JP2008151694A - Contaminated environment predicting device in depression, method for predicting contaminated environment in depression, and program for executing the prediction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a polluted environment predicting apparatus capable of calculating the concentration distribution of pollutants in a recessed area in a short calculation time, a contaminated environment predicting method in a recessed area, and a program for executing the predicting method. It is in.
[Solution]
In the present invention, the terrain data 51 representing the analysis target area including the depression is divided into the basic mesh (I, J) and the detailed mesh (i, j), and each detailed mesh (i, j) is the depression of the depression. Geographic information creation means 10 for determining whether it is inside or outside, generation amount calculation means 20 for calculating the generation amount e (i, j, t) for each detailed mesh (i, j), and analysis from the tank Release amount calculation means 30 for calculating a movement amount P _e (t + Δt) to the target region and calculating a generation amount E (I, J, t + 1) for each basic mesh (I, J) from the movement amount P _e (t + Δt). And advection diffusion calculating means 40 for calculating the concentration C _i for each basic mesh (I, J) based on the generated amount E (I, J, t + 1).
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a contaminated environment predicting apparatus for predicting a concentration distribution of contaminants in a recessed area, a contaminated environment predicting method for a recessed area, and a program for executing the predicting method.

  Conventionally, in environmental concentration situation prediction simulations such as the concentration distribution of air pollutants, a prediction model (meteorological model) of the air current itself is obtained from weather conditions such as wind direction, wind speed, stability classification index, mixed layer altitude, and the plume, puff and By applying a model (diffusion model) that predicts the behavior of pollutants such as diffusion formulas, the advection and diffusion status of air pollutants is analyzed. When simulating wide-area pollution over the range of 100 km to 200 km, grasp the wide-area source discharge conditions, and unsteadiness and non-uniformity of diffusion conditions including meteorological conditions such as “residence” Need to be taken into account. In order to analyze a wide-area weather model, a method of predicting from a plurality of meteorological observation data in an analysis target region or a method of predicting using a mesoscale model is used. On the other hand, in order to analyze the diffusion model, a difference method based on a trajectory plume model or an Euler type transport / diffusion model is used.

  Specifically, when simulating the concentration distribution of pollutants over a wide area, a weather model and a diffusion model are calculated by dividing an area of about 100 to 200 km on a side with a mesh of about 2 to 5 km. Therefore, in the case of special terrain that varies greatly on the scale of several kilometers, it cannot be calculated properly by the conventional method. For example, in the case of a simulation of dust generated from a pit in a mine, a large amount of dust is generated from a depression with a width of several kilometers. FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change over time in the dust concentration around the depression. FIG. 1 shows the change over time in the concentration of dust measured by a dust sensor placed outside the depression. As shown in FIG. 1, it can be seen that a large amount of dust accumulated in the depression due to radiation cooling at night is released outside the depression due to the rising airflow caused by solar radiation. As mentioned above, when the dust inside the depression is released outside the depression, the plume (smoke flow) behavior is completely different between the stable condition and the unstable condition when the dust exceeds the hills and mountains. Are known. That is, under unstable conditions, the plume moves up and down along the terrain, but under stable conditions, the plume rather surrounds the hills and does not attempt to rise along the terrain. Under neutral conditions, it is possible to estimate the approximate air flow by numerical calculation of the potential flow, but in general, in the air flow from the mountain bottom to the mountain top, the streamline interval is reduced, and in the air flow from the mountain top to the mountain bottom Then there is an expansion.

Therefore, in order to appropriately simulate a special terrain such as a depression, it is necessary to appropriately analyze complicated weather conditions in and around the depression. However, the above-described method of predicting using the conventional mesoscale model is a model for meshes of several kilometers or more, and is insufficient for analysis of depressions having a width of several kilometers. Therefore, in the conventional polluted environment prediction device in the depression, in order to accurately analyze the weather conditions in and around the depression, a fluid equation is set, a three-dimensional wind field calculation model, radiation cooling and The weather model is analyzed by calculating a complex model such as a rise in slope temperature due to solar radiation. Next, the generation amounts of various generation sources existing in each mesh are added to obtain the generation amount of the contaminant in each mesh. After that, the diffusion model is analyzed and the concentration distribution of the pollutant is predicted by solving the advection and diffusion equation numerically using the analysis result of the meteorological model and the amount of pollutant generated in each mesh. .
Airborne particulate matter contamination prediction manual (supervised by Toyokan Publishing Co., Ltd., 1997, PP.95, 185-243)

  However, in the above-described conventional pollution environment prediction device in a depression, a fluid equation is set and a three-dimensional wind field calculation model and a complicated model such as a rise in slope temperature due to radiation cooling or solar radiation are calculated. Therefore, there is a problem that the calculation time becomes enormous.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and is a polluted environment predicting device in a recessed area, which can calculate the concentration distribution of the pollutant in the recessed area in a short calculation time, a contaminated environment predicting method in the recessed area, and An object is to provide a program for executing a prediction method.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the polluted environment predicting apparatus according to the present invention, the terrain data representing the analysis target area including the depression is divided by a basic mesh finer than the analysis target area and from the basic mesh. Geographic information generation means for dividing each fine mesh into fine detail meshes and determining whether each detailed mesh is inside or outside the depression, and generation amount calculation for calculating the amount of pollutants generated for each detailed mesh And the amount of the pollutant released from the depression to the area to be analyzed is calculated based on the generated amount for each detailed mesh, and the contamination for each basic mesh is calculated from at least the amount released. Based on the release amount calculation means for calculating the amount of substance generated and the amount generated for each basic mesh, the state of advection / diffusion of the contaminants between the basic meshes is solved. It is characterized in that it comprises a advection diffusion calculation means for.

  Further, as described in claim 2, in the contaminated environment prediction apparatus for depressions according to the present invention described in claim 1, the discharge amount calculation means is released from the depressions to the analysis target area. The discharge amount is calculated from the concentration of the pollutant in the tank virtually assumed as the depression, and the concentration is calculated from the difference between the inflow amount flowing into the tank and the outflow amount flowing out of the tank. In addition, the inflow amount is calculated using a discharge coefficient α which is a ratio of the generated amount for each detailed mesh to be discharged to the outside of the depression.

  Further, as described in claim 3, in the contaminated environment predicting device in a depression according to the present invention described in claim 2, the discharge amount calculating means calculates the outflow amount flowing out of the tank as the outflow amount. It is calculated using a release rate β which is a rate released to the outside of the depression.

  Moreover, in the contamination environment prediction apparatus in the depression according to any one of claims 1 to 3, as described in claim 4, the discharge amount calculation means includes the contamination between the basic meshes. The generation amount for each basic mesh is calculated from the release amount released from the depression to the analysis target region using an uneven distribution coefficient γ representing the bias of the substance.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the method for predicting a contaminated environment in a depression, terrain data representing an analysis target area including the depression is divided by a finer basic mesh than the analysis target area. And a detailed mesh finer than the basic mesh, determine whether each detailed mesh is inside or outside the depression, calculate the amount of pollutants generated for each detailed mesh, and Based on the generated amount for each mesh, the amount of the pollutant released from the depression to the analysis target area is calculated, and the amount of the pollutant generated for each basic mesh is calculated from at least the released amount. It is characterized by calculating and analyzing the state of advection / diffusion of the contaminant between the basic meshes based on the generation amount for each basic mesh.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the program for executing the method for predicting a contaminated environment in a depression according to the present invention, topographic data representing an analysis target area including the depression is obtained from the analysis target area. A procedure for dividing by a fine basic mesh and a detailed mesh finer than the basic mesh, a procedure for determining whether each detailed mesh is inside or outside the depression, and contamination for each detailed mesh A procedure for calculating a generation amount of a substance, a procedure for calculating a release amount of the contaminant released from the depression to the analysis target area based on the generation amount for each detailed mesh, and at least the release Calculating the amount of the pollutant generated for each basic mesh from the amount, and the contaminant between the basic meshes based on the amount generated for each basic mesh It is characterized in that to execute a procedure for analyzing the advection-diffusion status of the computer.

  According to the present invention, the terrain data representing the analysis target area including the depression is divided by the basic mesh finer than the analysis target area and divided by the fine mesh finer than the basic mesh, and whether each detailed mesh is inside the depression. Based on the amount of pollutants generated for each detailed mesh, the amount of pollutants released from the depression to the analysis target area is calculated and calculated from the amount released above. Based on the amount of pollutants generated for each basic mesh, the advection and diffusion status of the pollutants between the basic meshes is analyzed to reduce the concentration distribution of the pollutants in the special topography of the depression. Can be calculated in time.

Below, an example of the pollution environment prediction apparatus in the depression which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 2 thru | or FIG. FIG. 2 is an internal configuration diagram of the contaminated environment prediction device 1 in the depression according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline of a part of the analysis target area, the depression and the basic mesh (I, J). FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an outline of a part of the analysis target area, the depression, and the detailed mesh (i, j). Here, the basic mesh (I, J) shown in FIG. 3 indicates a grid of I rows and J columns among the grids obtained by dividing the analysis target region. Similarly, the detailed mesh (i, j) shown in FIG. 4 indicates a grid of i rows and j columns among the grids obtained by dividing the analysis target region. The contaminated environment prediction device 1 in the depression according to the present embodiment divides the terrain data 51 representing the analysis target area including the depression by a grid-like basic mesh (I, J) finer than the analysis target area. Geographic information creating means for dividing the detailed mesh (i, j) in a finer grid shape than the basic mesh (I, J) and determining whether each detailed mesh (i, j) is inside or outside the depression 10 and a generation amount calculation means 20 for calculating a generation amount e (i, j, t) (see Formula 2) of the pollutant for each detailed mesh (i, j), and generation for each detailed mesh (i, j) Based on the amount e (i, j, t), the amount of movement P _e (t + Δt) (number from the tank at the time t + Δt, which is the amount of the contaminant released from the depression to the analysis target region, 4) and at least the tank at time t + Δt Et Analysis movement amount _P e (t + _Δt) base mesh from (I, J) at the area generation amount E of the pollutant per (I, J, t + 1 ) and the discharge amount calculating unit 30 for calculating a (see Equation 5) Advection / diffusion calculation means 40 for analyzing the advection / diffusion state of contaminants between the basic meshes (I, J) based on the generation amount E (I, J, t + 1) for each basic mesh (I, J); I have.

  Furthermore, the contaminated environment prediction apparatus 1 in the depression includes a storage unit 50 that mainly stores the terrain data 51, the prediction formula data 52, the conversion formula data 53, the weather data 54, and the diffusion formula data 55. Here, the terrain data 51 is, for example, latitude, longitude, altitude, and the like in the analysis target region, the depression, and the pollutant generation source. The prediction formula data 52 is data in which prediction formulas (see Formula 1) for predicting the generation amount of each pollutant source are collected. It is used for calculation of the generation amount in the generation amount calculation means 20. The conversion formula data 53 is a calculation formula for calculating the pollutant generation amount E (I, J, t + 1) at the time t of the basic mesh (I, J) in the release amount calculation means 30 (see Formulas 2 to 5). This is a summary of the data. The weather data 54 is weather conditions such as wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, ground surface temperature, stability classification index, and mixed layer altitude. The diffusion type data 55 is data that summarizes the advection / diffusion equation (see Equation 6) used in the advection diffusion calculation means 40.

  Hereinafter, the geographic information creation means 10, the generation amount calculation means 20, the discharge amount calculation means 30, and the advection diffusion calculation means 40 constituting the contaminated environment prediction device 1 in the depression according to this embodiment will be described in detail.

(Geographic information creation means)
As described above, the geographic information creating means 10 divides the terrain data 51 representing the analysis target area including the depressions into the basic meshes (I, J) having a lattice shape smaller than the analysis target area, and the basic mesh (I , J) It is divided by a finer grid-like detailed mesh (i, j). In general, when simulating the concentration distribution of pollutants over a wide area, the analysis target region is set to a region having a side of 100 km to 200 km and divided by a basic mesh of about 2 km to 5 km. As shown in FIG. 1, a characteristic concentration distribution of pollutants appears in the depressions of about several kilometers in width. For this reason, since it is difficult to reproduce the characteristic density distribution shown in FIG. 1 with the basic mesh, it is necessary to divide it into finer detailed meshes. Therefore, in this embodiment, the analysis target region is a region having a side of 100 km, and the analysis target region is divided by a basic mesh (I, J) having a side of 2 km. That is, the basic mesh (I, J) is not different from the conventional mesh. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the analysis target area is divided by a detailed mesh (i, j) having a side of 200 m.

  Further, the geographic information creating means 10 determines whether the detailed mesh (i, j) is inside or outside the depression. The above determination is necessary to distinguish between contaminants stored in the depression and contaminants flowing out of the depression due to effects such as radiation cooling. Specifically, for example, when the average height of the detailed mesh (i, j) is equal to or smaller than a certain threshold value, it is determined that the detailed mesh (i, j) is inside the depression. As a result of the above determination, when it is determined that the detailed mesh (i, j) is inside the depression, the geographic information creating means 10 determines the inside / outside depression flag p (i, j) of the detailed mesh (i, j). j) Set (see Equation 2) to 1. On the other hand, if it is determined that the detailed mesh (i, j) is outside the depression, the geographic information creation means 10 sets the depression / non-existence determination flag p (i, j) of the detailed mesh (i, j) to 0. To. Here, a part of the analysis target area divided by the nine basic meshes (I, J) and the outline of the depression are shown in FIG. 3, and divided by 500 detailed meshes (i, j). An outline of a part of the analysis target area and the depression is shown in FIG. In FIGS. 3 and 4, the depression is represented by an ellipse.

(Generation amount calculation means)
The generation amount calculation means 20 calculates the generation amount of pollutants generated from the analysis target area in units of detailed meshes. For example, when there is an open conveyor of a coal-fired power plant in the detailed mesh (i, j), the open conveyor is also a source of contaminants (dust). Specifically, the prediction formula included in the prediction formula data 52 shown in Formula (1-1) is acquired. Thereafter, the weather data 54 (wind speed U), calculates the outgoing dust amount _{Q c} of the open conveyor. Then, details of the particle emissions amount _{Q c} of the open conveyor mesh (i, j) of the pollutant emissions e (i, j, t) (see Equation 2). In addition to open conveyors, coal-fired power plants can be sources of fuel coal, fuel coal, piles (stackers), cuts from piles (reclaimers), etc. . Therefore, the prediction formula data 52 includes prediction formulas for predicting the generation amounts of the respective generation sources. In addition, when there are a plurality of generation sources in the detailed mesh (i, j), the generation amounts of the respective generation sources are integrated to generate the pollutant generation amount e (i, j,) of the detailed mesh (i, j). t) is calculated.

（放出量計算手段）
放出量計算手段３０は、地理情報作成手段１０で作成された詳細メッシュ（ｉ，ｊ）のくぼ地内外判定フラグｐ（ｉ，ｊ）、記憶手段５０に格納された換算式データ５３および発生量計算手段２０で計算された詳細メッシュ（ｉ，ｊ）の汚染物質発生量ｅ（ｉ，ｊ，ｔ）（数２参照）から、基本メッシュ（Ｉ，Ｊ）の時刻ｔにおける汚染物質発生量Ｅ（Ｉ，Ｊ，ｔ＋１）（数５参照）を算出している。具体的には、まず、所定の容量Ｖ（数２参照）、所定の面積Ａ（数３参照）の仮想的なタンクを設定する。そして、くぼ地内に留まる汚染物質は仮想的なタンクに一時的に貯留するものとする。次に、式（２−３）に示すように、単位時間当たりのタンク内への流入量、すなわち、時刻ｔのタンク内への流入量Ｐ_ｉｎ（ｔ）を算出する。ここで、くぼ地の地表面、すなわち、詳細メッシュ（ｉ，ｊ）から発生する汚染物質の発生量である詳細メッシュ（ｉ，ｊ）の汚染物質発生量ｅ（ｉ，ｊ，ｔ）は、一部はくぼ地の内部に留まり、一部はくぼ地の外部に飛散する。そこで、本実施形態では、詳細メッシュ（ｉ，ｊ）の汚染物質発生量ｅ（ｉ，ｊ，ｔ）がくぼ地外部に放出される時刻ｔの割合を、時刻ｔの放出係数α（ｔ）とし、時刻ｔのタンク内への流入量Ｐ_ｉｎ（ｔ）を時刻ｔの放出係数α（ｔ）を用いて算出している。なお、当該放出係数α（ｔ）はくぼ地の温度や日射量、風速などの気象データ５４に基づいて設定される。

(Discharge amount calculation means)
The discharge amount calculation means 30 includes the detailed mesh (i, j) created by the geographic information creation means 10 and the determination flag p (i, j) of the depression, the conversion formula data 53 stored in the storage means 50 and the generation From the pollutant generation amount e (i, j, t) (see Equation 2) of the detailed mesh (i, j) calculated by the amount calculation means 20, the pollutant generation amount at time t of the basic mesh (I, J). E (I, J, t + 1) (see Equation 5) is calculated. Specifically, first, a virtual tank having a predetermined capacity V (see Equation 2) and a predetermined area A (see Equation 3) is set. The contaminants that remain in the depression are temporarily stored in a virtual tank. Next, as shown in Expression (2-3), an inflow amount into the tank per unit time, that is, an inflow amount P _in (t) into the tank at time t is calculated. Here, the amount of pollutant generation e (i, j, t) of the detailed mesh (i, j), which is the amount of pollutant generated from the detailed mesh (i, j), is the surface of the depression. , Some stay inside the depression, and some fly outside the depression. Therefore, in this embodiment, the ratio of the time t at which the pollutant generation amount e (i, j, t) of the detailed mesh (i, j) is released to the outside of the depression is defined as the emission coefficient α (t) at the time t. And the inflow amount P _in (t) into the tank at time t is calculated using the release coefficient α (t) at time t. The release coefficient α (t) is set based on weather data 54 such as the temperature of the depression, the amount of solar radiation, and the wind speed.

Next, the concentration C (t) in the tank at time t, which is the concentration of the contaminant in the tank, is calculated. Here, the concentration C (t), the tank capacity V, and the amount of contaminant T (t) in the tank at time t have the relationship shown in the equation (2-1). Further, the amount T (t) of pollutant in the tank at time t is calculated as follows. The inflow amount P _in (t) into the tank at time t and the outside of the tank at time t as shown in the equation (2-2). It becomes equal to the difference of the outflow amount P _out (t). Further, the outflow amount P _out (t) to the outside of the tank at time t is an amount that flows out of the tank when the pollutant settles and adheres to the ground surface as shown in the equation (3-1). The sum of the sedimentation amount P _s (t) to the outside of the tank at time t and the release amount P _e (t) to the outside of the tank at time t, which is the amount of the contaminants flowing out of the tank due to scattering outside the tank. Is equal to Part of the pollutant that remains inside the depression remains inside the depression and part of it is scattered outside the depression. Therefore, in this embodiment, the speed at time t at which the contaminants staying inside the depression is scattered outside the depression is set as the release speed β (t), and the release amount P _e to the outside of the tank at time t. (T) is calculated using the release rate β (t) at time t. The release rate β (t) is set based on weather data 54 such as the temperature of the depression, the amount of solar radiation, and the wind speed. The concentration C (t) in the tank at time t is calculated from the equations (2-1), (2-2), and (3-1) to (3-3). Thereafter, the amount of sedimentation P _s (t) to the outside of the tank at the time t and the amount of discharge P _e (t) to the outside of the tank at the time t are calculated from the calculated concentration C (t) in the tank at the time t.

次に、式（４−１）に示すように、時刻ｔ＋Δｔのタンクから解析対象領域への移動量Ｐ_ｅ（ｔ＋Δｔ）を算出する。その後、式（５−１）に示すように、時刻ｔ＋Δｔのタンクから解析対象領域への移動量Ｐ_ｅ（ｔ＋Δｔ）、くぼ地内の詳細メッシュ（ｉ，ｊ）からタンクに入らずに直接基本メッシュ（Ｉ，Ｊ）に移動する量（式（５−１）の右辺第２項）および詳細メッシュ（ｉ，ｊ）のくぼ地外から発生する量（式（５−１）の右辺第３項）から基本メッシュ（Ｉ，Ｊ）の時刻ｔにおける汚染物質発生量Ｅ（Ｉ，Ｊ，ｔ＋１）を算出する。ここで、くぼ地から移動する汚染物質の量は、風速や風向きなどの影響により、基本メッシュ（Ｉ，Ｊ）間に偏りができる。そこで、本実施形態では、基本メッシュ（Ｉ，Ｊ）間の汚染物質の偏りを表す係数を偏在係数γ（Ｉ，Ｊ）とし、偏在係数γ（Ｉ，Ｊ）を用いて、時刻ｔ＋Δｔのタンクから解析対象領域への移動量Ｐ_ｅ（ｔ＋Δｔ）を換算している。なお、太陽の高度とくぼ地の形状の関係で暖まりやすい斜面に近い場所から多くの汚染物質が飛散することから、当該偏在係数γ（Ｉ，Ｊ）は、風速や風向きなどの気象データ５４の他、くぼ地の形状などを表す地形データ５１に基づいて設定される。これにより、現実に近い予測が可能となる。

Next, as shown in Expression (4-1), a movement amount P _e (t + Δt) from the tank at time t + Δt to the analysis target region is calculated. Thereafter, as shown in the equation (5-1), the movement amount P _e (t + Δt) from the tank to the analysis target area at time t + Δt, and the basic mesh directly from the detailed mesh (i, j) in the depression without entering the tank. Amount to move to mesh (I, J) (second term on right side of equation (5-1)) and amount generated from outside of depression of detailed mesh (i, j) (number on right side of equation (5-1) 3), the pollutant generation amount E (I, J, t + 1) at the time t of the basic mesh (I, J) is calculated. Here, the amount of contaminants moving from the depression can be biased between the basic meshes (I, J) due to the influence of wind speed, wind direction, and the like. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the coefficient representing the deviation of the contaminants between the basic meshes (I, J) is defined as the uneven distribution coefficient γ (I, J), and the tank at time t + Δt is used by using the uneven distribution coefficient γ (I, J). The amount of movement P _e (t + Δt) from the target area to the analysis target area is converted. In addition, since many pollutants are scattered from the place near the slope where it is easy to warm because of the relationship between the altitude of the sun and the shape of the depression, the uneven distribution coefficient γ (I, J) is calculated from the meteorological data 54 such as wind speed and direction. In addition, it is set based on terrain data 51 representing the shape of the depression. Thereby, prediction close to reality becomes possible.

（移流拡散計算手段）
移流拡散計算手段４０は、地形データ５１、気象データ５４および放出量計算手段３０で算出された基本メッシュ（Ｉ，Ｊ）の時刻ｔにおける汚染物質発生量Ｅ（Ｉ，Ｊ，ｔ＋１）に基づいて、拡散式データ５５に含まれる移流・拡散方程式を数値解析的に解くことで、基本メッシュ（Ｉ，Ｊ）間の汚染物質の移流・拡散状況を解析する。具体的には、拡散式データ５５に含まれる式（６−１）乃至式（６−４）に示すオイラー型輸送・拡散・反応変質・沈着モデルの方程式を用いて、基本メッシュ（Ｉ，Ｊ）の時刻ｔにおける汚染物質発生量Ｅ（Ｉ，Ｊ，ｔ＋１）を汚染物質発生量Ｓ_ｉに代入して、基本メッシュ（Ｉ，Ｊ）毎の汚染物質の濃度Ｃ_ｉを算出する。なお、地面の標高Ｚ_Ｇは地形データ５１を参照する。ｘ方向の速度成分ｕ、ｙ方向の速度成分ｖおよびσ方向の速度成分Ｗは気象データ５４を参照する。すなわち、従来のように、流体方程式を設定し、３次元の風況場計算モデルと放射冷却や日射による斜面温度の上昇などの複雑なモデルを計算して気象モデルを解析する必要がなくなる。

(Advection diffusion calculation means)
The advection diffusion calculation means 40 is based on the terrain data 51, the meteorological data 54 and the pollutant generation amount E (I, J, t + 1) at the time t of the basic mesh (I, J) calculated by the release amount calculation means 30. The advection / diffusion equation included in the diffusion formula data 55 is numerically solved to analyze the advection / diffusion state of the contaminants between the basic meshes (I, J). Specifically, the basic mesh (I, J) is obtained by using the equations of the Euler type transport / diffusion / reaction alteration / deposition model shown in the equations (6-1) to (6-4) included in the diffusion equation data 55. ) contaminant generation amount E at time t (I, J, t + 1) are substituted to the contaminant emissions _{S i} of, calculating the concentration _{C i} of the base mesh (I, J) for each pollutant. Incidentally, an altitude _{Z G} of the ground to see terrain data 51. The weather component 54 is referred to for the velocity component u in the x direction, the velocity component v in the y direction, and the velocity component W in the σ direction. That is, it is not necessary to set a fluid equation and analyze a weather model by calculating a three-dimensional wind field calculation model and a complicated model such as a rise in slope temperature due to radiation cooling or solar radiation as in the past.

以上のように、本実施形態に係るくぼ地における汚染環境予測装置１に示す構成にすることにより、従来のように、流体方程式を設定し、３次元の風況場計算モデルと放射冷却や日射による斜面温度の上昇などの複雑なモデルを計算して気象モデルを解析する必要がなくなることから、くぼ地という特殊な地形における汚染物質の濃度分布を少ない計算時間で計算することができる。

As described above, by using the configuration shown in the contaminated environment prediction apparatus 1 in the depression according to the present embodiment, a fluid equation is set as in the prior art, and a three-dimensional wind field calculation model and radiation cooling Since it is not necessary to analyze the meteorological model by calculating a complicated model such as a rise in slope temperature due to solar radiation, it is possible to calculate the concentration distribution of pollutants in a special terrain such as a depression in a short calculation time.

  Next, an example of a contaminated environment prediction control process in which the method for predicting a contaminated environment in a depression according to the present embodiment is executed by a computer will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the contaminated environment prediction control process for executing the method for predicting a contaminated environment in the depression according to the present embodiment, FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the inside / outside determination process of the depression shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the basic mesh pollutant generation amount calculation process shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the advection diffusion calculation process shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the polluted environment prediction control process, the depression inside / outside determination process, the detailed mesh pollutant generation amount calculation process, the basic mesh pollutant generation amount calculation process, and the advection diffusion calculation process will be described in detail.

(Pollution environment prediction control processing)
As shown in FIG. 5, the polluted environment prediction control process is performed by the geographic information creating unit 10 (step S100), and the detailed mesh pollutant generation amount executed by the generation amount calculation unit 20 A calculation process (step S200), a basic mesh pollutant generation amount calculation process (step S300) executed by the discharge amount calculation means 30, and an advection diffusion calculation process (step S400) executed by the advection diffusion calculation means 40 are provided. Yes. By executing this polluted environment prediction control process, the concentration distribution of pollutants in a special terrain such as a depression is calculated in a short calculation time.

(Indentation inside / outside judgment processing)
In the depression inside / outside determination process (step S100), the analysis target area is divided into the basic mesh (I, J) and the detailed mesh (i, j), and the detailed mesh (i, j) is inside the depression. This is a control process for determining whether or not it is outside. Specifically, first, the geographic information creation means 10 sets the length of one side of the analysis target area including the depression, which is a range for simulating the concentration distribution of the contaminant, and stores it in the storage means 50. (Step S101). Next, the geographic information creation means 10 sets the length of one side of the grid-like basic mesh (I, J) finer than the analysis target area, and stores it in the storage means 50 (step S102). Next, the length of one side of the grid-like detailed mesh (i, j) finer than the basic mesh (I, J) is set and stored in the storage means 50 (step S103). In the present embodiment, all the lengths of one side of the basic mesh (I, J) are made equal. Similarly, the lengths of one side of the detailed mesh (i, j) are all made equal. Next, the geographic information creation means 10 divides the analysis target area for each side of the basic mesh (I, J), and stores the divided analysis target area and the basic mesh (I, J) in association with each other. Store in the means 50 (step S104). Further, the geographic information creating means 10 divides the analysis target area for each length of one side of the detailed mesh (i, j) and associates the divided analysis target area with the detailed mesh (i, j) to store the storage means. 50 (step S105).

  Next, the geographic information creating means 10 acquires the detailed mesh (i, j) stored in the storage means 50 and determines whether the detailed mesh (i, j) is inside or outside the depression. (Step S106). Specifically, for example, as described above, when the average altitude of the detailed mesh (i, j) is equal to or less than a certain threshold value, it is determined that the detailed mesh (i, j) is inside the depression. As a result of the determination in step S106, when it is determined that the detailed mesh (i, j) is inside the depression (Yes in step S106), the depression inside / outside determination flag p () of the detailed mesh (i, j) i, j) is set to 1 (step S107). Thereafter, the inside / outside determination flag p (i, j) of the detailed mesh (i, j) is stored in the storage means 50 in association with the detailed mesh (i, j) (step S107). On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step S106, when it is determined that the detailed mesh (i, j) is outside the depression (No in step S106), the depression inside / outside determination flag of the detailed mesh (i, j) p (i, j) is set to 0 (step S108). Thereafter, the inside / outside determination flag p (i, j) of the detailed mesh (i, j) is stored in the storage unit 50 in association with the detailed mesh (i, j) (step S108). Next, the geographic information creating means 10 determines whether or not the determination in step S106 has been performed for all the detailed meshes (i, j) (step S109). When it is determined that the determination in step S106 has not been performed for all the detailed meshes (i, j) (No in step S109), the process returns to step S106, and the control processes in steps S106 to S109 are repeatedly executed. On the other hand, if it is determined that the determination in step S106 has been performed for all the detailed meshes (i, j) (Yes in step S109), this control process ends. As a result, until the determination in step S106 is performed for all the detailed meshes (i, j), the inside / outside determination process of the depression is repeatedly performed.

(Detailed mesh pollutant generation calculation process)
In the detailed mesh pollutant generation amount calculation process (step S200), the pollutant generation amount e (i, j) of the detailed mesh (i, j) generated from the pollutant generation source in the detailed mesh (i, j). , T). Specifically, first, the generation amount calculation means 20 sets the type of the pollutant generation source in the detailed mesh (i, j) and stores it in the storage means 50 (step S201). Next, the generation amount calculation unit 20 acquires prediction formula data 52 related to the set type of generation source from the storage unit 50 (step S202). Next, the generation amount calculation means 20 calculates the generation amount of the pollutant from the prediction formula data 52 (step S203). As described above, the pollutant generation source according to the present embodiment is an open / close conveyor of a coal-fired power plant. Therefore, the weather equation 54 and the weather data 54 (wind velocity U) are used as the prediction equation expressed by the equation (1-1). and calculates the onset dust amount Q _c Te. Next, the generation amount calculation means 20 adds the generation amount calculated in step S203 to the pollutant generation amount e (i, j, t) of the detailed mesh (i, j) (step S204). The initial value of the pollutant generation amount e (i, j, t) of the detailed mesh (i, j) is zero.

  Next, the generation amount calculation means 20 determines whether or not the generation amount of pollutants has been calculated for all generation sources in the detailed mesh (i, j) (step S205). When it is determined that the determination in step S205 has not been executed for all the generation sources (No in step S205), the process returns to step S201, and the control processes in steps S201 to S205 are repeatedly executed. On the other hand, when it is determined that the determination in step S205 has been performed for all the generation sources (Yes in step S205), the accumulated contaminant generation amount e (i, j, t) of the detailed mesh (i, j) is the detailed mesh. It is stored in the storage means 50 in association with (i, j) (step S206). Next, the generation amount calculation means 20 has stored in the storage means 50 the pollutant generation amount e (i, j, t) of the detailed mesh (i, j) for all the detailed meshes (i, j). Determination is made (step S207). If it is determined that the determination in step S207 has not been performed for all the detailed meshes (i, j) (No in step S207), the process returns to step S201, and the control processes in steps S201 to S207 are repeatedly executed. On the other hand, when it determines with the determination in step S207 having been performed about all the detailed meshes (i, j) (it is Yes at step S207), this control process is complete | finished. Thus, this control process is repeatedly executed for all the detailed meshes (i, j) until the pollutant generation amount e (i, j, t) of the detailed meshes (i, j) is stored in the storage unit 50. .

(Calculation process of pollutant generation amount of basic mesh)
In the basic mesh pollutant generation amount calculation process (step S300), the movement amount P _e from the tank at time t + Δt to the analysis target region from the pollutant generation amount e (i, j, t) of the detailed mesh (i, j). This is a control process for calculating (t + Δt) and calculating the pollutant generation amount E (I, J, t + 1) of the basic mesh (I, J). Specifically, first, the discharge amount calculation means 30 sets a virtual tank (step S301). Specifically, a predetermined capacity V and a predetermined area A are set and stored in the storage unit 50. Next, the discharge amount calculation means 30 sets the sedimentation speed D and stores it in the storage means 50 (step S302). Next, the release coefficient α (t), the release speed β (t), and the uneven distribution coefficient γ (I, J) are also set and stored in the storage means 50 (step S303). Next, the discharge amount calculation means 30 calculates the area a of the detailed mesh (i, j) from the length of one side of the detailed mesh (i, j) stored in step S103 and stores it in the storage means 50. (Step S304). Next, the area S of the basic mesh (I, J) is calculated from the length of one side of the basic mesh (I, J) stored in step S102 and stored in the storage means 50 (step S305). Next, as shown in Expression (2-3), the discharge amount calculation means 30 calculates the inflow amount P _in (t) into the tank at time t and stores it in the storage means 50 (step S306). . Next, as described above, the discharge amount calculation means 30 calculates the amount of the discharge in the tank at time t from the expressions (2-1), (2-2), (3-1) to (3-3). The density C (t) is calculated and stored in the storage means 50 (step S307).

Next, as shown in the equation (3-2), the discharge amount calculation means 30 calculates the sedimentation amount P _s (t) outside the tank at time t and stores it in the storage means 50 (step S308). . Next, the discharge amount calculation means 30 calculates the discharge amount P _e (t) to the outside of the tank at time t as shown in the equation (3-3), and stores it in the storage means 50 (step S309). . Next, as shown in the equation (4-1), the discharge amount calculation means 30 calculates the movement amount P _e (t + Δt) from the tank at the time t + Δt to the analysis target region and stores it in the storage means 50 ( Step S310). Finally, as shown in the equation (5-1), the movement amount P _e (t + Δt) from the tank to the analysis target area at time t + Δt, and the detailed mesh (i, j) in the depression are not entered the tank. The amount directly moving to the basic mesh (I, J) (the second term on the right side of the equation (5-1)) and the amount generated from outside the depression of the detailed mesh (i, j) (the equation (5-1) The pollutant generation amount E (I, J, t + 1) at time t of the basic mesh (I, J) is calculated from the third term on the right side (step S311). Thereafter, the pollutant generation amount E (I, J, t + 1) at the time t of the basic mesh (I, J) is stored in the storage means 50 in association with the basic mesh (I, J), and this control process is terminated.

(Advection diffusion calculation processing)
The advection diffusion calculation process (step S400) is a control process for calculating the concentration C _i for each basic mesh (I, J) from the pollutant generation amount E (I, J, t + 1) of the basic mesh (I, J). . Specifically, first, the advection diffusion calculation unit 40 acquires various parameters (step S401). For example, the altitude Z _G of the ground is acquired from the terrain data 51. For example, the velocity component u in the x direction, the velocity component v in the y direction, and the velocity component W in the σ direction are acquired from the weather data 54. Furthermore, as pollutant emissions _{S i} from a factory or the like, to obtain base mesh (I, J) contaminant generation amount E of (I, J, t + 1 ) a. Next, the advection diffusion calculation means 40 acquires diffusion equation data 55 that summarizes the Euler-type transport / diffusion / reaction alteration / deposition model equations shown in equations (6-1) to (6-4). (Step S402). Finally, the advection diffusion calculation means 40 calculates the concentration C _i of the pollutant for each basic mesh (I, J) using the diffusion formula data 55 and stores it in the storage means 50 (step S403). The control process ends.

  As described above, by programming the contaminated environment prediction control process in which the contaminated environment predicting method in the depression according to the present embodiment is executed by a computer, the fluid equation is set and the three-dimensional wind condition is conventionally set. It is not necessary to analyze the meteorological model by calculating the field calculation model and the complicated model such as the rise in slope temperature due to radiation cooling and solar radiation, so the calculation time of pollutant concentration distribution in the special topography of the depression is reduced And can be easily calculated.

  The embodiment described above is an example of the implementation of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and other various embodiments are within the scope described in the claims. It is applicable to. For example, in the present embodiment, one side of the analysis target region is 200 km, one side of the basic mesh (I, J) is 2 km, and one side of the detailed mesh (i, j) is 200 m. Not a thing. Similarly, the analysis target area, the basic mesh (I, J), and the detailed mesh (i, j) are square, but are not particularly limited to this, and may be rectangular.

  In this embodiment, FIG. 3 shows nine basic meshes obtained by dividing a part of the analysis target area, and FIG. 4 shows 500 detailed meshes obtained by dividing a part of the analysis target area. It is not particularly limited to this, and it may be divided into any number.

  Further, the topographic data 51 of the present embodiment is the latitude, longitude, altitude, etc. in the analysis target area, the depression and the source of the pollutant, but is not particularly limited to this, and the analysis target area, Other methods, for example, data represented by the distance from the reference point may be used as long as the position of the source of the ground and the pollutant can be specified. Similarly, the meteorological data 54 of the present embodiment is meteorological conditions such as wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, ground temperature, stability classification index, and mixed layer altitude, but is not particularly limited to this. It may contain parameters.

  Further, the generation amount calculation means 20 of the present embodiment calculates the pollutant generation amount e (i, j, t) of the detailed mesh (i, j) for the open conveyor of the coal-fired power plant. The present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to other sources. Moreover, although the generation amount of an open conveyor is calculated from the prediction formula of Shirakura (1987), it is not specifically limited to this, You may use another prediction formula.

  Further, when the geographic information creating means 10 of the present embodiment determines whether the detailed mesh (i, j) is inside or outside the depression, a threshold value with an average altitude of the detailed mesh (i, j) is present. In the following cases, it is determined that the detailed mesh (i, j) is inside the depression, but the present invention is not particularly limited to this, and other methods may be used.

  Moreover, although the flowchart of the pollution environment prediction control process which performs the pollution environment prediction method in the depression according to this embodiment is shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 9, it is not particularly limited to this, and other controls Even if processing is included, it is applicable. Furthermore, the entire control process of the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 5 to 9 is not necessarily required.

  In the present embodiment, the length of one side of the analysis target region, the basic mesh (I, J), and the detailed mesh (i, j) is set in the depression inside / outside determination processing. It is not limited, and it may be set in advance and stored in the storage means 50. Similarly, the type of generation source is set in the pollutant generation amount calculation process of the detailed mesh (i, j), but it may be set in advance and stored in the storage means 50. Similarly, in the pollutant generation amount calculation processing of the basic mesh (I, J), a virtual tank, a release coefficient α (t), a release speed β (t), an uneven distribution coefficient γ (I, J), and a settling speed Although D is set, it may be set in advance and stored in the storage means 50.

It is a graph which shows the time change of the dust concentration around a depression. It is an internal block diagram of the pollution environment prediction apparatus in the depression according to this embodiment. It is the figure which showed the outline of a part of analysis object area | region, a depression, and a basic mesh. It is the figure which showed the outline of a part of analysis object area | region, a hollow, and a detailed mesh. It is a flowchart of the pollution environment prediction control process which performs the pollution environment prediction method in the depression according to this embodiment. 6 is a flowchart of the inside / outside determination process of the depression shown in FIG. 5. It is a flowchart of the pollutant generation amount calculation process of the detailed mesh shown in FIG. It is a flowchart of the pollutant generation amount calculation process of the basic mesh shown in FIG. It is a flowchart of the advection diffusion calculation process shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Contamination environment prediction device in a depression, 10 Geographic information creation means,
20 generation amount calculation means, 30 discharge amount calculation means, 40 advection diffusion calculation means,
50 storage means, 51 terrain data, 52 prediction formula data,
53 conversion formula data, 54 meteorological data, 55 diffusion formula data

Claims (6)

The topographic data representing the analysis target area including the depression is divided by a basic mesh finer than the analysis target area and divided by a detailed mesh finer than the basic mesh, and each detailed mesh is inside the depression. A geographic information creation means for determining whether or not it is outside,
A generation amount calculation means for calculating a generation amount of contaminants for each detailed mesh;
Based on the generation amount for each detailed mesh, the amount of the contaminant released from the depression to the analysis target area is calculated, and the generation of the contaminant for each basic mesh is calculated from at least the release amount. A discharge amount calculating means for calculating the amount;
A polluted environment prediction device in a depression, comprising advection / diffusion calculation means for analyzing the advection / diffusion state of the contaminant between the basic meshes based on the generation amount of each basic mesh. The emission amount calculating means calculates the emission amount released from the depression to the analysis target area from the concentration of the contaminant in the tank virtually assumed as the depression,
Calculate the concentration from the difference between the amount of inflow flowing into the tank and the amount of outflow flowing out of the tank,
2. The contamination in the depression according to claim 1, wherein the inflow is calculated using a discharge coefficient α that is a ratio of the generated amount for each of the detailed meshes released to the outside of the depression. Environmental prediction device.   The said discharge | emission amount calculation means calculates the said outflow amount which flows out of the said tank using discharge | release rate (beta) which is the speed | rate discharged | emitted outside the said depression. A polluted environment prediction device in remote areas.   The discharge amount calculation means uses the uneven distribution coefficient γ representing the bias of the pollutant between the basic meshes, and from the discharge amount released from the depressions to the analysis target region, the basic meshes for the basic meshes. The amount of generation | occurrence | production is calculated, The pollution environment prediction apparatus in the depression according to any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Dividing the terrain data representing the analysis target region including the depression with a basic mesh finer than the analysis target region and dividing with a detailed mesh finer than the basic mesh,
Determine whether each detail mesh is inside or outside the depression,
Calculate the amount of pollutants generated for each detailed mesh,
Based on the amount generated for each detailed mesh, calculate the amount of pollutant released from the depression to the analysis target area,
Calculate the amount of pollutant generated for each basic mesh from at least the release amount,
6. A method for predicting a polluted environment in a depression, wherein the state of advection / diffusion of the pollutant between the basic meshes is analyzed based on the generation amount of each basic mesh. The step of dividing the terrain data representing the analysis target area including the depression with the basic mesh finer than the analysis target area and the detailed mesh finer than the basic mesh,
Determining whether each detailed mesh is inside or outside the depression;
A procedure for calculating the amount of pollutants generated for each detailed mesh;
Calculating a release amount of the contaminant released from the depression to the analysis target region based on the generation amount for each detailed mesh;
A procedure for calculating the amount of pollutant generated for each basic mesh from at least the released amount;
A method for predicting a polluted environment in a depression is executed by causing a computer to execute a procedure for analyzing the advection / diffusion state of the pollutant between the basic meshes based on the generation amount of each basic mesh. Program to let you.

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