JP2013163961A - Evacuation device for emergency such as tsunami/flood - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an evacuation device which allows safe and sure evacuation from emergency such as tsunami, flood or the like by an elevation type which is simply configured and can be immediately executed without depending only on a tower type tsunami evacuation device, in particular the evacuation device which allows getting on an evacuation place immediately from the ground without the need of climbing stairs to an evacuation stage that is set high as in the tower type tsunami evacuation device.SOLUTION: An evacuation device includes an evacuation housing body and an elevation mechanism for elevatably supporting the evacuation housing body, and the elevation is performed by elevation driving means.

Description

  The present invention relates to an emergency evacuation device such as a tsunami or flood.

  Prior to the recent tsunami attack of the Great East Japan Earthquake, the following tsunami evacuation devices have been proposed.

  JP2008-14112

  According to the tsunami evacuation device disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is possible to evacuate and be saved from the tsunami, but the tsunami that occurred in the Great East Japan Earthquake greatly exceeded the assumption and there was also land subsidence, and 20m There was also a place beyond. From this point of view, the height of the tsunami evacuation device (tower) tends to be reconsidered. However, simply increasing the height tends to increase the load on the device more than expected, so the limits are becoming apparent. Currently.

  The present invention is intended to solve such problems, and a safe and secure evacuation from an emergency such as a tsunami or flood by a lifting type that can be implemented immediately with a simple configuration without relying only on a tower type tsunami evacuation device. An object of the present invention is to provide an evacuation device that makes it possible. In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide an evacuation device that eliminates the need to climb up to a high evacuation stage as in a tower-type tsunami evacuation device and can board the evacuation site immediately from the ground.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 1 includes an evacuation container and an elevating mechanism that supports the evacuation container so that the evacuation container can be moved up and down, and the elevating mechanism is used to raise and lower the evacuation container. I made it.
The invention described in claim 2 has an evacuation container and an elevating mechanism that supports the evacuation container so as to be movable up and down, and the elevating mechanism is moved up and down using a flow force such as a tsunami or flood.

  As described above, the present invention has the evacuation container and the lifting mechanism that supports the evacuation container so that it can be moved up and down. The elevating device that can be implemented immediately without relying on it can provide an evacuation device that enables safe and secure evacuation from an emergency such as a tsunami or flood, especially as in the tower type tsunami evacuation device It is possible to provide an evacuation device that eliminates the need to use stairs to climb to a high evacuation stage and can board the evacuation site immediately from the ground.

  The top view of FIG. 2 which shows evacuation apparatuses, such as a tsunami, which shows one Embodiment of this invention.   The side view of FIG.   The block diagram of fluid pressure control circuits, such as oil pressure, water pressure, or air pressure.   The front view which shows other embodiment.   The front view which shows other embodiment.   The front view which shows the mode of the action | operation of FIG.   The front view which shows other embodiment.   The front view which shows other embodiment.   FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 8.   III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The principal part expanded sectional view of FIG.   II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The perspective view which shows other embodiment.   FIG. 14 is a front view of FIG. 13.   The top view of FIG.   The front view of FIG.   The front view which shows embodiment of evacuation apparatuses, such as other tsunami.   The side view of evacuation devices, such as the tsunami of FIG.   The side view which shows embodiment of evacuation apparatuses, such as other tsunami.   The front view which shows other embodiment of FIG.   The front view which shows other embodiment of FIG.   The top view of FIG. 23 which shows embodiment of other evacuation apparatuses, such as tsunami.   The front view of evacuation devices, such as the tsunami of FIG.   The front view of other evacuation devices, such as a tsunami.   FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing a modification of part of FIG. 24.   The IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 27 which shows other embodiment.   The right view of FIG.   The top view of FIG. 29 which shows other embodiment.   The front view of FIG.   The top view of FIG. 31 which shows other embodiment.   The VV sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The top view of FIG. 33 which shows other embodiment.   FIG. 33 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 32.   The side view of evacuation apparatuses, such as a tsunami, which shows other embodiment.   The sectional side view which shows other embodiment of FIG.   The top view of FIG. 37 which shows other embodiment.   The front view of FIG.   The top view which shows other embodiment of FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Each plan described in each embodiment can be applied to other related embodiments.
1 and 2 show an embodiment of a tsunami (or flood) evacuation device. Reference numeral 1 denotes the ground, which is the ground where there is a risk of a tsunami current + X intrusion, such as near the coast or river, and in the right place. Is provided with a concrete (RC) substrate 2 having a substantially rectangular plane. In the plan view of FIG. 1, the base 2 has a wide surface in which the top and bottom (width) of the figure is about 20 m and the left and right (depth) of the figure is 30 to 50 m. This dimension is not limited and may be wider or narrower.

  On the base 2, a lower fixed fulcrum shaft 3A with a bracket is disposed at a position corresponding to the left side of FIG. 1, and a lower guide rail 4B parallel to the position corresponding to the upper and lower sides of the right side of FIG. . Above the base 2, there is provided a rectangular lifting platform 5 made of, for example, a channel steel material or an aluminum alloy material, which is lightweight and strong as shown in the upper right of FIG. In order to generate buoyancy, upper and lower surfaces of the table 5 may be provided with a closing plate to form a hollow type. An evacuation container 6 that surrounds the four sides is provided on the lifting platform 5, and the evacuation container 6 in this case has an open mesh shape, but is shown in the right column of FIG. Thus, it may be formed in a watertight solid. Reference numeral 7 denotes an evacuation door, and 8 denotes an ascending / descending means that is an evacuation slope (or stairs). The ascending / descending means 8 may be moved up and down together with the lifting platform 5 or may be fixed on the base 2. 9 in the right column of FIG. 2 is a ventilation means.

  A pair of upper fixed fulcrum shafts 3 </ b> B with a pair of brackets and a pair of upper guide rails 4 </ b> A are provided on the bottom surface of the lifting platform 5 in the left-right width direction. Reference numeral 13 denotes a connecting fulcrum shaft that connects two links 14A and 14B in the X shape on the left and right sides in the width direction and connects between the link sets 14A and 14B that are separated on the left and right. Each of the links 14A and 14B includes rollers 16B and 16A that can move horizontally within the guide rails 4 and 12, and the left and right rollers 16A and 16B are connected to each other by roller shafts 17A and 17B as shown in FIG. Yes. One end of the link 14A is set between the lower fixed fulcrum 3 and the upper guide rail 12, and the other end of the other link 14B is set between the upper fixed fulcrum 11 and the lower guide rail 4. Here, the links 14A, 14B, the fulcrums 3A, 3B, 13, the rollers 16A, 16B, the guide rails 4A, 4B, etc. constitute an elevating mechanism.

The lifting drive means includes a hydraulic (or hydraulic) cylinder 19 installed on the base 2. The base portion of the cylinder 19 is fixed on the concrete base 2, while the tip portion is connected around the roller shaft 17B to push the roller 16B within the lower guide rail 4B as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. ing. Reference numeral 20 denotes an oil tank. Reference numeral 21 denotes an ascending / descending means corresponding to the evacuation door 7, which is formed of a slope, and is fixed on the base 2 side or mounted on the lifting platform 5 so that it can be lifted / lowered simultaneously. The ascending / descending means 21 is arranged in a plane along the four sides of the lifting platform 5, but one of them may be arranged, or a plurality thereof may be arranged as appropriate on the side. The climbing means 21 may be of a type in which a staircase or a slope, or a single staircase and a slope are attached to a climbing frame (the same applies to the following embodiments).
In addition, 23 is protective means, such as a steel sheet pile, a steel pipe pile, or a concrete wall, and is installed in the wide shape before and behind the base | substrate 2 corresponded before and behind an evacuation apparatus (this protection means 23 is the same also in other embodiment). May be adopted). The protective means 23 shown in the figure is continuously arranged such that the upper part of the steel sheet pile projects into the ground by placing the steel sheet pile on the ground 1, but only a part of the upper end projects into the ground or is embedded below the ground. It may be shaped. This protective means 23 is used to prevent the ground 1 and the base 2 from being damaged by the tsunami flow + X (including the pulling wave), and to increase the evacuation time of the evacuees while the tsunami flow + X strikes or drive the device up It is for making time. The sheet piles can be arranged continuously or can be driven at intervals. The protective means 23 can be arranged in a mountain shape so that the tsunami flow + X is divided into left and right. Further, a shock-absorbing measure such as a spring or rubber can be provided on the base 2 side or the lifting platform 5 side, and this can be similarly applied to the following embodiments.

  When a tsunami attack is warned, evacuees will be aware of it, gathered at this evacuation device, and ascended and evacuated immediately using climbing means 21 set low around 1 to 3 m as shown in FIG. By opening the door 7, it is possible to evacuate to the evacuation stage 10 on the lifting platform 5 in the evacuation container 6. When evacuees gather after a certain period of time or when the tsunami attack time approaches, the hydraulic cylinder 19 is driven from the base 5 or remotely or manually under the base 5. In the cylinder 19, the roller 16B is driven along the lower guide rail 4B by pushing out the roller shaft 17B. As a result, the lifting mechanism rises greatly as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 2 to raise the lifting platform 5 and the evacuation container 6. Lift up to 10-20m. This protects the evacuees from the tsunami current + X attack. The lift 5 is maintained at its raised height by the height lock function by the lock cylinder 24. Evacuees are protected from the pulling waves. If this lock is released and the cylinder 19 is operated, the elevator 5 is lowered and the evacuees can return to the ground. In the evacuation container 6, an evacuation ladder for an emergency can be provided, or an emergency food can be provided. A simple stockpile for that purpose may be provided on the lifting platform 5. Further, the cylinder 19 may be arranged below the lifting platform 5 so that the pulling direction is the driving direction, as indicated by a virtual line in FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for interlocking the cylinders 19 and 24 of the evacuation device, 26 is a hydraulic pump, 27 is a relief valve, 28 is a throttle, 29 is a check valve, 30 is a pressure gauge, and 31 is an accumulator. , 32 are electromagnetically driven or lever-operated 4-port 3-position main direction control valves, 33 is a directional control valve for locking, and 34 is a throttle valve such as a one-way throttle valve. In particular, by accumulating pressure in the accumulator 31, the cylinders 19 and 24 can be operated even when the hydraulic pump 26 does not operate due to a power failure. In consideration of a power failure, a solar panel may be installed on the lifting platform 5 or the surface of the evacuation container 6 so that solar power generation is possible so that the hydraulic pump 26 can be operated at any time in an emergency. In this case, a charging device may be added. Although these power failure countermeasures are not specifically described in the following embodiments, they can be similarly applied.

  FIG. 4 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, a round or square pipe-shaped guide column 37 is vertically erected from the ground 36 or a concrete base, and an elevator 39 with a flat or round evacuation container 38 is used for raising and lowering the center. A hydraulic cylinder (elevating / lowering) that is movable up and down while maintaining a horizontal state up to a height of about 10 to 20 m via a roller 40 and that is extended between an elevating mechanism 41 and a link 43 in which an X-shaped link 43 is arranged on the left and right sides. Drive means) 42 and the like. The elevating mechanism 41 includes a link 43, an upper and lower guide rail 44, both end rollers 45, and the like. In this embodiment, the upper guide rail 44 is configured by the left and right frames of the elevating base 39 that is a square frame. The lower guide rail 44 is composed of a pair of left and right groove-shaped frames, but may be composed of a square frame as viewed from above. Reference numeral 46 denotes a climbing means such as a slope or a staircase set to a low value of about 1 to 3 m, and 47 is a protective means (see FIG. 16) made of a circle or a square pipe. As shown in the right column of FIG. 16, a plurality of combinations may be used as the guide column 37. In this case, a round pipe, a square pipe, a channel material, or the like can be used.

  When a tsunami attack is warned, the evacuees will detect it, gather at this evacuation device, and ascend and evacuate immediately using the ascending / descending means 46 set low around 1 to 3 m as shown in FIG. By opening the door, it is possible to evacuate to the evacuation stage on the elevator 39 in the evacuation container 38. When evacuees gather after a certain period of time or when the tsunami attack time is approaching, the hydraulic cylinder 42 is driven from the base 39 or remotely or manually under the base 39. By driving the cylinder 42, the link 43 rises greatly like an imaginary line when the rollers 45 are guided to the upper and lower guide rails 44, and at the same time, the elevator 39 with the evacuation container 38 is raised to 10 to 20 m high. This protects the evacuees from the tsunami current + X attack.

  5 and 6 show another embodiment. In the embodiment, a guide column 51 such as a circle or a square pipe is erected vertically from the ground 50, and a watertight type formed in three dimensions in a square shape as shown in the right column of FIG. 5 along the guide column 51. The evacuation container 52 can be moved up and down via a guide roller 53, and is lifted by a lifting drive means such as a hydraulic cylinder 54 standing vertically in the ground and a lifting mechanism composed of a double X-shaped link 55. It can be driven remotely or manually. The lifting mechanism is composed of a pair of left and right, and the lower ends of the rollers are guided by the pair of left and right lower guide rails 56, while the upper end of the mechanism has rollers 59 on the upper guide rails 58 provided on the left and right side surfaces of the evacuation container 52. To be guided through. The raising / lowering drive means 54 may be arrange | positioned on the ground, as shown with a broken line in FIG. A watertight evacuation door 52a (see the right column in FIG. 5) is provided on the peripheral surface of the evacuation container 52, and can be evacuated directly into the evacuation container 52 without a climbing means as shown in FIG. ing.

In particular, a protective frame 61 is erected and fixed around the outer periphery of the evacuation device, so that tsunami currents + X, -X and drifting objects do not directly hit the evacuation device. As shown in the right column of FIG. 5, the protective frame 61 includes four support columns 62 and a top frame 63 that connects the upper ends of the support columns 62 with a square. As shown in FIG. 5, a middle connecting member 64 may be provided for reinforcement and protection. The middle connecting member 64 may be provided only at a location facing the tsunami flow + X, −X.
In addition, you may mutually reinforce by connecting the guide support | pillar 51 and the top frame 63 with a connection material.
Further, a protective tensioning material 67 is stretched through a ceiling 65 provided at the upper end of the guide column 51 and a sheave 66 provided on the shoulder of the protective frame 61, and both ends thereof are moored to a protective pile 68 fixed to the ground. May be. In this case, even if the tsunami currents + X and -X act from the front and rear, the guide strut 51 acts as a vertical downward force, and the guide strut 51 and the protective frame 61 are not likely to collapse. Reference numeral 69 denotes a cushioning material, which is stopped while buffering even if the evacuation container 52 rises too much.
Further, the protective frame 61 may be a ring type as shown in the right column of FIG. As described above, the support 62 may be three or may be a front and rear pair. It may be 5 or more.

When an tsunami attack is warned, the evacuees can detect it, gather in this evacuation device, and can directly board and evacuate to the lower evacuation container 52 as shown in FIG. 5 without climbing means. When evacuees gather after a certain period of time or when the tsunami attack time is approaching, the hydraulic cylinder 54 is driven by remote operation or manual operation, whereby the link 55 is moved to the upper and lower guide rails 58, 56 by rollers 57, As each of 59 is guided, it stands up like a virtual line, and at the same time, the evacuation container 52 is lifted up to 10-20 m. This protects the evacuees from the tsunami currents + X and -X. In particular, in this embodiment, since the protective frame 61 is arranged opposite to the outer periphery, drifting objects such as houses and ships are received by the frame 61, the evacuation container 52, the link 55, etc. are protected, and the refugees are also protected. It leads to being protected.
As shown in FIG. 7, the cylinder 54 may be disposed so that the rod faces downward. Further, as shown in the right column of the figure, the protective frame 61 may be a three-dimensional trapezoidal frame with a large resistance. Further, the evacuation container 52 may be an open top type other than the six-sided solid shape.

  8 to 12 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, there are a plurality of guide columns 73 such as four, and the upper ends of the guide columns 73 are detachably connected by a ceiling frame 74, while the lifting platform 75 can be moved up and down along these columns 73. . The lifting platform 75 also serves as an upper guide rail. Reference numeral 76 denotes a lower guide rail, 78 denotes a link (elevating mechanism), and 79 denotes a roller. When the roller 79 is actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 80 which is an elevating driving means, the link 78 rises and the elevating platform 75 and the evacuation container are provided. 81 is associated with ascending. 82 is a climbing means.

The lifting platform 75 is formed of an outer frame 84 that is a channel material as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and the left and right sides thereof serve as the upper guide rail (the lifting platform 75), and the inner frame 85 is disposed on the inner side thereof. In addition, an inner frame 85 and an auxiliary frame 86 are provided, and the guide column 73 is guided up and down by a guide roller 87 provided via the auxiliary frame 86. Reference numeral 88 denotes a stage board.
As shown in FIG. 11, lock holes 90 are opened in a plurality of stages on the upper side surface of the guide column 73, and locks with springs 91 provided on the lifting platform 75 side are provided to these lock holes 90. A pin 92 is fitted. Since the tip of the lock pin 92 is cut obliquely, the lock pin 92 is configured to be detached from the lower lock hole 90 and automatically move to the upper lock hole 90 and engage as the lifting platform 75 is lifted. ing.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 80 for the roller shaft 93 may be provided.

13 and 14 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, one guide column 100 is erected from the ground 98 through the concrete base 99 and the elevator 103 with the evacuation container 102 can be raised and lowered via the guide roller 101. The upper and lower surfaces and the entire circumferential surface are formed in a watertight type with a reinforced frame in a single layer type or a multi-layer type as shown in the right column. On the other hand, a drive drum 104 provided on the support column 100 is provided by a motor with a reduction gear (not shown). The hoisting wire 105 wound around the driving drum 104 can be driven and connected to the lower evacuation container 102 side through the front and rear sheaves 106 and can be lifted. 107 is connected to the evacuation exit 108 by climbing means.
In addition, as shown in the lower right column of the figure, if the pit 109 is dug in the ground so that the lifting platform 103 is at the same level as the ground level, the climbing means 107 is not necessary and it is possible to board for direct evacuation. Become. In that case, a circumferential seal 110 can be added to prevent rainwater or the like from entering the pit 109. Further, the present invention can be applied to other embodiments in the same manner, but a buffer 111 can be installed in the pit 109 to take safety measures when dropping. 112 is a draining means. The drive drum 104 may be connected via a drive transmission member 113 such as a chain that passes through the support column 100 so as to be driven by a motor below the support column.

  When a tsunami attack is warned, evacuees can detect it, gather at this evacuation device, and board and evacuate through the climbing means 107 into the lowered evacuation container 102 as shown in FIG. . When evacuees gather after a certain period of time or when the tsunami attack time approaches, the drive drum 104 is driven and the evacuation container 102 is pulled up via the pulling wire 105. The evacuation container 102 is pulled up to a position sufficiently higher than that in FIG. 13 and is automatically locked. This protects the evacuees from the tsunami currents + X and -X. In this embodiment, protective piles 114 may be arranged so as to protect the escape container 102, the wire 105, and the like from drifting objects such as houses and ships. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the evacuation container 102 may be lifted by a boom 116 of the work vehicle 115. Further, the evacuation container 102 may be provided with a drive unit, and a screw may be formed on the outer periphery of the guide column 100 so that the evacuation container 102 is raised while rotating, or a rack is formed on the column 100 to evacuate. The container 102 may be raised by a pinion.

  15 and 16 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, one guide column 122 is erected from the ground 120 through the concrete base 121 and the elevator 125 with the watertight evacuation container 124 can be raised and lowered via the guide roller 123. The evacuation container 124 can be levitated by the tsunami flow + X, −X. As shown in the upper right column of FIG. 16, the support column 122 is a single round pipe, but it may be a combination pipe of two, three, or four, or may be a combination of a square pipe or a channel material. Further, a stopper plate 127 may be provided at the upper end of the support column 122 via a buffer member 126 so that the support plate 122 can be prevented from coming off. Further, as shown in the left column of FIG. 16, the support column 128 may be detachable so that the evacuation container 124 can be further raised. In this case, the evacuation container 124 can be drifted together with the tsunami current + X by the auxiliary strut 128 being removed from the strut 122.

  The evacuation container 124 has two upper and lower levels, and an evacuation door 129 and an ascending / descending means 130 that is a slope are provided outside the evacuation container 124. 131 is a protection pile. Reference numeral 132 denotes a protective guard, which protrudes from the outer periphery of the evacuation container 124 and protects against drifting objects.

  When a tsunami attack is warned, the evacuees can detect it, gather at this evacuation device, and board and evacuate into the evacuation container 124 via the climbing means 130. When the tsunami flow + X comes in, the evacuation container 124 is automatically lifted by buoyancy and lifted to follow the tsunami flow + X as indicated by the phantom line, thereby ensuring the safety of the evacuees. The The evacuation container 124 is lowered at the same time as the tsunami flow + X is lowered, and when the tsunami flow -X is acted later, the levitation can be avoided in the same manner.

  17 and 18 show another embodiment. In the embodiment, the left side of FIG. 18 is the front side where the tsunami flow + X comes in, and the left and right sides of FIG. 17 are the width direction. In the ground 135, underground underground piles 136 having a pair of front and rear are set symmetrically. On the pile 136, a metal main frame 138 is erected and fixed via a flange 137. The main frame 138 has a trapezoidal frame shape when viewed from the side, and is formed of a support frame 139 and a top frame 140 connecting the upper ends. The main frames 138 are vertically arranged as viewed from the front side and spaced apart from each other on the left and right. These upper ends of the main frame 138 can be connected by an upper end beam 141.

  A first reinforcing plate 142 is fixed to the upper portion of the main frame 138, and a support shaft 143 is mounted between the reinforcing plates 142. A driven wheel 144 such as a rotatable sprocket is provided around the support shaft 143. Are attached. Reference numeral 146 denotes a drive wheel, which is driven to rotate by a drive source 148 provided in the pit 147 of the ground 135 and rotationally drives a transmission member 149 such as an endless chain wound around the driven wheel 144. It is possible.

  Reference numeral 150 denotes a lifting platform on which an evacuation container 151 having a square shape in plan view is attached. The evacuation container 151 is open at the top and the bottom surface is set as an evacuation place by the top surface of the lifting platform 150, and an evacuation door 152 and climbing means 153 such as a slope and stairs are attached to the outer periphery. The evacuation container 151 may be a watertight type having an upper surface. A pair of cylinders 154 is fixed in the evacuation container 151, and each of the transmission members 149 is passed through the cylinder 154 in a watertight manner. A buffer member 155 such as a spring or rubber is installed on the bottom surface of the lifting platform 150 for safety. Reference numeral 156 denotes a second reinforcing plate provided on the upper portion of the main frame 138, and includes a hinge plate type locking means 156 on the inner side. When the evacuation container 151 is lifted as shown in the right column of FIG. 17, the lock means 156 is lifted upward, and when the evacuation container 151 passes, it returns to the horizontal state as shown in FIG. It is something to lock. Reference numeral 158 denotes a lifting piece, which is attached to a specific portion of the transmission member 149 so as to come to the bottom surface of the lifting platform 150.

  When a tsunami attack is warned, the evacuees can detect it, gather at this evacuation device, and board and evacuate into the evacuated evacuation container 151 as shown in FIG. . When evacuees gather after a certain period of time or when the tsunami attack time approaches, the drive wheel 146 is driven to lift the transmission member 149 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. As a result, the lifting piece 158 lifts the lifting platform 150 and raises it as high as an imaginary line to the evacuation position. When the evacuation container 151 is pulled up to a sufficiently high level, the evacuation container 151 is locked by the lock means 157. After that, the tsunami flow + X passes, ensuring the safety of evacuees. It is assumed that an evacuation ladder 159 is provided in the evacuation container 151 as evacuation means when locked high. The evacuation device shall have a solar power generation / charging function and be prepared for a power outage. It is assumed that tsunami flow + X will attack the evacuation device from the left side in FIG. 18, but as shown in FIG. 17, it is assumed that tsunami flow + X will attack from the side of the device. Sometimes. The pit 147 is provided with a waterproof lid 160.

FIG. 19 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, the main frame 138 is made to be a strength type by forming a mountain shape in which the upper ends of the columns 139 are combined. The support columns 139 can be transported in a compact manner if they are provided with a flange 161 at their upper ends and can be assembled on the spot with the fasteners 162. In this case, the first reinforcing plate 142 is also attached by the fastening device 162. This method can be similarly applied to the mutual mounting relationship between the column 139 and the top frame 140 in FIGS. 17 and 18 and the mounting relationship between the reinforcing plates 142 and 156 to the column 139.
FIG. 20 is a diagram in which a drive wheel 146 and the like are provided in a ground-installed waterproof protruding cover 163.
FIG. 21 shows that the ascending / descending means 153 is formed to be particularly long so that it can be boarded even after the evacuation container 151 starts to rise.

  22 and 23 show another embodiment. The embodiment relates to an evacuation device in which components can be transported in a disassembled state or a folded state and can be assembled on site, and concrete foundations 168 are embedded and fixed at several locations on the circumference of the ground 167. ing. A skewed foundation pile 169 is driven through the foundation 168. In this embodiment, the foundation piles 169 are distributed at four locations that are equidistant positions on the circumference. Standing on these foundation piles 169 is a steel pipe (including high-rigidity concrete-filled steel pipe CFT) or RC pile protective strut 171 on a conical surface via a flange 170 that can be attached and detached with a fastener. It is installed.

  The upper end of the protective support column 171 is attached to a connecting body 172 made of one steel pipe ring via a bracket 173 and a detachable stopper 174. Reference numeral 175 denotes a central guide column which is erected via the ground 167 or the base 169 and arranged so as to pass through the center of the coupling body 172. In this embodiment, the support column 175 is a square metal tube or a concrete pile in order to provide a detent function, but it may be a round shape or a channel combination type as shown in the right column of FIG. The support 175 and the connecting body 172 may be interconnected by a connecting member 176 as shown in FIG. The connecting member 176 can have a buffer function using an elastic material.

  A drive drum 177 is mounted on the central guide column 175 via a bracket, and this drum 177 can be driven by a motor with a reduction gear (not shown). Two lifting wires 178 are wound around the drum 177, and each wire 178 is suspended downward through a sheave 179 provided via a support member provided around the guide column 175 or in the circle of the coupling body 172. Yes. The lower ends of these wires 178 are connected to an evacuation container 180 having a flat or square shape. The evacuation container 180 is provided with a lifting platform 181 at the bottom and has an upper surface and a peripheral surface that are hermetically sealed. The evacuation container 180 can be entered and exited via an outer evacuation door 182, and climbing means such as a slope and stairs 183.

  On the other hand, in the center of the evacuation container 180, a rectangular tube-shaped through hole 184 that leaves a gap with the central guide column 175 is provided, and a plurality of guide rollers projecting through the through hole 184 are provided. 185 is applied to the outer periphery of the guide column 175. Further, the evacuation container 180 is formed with four recesses 186 for avoiding interference with the protective support column 171 when it is raised. Incidentally, reference numeral 187 denotes a drop safety buffer member which is made of an elastic member and has a hole at the center as shown in the lower right column of FIG. 23 to exhibit an air buffer function. The buffer member 187 may be a spring or an air bag with a throttle.

When a tsunami attack is warned, the evacuees can detect it, gather at this evacuation device, and board and evacuate into the evacuated evacuation container 180 as shown in FIG. . When evacuees gather after a certain period of time or when the tsunami attack time approaches, the drive drum 177 is driven to lift the lifting wire 178. Thereby, the evacuation container 180 is raised to the evacuation position as high as a virtual line. When the evacuation container 180 is pulled up to a sufficiently high level, it is locked by a releasable locking means such as an electromagnetic lock. After that, the tsunami flow + X passes, ensuring the safety of evacuees. After the tsunami has left, it is possible to return to the ground by releasing the lock and rotating the drum 177 in the reverse direction. In consideration of a power failure, a solar power generation / charging system or an emergency power generation device can be employed. Since the evacuation device of this embodiment is a method of lifting with the lifting wire 178, safety is ensured because the evacuation container 180 itself is lifted by the tsunami flow even when the wire 178 is not lifted due to trouble. In that case, if the bottom area of the evacuation container 180 is floated as shown in the figure, the tsunami flow is likely to act.
In addition, the protection support | pillar 171 can be made into a plug-in type in the foundation pile 169 like the right column of FIG. Further, the evacuation container 180 can be cylinder driven by a transmission support mechanism such as the X-link mechanism.

FIG. 24 shows another embodiment. The embodiment has a plurality of support pillars 190 such as four, a top frame 191 and a middle connecting member 192 connecting the upper ends thereof, and an evacuation place 193 is provided on the entire top surface of the top frame 191 so that it can be evacuated by a stairway (not shown). In the constructed tsunami evacuation device, a pair of left and right guide rails 194 are provided in the middle of adjacent struts 190 and arranged symmetrically with each other, and sheaves 195 are arranged at four points of these guide rails 194. The drive member 196 and the drive wheel 197 can drive the transmission member 198 such as a chain or a wire in the forward and reverse directions, and the boarding capsules 199 are provided at two locations of the transmission member 198 so that they can be evacuated alternately. In particular, the top part a and the bottom part b of the boarding capsule 199 are formed in a quadrangular pyramid shape as shown in the right column, and the capsule 199 is evacuated. Even in rising developing tsunami flow from below in which the interior of the evacuees diverted reduction is to never be disturbed or fall shocked.
As shown in FIG. 25, the capsule 199 may be wide so that more people can board the vehicle.

26 and 27 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, a wire 200 that can be fed and wound is provided on a telescopic ladder boom 203 of a special work vehicle 202, which is a ladder fire engine, and a hook 204 is attached to the tip of the wire 200, so that it is already installed when a tsunami strikes. The evacuation container 205 is lifted and held high to protect the evacuees from the tsunami flow. The evacuation container 205 is one level or two levels shown in the figure, and can be evacuated to the inside by climbing by the climbing means 206 and opening the evacuation door 207. Since the rotation stopper piece 208 protrudes from the outer periphery of the evacuation container 205, there is no possibility that the evacuation container 205 will rotate excessively when the rotation prevention piece 208 hits the boom 203 when lifted.
In addition, since the work vehicle 202 may be attacked by a tsunami flow and the work may be difficult, the protection dams 209 are arranged on the left and right. The work vehicle 202 may be a special work vehicle having a purpose other than fire fighting or a lifting-only vehicle.

  28 and 29 show another embodiment. In the embodiment, the evacuation container 214 is lifted and evacuated by the lifting device 213. The lifting-only device 213 is provided with a bearing 216 on a concrete base 215 having a concave inside so that the boom 218 can be raised and lowered by a driving cylinder 217, and the height of the boom 218 can be locked by a locking cylinder 219. Yes. Reference numeral 220 denotes a drop safety buffer. A hook 221 is attached to the tip of the boom 218 so that the wire 222 of the evacuation container 214 can be hooked. Reference numeral 223 denotes a mount base on which the evacuation container 214 is installed, and reference numeral 224 denotes climbing means.

  30 and 31 show another embodiment. In the embodiment, the evacuation container 229 is lifted and evacuated by the lifting device 228. The lifting device 228 is provided with a bearing 231 on a concrete base 230 having a concave inside so that the boom 233 can be raised and lowered by a drive cylinder 232, and the height of the boom 233 can be locked by a lock cylinder 234. Yes. Reference numeral 235 denotes a drop safety buffer. An evacuation step 236 is provided on the upper surface of the boom 233 so that an evacuation ladder 237 can be used to evacuate into an evacuation container 229 suspended at the tip thereof. The tip of the boom 233 has a bifurcated shape, and an evacuation container 229 is suspended from the tip. The evacuation container 229 is installed on the mount base 238 during normal times, and can be evacuated into the evacuation container 229 by the climbing means 239.

  When a tsunami attack is warned, it is evacuated into the evacuation container 229 via the ascending / descending means 239 as shown in FIG. 31, and then driven up to the vertical by driving the drive cylinder 232. If the height is locked in this state, the evacuation container 229 can avoid the tsunami flow + X. Reference numeral 240 denotes a rising stopper. As shown in the lower column of FIG. 31, the boom 233 may be a truss type, and the truss structure may be used as an evacuation ladder. A protective cover 241 is provided on the outer periphery of the truss.

  32 and 33 show another embodiment. In the embodiment, the evacuation container 246 installed in the lowland 245 during normal times is used for refugee accommodation after the tsunami attack warning, and the evacuation container 246 is put on a safe hilltop 247 before the tsunami attack. The present invention relates to a safety evacuation method in which the vehicle is lifted and turned by the lift-dedicated vehicle 248 so that it can be safely evacuated on the hill 247.

  The lift-only vehicle 248 is a crawler type with a stable suspension, and the body 250 can be freely turned by the device 251, and the soil removal mechanism 252 ensures stability during lift operation. Reference numeral 253 denotes a steering cabin, and reference numeral 254 denotes a telescopic boom that can be raised and lowered by a lift cylinder 255. An evacuation container 246 is attached to the tip of the boom 254 so as to ensure horizontality. The evacuation protective body 246 is an upwardly open type or a fully sealed type, and the inside thereof is provided via a climbing means 256 and an evacuation door 257. Can accommodate evacuees.

  When a tsunami attack is warned, evacuees on the lowland 245 evacuate into the evacuation container 246 via the climbing means 256, and when the evacuation is completed, the evacuation door 257 is closed to be in a water-sealed state. Thereafter, the lift cylinder 255 is driven in the vehicle 248 to lift the evacuation container 246, and then brought onto the hill 247 by a turning operation. Thereby, the person who was in the lowland 245 can evacuate to the hill 247 immediately. If an opening-and-closing grip means is provided at the tip of the boom 254 and a plurality of evacuation containers 246 are installed on the low ground 245, the evacuation containers 246 can be grasped one after another and evacuated to the hill 247.

  FIG. 34 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, a pair of left and right stationary hinges 262 are provided on the front and rear of the ground 261 to extend a link 263 that is a parallel link in the direction toward the tsunami flow + X, and a movable hinge 264 is provided at the front end of the link 263. And attached to the bottom surface of the evacuation container 265. 266 is an evacuation door, 267 is an ascending / descending means, and 268 is a guard for anti-floating objects surrounding the outer periphery of the evacuation container 265.

When a tsunami attack is warned, the user evacuates into the evacuation container 265 via the climbing means 267 and the evacuation door 266. When the tsunami flow + X comes in, the evacuation container 265 rises and supports the evacuation container 265 on the tsunami flow as shown in the figure while being guided and supported by the link 263. Since the evacuation container 265 is brought into a fall-down state due to the tsunami flow, the evacuation container 265 is placed on the right side of the figure and waits when the tsunami flow leaves. After that, when the pulling wave -X comes in, the evacuation container 265 is lifted, falls in the opposite direction to the virtual line, and when the pulling wave leaves, the state is returned to the solid line state of FIG. 268a is a wave board provided so that the tsunami flow + X acts as a levitation force in advance, and is provided at the tip of the guard 268.
If the link 263 is connected to the evacuation container 265 through the auxiliary link 269 so that it can be freely inserted and removed as shown in the right column, the auxiliary link 269 will come out even when the tsunami flow + X becomes higher than expected. The evacuation container 265 floats to ensure safety. The link 263 may be operated by the cylinder 270. In addition, as shown in FIG. 35, if the pit 271 is dug to reduce the height of the evacuation container 265 with respect to the ground, evacuation becomes easier. Further, if a plurality of the evacuation containers 265 are arranged in parallel and connected to each other, the evacuation containers 265 that perform other normal levitation operations are interlocked even if there is an evacuation container 265 that is difficult to lift due to a trouble. Can help ascend.

  36 and 37 show another embodiment. The embodiment is for a fixed evacuation device H made of metal (steel, aluminum, etc.) such as RC or pedestrian bridge, near the coast, schoolyard, park where tsunami current (push wave) + X attacks It is intended for areas where a wide area can be provided and secured. In addition, the arrow of the tsunami flow + X of FIG. 36 shows the different approach direction assumed. The evacuation device H includes a central evacuation portion 276 having an evacuation place 275 having a large area (capable of accommodating 500 to 1000 people) having a substantially octagonal shape (which may be a square, a hexagon, or a circle). The central evacuation portion 276 is supported with a leg base 277, but the leg base 277 may not be configured. Reference numeral 278 denotes an evacuation path, which is formed on the upper surface of a pair of evacuation path portions 279 that communicate with a portion opened at a symmetrical portion of the evacuation site 275 and rise gently and obliquely. This evacuation route portion 279 is also supported by a pedestal 280. These evacuation path portions 279 and the central evacuation portion 276 are provided with protective walls 281 facing in the width direction. In addition, although the height of the central evacuation site 275 changes with installation areas, it is needless to say that the height should be sufficiently higher than the maximum estimated tsunami height of the area. The escape path portion 275 may be one of a pair of left and right sides, or may be extended in all directions.

  In addition, as indicated by a virtual line, a higher, safer, and wider elevated evacuation site 285 may be added to the evacuation device via a plurality of support columns 284... Standing on the ground 283. Reference numeral 286 denotes climbing means which is the stairs or slope. Some of the columns 284... May be counter-deployed so that the tsunami flow + X, drifting objects, and the like do not enter the evacuation path 278. Further, as indicated by a virtual line, a higher three-layer portion 279 may be provided. This evacuation device is not intended to evacuate only people but can be configured to evacuate all vehicles including wheelchairs. In this case, it is safe to divide a route for evacuating a person and a route for a vehicle to run, and it is desirable to divide the evacuation place 275 as well. On the evacuation site 275, facilities that can be used during normal times and emergencies such as public or commercial facilities (including storage warehouses, solar power generation / charging facilities, etc.) can be provided.

  FIG. 38 shows another embodiment of the fixed evacuation device. This embodiment shows a system in which evacuation devices H are arranged in double rows and can be connected by a connecting bridge (which also becomes an evacuation space) 288 that can come and go between them. An elevated evacuation site 284 may be installed above these evacuation devices H.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ground 5 ... Elevating stand 6 ... Evacuation container 14A, 14B ... Link (elevating mechanism) 19 ... Hydraulic cylinder (elevating drive means).

Claims (2)

  An evacuation device for an emergency such as a tsunami or flood, which has an evacuation container and a lifting mechanism that supports the evacuation container so as to be movable up and down, and is moved up and down by a lifting drive means.   An evacuation device for emergency situations such as tsunamis and floods, which has an evacuation container and a lifting mechanism that supports the evacuation container so as to be movable up and down, and that lifts and lowers using flow force such as tsunami and flood.

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