Conventionally, an electric drill described in Patent Document 1 and a drill described in Patent Document 2 are known as rotary tools for supplying a coolant to a blade edge. In these drills, a water supply channel for supplying water to the cutting edge extends along the rotation axis of the drill and passes through the center of the drill body. And the water supplied through this water supply channel is ejected from the jet nozzle formed in the vicinity of the blade edge, and functions as a coolant. Moreover, as another system for supplying coolant, a grinding apparatus described in Patent Document 3 below is known. In this grinding apparatus, a spray nozzle for spraying a grinding liquid toward a contact portion between a tool and a workpiece is provided on the side of the tool.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-240552 JP 2006-510494 A JP-A-9-309050 JP-A-11-165313

  However, if a water supply channel that processes the drill body and penetrates to the vicinity of the cutting edge as in the drills of Patent Documents 1 and 2, it takes time for processing and leads to an increase in cost. In particular, in the drill of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to form a jet port extending laterally in the vicinity of the cutting edge, which is troublesome. Moreover, in such a drill, since the water outlet comes into contact with the workpiece processing point, chips are likely to be clogged in the outlet and the coolant may not be supplied efficiently. Moreover, in the system using the spray nozzle shown in Patent Document 3, the supply efficiency of the coolant to the cutting edge is not sufficient.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary tool that can efficiently supply a coolant to a cutting edge and requires less labor for manufacturing.

  The rotary tool according to the present invention is a rotary tool in which a refrigerant supply path for introducing a refrigerant supplied to the blade edge is provided at the center of the shank along the rotation axis, and is provided on the outer periphery of the shank, with the refrigerant directed toward the blade edge. It is provided with the guide part which guides so that it may be made to flow, and the communication flow path provided in the shank and connecting the refrigerant supply path and the guide part.

  In this rotary tool, the refrigerant is introduced through the refrigerant supply path, and then guided to the guide portion provided on the outer periphery of the shank through the communication channel in the shank. Thereafter, the refrigerant is guided by the guide portion and flows from the outer periphery of the shank toward the cutting edge, and the refrigerant is efficiently supplied to the cutting edge. In addition, since the coolant is supplied to the cutting edge via the periphery of the shank, there is no need to penetrate the coolant flow path between the shank and the cutting edge, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the labor of manufacturing this rotary tool. Can do.

  In addition, as a specific configuration of the guide portion that exhibits the above-described action, a tubular portion that covers the communication channel and surrounds the shank, and a refrigerant that flows between the tubular portion and the shank is disposed on the blade edge side. The structure which has a jet nozzle which ejects is mentioned. According to such a guide part, the refrigerant | coolant which passed the communicating flow path flows between a cylindrical part and a shank, is injected from a jet nozzle, and is supplied to a blade edge | tip.

  Moreover, the spout of a guide part may surround a shank and may extend over the perimeter. According to this configuration, the refrigerant is efficiently supplied to the entire circumference of the blade edge.

  A plurality of jet outlets of the guide may be arranged around the shank. According to this configuration, since the pressure of the refrigerant jet can be increased, diffusion of the jetted refrigerant due to the centrifugal force is suppressed during rotation of the rotary tool, and the refrigerant is efficiently supplied to the cutting edge.

  Moreover, the rotary tool which concerns on this invention may use a coolant or air as a refrigerant | coolant. When the rotary tool is used, the cutting edge is cooled by such a refrigerant and the chips are washed away.

  According to the rotary tool of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently supply the coolant to the cutting edge, and the labor for manufacturing can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a rotary tool according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, the same or equivalent components are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and the description thereof is omitted.

(First embodiment)
A drill 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a rotary grinding tool used by being attached to a drilling machine 21. The drill 1 rotates about a rotation axis A, and a workpiece is ground and drilled by a cutting edge 3a having a slit formed at the center.

  The drill 1 includes a blade portion 3 made of a diamond sintered body and formed with the blade edge 3a, and a metal shank 5 that holds the blade portion 3. A holding portion 5 a that holds the blade portion 3 is formed at the tip of the shank 5. The blade portion 3 is fixed to the shank 5 using a screw (not shown) and an adhesive 7 in a state where the base end side is inserted into the slit of the holding portion 5a. A water supply path (refrigerant supply path) 9 for introducing grinding water (coolant, refrigerant) supplied from the drilling machine 21 is formed along the rotation axis A at the center of the shank 5. The water supply passage 9 extends from the base end 5b of the shank 5 to a position where it does not reach the holding portion 5a.

  Further, in the shank 5, four communication channels 13 arranged in a cross shape in a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis A are formed at the tip of the water supply channel 9. Each of these communication flow paths 13 is connected perpendicularly to the water supply path 9 and penetrates to the outer peripheral surface 5 c of the shank 5. With such a configuration, the grinding water introduced from the water supply channel 9 is guided to the outside of the outer peripheral surface 5 c via the communication channel 13.

  Further, the shank 5 is formed with a flange portion 5d that protrudes outward from the outer peripheral surface 5c at a position closer to the base end 5b than the communication channel 13. And the metal skirt part (tubular part) 17 surrounding the outer peripheral surface 5c is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the collar part 5d so that it may cover the said communication flow path 13 and it may extend to the blade edge | tip 3a side. The skirt portion 17 has a cylindrical shape centered on the rotation axis A, and extends to the position of the tip of the holding portion 5a with a gap between the skirt portion 17 and the outer peripheral surface 5a of the shank 5. With this configuration, a grinding water flow space R opened to the cutting edge 3 a side is formed between the skirt portion 17 and the outer peripheral surface 5 c of the shank 5. The grinding water flow space R and the water supply channel 9 are communicated with each other by the communication channel 13.

  Such a drill 1 is applied to a drilling machine 21 of a type that supplies coolant from the inside of the shank along the rotation axis of the tool, and is attached so that the base end 5b side of the shank 5 is held by the chuck 21a of the drilling machine 21. It is done. The drill 1 rotates about the rotation axis A in a state where the cutting edge 3a side is directed downward and the rotation axis A is aligned with the vertical direction. During this rotation, grinding water is supplied from the drilling machine 21 to the water supply passage 9.

  The grinding water supplied to the drill 1 from the drilling machine 21 flows downward to the lower end of the water supply passage 9 in the shank 5 and then is guided to the grinding water flow space R outside the outer peripheral surface 5 a through the communication passage 13. . Thereafter, the grinding water is guided downward by the skirt portion 17 and ejected downward from the opening 19. Then, the grinding water flows downward along the outer peripheral surface 3b of the blade part 3 continuous with the outer peripheral surface 5c of the shank 5, and is supplied to the cutting edge 3a. As described above, the skirt portion 17 and the grinding water flow space R provided around the shank 5 constitute a guide portion 25 that guides the grinding water to flow toward the cutting edge 3a. In addition, the opening 19 formed between the lower end of the skirt portion 17 and the shank 5 extends over the entire circumference so as to surround the shank 5, and sprays grinding water toward the cutting edge 3 a. Configure the exit.

  Thus, in the drill 1, the guide part 25 which sends grinding water to the blade edge | tip 3a is provided in the outer periphery of the shank 5, and the opening 19 which ejects grinding water is located in the circumference | surroundings of the blade part 3 away from the blade edge | tip 3a. Therefore, the workpiece chips are hardly clogged in the opening 19, and the grinding water can be efficiently supplied to the cutting edge 3a. Moreover, since the opening 19 is extended over the perimeter so that the shank 5 and the blade part 3 may be enclosed, grinding water is sprayed to the blade edge 3a side over the whole circumference, and the whole circumference of the blade edge 3a is injected. Grinding water is supplied efficiently. Moreover, since the grinding water sent out from the guide part 25 flows along the outer peripheral surface 5c of the shank 5 and the outer peripheral surface 3b of the blade part 3, the grinding water efficiently reaches the cutting edge 3a. As a result, the contact point between the cutting edge 3a serving as a heat generation source and the work is efficiently cooled, and the work chips are efficiently discharged from the formed holes.

  Further, since the grinding water is made to flow along the outer peripheral surface 3b of the blade portion 3, there is no need to process the inside of the high hardness blade portion 3 made of a diamond fired body to form a grinding water flow path. As a result, the labor for manufacturing the drill 1 can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, as described above, the drill 1 can be used for a general-purpose drilling machine that supplies grinding water from the inside of the shank along the rotation axis of the tool.

  For example, by changing the shape of the blade portion 33 as in the drill 31 shown in FIG. 4 or by changing the shapes of the blade portion 43 and the skirt portion 45 as in the drill 41 shown in FIG. The flow of the grinding water flowing from the guide portions 32 and 42 toward the blade edge 3a can be changed as appropriate. As a result, the position where the grinding water is supplied is adjusted, for example, the grinding point of the workpiece is cooled intensively, the periphery of the grinding point of the workpiece is cooled, or the blade portion is cooled at a position away from the cutting edge. You can do it.

(Second Embodiment)
A guide portion 52 of the drill 51 shown in FIG. 6 includes an enveloping portion 53 that encloses the grinding water flow space R instead of the skirt portion 17 in the drill 1 described above. The surrounding portion 53 has a cylindrical portion 53 a and an annular lid portion 53 b that connects the cylindrical portion 53 a and the shank 5 at the tip of the shank 5. In the lid portion 53b, six jet ports 53c for ejecting the grinding water flowing in the grinding water flow space R toward the blade edge 3a are formed at equal intervals on the circumference. According to such a configuration, since the pressure of the ejection of the grinding water from the guide portion 52 can be increased, diffusion due to the centrifugal force of the grinding water is suppressed during the rotation of the drill 51, and the cutting edge 3a is efficiently ground. Water is supplied. In addition, since the diffusion of the grinding water is effectively suppressed, the size of the guide portion 52 can be reduced in the direction of the rotation axis A. Here, the number of the ejection holes 53c is not particularly limited, and for example, as shown in FIG. 6C, an enclosure part 54 in which two ejection holes 53c are formed in the lid part 54b may be used.

(Third embodiment)
In the drill 61 shown in FIG. 7, an inclined ejection hole 63 c is formed in the lid part 63 b of the surrounding part 63 instead of the ejection hole 53 c in the drill 51 described above. This inclined ejection hole 63c penetrates obliquely with respect to the lid portion 63b, and can eject grinding water obliquely forward or obliquely rearward with respect to the rotation direction of the drill 61. Note that the number of the inclined ejection holes 63c formed in the lid portion 63b is not particularly limited. According to such a configuration, since the grinding water ejected obliquely from the inclined ejection holes 63c draws a spiral trajectory, diffusion due to the centrifugal force of the grinding water is further suppressed during rotation of the drill 61, and the cutting edge 3a The grinding water is supplied more efficiently. Further, since the diffusion of the grinding water is effectively suppressed, the size of the guide portion 52 can be reduced in the direction of the rotation axis A.

(Fourth embodiment)
A drill 71 shown in FIG. 8 includes a chamfering polishing portion 73 provided around the blade portion 3 in addition to the drill 1 described above. The polishing portion 73 has a polishing surface 73a having a shape of a side surface of a truncated cone centering on the rotation axis A. In the drill 71, a hole is formed in the workpiece by the cutting edge 3a, and the polishing surface 73a is pressed against the peripheral portion of the formed hole to chamfer the peripheral portion of the hole. Also in the drill 71 having such a polishing portion 73, the same effects as the drill 1 can be obtained by providing the guide portion 25 and the communication channel 13. Similarly to the drill 1, also in the drill 71, the skirt portion 17 may be replaced with the surrounding portions 53, 54, or 63 (see FIGS. 9A to 9C).

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, the coolant supplied to the blade edge 3a is not limited to water but may be oil. The refrigerant is not limited to the coolant (liquid), and air may be used. In addition, when using air, it is necessary to narrow the flow path through which a refrigerant | coolant passes compared with the case where a liquid is used. That is, it is necessary to narrow the refrigerant supply path, the communication flow path, and the ejection port, and to narrow the gap between the cylindrical portion and the outer peripheral surface of the shank. The present invention can be applied to both cutting tools and grinding tools, and specific examples of the rotary tool to which the present invention is applied include a drill, an end mill, and a reamer. Moreover, you may employ | adopt combining suitably each structure of each drill 1,31,41,51,61,71 in the above-mentioned 1st-4th embodiment.

It is a perspective view which shows the drill which concerns on 1st Embodiment of the rotary tool of this invention. It is a partially broken perspective view of the drill shown in FIG. (A) is sectional drawing of the drill shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a bottom view of the drill, (c) is sectional drawing along the III-III line shown to (a). . The It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the drill shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other modification of the drill shown in FIG. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the drill which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of the rotary tool of this invention, (b) is a bottom view of the drill, (c) is a bottom view of the modification of the drill. It is. (A) is a bottom view which shows the drill which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of the rotary tool of this invention, (b) is sectional drawing along the VII-VII line shown to (a). (A) is sectional drawing which shows the drill which concerns on 4th Embodiment of the rotary tool of this invention, (b) is a bottom view of the drill. (A), (b), (c) is a bottom view which shows each modification of the drill of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,31,41,51,61,71 ... Drill (rotary tool), 3a ... Cutting edge, 5 ... Shank, 9 ... Water supply path (refrigerant supply path), 13 ... Communication flow path, 17, 45 ... Skirt part (cylinder) ), 19 ... opening (jet outlet), 25, 32, 42, 52 ... guide part, 53a ... cylindrical part (cylindrical part), 53c ... jet hole (jet port), 63c ... inclined jet hole (jet port) ), A ... rotation axis, R ... grinding water flow space.

Claims (5)

In the rotary tool in which the refrigerant supply path for introducing the refrigerant supplied to the blade edge is provided at the center of the shank along the rotation axis,
A guide portion provided on an outer periphery of the shank and guiding the refrigerant to flow toward the blade edge;
A rotary tool provided in the shank and provided with a communication channel for communicating the refrigerant supply channel and the guide part. The guide part is
A cylindrical portion provided to cover the communication channel and surround the shank;
The rotary tool according to claim 1, further comprising: a jet outlet that jets the refrigerant flowing between the cylindrical portion and the shank to the blade edge side. The spout of the guide is
The rotary tool according to claim 2, wherein the rotary tool surrounds the shank and extends over the entire circumference. The spout of the guide is
The rotary tool according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the tools are arranged around the shank.   The coolant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein coolant or air is used as the refrigerant.

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