JP2008144879A - Roller bearing cage and rolling bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to supply a long-life rolling bearing retainer and a rolling bearing by supplying sufficient lubricant between rolling elements and the column while maintaining the strength of the column, thereby reducing wear.
In a cage for a rolling bearing, at least one of a guide surface 8 that is in sliding contact with a roller 4 of the cage 5 or a surface that is in sliding contact with an end surface of the roller 4 of the cage 5 has a dimple-like minute recess 14. Are provided. In addition, a solid lubricant is embedded in the dimple-like minute recess 14.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a rolling bearing cage and a rolling bearing.

  Conventionally, in rolling bearing cages, lubrication between the rolling elements and the cage is maintained well, wear of the cage is reduced, and the life of the rolling bearing is extended.

  For example, as a roller bearing retainer, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, in a roller bearing retainer having a window hole for storing a roller between adjacent column portions in the circumferential direction, A concave groove is provided on the inner surface for scraping off foreign matter adhering to the roller.

Conventionally, as a rolling bearing for supporting an axle of a railway vehicle (hereinafter referred to as a rolling bearing for a railway vehicle axle), a cylindrical roller bearing provided with a brass cage or a tapered roller provided with an iron press cage. Bearings are most commonly used. However, in recent years, there is a strong demand for extending the life and weight of rolling bearings for railway vehicle axles, and therefore, the use of synthetic resin for cages has started. Specifically, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, polyamide resin such as nylon 66 using glass fiber as a reinforcing fiber material is used as the material of the cage from the ambient temperature.
JP 2006-112584 A JP 2005-233393 A

  However, as in the roller bearing cage disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, if a concave groove is provided on the rolling element guide surface of the column part, an oil film cannot be formed between the rolling element and the column part, and the column part itself. There is a problem of causing wear. Moreover, there exists a problem that the intensity | strength of the whole holder | retainer falls and it will break at the edge part of a pillar part.

  Further, in railway vehicles, further speedup of railway vehicles is demanded, and due to poor lubrication between the rolling bearing retainer and rolling elements of the railway vehicle axle accompanying the speedup, vibration of the cage itself ( Self-excited vibration) may occur.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above. First, while maintaining the strength of the column portion, a sufficient lubricant is supplied between the rolling elements and the column portion to prevent wear. Reduced and long-life rolling bearing cages and rolling bearings are provided, and secondly, rolling bearing cages and rolling bearings for railcar axles that are highly reliable for suppressing poor lubrication during traveling are provided. The purpose is to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, a rolling bearing cage according to the present invention is a rolling bearing cage that holds a plurality of rolling elements interposed between a pair of opposed bearing rings in a freely rolling manner. The sliding contact surface of the retainer with which the rolling element is in sliding contact is provided with a plurality of dimple-shaped minute recesses.

  The rolling bearing retainer includes a pair of opposed annular plates and a plurality of pillar portions that are provided between the annular plates, connect the annular plates, and define a plurality of pockets in which the rolling elements are accommodated. The annular plate and the column part are integrally formed from one member.

  Preferably, the dimple-like minute concave portion is provided on at least one of a guide surface on which the rolling element is slidably contacted or a surface on which the end surface of the rolling element is slidably contacted among the surfaces of the cage in which the rolling element is in sliding contact. It is characterized by being.

  Preferably, a solid lubricant is embedded in the minute dimple-like concave portion.

  More preferably, the pocket has a relief groove formed at a corner.

  Preferably, the pocket is outward at a corner so that a guide surface of the cage with which the rolling element slides and a surface of the cage with which the rolling element end surface slides are smoothly connected. It is connected by the circular arc surface which goes.

  A rolling bearing according to the present invention includes the rolling bearing retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

Preferably, the rolling bearing is a roller bearing. More preferably, the rolling bearing rotatably supports an axle of a railway vehicle.

  According to the rolling bearing retainer and the rolling bearing of the present invention, it is possible to supply sufficient lubricant between the rolling elements and the column portion while maintaining the strength of the column portion, thereby reducing wear and extending the life. it can.

  Further, according to the rolling bearing cage and rolling bearing for a railway vehicle axle of the present invention, there is an effect that the lubrication failure during the traveling of the railway vehicle is suppressed and the reliability is high.

  Hereinafter, a rolling bearing cage and a rolling bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, taking a thrust cylindrical roller bearing and a rolling bearing for rolling stock as an example.

  Fig.1 (a) is a perspective view of the principal part of the thrust cylindrical roller bearing which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a front view of the principal part of the holder | retainer shown to (a). (C) is a perspective view of the main part of the cage shown in (b), and (d) is an enlarged view of the guide surface of the cage shown in (c).

  The thrust cylindrical roller bearing 1 includes a pair of bearing rings 20 and 30 that face each other in the axial direction X, and a cylindrical roller 4 that is a rolling element can freely roll between the bearing rings 20 and 30. A plurality are arranged.

  The rollers 4 are respectively held by a ring-shaped cage 5 incorporated between the races 20 and 30 so as to be freely rollable at a constant interval in the circumferential direction.

  The cage 5 is formed by injection molding a synthetic resin such as a polyamide resin or a polyacetal resin. As shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, the cage 5 is integrally formed as a flat plate formed from one member. Is formed.

  The cage 5 is integrally provided with a pair of opposed annular plates 2, 3 and a plurality of pillars 6 that connect the annular plates 2, 3. A substantially rectangular pocket 7 is defined by the guide surfaces 8 on both sides in the direction.

  The number of pockets 7 is the same as the number of rollers 4 provided at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cage 5, and each pocket 7 holds the rollers 4 in the pockets 7 with the rollers 4 incorporated individually. The container 5 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape so as to be able to roll in the circumferential direction.

  At the four corners of the substantially rectangular pocket 7, relief grooves 40 having a predetermined radius of curvature and linearly penetrating in the width direction of the cage 5 are provided.

  In the illustrated example, the escape groove 40 is formed as a recessed hollow portion, and the radius of curvature Rc of the escape groove 40 is optimized by making it a predetermined relationship with respect to other related dimensions. Yes. Further, as a measure for alleviating the stress concentration at the corners, instead of the recessed relief portions, the guide surfaces 8 on which the rollers 4 are in sliding contact, and the inner surfaces of the annular plates 2 and 3 on which the end surfaces of the rollers 4 are in sliding contact It is also conceivable that they are connected by a circular arc surface facing outward so as to be smoothly continuous.

  In the present embodiment, the pillar portion 6 of the cage 5 has a guide surface 8 with which the rollers 4 are in sliding contact, as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D, and the guide surface 8 has a dimple shape. A plurality of minute recesses 14 are provided.

  A plurality of minute dimples 14 are provided on the inner surfaces of the annular plates 2 and 3 where the end face of the roller 4 and the cage 5 are in sliding contact.

  Such a dimple-like minute recess 14 is formed by using a precision machine tool, laser processing, etching using photolithography, or the like on a mold used for injection molding of the cage 5 in advance. By forming the portion, the cage 5 can be formed.

  From the above, according to the present embodiment, while maintaining the strength of the column portion 6, sufficient lubricant is supplied between the roller 4 and the column portion 6 to reduce wear and extend the life of the cage. Can do. In other words, by providing the dimple-like minute recesses 14 on the surface of the cage 5 in which the rollers 4 are in sliding contact, an oil film is formed by an oil sump effect, thereby suppressing the wear. It also has the effect of suppressing vibration and abnormal noise.

  Hereinafter, the test using the thrust cylindrical roller bearing which is 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, a plurality of small dimple-like concave portions 14 having appropriate shapes and area ratios are provided on the surfaces of the annular plates 2 and 3 that are in sliding contact with the guide surface 8 or the roller end surface of the cage 5. The noise was measured with a sound level meter.

  In the life test, degreasing was performed during rotation at 5000 rpm to force a poor lubrication state, and the durability of the cage was evaluated.

  Also, a cage in which a plurality of minute dimple-like concave portions 14 having an appropriately changed shape and area ratio are provided on both the guide surface 8 of the cage 5 and the surfaces of the annular plates 2 and 3 that are in sliding contact with the roller end surfaces. A test similar to the above was performed.

  Tables 1 and 2 show the relative life ratios when the life of Comparative Example 1 using a normal cage is set to 1. Moreover, the comparative example 2 is provided with the ditch | groove in the holder | retainer guide surface shown in patent document 1. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, noise was reduced by providing the dimple-like minute recesses 14 on the guide surface 8 in sliding contact with the roller 4 of the cage 5 or the surface in sliding contact with the roller end surface of the cage 5.

  Further, it has been found that there is a pattern that can provide a long life.

  Further, even when the dimple-like minute recesses 14 are formed on both the guide surface 8 that is in sliding contact with the roller 4 of the cage 5 and the surface that is in sliding contact with the roller end surface of the cage 5, an extension of the life is seen. .

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, A various deformation | transformation is possible.

  In the above embodiment, the cage 5 slidably in contact with the end face of the roller 4 has been described as an example of an integrated machined cage that is integrally formed from a single member. It can also be applied to a machined cage.

  As a cage used for roller bearings, split type type machined cages and integral type machined cages are generally used, but after turning a steel material or alloy into a predetermined cross-sectional shape by turning, a window A hole may be formed by punching, or after a predetermined cross-sectional shape is formed on a sheet metal by pressing, a window hole is formed by punching, bent into an annular shape, and welded at both ends.

  In the said embodiment, although the cage | basket 5 demonstrated in the example which consists of a synthetic resin composition, the material of a cage | basket is not limited to this, For example, the cage | basket 5 is formed from the metal which consists of copper alloys etc. Also good.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the pocket 7 of the holder | retainer 5 is formed so that the direction of the roller insertion part 10 may become reverse alternately for every adjacent pocket 7, it is not limited to this, A roller insertion The direction of the unit 10 may be configured to be reversed in a desired arrangement such as every two or every three.

  Next, a rolling bearing for a rolling stock axle according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described by way of example using a cylindrical roller bearing.

  FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of a rolling bearing for a rolling stock axle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 3A is a view showing a main part of the railway vehicle in which the axle is supported by the rolling bearing for the railway vehicle axle shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the guide surface of the cage shown in FIG. FIG.

  2 includes an inner ring 101 having a raceway surface 101a on the outer peripheral surface, an outer ring 102 having a raceway surface 102a facing the raceway surface 101a of the inner ring 101 on the inner peripheral surface, an inner ring 101 and an outer ring. Cylindrical rollers 103, which are a plurality of rolling elements that are arranged so as to be able to roll between 102, and a cage 104 that holds the cylindrical rollers 103 between the inner ring 101 and the outer ring 102 so as to roll freely.

  In this cage 104, cylindrical pockets 104a for holding the cylindrical rollers 103 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the cylindrical rollers 103 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  Next, the railway vehicle in which the axle is rotatably supported by the rolling bearing 110 for a railway vehicle axle as described above will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the inner rings 101, 101 of the rolling bearings 110, 110 for rolling stock axles are fitted adjacent to both ends of an axle 115 provided with wheels 113 that run on rails 112. The outer rings 102 and 102 are attached to a bogie frame (not shown) that supports the body (not shown) of the railway vehicle. As a result, the axle 115 of the railway vehicle is supported rotatably with respect to the vehicle body.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3 (a), the rolling bearings 110 for rolling stock axles are used in pairs. Of these, the outer ring 102 of the rolling bearing 110 for a railcar axle disposed on the wheel side (the right bearing in FIGS. 2 and 3A) has flanges 105, 105 at both axial ends of the inner peripheral surface thereof. The inner ring 101 has a flange 106a only at the wheel side end portion of the outer peripheral surface thereof.

  Further, the outer ring 102 of the rolling bearing 110 for rolling stock axle (the left bearing in FIGS. 2 and 3A) disposed on the opposite side of the wheel is provided with a collar 105 at both ends in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface thereof. , 105, and the inner ring 101 does not have a collar, but has a collar ring 106b on the side opposite to the wheel. The collar ring 106b is fitted to the axle 115 and fixed with a lock nut or the like.

  The cages 104 and 104 provided in the rolling bearings 110 and 110 for the railcar axles are made of a resin composition containing a resin and glass fiber.

  Below, resin used for a resin composition is demonstrated in detail.

  The type of resin is not particularly limited, but considering the heat resistance and fatigue resistance of the cage, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyamide resin (aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide 46, polyamide 66, etc.), etc. are preferable. . Polyphenylene sulfide resin has low water absorption, excellent heat resistance, and good moldability, so it has low water absorption, excellent dimensional stability, and can be used at high temperatures of 150-180 ° C by injection molding. It can be manufactured at low cost by the method. Therefore, even if the speed of the railway vehicle is increased in the future, and the operating temperature of the rolling bearing for the rolling stock axle is further increased, the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be used.

  The aromatic polyamide resin has a high melting point and high strength and can be used at a high temperature of 120 to 140 ° C. Furthermore, since polyamide 46 also has a heat resistance of 120 to 140 ° C. and is excellent in impact strength and fatigue resistance, a highly reliable cage that is difficult to break can be obtained. Polyamide 66 has a heat resistance of 100 to 120 ° C., but has a good balance of impact strength, fatigue resistance and the like, and has a low material cost. Therefore, polyamide 66 is most suitable as a material for a cage used in rolling bearings for railway vehicle axles. is there.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, in the cage formed of these resin compositions, a dimple-like minute recess 114 is formed on the surface of the cage 104 with which the cylindrical roller 103 is slidably contacted. A plurality of these are formed, whereby good lubrication can be obtained and self-excited vibration of the cage 104 can be suppressed.

  The dimple-like minute recess 114 can be formed by previously forming a plurality of minute protrusions on a mold when the resin composition is molded by injection molding. As a mold processing method, it can be formed into an arbitrary shape by laser processing, etching by photolithography, grinding by a precision machine tool, electric discharge processing, or the like.

  Moreover, the solid lubricant embedded in the dimple-like minute recess 114 may be fixed to the surface by shot processing, or may be formed on the surface by spuck, CVD, or vapor deposition.

  The type of solid lubricant is not particularly limited, but molybdenum disulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, graphite, lead, tin, zinc, gold, silver, bismuth, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride, and the like are preferable. These solid lubricants may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, you may mix and use it with a binder.

  As described above, in the rolling bearing for a railway vehicle axle according to the present embodiment, a plurality of minute dimples 114 are provided on the surface of the cage 104 with which the cylindrical rollers 103 are slidably contacted, so that even under high-speed rotation. Since the oil is retained in the dimple-like minute recess 114 due to the oil reservoir effect, and sufficient lubricant can be always supplied to the sliding contact surface, the lubrication failure is suppressed and self-excited vibration of the cage is suppressed. Have. Therefore, it has the effect of preventing breakage of the cage due to self-excited vibration. In addition to vibration, it also has the effect of suppressing wear, increasing temperature, and suppressing the generation of fruit sounds.

  Even when wear occurs, the solid lubricant is embedded in the dimple-like minute recesses 114, so that the lubricant is supplied from the dimple-like minute recesses 114, and good lubrication can be obtained. Have.

  Hereinafter, the test using the rolling bearing for rolling stock axle which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, a cylindrical roller bearing which is a rolling bearing for a rolling stock axle according to the second embodiment of the present invention is used to slide the guide surface of the cage 104 or the roller end surface of the cage 104. A plurality of minute dimple-shaped concave portions 114 having an appropriately changed shape and area ratio were provided on the contacting surface, and vibrations thereof were measured with a vibrometer.

  In the life test, degreasing was performed during rotation at 5000 rpm to force a poor lubrication state, and the time until the vibration suddenly increased was regarded as the durability time, and the durability of the cage was evaluated.

  Further, a cage in which molybdenum disulfide is embedded as a solid lubricant in a dimple-like minute concave portion 114 whose shape and area ratio are appropriately changed on the guide surface of the cage 104 or the surface that is in sliding contact with the roller end surface of the cage 104. The same test as above was conducted.

  Tables 3 and 4 show the relative life ratios when the life of Comparative Example 1 using a normal cage is set to 1.

  The solid lubricant was buried by shot peening. By shot solid lubricant on the entire cage, the friction characteristics at the portion where the initial cage and the rolling element are in sliding contact with each other are improved, and the solid lubricant is retained in the dimple-like minute recess 114. Therefore, it acts as a lubricant even when wear occurs, and has an effect of preventing further wear, vibration and temperature rise.

  The resin composition used for the cage 104 is polyamide 66, which contains 25% glass fiber.

  In the present embodiment, the life was extended by providing the dimple-like minute concave portion 114 on the guide surface that slidably contacts the roller of the cage 104 or the surface that slidably contacts the roller end surface of the cage 104.

  Furthermore, the lifetime was extended by spraying a solid lubricant on the surface.

  Note that the present embodiment shows an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.

  For example, in the present embodiment, a cylindrical roller bearing has been described as an example of a rolling bearing. However, the rolling bearing of the present invention can be applied to various types of rolling bearings.

  For example, radial rolling bearings such as deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, self-aligning ball bearings, tapered roller bearings, needle roller bearings, and self-aligning roller bearings, and thrust types such as thrust ball bearings and thrust roller bearings This is a rolling bearing.

  Moreover, although this Embodiment is a rolling bearing which supports the axle of a railway vehicle rotatably, it can be used also for supporting the axle of vehicles other than a railway vehicle like a motor vehicle, for example.

  Furthermore, it can be used for general purposes other than the support of the vehicle axle. It can also be used for double row combination rolling bearings.

  In the above embodiment, the cage 104 has been described as an example made of a synthetic resin composition. However, the material of the cage 104 is not limited to this, and for example, the cage 104 is made of a metal made of a copper alloy or the like. You may do it. That is, the rolling bearing bearing retainer according to the present invention includes a brass cage, an iron press cage, a synthetic resin cage, etc., but any material may be used.

(A) is a perspective view of the principal part of the thrust cylindrical roller bearing which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a front view of the principal part of the holder | retainer shown to (a), (C) is a perspective view of the principal part of the holder | retainer shown to (b), (d) is an enlarged view of the guide surface of the holder | retainer shown to (c). It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows the structure of the rolling bearing for railway vehicle axles of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a figure which shows the principal part of the railway vehicle by which the axle shaft was supported by the rolling bearing for railway vehicle axles of FIG. 2, (b) is an enlarged view of the guide surface of the retainer shown in FIG. is there.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thrust cylindrical roller bearing 2, 3 Annular plate 4 Roller 5 Cage 6 Pillar part 7 Pocket 8 Guide surface 10 Roller insertion part 14 Recess 20, 30 Track ring 40 Escape groove 101 Inner ring 102 Outer ring 103 Cylindrical roller 104 Cage 110 Rail vehicle Rolling bearing for axle 114 Recess 115 Axle

Claims (9)

In a rolling bearing retainer that holds a plurality of rolling elements interposed between a pair of opposed raceways in a freely rolling manner,
A rolling bearing retainer, wherein a plurality of minute dimple-shaped concave portions are provided on a sliding contact surface of the retainer with which the rolling element is in sliding contact. The rolling bearing cage is:
A pair of opposed annular plates;
A plurality of pillars provided between the annular plates, connecting the annular plates, and defining a plurality of pockets in which the rolling elements are accommodated, and
The rolling bearing retainer according to claim 1, wherein the annular plate and the column portion are integrally formed from one member.   The dimple-shaped minute recesses are provided on at least one of a guide surface on which the rolling element is slidably contacted or a surface on which the rolling element end surface is slidably contacted, among the surfaces of the cage that are in sliding contact with the rolling element. The cage for a rolling bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above.   The rolling bearing retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a solid lubricant is embedded in the dimple-shaped minute recess.   The rolling bearing retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a relief groove is formed at a corner of the pocket.   The pocket is connected at the corner by an arcuate surface that faces outward so that the guide surface of the cage with which the rolling element is in sliding contact and the surface of the cage with which the end surface of the rolling element is in sliding contact are smoothly continuous. The rolling bearing retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cage is for a rolling bearing.   A rolling bearing comprising the rolling bearing cage according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   The rolling bearing according to claim 7, wherein the rolling bearing is a roller bearing.   The rolling bearing according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the rolling bearing rotatably supports an axle of a railway vehicle.

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