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JP2007532118A - 電子式微粒化煙草 - Google Patents

電子式微粒化煙草 Download PDF

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JP2007532118A
JP2007532118A JP2007507644A JP2007507644A JP2007532118A JP 2007532118 A JP2007532118 A JP 2007532118A JP 2007507644 A JP2007507644 A JP 2007507644A JP 2007507644 A JP2007507644 A JP 2007507644A JP 2007532118 A JP2007532118 A JP 2007532118A
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力 ▲韓▼
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Abstract

本発明は、ニコチンだけを含み、有害なタールを含まない電子式微粒化煙草に関する。電子式微粒化煙草は、シェル(14)及びマウスピース(15)を含む。シェルの外壁には空気入口(4)が設けられている。電子回路基板(3)、常圧キャビティ(5)、センサ(6)、蒸気−液体セパレーター(7)、アトマイザー(9)、液体供給ボトル(11)がシェル内に順次設けられ、電子回路基板は、電子式スイッチング回路及び高周波振動子を含む。センサの流れ通路がセンサの一方の側に設けられ、負圧キャビティ(8)がセンサに設けられている。アトマイザー及び液体供給ボトルは互いに接触している。微粒化キャビティ(10)がアトマイザー内に配置されている。液体供給ボトルを係止する保持リング(13)が液体供給ボトルの一方の側とシェルとの間に設けられ、エアゾール通路(12)が液体供給ボトルの他方の側に設けられている。空気入口、常圧キャビティ、蒸気−液体セパレーター、アトマイザー、エアゾール通路、ガスベント(17)、及びマウスピースが順次相互連結されている。本発明の利点は、タールなしで喫煙を行うことであり、発癌の危険を大幅に減少する。更に、使用者は、あたかも喫煙しているように感じ、同じ興奮を経験し、煙草に火をつける必要がなく、火事の危険がない。

Description

本発明は、電子式煙草に関し、詳細には、ニコチンだけを含み、タールを含まない電子式微粒化煙草に関する。
「喫煙はあなたの健康にとって有害です」ということが一般に知られているにも拘わらず、世界中の喫煙者の数は10億人に達しており、この数は毎年増加している。2003年3月1日に、世界保健機構(WHO)は、煙草規制についての地球的枠組み会議で結論を得た。WHOからの統計的データによれば、喫煙により生じる疾病で毎年約490万人の人々が亡くなっている。喫煙は重篤な呼吸器系の疾病及び癌を引き起こすのにも拘わらず、喫煙者にとって喫煙を完全に止めるのはいまだに極めて困難である。
煙草の有効成分はニコチンである。喫煙中、煙草の燃焼によって発生するニコチンが多数のタールエアゾール液滴とともに喫煙者の肺胞に進入し、急速に吸収される。喫煙者の血中に吸収された後、ニコチンは喫煙者の中央神経系のレセプターにその効果を及ぼす。これにより、彼/彼女はリラックスし、興奮剤によってもたらされるのと同様の酩酊感を楽しむ。
ニコチンは低分子量のアルカロイドの一種であり、僅かな投与量のニコチンは人間の身体にとって基本的に無害であり、その血中での半減期は非常に短い。実際には、煙草中の主な有害物質はタールである。煙草内のタールは数千の成分を含み、そのうちの数十個が発癌性物質である。現在、非喫煙者にとって、受動喫煙が更に危険であるということがわかっている。
ニコチンだけを含み、タールを含まない幾つかの煙草代替物が提案されてきたが、これらのうちの多く、例えば「ニコチンパッチ」、「ニコチン洗口剤」、「推進剤が入った高圧ガスタンクにパッケージしたスプレー剤」、「ニコチンガム」、「ニコチン飲料」等は、純粋なニコチンを含有する。これらの煙草代替物はタールを全く含まないが、これらの代替物の主な欠点は、ニコチンの吸収が緩慢であるため、喫煙者の血中で有効ピーク濃度に達することができず、及びかくして喫煙者が真の喜びを得られないということである。更に、これらの煙草代替物は喫煙者の習慣的喫煙動作、例えば吸引動作即ち吸い込み動作を満足させることができず、及びかくして、喫煙を止めるための有効な代替物即ち煙草代替物として広く受け入れられていない。
上述の欠点を解決するため、本発明の目的は、喫煙を止めるための代替物及び煙草代替物として機能する電子式微粒化煙草を提供することである。
本発明の目的は、以下の技術的解決策により達成される。
本発明は、シェル、マウスピース、シェルの外壁に設けられた空気入口、電子回路基板、常圧キャビティ、センサ、蒸気−液体セパレーター、アトマイザー、シェル内に順次配置された液体供給ボトル、センサの一方の側に設けられた流れ通路、センサ内に設けられた負圧キャビティ、アトマイザー内に配置された微粒化キャビティ、液体供給ボトルの一方の側とシェルとの間に設けられた、液体供給ボトルを係止するための保持リング、及び液体供給ボトルの他方の側に設けられたエアゾール通路を含み、電子回路基板は、電子式スイッチング回路及び高周波振動子を含み、液体供給ボトルはアトマイザーと接触しており、空気入口、常圧キャビティ、蒸気−液体セパレーター、アトマイザー、エアゾール通路、ガスベント、及びマウスピースが順次相互連結されている。LED及び電池がシェル内の前端に設けられ、煙草ホルダ、葉巻、又はパイプの形状を集合的に形成する。
更に、ディスプレースクリーンがシェルの内壁に配置されており、手動クリーニング用マイクロスイッチがシェル内でセンサと並列に接続されており、センサとこのセンサ内の負圧キャビティとの間にリップルフィルムが設けられており、センサ内には、第1磁気鋼、第2磁気鋼、及び第1及び第2の磁気鋼間に連結されたリードスイッチが設けられており、第2磁気鋼はリップルフィルムに取り付けられており、シリコンゲルチェックバルブがセンサ内に設けられており、第3磁気鋼がシリコンゲルチェックバルブに設けられており、リードスイッチがバルブの外側に磁気鋼に近い方の側に設けられており、通孔が蒸気−液体セパレーターに配置されており、シリコンゲルチェックバルブが蒸気−液体セパレーターに設けられた通孔を覆い、オーバーフロー孔が微粒化キャビティの微粒化キャビティ壁に設けられ、加熱素子が微粒化キャビティ内に設けられ、長い空気流放出孔が加熱素子の一方の側に設けられ、多孔質体が微粒化キャビティ壁の外側周囲に配置されており、第1圧電素子がアトマイザーの一方の側に設けられ、及び膨出部がアトマイザーの他方の側に設けられており、第2圧電素子がアトマイザーに追加して設けられており、アトマイザーの多孔質体は、発泡ニッケル、ステンレス鋼ファイバフェルト、高分子ポリマーフォーム、及び発泡セラミックでできていてもよく、加熱素子は、プラチナ線や希土類元素を含むニクロム合金や鉄クロムアルミニウム合金製の線でできていてもよく、又は導電性セラミックス又はPTCセラミックスとともにシート形状に形成してもよく、微粒化キャビティ壁はアルミニウム酸化物又はセラミックスで形成されていてもよく、蒸気−液体セパレーターはプラスチック又はシリコンゴムで形成されており、溶液貯蔵多孔質体が液体供給ボトルに含まれ、この多孔質体は、ポリプロピレンファイバ、テリレンファイバ又はナイロンファイバ、又は発泡によって形成されたプラスチックで充填されており、別の態様では、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリプロピレン、ポリカーボネートによって、積層された層を持つカラムに型成形されてもよく、リードスイッチ、第1磁気鋼、及び第2磁気鋼、及びリップルフィルムの代わりに半導体歪ゲージを使用してもよく、歪ゲージは、シールフィルムを含み、センサのリップルフィルムの位置に設置される。
本発明は、更に、アトマイザーがシェル内で後方に置かれ、液体供給ボトルが蒸気−液体セパレーターとアトマイザーとの間に配置され、液体供給ボトルをアトマイザーに押し付けるばね部品が液体供給ボトルの一端に配置された、別の構造を持つ電子式微粒化煙草を開示する。
本発明の利点には、タールなしで喫煙を行い、発癌性の危険を大幅に減少することが含まれる。更に、使用者は、それでも、あたかも喫煙しているように感じ、同じ興奮を経験し、煙草に点火する必要がなく、火事の危険がない。
溶液貯蔵容器を僅かに変更するだけで、本発明の装置及び連結構造を、経肺投与装置用の従来の薬剤で充填できる。
添付図面を参照して本発明を以下に詳細に説明する。
第1実施形態
図1に示すように、本発明は、煙草ホルダ、葉巻、又はパイプのような形態をとることができる。シェル14の外壁に空気入口4が設けられている。LED1、電池2、電子回路基板3、常圧キャビティ5、センサ6、蒸気−液体セパレーター7、アトマイザー9、液体供給ボトル11、及びマウスピース15がこの順でシェル14内に設けられている。電子回路基板3は、電子式スイッチング回路及び高周波振動子を含む。図4に示すように、負圧キャビティ8がセンサ6に設けられている。この負圧キャビティは、リップル(波状)フィルム22によってセンサ6から間隔が隔てられている。センサ6には、更に、第1磁気鋼20、第2磁気鋼21、及びこれらの間に配置されたリードスイッチ19が設けられており、第2磁気鋼21がリップルフィルム22に取り付けられている。アトマイザー9は、膨出部36を介して液体供給ボトル11と接触しており、微粒化キャビティ10がアトマイザー9に設けられている。図6及び図7に示すように、微粒化キャビティ10の微粒化キャビティ壁25にはオーバーフロー孔29が設けられている。プラチナ線や希土類元素を含むニクロム合金や鉄クロムアルミニウム合金製の線でできていてもよい加熱素子26がキャビティ内に設けられている。加熱素子26は、導電性セラミックス又はPTCセラミックスを備えたシート形体に形成してもよい。加熱素子26とは反対側に放出孔が設けられており、この放出孔は、微粒化キャビティ壁25に使用される材料に応じて長い流れ放出孔24又は短い流れ放出孔30のいずれかを選択するように決定できる。長い流れ放出孔24は、0.1mm乃至1.3mmのスロット構造又は直径が0.2mm乃至1.3mmの円形の孔構造を持つ一つ又は複数の孔を使用できる。短い流れ放出孔30は、直径が約0.3mm乃至1.3mmである。微粒化キャビティ壁25は多孔質体27で取り囲まれており、この多孔質体27は、発泡ニッケル、ステンレス鋼ファイバフェルト、高分子ポリマーフォーム、及び発泡セラミックで形成されていてもよい。アトマイザー9には、更に、第1圧電素子23が設けられている。微粒化キャビティ壁25は、アルミニウム酸化物又はセラミックで形成されていてもよい。図9に示すように、蒸気−液体セパレーター7には通孔が設けられている。このセパレーターは、プラスチック又はシリコンゴムで形成されていてもよい。図11に示すように、液体供給ボトル11を係止するための保持リング13が液体供給ボトル11の一方の側とシェル14との間に設けられており、エアゾール通路12が液体供給ボトルの他方の側に設けられている。溶液貯蔵多孔質体28が液体供給ボトルに設けられており、これは、ポリプロピレンファイバ、テリレンファイバ又はナイロンファイバで充填されていてもよいし、発泡によって形成されたポリアミン樹脂フォームカラム又はポリプロピレンフォームカラム等のプラスチックで充填されていてもよく、変形例では、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリプロピレン、ポリカーボネートを、型成形によって、積層された層でできたスタックに形成したカラムによって形成されていてもよい。空気入口4、常圧キャビティ5、蒸気−液体セパレーター7、アトマイザー9、エアゾール通路12、ガスベント17、マウスピース15は、順次相互連結される。
図12の回路の機能的ダイヤグラムに示すように、K1はリードスイッチ19に関し、RLは加熱素子26に関し、LED1は発光ダイオード1に関し、U2は、リチウム電池が過剰放電しないように保護するために使用される低電圧検出素子に関し、M1は、第1圧電素子23に関し、C1、C2、R3、L1、C3、BG、M1は、集合的にコルピッツ振動子を構成する。回路の作動原理は以下の通りである。K1が閉じているとき、U1即ち電界効果パワートランジスタを付勢し、RLが始動し、コルピッツ振動子が発振を開始し、M1が機械的高周波振動波をアトマイザー9に提供し、微粒化を行う。
喫煙者が喫煙するとき、マウスピース15に負圧が作用し、常圧キャビティ5と負圧キャビティ8との間の空気圧の差又は高速の流れによりセンサ6が付勢信号を出力し、これに接続された電子回路基板3が作動状態になる。次に、センサ6のリップルフィルム22が変形し、第2磁気鋼21をリードスイッチ19から遠ざけ、次いでこのリードスイッチ19が第1磁気鋼20からの過剰の磁力線の作用で閉じ(即ちK1が閉じ)、電界効果パワートランジスタのスイッチングを開始する(即ちU1が開く)。高周波振動子は、周波数が550KHz乃至8MHzのコルピッツ振動子を使用してもよく、回路中の自動微調整素子がリング形体の第1圧電素子23と共振し、液体分子にエネルギを供給し、充電池2から電力が提供されることにより、LED1を点灯する。空気は、空気入口4を通って常圧キャビティ5に進入し、センサの空気通路18を通過し、次いで蒸気−液体セパレーター7の孔を通過し、アトマイザー9の微粒化キャビティ10に流入する。放出孔を通過する高速の流れにより、多孔質体27内のニコチン溶液が微粒化キャビティ10内に液滴の形態で放出され、ここで圧電素子23によってニコチン溶液に超音波微粒化作用が加えられ、加熱素子26によって更に細かくされる。微粒化後、大径の液滴は渦流の作用で壁にくっつき、オーバーフロー孔29を介して多孔質体27によって再吸収されるのに対し、小径の液滴は流れに浮き、エアゾールを形成する。これらのエアゾールは、エアゾール通路12、ガスベント17、及びマウスピース15を介して吸い出される。液体供給ボトル11の溶液貯蔵多孔質体28は、アトマイザー9の膨出部36と接触し、これによって、毛管浸透液体供給を行う。
マウスピース15にはねじ山が設けられている。液体供給ボトル11内のニコチン溶液を消費し終えたとき、使用者はマウスピース15を捩じって外し、液体供給ボトル11を取り外し、液体供給ボトル11をニコチン溶液で再充填し、液体供給ボトル11をシェル14に再び入れ、次いでマウスピース15を螺着する。
リードスイッチ19、第1磁気鋼20、第2磁気鋼21、リップルフィルム22の代わりにシールされたフィルムを備えた半導体歪ゲージを使用してもよい。これは、センサのリップルフィルムの代わりに取り付けられる。
設計を簡単にするため、アトマイザー9の第1圧電素子23を省略し、ニコチン溶液の微粒化を加熱素子26だけで行ってもよい。このようなアトマイザーは小型化でき、電子式微粒化煙草全体の連結部の構造は、第1実施形態と同じである。更に、図8に示すように、アトマイザー9の第1圧電素子23及び加熱素子26を省略し、単一の層又は複数の積層した層を持つプラテンの形体の第2圧電素子35を微粒化キャビティに追加して配置してもよい。放出孔を通過する流れは、第2圧電素子35の中央の焦点を振動し、強力な超音波微粒化を行う。
図10に示すように、シリコンゲルチェックバルブ31が蒸気−液体セパレーター7の通孔の外側を覆っていてもよい。喫煙中、流れは通孔に達し、通孔の空気圧が増大したときにシリコンゲルチェックバルブ31が開放し、流れが通過するか或いは、シリコンゲルチェックバルブ31が閉鎖する。
図5に示すように、センサ6は、シリコンゲルチェックバルブ31を含む構造内に設計されていてもよい。喫煙中、流れがシリコンゲルチェックバルブ31に来入し、圧力が増大し、空気が膨張し、リードスイッチが閉じて回路が付勢されるまでバルブの第3磁気鋼34がリードスイッチ19に徐々に近づき、シリコンゲルチェックバルブ31の出口が圧力差の増大に従って開放する。リードスイッチ19は、ホール装置、又はマグネトダイオード又はマグネトトリオードでできていてもよい。
第2実施形態
図2に示すように、液体供給状態を改善するため、アトマイザー9をシェル14内で後方に置き、液体供給ボトル11を蒸気−液体セパレーター7とアトマイザー9との間に配置する。液体供給ボトル11をアトマイザー9に押し付けるためのばね部品33が液体供給ボトル11の一端に設けられている。この他の構成要素及びそれらの機能は、第1実施形態におけるのと同じである。
第1及び第2の実施形態で説明した電子式微粒化煙草のシェル14の内壁には、一日当たりの喫煙量及び電池の容量を示すためのデジタルディスプレースクリーン32が設けられていてもよい。センサ6は、吸引力と比例した線型信号出力を使用し(即ち、強く吸えば吸う程、作動時間が長くなる)、アトマイザー9は線型モードで作動し、これによって、通常の煙草と同様の外観を持つ、人が求める煙草に似せる。
シェル14内で、マイクロスイッチ16がセンサ6に並列に接続されており、手作業によるクリーニングに使用される。使用者は、喫煙していないとき、マイクロスイッチ16を押してこのスイッチに並列に接続されたセンサを始動し、シェル14内の残滓又は他の不純物を除去する。
微粒化を行うためのニコチン溶液は、ニコチンを0.4%乃至3.5%、煙草香料を0.05%乃至2%、有機酸を0.1%乃至3.1%、酸化防止剤を0.1%乃至0.5%含有し、残りは1,2−プロピレングリコールである。
本発明による全体構造の概略図である。 本発明による別の全体構造の概略図である。 ディスプレースクリーンを持つ本発明による全体構造の概略図である。 本発明によるセンサの構造図である。 本発明によるシリコンゲルチェックバルブを持つセンサの構造図である。 本発明によるアトマイザーの構造図である。 本発明によるアトマイザーのセラミック部材の構造図である。 本発明による別のアトマイザーの構造図である。 本発明による蒸気−液体セパレーターの構造図である。 本発明による別の蒸気−液体セパレーターの構造図である。 本発明による液体供給ボトル及びマウスピースの連結部の構造図である。 本発明による回路の機能図である。

Claims (15)

  1. シェル及びマウスピースを含む電子式微粒化煙草において、
    空気入口(4)が前記シェル(14)の外壁に設けられており、
    電子回路基板(3)、常圧キャビティ(5)、センサ(6)、蒸気−液体セパレーター(7)、アトマイザー(9)、液体供給ボトル(11)が、前記シェル(14)内に順次配置されており、
    前記電子回路基板(3)は電子式スイッチング回路及び高周波振動子を含み、
    流れ通路(18)が前記センサ(6)の一方の側に設けられ、前記シェル(14)の内壁まで延びており、前記センサ(6)には負圧キャビティ(8)が設けられており、
    微粒化キャビティ(10)が前記アトマイザー(9)内に配置されており、このアトマイザー(9)は、前記液体供給ボトル(11)と接触しており且つ前記シェル(14)から間隔が隔てられた状態に保持され、
    前記液体供給ボトル(11)を係止するための保持リング(13)が前記シェル(14)と前記液体供給ボトル(11)の一方の側との間に設けられ、前記液体供給ボトル(11)の他方の側にはエアゾール通路(12)が設けられており、
    前記空気入口(4)、常圧キャビティ(5)、センサ(6)、蒸気−液体セパレーター(7)、アトマイザー(9)、エアゾール通路(12)、ガスベント(17)、及びマウスピース(15)は、順次相互連結されており、
    発光ダイオード(LED1)及び電池(2)が前記シェル(14)内の前端に設けられ、これらが一体となって煙草ホルダ、葉巻、又はパイプの形状を形成する、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  2. 請求項1に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    前記アトマイザー(9)は前記シェル(14)内で後方に配置されており、
    前記液体供給ボトル(11)は、前記蒸気−液体セパレーター(7)と前記アトマイザー(9)との間に配置されており、
    前記液体供給ボトル(11)を前記アトマイザー(9)にきつく押し付けるために、ばね部品(33)が前記液体供給ボトル(11)の一端に配置されている、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  3. 請求項1又は2に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、ディスプレースクリーン(32)が、前記シェル(14)の内壁に配置され且つ電子回路基板(3)に連結されている、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  4. 請求項1又は2に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、手動クリーニング用マイクロスイッチ(16)が前記シェル(14)内で前記センサ(6)と並列に接続されている、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  5. 請求項1又は2に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    前記センサ(6)とこのセンサ(6)内の前記負圧キャビティ(8)との間にリップルフィルム(22)が設けられており、
    前記センサ(6)内には、第1磁気鋼(20)、第2磁気鋼(21)、及び第1及び第2の磁気鋼間に連結されたリードスイッチ(K1)が設けられており、前記第2磁気鋼(21)は前記リップルフィルム(22)に取り付けられている、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  6. 請求項1又は2に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    シリコンゲルチェックバルブ(31)が前記センサ(6)内に設けられており、
    第3磁気鋼(34)が前記シリコンゲルチェックバルブ(31)内に設けられており、
    リードスイッチ(K1)が前記バルブの外側に前記第3磁気鋼に近い側に設けられている、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  7. 請求項1又は2に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    通孔が前記蒸気−液体セパレーター(7)に配置されている、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  8. 請求項7に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    シリコンゲルチェックバルブ(31)が前記蒸気−液体セパレーター(7)の前記通孔の外側を覆う、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  9. 請求項1又は2に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    オーバーフロー孔(29)が前記微粒化キャビティ(10)の微粒化キャビティ壁(25)に配置されており、
    加熱素子(RL)が前記微粒化キャビティ(10)内に設けられ、
    第1空気流放出孔(24)が前記加熱素子(RL)の一方の側に設けられ、及び
    多孔質体(27)が微粒化キャビティ壁(25)の外側周囲に配置されており、
    第1圧電素子(M1)が前記アトマイザー(9)の一方の側に設けられ、
    膨出部(36)が前記アトマイザー(9)の他方の側に設けられている、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  10. 請求項1又は2に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    前記アトマイザー(9)には第2圧電素子(35)が追加して設けられている、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  11. 請求項9に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    前記アトマイザー(9)の前記多孔質体(27)は、発泡ニッケル、ステンレス鋼ファイバフェルト、高分子ポリマーフォーム、及び発泡セラミックでできていてもよく、
    前記加熱素子(RL)は、プラチナ線、希土類元素を含むニクロム合金又は鉄クロムアルミニウム合金製の線でできていてもよく、シート形状に形成でき、
    前記微粒化キャビティ壁(25)はアルミニウム酸化物又はセラミックスで形成されていてもよい、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  12. 請求項7に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    前記蒸気−液体セパレーター(7)はプラスチック又はシリコンゴムで形成されている、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  13. 請求項1又は2に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    溶液貯蔵多孔質体(28)が前記液体供給ボトル(11)内に設けられており、前記多孔質体(28)は、ポリプロピレンファイバ、テリレンファイバ又はナイロンファイバ、又は発泡によって形成されたプラスチックで充填されており、又はポリ塩化ビニル、ポリプロピレン、ポリカーボネートによって、積層された層を持つカラムに型成形される、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  14. 請求項5に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    前記リードスイッチ(K1)、前記第1磁気鋼(20)、及び前記第2磁気鋼(21)、及び前記リップルフィルム(22)を、半導体歪ゲージと置き換えても良く、歪ゲージは、シールフィルムを含み且つ前記センサの前記リップルフィルムの位置に設置される、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
  15. 請求項1又は2に記載の電子式微粒化煙草において、
    前記液体供給ボトル(11)に注入されて、微粒化に使用するためのニコチン溶液は、ニコチンを0.4%乃至3.5%、煙草香料を0.05%乃至2%、有機酸を0.1%乃至3.1%、酸化防止剤を0.1%乃至0.5%含有し、残りは1,2−プロピレングリコールである、ことを特徴とする電子式微粒化煙草。
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