JP2006112087A - Elevated tsunami shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable residents near the coast to evacuate quickly when a tsunami occurs, and to easily evacuate even elderly people and children, etc. To provide an elevated tsunami shelter that can supply necessary supplies such as food and can evacuate to another safe place in an emergency.
A tsunami refuge comprising a strut driven into the ground, a refuge supported by the strut at a predetermined height above the ground, and an elevating means capable of moving between the ground surface and the refuge In this case, the elevating means is an elevated tsunami shelter composed of stairs and gondola.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a tsunami refuge for evacuation when a tsunami occurs, and more specifically, has a plurality of elevating means connecting an evacuation platform provided on an overpass to the ground surface, even for elderly people, children, etc. It relates to an elevated tsunami shelter where evacuation is possible.

Japan is one of the most earthquake-prone countries in the world, and the reality is that there are many victims who lose their precious lives due to earthquakes every year.
Many of the victims of an earthquake lose their lives due to the collapse of the building itself, such as the collapse of a building, but as seen in the example of the Okushirijima-oki earthquake in Hokkaido, they are rarely affected by tsunamis caused by the earthquake. It is also true that many victims lose their lives.

Currently, when a tsunami occurs, it is common to evacuate to evacuation facilities such as schools and public halls on high grounds designated in advance by local governments.
However, since the tsunami is traveling at a very high speed, there is a big problem that if the evacuation facility is far from the coast, the residents near the coast may not be able to evacuate in time. However, in spite of this, in Japan, there is actually no tsunami shelter near the coast.

In view of such circumstances, a facility for tsunami evacuation installed near the coast is disclosed in Patent Document 1 below.
The technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a base portion configured in a pier shape by driving a metal pillar material into the ground, and an indoor portion of a high floor configured by a metal panel on the pier base portion. This is a high-floor metal building, which is certainly excellent in that it enables quick evacuation of residents near the coast in the event of a tsunami.

However, the building of this disclosed technology has a structure in which the indoor portion is provided at a considerably high position from the ground surface so that evacuees are not exposed to the tsunami, but the ground surface is moved to the indoor portion of the high floor. Since the means for climbing is limited to stairs, it was difficult to evacuate quickly, and there was a high risk of being caught in a tsunami during evacuation.
Especially for elderly people, women, children, etc., who have weak legs, it is very difficult to evacuate to a high indoor area by going up long stairs, and they are trapped in a tsunami during the evacuation. There was a great risk of losing. In addition, when the tide level rises and the stairs are flooded, it may be difficult to evacuate up the stairs.
In addition, even after the evacuation is completed, it is difficult to supply necessary supplies such as food to the evacuees at high altitudes, and they cannot leave the shelter until the tsunami has subsided. He had to spend anxiety, and in some cases he was at risk despite being evacuated due to a tsunami higher than expected.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-184323

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and it is possible for residents near the coast to evacuate quickly when a tsunami occurs. Elevated type that can easily and quickly evacuate, can supply necessary supplies such as food to evacuees in high places, and can evacuate to another safe place in an emergency Provide a tsunami shelter.

  The invention according to claim 1 includes a column driven into the ground, an evacuation platform supported by the column at a predetermined height on the ground, and an elevating unit that enables the ground surface and the evacuation platform to go back and forth. The elevated tsunami refuge is characterized in that the elevating means comprises a stairs and a gondola.

The invention according to claim 2 relates to the elevated tsunami shelter according to claim 1, wherein a roof supported by the support column is provided above the refuge.
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that a stairway for moving from the refuge to the upper surface of the roof is provided, and a heliport is provided on the upper surface of the roof. About Shiki Tsunami Shelter.

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the evacuation platform is provided with an injector that injects a floating rope by high-pressure aerodynamic force or explosive explosive force. About Shiki Tsunami Shelter.
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that a dam plate erection device is provided on the evacuation platform, which erects a dam plate in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the tsunami. Regarding the listed elevated tsunami shelter.
The invention according to claim 6 relates to the elevated tsunami refuge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a windshield device is provided around the evacuation stand so that a cloth or a plate is stretched around.

According to the invention according to claim 1, by being installed near the coast, it is possible for residents near the coast to evacuate quickly when a tsunami occurs, and to move between the ground surface and the refuge. Because the elevating means consists of stairs and gondola, even elderly people and children who are unable to evacuate quickly to the evacuation shelter at high places can easily and quickly evacuate to the evacuation shelter by the gondola. Is possible. In addition, since men and the like who are physically strong can evacuate to the refuge using the stairs normally, a large number of refugees can be evacuated quickly onto the refuge.
Even if it becomes difficult to evacuate by stairs due to the rise of the tide level and the inundation of the stairs, it is possible to evacuate with a gondola.
Furthermore, by using a gondola, it becomes possible to easily supply necessary supplies such as food from the outside to evacuees in high places.

According to the invention according to claim 2, since the roof supported by the support is provided above the refuge, the roof can block the rain and rain, and the residents evacuated on the refuge are exposed to the rain and rain. Is prevented.
According to the invention according to claim 3, since the stairway for moving from the refuge to the upper surface of the roof is provided, and the heliport is provided on the upper surface of the roof, the refuge is used when the tsunami is very high. If there is a possibility of danger in spite of evacuation, or if a sick person or an injured person occurs in the refugee, it can be quickly transported to another place by a helicopter and rescued.

According to the invention according to claim 4, since the floated rope can be sprayed far away, the refuge cannot be reached by the time of the tsunami, and it is close to a person who is isolated on the coast or on the sea surface. A floating rope can be delivered, and it can be rescued by grabbing it.
According to the invention according to claim 5, by installing a dam plate in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the tsunami on the evacuation platform, even when the tsunami hits the evacuation platform, the refugee is exposed or wet. Can be prevented.
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 6, an evacuee can be protected from the cold wind which blows on a refuge by extending a cloth or a board around the refuge.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of an elevated tsunami shelter according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a front view of a tsunami refuge according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the tsunami refuge according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the tsunami refuge according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG.
The tsunami shelter according to the present invention includes a column (1) driven into the ground, an evacuation platform (2) supported by the column (1) at a predetermined height above the ground, and the evacuation platform (2). It is comprised from the roof (3) provided above, and the raising / lowering means which enables the ground surface (G) and the said refuge table (2) to come and go.

The column (1) is for fixing and supporting the refuge (2) and the roof (3) at a predetermined height on the ground. In the illustrated example, the refuge (2) and the roof (3) are four. It is supported by the support | pillar (1). In addition, the number of support | pillars (1) is not specifically limited, It is also possible to increase according to the area and weight of a refuge (2) and a roof (3).
This support | pillar (1) is comprised from the pile driven into the grounds, such as a steel pipe pile, and is driven to the depth which reaches | attains stable layers (A), such as an underground bedrock. As a result, even if it is on unstable ground, it can be erected stably and will not easily collapse due to an earthquake or the like.

The refuge (2) is a pedestal for evacuating nearby residents who have fled due to the occurrence of a tsunami, and is fixed at a predetermined height above the column (1).
The height at which the evacuation platform (2) is fixed is not particularly limited as long as it is a height that is not flooded by the tsunami, and can be, for example, about 10 m from the ground surface.

The refuge (2) is an arbitrary fixing such as welding a plate (22) such as an iron plate or steel plate on the upper part of a frame (21) formed by combining a plurality of steel materials such as H-shaped steel and channel steel vertically and horizontally. It is constituted by fixing by means, and has a flat upper surface having a size (for example, about 10 m long × 15 m wide) that allows a large number of evacuees to climb at once.
And the handrail (23) is provided in the outer peripheral part of the refuge stand (2) over the perimeter in order to eliminate the danger that an refugee will fall accidentally.
On the top surface of the refuge (2), as shown in FIG. 4, a generator (4) for supplying power to a gondola, which will be described later, and a storage for storing water and food for the refugees to eat and drink A tank (5) is provided. In addition, on the upper surface of the evacuation platform (2), an evacuation equipment storage tank storing evacuation equipment such as tents, blankets, curtains, flashlights, medicines, toilets, kitchenettes, lifeboats, and the like can be provided.

The roof (3) is provided to prevent the evacuees who have evacuated from the refuge (2) from being exposed to the wind and rain and the sun. The roof (3) is located above the refuge (2) at a predetermined distance from the refuge. It is provided with a gap.
The size of the roof (3) is larger than the evacuation table (2) in both vertical and horizontal lengths (for example, about 11 m in length x 16 m in width). Can be effectively prevented from being exposed to sunlight.
The distance (vertical distance) between the refuge (2) and the roof (3) is not particularly limited as long as it is higher than the height of the refugee on the refuge, but if it is too high, the effect of blocking wind and rain is inferior. Therefore, it is preferably about 2 to 3 m.

Between the refuge (2) and the roof (3), there is a stairs (6) for moving from the refuge (2) to the upper surface of the roof (3), and the upper surface of the roof (3). Is provided with an entrance / exit (32) to a stairs (6) that can be opened and closed, and a heliport (7) from which a helicopter can take off and land.
Thereby, the evacuees who are on the refuge (2) can move through the stairs (6) from the doorway (32) to the heliport (7) on the top surface of the roof (3). Therefore, when there is a possibility that the evacuees may be in danger despite the evacuation to the refuge (2), such as when the tsunami is higher than expected, or when there are sick or injured persons Can be rescued by helicopter.
Further, a handrail (31) is provided on the outer periphery of the roof (3) over the entire circumference in order to eliminate the risk of the refugees falling accidentally.

In the tsunami evacuation site according to the present invention, two different types of lifting / lowering means, that is, a staircase (8) and a gondola (9), are provided as the lifting / lowering means capable of moving between the ground surface (G) and the refuge (2). ing.
Two stairs (8) are provided along the left and right support columns (1), respectively, so that they can go up to the refuge (2) from two directions at the same time.
The gondola (9) is suspended by a rope from a support frame (10) attached to one side of the roof (3), and is configured to move up and down using electric power supplied from the generator (4) as a power source. Has been.
Specifically, the gondola (9) can be moved up and down by driving the winch attached to the gondola (9) or the support frame (10) to wind or unwind the rope. . The winch drive switch is preferably provided in the gondola (9).

The gondola (9) is on the ground surface (G) as indicated by the solid line in FIG. 1 at the lowest position, and is at the same height as the refuge (2) as indicated by the virtual line in FIG. Thereby, the evacuee can get on the gondola (9) and evacuate quickly from the ground surface (G) to the refuge (2).
It is also possible to deliver relief supplies such as food, water, and medicines to the evacuees on the refuge (2) on the gondola (9).

When only the stairs (8) are provided as lifting means, elderly people with weak bodies, children, sick people, etc. go up the long stairs (8) and have a shelter (about 10m high) Since it is difficult to evacuate quickly to 2), there is a risk of being exposed to a tsunami during the evacuation.
On the other hand, when only the gondola (9) is provided as the lifting means, the number of people that can be carried at once by the gondola (9) is limited, and the gondola that repeats rising and lowering has a large time loss, If a large number of people go to the evacuation center at the same time, there is a risk that the evacuation in the gondola will not be in time and the tsunami will be exposed.

In the present invention, since the staircase (8) and the gondola (9) are provided, an elderly person who is difficult to evacuate on the staircase (8) can quickly use the gondola (9). Men who are able to evacuate and can be evacuated to the refuge (2) using the stairs (8) ordinarily can evacuate many evacuees quickly. Is possible.
Even when the stairs (8) are flooded and it is difficult to evacuate by the stairs, the gondola (9) can float on the water, so the evacuation by the gondola (9) is possible.

In the present invention, the highest position of the gondola (9) may be the same as or slightly lower than the roof (3). In this case, the evacuees can go directly from the ground surface (G) to the heliport (7) on the roof (3), and in case of urgency, quickly evacuate to a safe place by a helicopter. It becomes possible to do. It is also possible to ride the gondola (9) from the refuge (2) to the heliport (7).
In addition, although only one gondola (9) is provided in the illustrated example, two or more gondolas (9) can be provided. When two or more gondola (9) are provided, many people can go to the refuge (2) at a time. This is preferable because it can be carried.

  Since the tsunami shelter according to the present invention is in a state where the refuge (2) is fixed at a high position, it is particularly effective if it is installed near the coast where a high tsunami rushes.

Furthermore, in the tsunami shelter according to the present invention, an injector (not shown) for injecting a floating rope by high-pressure aerodynamic force or explosive explosive force can be provided on the refuge (2).
The injector has a configuration in which a rope is tied to a float such as a floating ring or polystyrene foam, and this is injected through a cylindrical body such as a cannon by high-pressure aerodynamic force or explosive explosive force.
By providing such an injector, it is possible to inject a floating rope far away, so it is not possible to reach the refuge by the time of the tsunami, and close to those who are isolated on the coast or on the sea surface A floating rope can be delivered, and it can be rescued by grabbing it.

Moreover, a dam plate erecting device (not shown) for erected a dam plate in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the tsunami can be provided on the refuge platform (2).
The dam plate standing device is a device that automatically stands the dam plate along the outer edge of the refuge (2).
Although the specific configuration is not particularly limited, for example, a plurality of vertical rails are provided at equal intervals on the outer edge surface of the refuge (2), and the upper end of the rail reaches a certain height from the refuge. A configuration in which a dam plate with rollers attached to the left and right side surfaces is arranged between two rails so as to be movable up and down along the rails can be adopted. In this case, the lower ends of the rails are connected by a horizontal stopper so that the barrier plate does not fall off the rail.
In this case, the wall is lifted along the rail by rotating the roller by an electric motor or by pushing up the barrier by hydraulic, hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders, and is a wall standing up along the outer edge of the refuge (2) Is formed.
By providing such a weir plate erection device, it is possible to prevent the evacuees from being exposed or wet even when a tsunami hits the refuge.

Furthermore, a windshield device (not shown) that stretches a cloth or a plate around the refuge (2) can be provided.
Although the specific configuration of the windshield device is not particularly limited, for example, two rails are attached in parallel along the vertical direction of the handrail (23) or along the horizontal direction, and a cloth or a plurality of plates are attached along this rail. Can be moved. A rail may be provided separately from the handrail.
When the cloth is provided, a roller that rolls while engaging with the groove of the rail along the edges of the upper and lower sides of the cloth (when the rail is in the horizontal direction) or the left and right sides (when the rail is in the vertical direction) is attached. As it moves along the groove of the rail, the cloth can be stretched around the refuge along the handrail (23) just like the curtain closes along the curtain rail.
When a plate is provided, a plurality of grooves are provided in parallel in the rail, and a roller that rolls while engaging with the groove of the rail along the upper and lower sides or the left and right sides of the plate is attached. When moving along the groove, the plurality of plates can be stretched around the refuge along the handrail (23) so that the shutter is just closed.
In either case, automatic opening and closing is possible when the roller is driven by an electric motor or the like.
By providing such a windshield device, it is possible to protect the evacuees from the cold wind blown on the evacuation platform by spreading a cloth or a plate around the evacuation platform.

  The present invention is used as a shelter when a tsunami occurs by being installed near the coast.

It is a front view of the tsunami refuge which concerns on this invention. It is a side view of the tsunami refuge which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the tsunami refuge which concerns on this invention. It is an AA arrow directional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Prop 2 Evacuation platform 3 Roof 6 Stair 7 Heliport 8 Stair 9 Gondola G Ground surface

Claims (6)

  A tsunami evacuation site comprising a column driven into the ground, an evacuation platform supported by the column at a predetermined height on the ground, and an elevating means capable of moving between the ground surface and the evacuation platform, An elevated tsunami shelter characterized in that the elevating means comprises a staircase and a gondola.   The elevated tsunami shelter according to claim 1, wherein a roof supported by the support column is provided above the refuge.   The elevated tsunami shelter according to claim 2, wherein a stairway for moving from the refuge to the upper surface of the roof is provided, and a heliport is provided on the upper surface of the roof.   The elevated tsunami shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the evacuation base is provided with an injector that injects a floating rope by high-pressure aerodynamic force or explosive explosive force.   The elevated tsunami refuge according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a dam plate erecting device is provided on the evacuation stand to erect a dam plate in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the tsunami. .   The elevated tsunami shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a windshield device that stretches a cloth or a plate around the refuge.

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