JP2004010571A - Method for producing dialkyl carbonate - Google Patents
Method for producing dialkyl carbonate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2004010571A JP2004010571A JP2002168805A JP2002168805A JP2004010571A JP 2004010571 A JP2004010571 A JP 2004010571A JP 2002168805 A JP2002168805 A JP 2002168805A JP 2002168805 A JP2002168805 A JP 2002168805A JP 2004010571 A JP2004010571 A JP 2004010571A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- reaction
- dialkyl carbonate
- alcohol
- carbonate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- -1 alkylene carbonate Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 44
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- WRAGBEWQGHCDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M C([O-])([O-])=O.[NH4+].[Zr+] Chemical compound C([O-])([O-])=O.[NH4+].[Zr+] WRAGBEWQGHCDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethynyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C#C)C(OC)=C1 IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEYKMVJDLWJFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCOCCO YEYKMVJDLWJFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWLOKSXSAUHTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)OC1C LWLOKSXSAUHTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIISQQLGDWHGOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(ethoxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound CCOCC1COC(=O)O1 VIISQQLGDWHGOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKOGUIGAVNCCKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)OCC1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZKOGUIGAVNCCKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUXJVUDWWLIGRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC1COC(=O)O1 AUXJVUDWWLIGRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl carbitol 6-propylpiperonyl ether Chemical compound C1=C(CCC)C(COCCOCCOCCCC)=CC2=C1OCO2 FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDQFODAJQFUTJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M [NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C(=O)O[Ti] Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C(=O)O[Ti] CDQFODAJQFUTJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052626 biotite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUZSPGQEISANPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn] LUZSPGQEISANPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNSBYDPZHCQWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;aluminum;dioxido(oxo)silane;sodium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na].[Al].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O VNSBYDPZHCQWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxosilane oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[K+].[K+].O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxide Chemical compound CC[O-] HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J kaolinite Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])=O CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
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- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960005235 piperonyl butoxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-olate Chemical compound CC(C)[O-] OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000276 sauconite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003476 thallium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAKFSJNVVCGEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O FAKFSJNVVCGEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【課題】ジアルキレンカーボネートとアルコールとを触媒の存在下にエステル交換反応させてジアルキルカーボネートを製造する方法において、触媒活性及び耐久性に優れ、かつ反応液に対して難溶解性の固体触媒を用いて工業的に有利にジアルキルカーボネートを製造する。
【解決手段】アルキレンカーボネートとアルコールとを触媒を用いたエステル交換反応に供してジアルキルカーボネートを製造するに当たり、触媒として、短周期型周期表の4A族元素及び4B族元素よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属元素を含む金属酸化物を、多孔質担体に担持した担持触媒を用いる。A method for producing a dialkyl carbonate by subjecting a dialkylene carbonate and an alcohol to a transesterification reaction in the presence of a catalyst, using a solid catalyst having excellent catalytic activity and durability and being hardly soluble in a reaction solution. To produce dialkyl carbonate industrially advantageously.
In producing a dialkyl carbonate by subjecting an alkylene carbonate and an alcohol to a transesterification reaction using a catalyst, at least one selected from the group consisting of a group 4A element and a group 4B element of a short-periodic table is used as a catalyst. A supported catalyst in which a metal oxide containing one kind of metal element is supported on a porous carrier is used.
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ジアルキルカーボネートの製造方法に関する。詳しくは、特定の触媒を用いてアルキレンカーボネートとアルコールとをエステル変換反応させることにより、ジアルキルカーボネートを高収率で製造する方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ジアルキルカーボネートは樹脂、塗料などの溶剤、アルキル化剤或いはカーバメートの合成原料として有用な化合物である。
【0003】
従来、ジアルキルカーボネートを製造する方法としては、アルキレンカーボネートとアルコールとを原料とし、これらをエステル交換反応させる方法が知られている。このエステル交換反応は、次の二段階で進行する。即ち、第1の反応は、アルキレンカーボネートとアルコール1分子とがエステル交換する反応であり、第2の反応は、第1の反応生成物とアルコール1分子とがエステル交換反応して、ジアルキルカーボネートとアルキレングリコールが生成する反応である。
【0004】
この二段階の反応のうち、第1の反応は無触媒でも速やかに進行するが、第2の反応を速やかに効率的に進行させるには触媒が必要である。即ち、アルキレンカーボネートとアルコールから、ジアルキルカーボネートを収率良く得るためには、エステル交換触媒を用いる必要がある。
【0005】
このエステル交換触媒は、均一系触媒と不均一系触媒に分類される。
【0006】
均一系触媒としては、例えば、脂肪族3級アミン(特開昭51−122025号公報)、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ金属化合物(特開昭54−48715号公報)、タリウム化合物(特開昭54−48716号公報)、錫アルコキシド類(特開昭54−63023号公報)、第4級ホスホニウム塩(特開昭56−10144号公報)等の提案がなされている。触媒として、これらの均一系触媒を使用する方法では、通常、生成物であるジアルキルカーボネートを単離するためには、分離操作として蒸留方法が採用されている。しかし、均一系触媒を用いた場合には、反応混合物と触媒との分離が困難であることや、蒸留中に触媒が存在するため逆平衡が起きやすくなりジアルキルカーボネートの選択率が低下すること等の欠点がある。
【0007】
一方、不均一系触媒はこのような問題を解決するものであり、例えば、シリカ−チタニア固体酸触媒(特開昭54−125617号公報)、第4級アンモニウム塩を交換基として含有する強塩基性交換樹脂(特開昭63−238043号公報)、スルホン酸基やカルボン酸基を交換基として含有するカチオン交換樹脂(特開昭64−31737号公報)等が提案されている。しかし、これらの固体触媒系は耐熱性や長時間使用に当たっての安定性に問題があり、また触媒活性が十分でない等の問題がある。
【0008】
また、アルカリ土類金属の塩基性化合物(特開平6−48993号公報)が提案されているが、この固体触媒は反応液への溶解性が大きいという問題がある。またジルコニウム、チタン、スズの酸化物(特開昭63−41432号公報)が提案されているが、本発明者らの実験により、これらは触媒活性が不十分であることが確認された。
【0009】
また、擬ベーマイト構造を有するアルミナで残存OH基が反応活性を有することが報告されている(米国特許6207850B1)が、本発明者らの実験では残存OH基が同等に存在するアルミナを用いても実用に適応し得る十分な触媒活性を有していないことが判明した。
【0010】
更には、周期律表第3B族金属の酸化物(特開平6−211751号公報)、酸化ビスマス(特開平8−59558号公報)、マンガン酸化物(特開平8−59559号公報)触媒等が提案されているが、これらについては反応液への溶解性の問題が解決されていないことが、本発明者らの実験により確認された。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、ジアルキレンカーボネートとアルコールとを触媒の存在下にエステル交換反応させてジアルキルカーボネートを製造する方法において、上記従来の問題点を解決し、触媒活性及び耐久性に優れ、かつ反応液に対して難溶解性の固体触媒を用いて工業的に有利にジアルキルカーボネートを製造する方法を提供することにある。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、ジルコニウム、チタン、スズ等の特定の金属酸化物を多孔質担体に担持した触媒を用いることにより、上記課題が解決されることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
【0013】
即ち、本発明は、アルキレンカーボネートとアルコールとを触媒を用いたエステル交換反応に供してジアルキルカーボネートを製造する方法において、該触媒として短周期型周期表の4A族元素及び4B族元素よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属元素を含む金属酸化物を、多孔質担体に担持した担持触媒を用いることを特徴とするジアルキルカーボネートの製造方法である。
【0014】
本発明者らの実験により、アルキレンカーボネートとアルコールとのエステル交換反応系に、触媒として、上記特定の金属酸化物のみを使用した場合には、目的物収率が低いが、この金属酸化物を多孔質担体上に担持した触媒を使用した場合には、高収率で目的物が得られることが確認された。この理由の詳細は明らかではないが、多孔質担体上に上記特定の金属酸化物を担持した場合、高分散が可能となって活性点の量的向上が図れるが、これだけでなく、何らかの質的向上効果が達成され、高収率で目的生成物が得られるものと考える。
【0015】
本発明において、触媒の金属元素はジルコニウム、チタン及びスズよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種、特にジルコニウムが好ましい。
【0016】
また、多孔質担体としては酸化アルミニウムを含むものが好ましく、このような多孔質担体に対して、担持触媒の金属酸化物の含有量は1〜20重量%であることが好ましい。
【0017】
また、この多孔質担体は比表面積50〜500m2/gで、細孔容積0.2〜2cc/gであることが好ましい。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明のジアルキルカーボネートの製造方法の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
【0019】
本発明において、原料となるアルキレンカーボネートの具体例としては、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、1,2−ブチレンカーボネート、2,3−ブチレンカーボネート、1,2−ペンチレンカーボネート、スチレンカーボネート、3−メトキシ−1,2−プロピレンカーボネート、3−エトキシ−1,2−プロピレンカーボネート等が挙げられる。これらは、1種を単独で用いても良く、2種以上の混合物として用いても良い。アルキレンカーボネートとしては、これらうち、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネートが、入手しやすく有利である。
【0020】
また、原料のアルコールの具体例としては、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、n−プロピルアルコール、i−プロピルアルコール、n−ブチルアルコール、i−ブチルアルコール、ペンチルアルコール、ヘキシルアルコール、オクチルアルコール、2−エチルヘキシルアルコール、デシルアルコール、ドデシルアルコール、テトラデシルアルコール、ヘキサデシルアルコール、オクタデシルアルコール、アリルアルコール、ベンジルアルコール、シクロヘキシルアルコール、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル等が挙げられる。中でも、炭素数が1〜6の脂肪族アルコールが好ましく、反応性の観点から、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコールが好ましい。
【0021】
本発明においては、このようなアルキレンカーボネートとアルコールとをエステル交換反応させるに当たり、触媒として、短周期型周期表4A族元素及び4B族元素よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属元素を含む金属酸化物、好ましくは、ジルコニウム、チタン及びスズのうちの少なくとも1種の金属酸化物を、多孔質担体に担持した担持触媒を用いる。
【0022】
これらの金属酸化物の原料としては、例えば硝酸塩、硫酸塩、酢酸塩、オキシ硝酸塩、塩基性炭酸塩、塩基性シュウ酸塩、水酸化物、オキシ水酸化物、塩化物、オキシ塩化物、超微粒子酸化物ゾルや、メトキシド、エトキシド、イソプロポキシド、ブトキシド等のアルコキシドなどが用いられるが、もちろんこれらに限定されるものではない。具体的な原料のいくつかを例示すれば、ジルコニウム酸化物の原料としては、オキシ硝酸ジルコニウム、オキシ塩化ジルコニウム、ジルコニウムブトキシド、ジルコノセンジクロリド、炭酸ジルコニウムアンモニウム、塩基性炭酸ジルコニウム、ジルコニウム酸化物の超微粒子ゾルなどが、チタン酸化物の原料としては、四塩化チタン、硫酸チタン、チタンイソプロポキシド、チタンブトキシド、シュウ酸チタンアンモニウム、チタン酸化物の超微粒子ゾルなどが、スズ酸化物の原料としては、テトラブチルスズ、ジブチル酸化スズ、塩化スズ、硫酸スズ、酢酸スズ、酢酸トリフェニルスズ、スズ酸化物の超微粒子ゾルなどが挙げられるが、特にこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0023】
担持触媒中の上記金属酸化物の含有量については、特に制限はないが、多孔質担体に対して1〜20重量%が好ましく、より好ましくは5〜15重量%である。金属酸化物の含有量が少な過ぎる場合は、活性点を形成すると考えられる金属酸化物の含有率が低く十分な活性が得られないと考えられ、また、多過ぎる場合は、金属酸化物の分散が十分でなく、所望の活性が得られず、金属酸化物の凝集による細孔の閉塞等によっても十分な活性が得られないと考えられる。
【0024】
本発明で用いる多孔質担体としては、上記のエステル交換反応を阻害しないものであれば良く、特に制限はないが、例えばシリカ、アルミナ、ジルコニア、チタニア、シリカ−アルミナ、ジルコニア−チタニア、シリカ−ジルコニア、アルミナ−チタニア、シリカ−チタニア、アルミナ−ジルコニアなどの無機担体、カオリナイト、ハロイサイト、クリソタイル、モンモリロナイト、バイデライト、サボナイト、ヘクソライト、ソーコナイト、白雲母、金雲母、黒雲母、ハイドロタルサイト、タルクなどの粘土鉱物などが挙げられる。多孔質担体としては、入手のしやすさ等を考慮するとシリカ、アルミナが好ましく、特にアルミナが好適であると考えられる。
【0025】
本発明で用いる多孔質担体の比表面積については特に制限はないが、50〜500m2/gが好ましく、より好ましくは100〜300m2/gである。多孔質担体の比表面積が小さ過ぎる場合には、活性点を形成すると考えられる金属酸化物の分散が十分でなく、十分な触媒活性が得られないことが考えられ、逆に大き過ぎる場合は、平均細孔径が小さくなり、反応の際、細孔内の拡散が十分に起こらないために活性が低下することが考えられる。
【0026】
また、本発明で用いる多孔質担体の細孔容積については特に制限はないが、0.2〜2cc/gが好ましく、より好ましくは0.4〜1.6cc/gである。即ち、担持触媒への金属酸化物の担持を実施するに際し、通常、金属酸化物の原料溶液を用いるため、多孔質担体の細孔容積が小さ過ぎる場合は溶液中の原料の溶解度の制限から十分な担持量が得られないという問題が生じ、逆に細孔容積が大き過ぎると多孔質担体の破壊強度が弱くなり実用に適さないと考えられる。
【0027】
本発明に用いる多孔質担体の形状については特に制限はなく、粒径100μm程度の微粉状であっても、球形、円柱状又は他の任意の成形物或いは造粒物としたものであっても良いが、反応時の通液性を考慮すると、成形物或いは造粒物であることが望ましい。
【0028】
本発明に用いられる担持触媒を調製する方法としては、従来から知られている方法、例えば、
(a)前記金属酸化物原料を水性溶媒又は有機溶媒に溶解させ、これを使用する多孔質担体に含浸させた後、適宜熱処理をして乾燥或いは焼成する方法
(b)金属酸化物原料として無機酸塩を用いた場合には、この原料塩を水性溶媒又は有機溶媒に溶解させ、これを使用する多孔質担体に含浸させてから、アルカリを添加して担体上に金属水酸化物として沈着させた後、適宜熱処理をして乾燥或いは焼成する方法
(c)金属酸化物原料としてアルコキシドを用いた場合には、これを多孔質担体に含浸させた後、水を加えて担体上に金属水酸化物として沈着させ、その後適宜熱処理をして乾燥或いは焼成する方法
などを採用することができる。
【0029】
次に、このような担持触媒を用いて、本発明方法に従って、エステル交換反応を行う際の反応条件について説明する。
【0030】
原料のアルキレンカーボネートとアルコールとのモル比は、特に制限はないが、アルキレンカーボネートに対するアルコールのモル比が大き過ぎると回収する必要のあるアルコールの量が過大となり、また小さ過ぎるとアルキレンカーボネートの転化率が低くなるため、アルキレンカーボネートに対するアルコールのモル比は、1〜20の範囲で選ぶのが好ましい。
【0031】
前記担持触媒の使用量は特に制限はないが、反応を回分式で行う場合には、通常、原料(即ち、アルキレンカーボネートとアルコールとの合計重量)に対して好ましくは0.1〜30重量%、より好ましくは1〜15重量%の範囲である。
【0032】
反応時間は、原料のアルキレンカーボネート、アルコールの種類及び両者のモル比、反応温度、触媒使用量、反応方法等により異なるが、通常は、0.2〜20時間、好ましくは0.5〜5時間の範囲である。
【0033】
反応方法としては、反応を回分式で行う場合には、所定量の原料及び触媒を反応器に仕込み、反応器内を窒素置換した後、加熱、加圧して所定時間反応させる方法が一般的である。反応を連続式で行う場合には、一定温度に保たれた反応器に、アルキレンカーボネートとアルコールのモル比を一定にした混合溶液を連続して供給すると共に、生成したジアルキルカーボネートを未反応原料との混合溶液として、反応器から連続的に抜き出す方法が一般的である。
【0034】
使用する反応器は、触媒の形状として粉末状の触媒を用いる場合は、触媒を供給原料の混合溶液中に懸濁させて触媒を連続的に供給する懸濁床式が、触媒の形状として成形物或いは造粒物を用いる場合は、充填した管型反応器を用いる固定床式が一般的である。この際の通液条件は、触媒に対する液時空間速度(LHSV)で表すと、通常は0.1〜50/hr、より好ましくは0.2〜10/hrの範囲を採用することができる。
【0035】
反応温度は、特に制限はないが、通常50〜300℃の範囲が好ましく、より好ましくは100〜200℃の範囲である。この範囲よりも反応温度が低い場合には反応速度が低下し、逆に高い場合には副反応が促進されるため、いずれも好ましくない。また、反応圧力は、特に制限はないが、通常0.1〜20MPaの範囲が好ましく、より好ましくは常圧から2MPaの範囲である。
【0036】
【実施例】
以下に、本発明を実施例及び比較例に基づいて更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はその趣旨を超えない限り、以下の記載例に限られるものではない。なお、以下の例で、反応生成物の定量は、ガスクロマトグラフィー法で行い、転化率及び収率は以下の式により求めた。
【0037】
【数1】
【0038】
実施例1
炭酸ジルコニウムアンモニウム溶液(日本軽金属製「Bacote20」ZrO2として20重量%含有)50gを純水にて希釈し、140mLの水溶液を得た。次に、この水溶液を、平均粒径1.6mm径のγ−アルミナ担体(日揮ユニバーサル製「NST−5」比表面積=186m2/g、細孔容積=0.96cc/g)100gに含浸させた後、ロータリーエバポレータ容器内にこれを移し、攪拌状態にて室温大気圧下で30分処理し、その後室温減圧下1333Paにて30分処理した後、更に攪拌状態で、80℃減圧下1333Paにて1時間乾燥処理を施した。最後に、ロータリーエバポレータ容器内より上記乾燥粒子を取り出し、焼成炉内にて空気流通下120℃にて3時間、更に400℃にて3時間焼成処理を行って担持触媒を得た。この担持触媒中のγ−アルミナ担体に対するZrO2含有量は8.0重量%であった。
【0039】
なお、本実施例にて用いたγ−アルミナ担体(NST−5)について、以下に示した条件にて固体1H−NMRによりOH基の含有率を測定したところ4.2重量%であった。
【0040】
[固体1H−NMRによるOH含有量測定]
【0041】
(測定法)
試料調製方法:γ−アルミナ担体を乳鉢で粉砕し、150℃のオイルバスで12時間加熱減圧乾燥処理した。室温に冷却後、グローブボックス中窒素雰囲気下で試料管に充填した。OH量はD2O/H2O混合溶液の1H−NMRスペクトルの積分強度を基準に求めた。D2O/H2O比は83.8/16.2である。本測定ではD2O:839.9mg、H2O:159.9mgを秤量して、H2Oが16.0%の溶液を調製して測定に用いた。
【0042】
(測定条件)
装置:Bruker製「MSL−300」
プローブ:4mmΦCP/MAS用プローブ
測定法:1H−シングルパルス法
試料回転数:10kHz
パルス幅:2.7μs(フリップ角90°)
待ち時間:30秒
積算回数:128回
観測幅:100kHz
(バックグラウンド由来の信号を減算した後、積分処理を行った。面積にはスピニングサイドバンドも含めた。)
【0043】
製造された担持触媒120ccを、内径25mmのステンレス鋼製流動浴槽ジャケット付反応管に充填し、エチレンカーボネート(EC)とメタノールとをモル比1対2で混合した原料溶液を、定量ポンプにより液時空間速度1/hrにて通液した。次いで圧力を1.96MPaに設定し、触媒層内の温度がそれぞれ110℃、130℃及び150℃になるように流動浴槽温度を制御し、反応を実施した。各温度において反応器内温度が所定温度で安定してから6時間経過時の反応液を採取して、生成物の定量及び溶出金属量の定量を実施した。
【0044】
このときのエチレンカーボネート転化率(EC転化率)、ジメチルカーボネート収率(DMC収率)、エチレングリコール収率(EG収率)及び溶出金属量を表1に示した。
【0045】
また、これらの温度依存性データよりジメチルカーボネート生成反応の活性化エネルギーを算出したことろ、4918cal/molであった。
【0046】
比較例1
水酸化ジルコニウム粉末(新日本金属化学製「Z−999」)100gとアルミナ粉末(住友化学製「AKP−50」)788gとを微結晶セルロース(旭化成製「アビセルTG−101」)44g及び純水250gを添加してからニーダー内にて2時間混練した後、押し出し成形にて直径3mmの円柱成形体を得た。この成形体を焼成炉内にて空気流通下120℃にて3時間、更に400℃にて3時間焼成処理を行って触媒を得た。なお、この触媒のZrO2含有量は8.9重量%であった。
【0047】
上記調製触媒を実施例1と同様の方法で反応させた際の、各反応温度での反応液から得られたEC転化率、DMC収率、EG収率及び溶出金属量を表1に示した。
【0048】
また、これらの温度依存性データよりジメチルカーボネート生成反応の活性化エネルギーを算出したことろ、8824cal/molであった。
【0049】
比較例2
充填触媒としてγ−アルミナ担体(日揮ユニバーサル製「NST−5」)のみを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様の方法で反応を実施した。このときの各反応温度での反応液から得られたEC転化率、DMC収率、EG収率及び溶出金属量を表1に示した。
【0050】
また、これらの温度依存性データよりジメチルカーボネート生成反応の活性化エネルギーを算出したことろ、8746cal/molであった。
【0051】
比較例3
硝酸イットリウム6水和物258gと硝酸コバルト6水和物196gを1.34Lの純水に溶解し、予め7Lの攪拌槽に仕込み、攪拌溶解させた後、12重量%重炭酸アンモニウム水溶液4.4kg中に約0.5分かけて滴下した。得られた沈殿物を含むスラリーを加圧濾過し、純水で洗浄した後、120℃にて12時間乾燥し、触媒前駆体196gを得た。この触媒前駆体100重量部に水40重量部を加え、加熱混練してスラリー状とした後、真空押し出し成形器にて直径4mmの円柱成形体を得た。この成形体を120℃にて一晩乾燥し、続いて600℃の温度で3時間焼成し、触媒を得た。得られた触媒の金属原子比はイットリウム:コバルトが1:1であった。
【0052】
上記調製触媒を用いて、実施例1と同様の方法で140℃で反応させた際の反応液から得られたEC転化率、DMC収率、EG収率及び溶出金属量を表1に示した。
【0053】
【表1】
【0054】
表1より、本発明によれば、高い転化率及び収率で、ジアルキルカーボネートを効率的に製造することができることが分かる。
【0055】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述した通り、本発明のジアルキルカーボネートの製造方法によれば、アルキレンカーボネートとアルコールからジアルキルカーボネートへのエステル交換反応が速やかに進行し、しかも触媒成分が反応液に不溶であることから、反応液と触媒との分離が容易であり、均一系触媒でみられる蒸留工程での残存触媒による逆反応、分解、重合反応などによる収率低下も防止することができる。
本発明は、各種溶剤や合成原料等として工業的に有用なジアルキルカーボネートを効率的に生産することを可能とし、産業の発展に貢献するものである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a dialkyl carbonate. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a dialkyl carbonate in a high yield by subjecting an alkylene carbonate and an alcohol to an ester conversion reaction using a specific catalyst.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Dialkyl carbonate is a compound useful as a solvent for resins and paints, an alkylating agent, or a raw material for synthesizing carbamate.
[0003]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as a method for producing a dialkyl carbonate, a method is known in which an alkylene carbonate and an alcohol are used as raw materials, and these are transesterified. This transesterification proceeds in the following two stages. That is, the first reaction is a transesterification reaction between an alkylene carbonate and one molecule of an alcohol, and the second reaction is a transesterification reaction between the first reaction product and one molecule of an alcohol to form a dialkyl carbonate and a dialkyl carbonate. This is a reaction in which alkylene glycol is generated.
[0004]
Of these two-step reactions, the first reaction proceeds quickly without a catalyst, but a catalyst is required to promptly and efficiently advance the second reaction. That is, in order to obtain a dialkyl carbonate from an alkylene carbonate and an alcohol in a high yield, it is necessary to use a transesterification catalyst.
[0005]
This transesterification catalyst is classified into a homogeneous catalyst and a heterogeneous catalyst.
[0006]
Examples of the homogeneous catalyst include aliphatic tertiary amines (JP-A-51-12225), alkali metals or alkali metal compounds (JP-A-54-48715), and thallium compounds (JP-A-54-48716). JP-A-5-63023, quaternary phosphonium salts (JP-A-56-10144), and the like. In the method using these homogeneous catalysts as a catalyst, a distillation method is usually employed as a separation operation in order to isolate a dialkyl carbonate product. However, when a homogeneous catalyst is used, it is difficult to separate the reaction mixture from the catalyst, and the presence of the catalyst during distillation tends to cause reverse equilibrium and lower the selectivity of dialkyl carbonate. There are disadvantages.
[0007]
On the other hand, a heterogeneous catalyst solves such a problem, and examples thereof include a silica-titania solid acid catalyst (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-125617) and a strong base containing a quaternary ammonium salt as an exchange group. Sex exchange resins (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-238043) and cation exchange resins containing sulfonic acid groups and carboxylic acid groups as exchange groups (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-31737) have been proposed. However, these solid catalyst systems have problems such as heat resistance and stability during long-term use, and also have problems such as insufficient catalytic activity.
[0008]
Further, a basic compound of an alkaline earth metal (JP-A-6-48993) has been proposed, but there is a problem that this solid catalyst has high solubility in a reaction solution. Also, oxides of zirconium, titanium and tin (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-41432) have been proposed, but experiments by the present inventors have confirmed that they have insufficient catalytic activity.
[0009]
Further, it has been reported that the residual OH group has a reaction activity in alumina having a pseudo-boehmite structure (US Pat. No. 6,207,850 B1). It has been found that the catalyst does not have enough catalytic activity to be applicable to practical use.
[0010]
Further, an oxide of a metal belonging to Group 3B of the periodic table (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-211751), a bismuth oxide (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-59558), a manganese oxide (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-59559), and the like are used. Although they have been proposed, it has been confirmed by experiments of the present inventors that these have not solved the problem of solubility in the reaction solution.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a dialkyl carbonate by subjecting a dialkylene carbonate and an alcohol to a transesterification reaction in the presence of a catalyst. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for industrially advantageously producing a dialkyl carbonate using a solid catalyst which is hardly soluble in a liquid.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, it has been found that the above problems can be solved by using a catalyst in which a specific metal oxide such as zirconium, titanium, and tin is supported on a porous carrier. And arrived at the present invention.
[0013]
That is, the present invention provides a method for producing a dialkyl carbonate by subjecting an alkylene carbonate and an alcohol to a transesterification reaction using a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a group consisting of a 4A group element and a 4B group element of the short-periodic periodic table. A method for producing a dialkyl carbonate, characterized by using a supported catalyst in which a metal oxide containing at least one selected metal element is supported on a porous carrier.
[0014]
According to experiments performed by the present inventors, when only the above specific metal oxide is used as a catalyst in the transesterification reaction system between an alkylene carbonate and an alcohol, the yield of the desired product is low. It was confirmed that when the catalyst supported on the porous carrier was used, the target product could be obtained in high yield. Although the details of this reason are not clear, when the specific metal oxide is supported on a porous carrier, high dispersion is possible and quantitative improvement of the active site can be achieved. It is considered that the improvement effect is achieved and the target product can be obtained in high yield.
[0015]
In the present invention, the metal element of the catalyst is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of zirconium, titanium and tin, and particularly preferably zirconium.
[0016]
The porous carrier preferably contains aluminum oxide, and the content of the metal oxide in the supported catalyst is preferably 1 to 20% by weight based on such a porous carrier.
[0017]
Further, the porous carrier preferably has a specific surface area of 50 to 500 m 2 / g and a pore volume of 0.2 to 2 cc / g.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the method for producing a dialkyl carbonate of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0019]
In the present invention, specific examples of the alkylene carbonate as a raw material include ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, 1,2-butylene carbonate, 2,3-butylene carbonate, 1,2-pentylene carbonate, styrene carbonate, and 3-methoxy- Examples thereof include 1,2-propylene carbonate and 3-ethoxy-1,2-propylene carbonate. These may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. Among these, ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate are easily available and advantageous as the alkylene carbonate.
[0020]
Specific examples of the raw material alcohol include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, i-propyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, i-butyl alcohol, pentyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, and 2-ethylhexyl alcohol. , Decyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, tetradecyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol, octadecyl alcohol, allyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, cyclohexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol Monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, etc. And the like. Among them, aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms are preferable, and methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol are preferable from the viewpoint of reactivity.
[0021]
In the present invention, in the transesterification reaction between the alkylene carbonate and the alcohol, as a catalyst, a metal containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of a group 4A element and a group 4B element in the short-period table. A supported catalyst in which an oxide, preferably at least one metal oxide of zirconium, titanium and tin is supported on a porous carrier is used.
[0022]
Raw materials for these metal oxides include, for example, nitrates, sulfates, acetates, oxynitrates, basic carbonates, basic oxalates, hydroxides, oxyhydroxides, chlorides, oxychlorides, Fine particle oxide sols and alkoxides such as methoxide, ethoxide, isopropoxide and butoxide are used, but are not limited to these. Examples of zirconium oxide include zirconium oxynitrate, zirconium oxychloride, zirconium butoxide, zirconocene dichloride, zirconium ammonium carbonate, basic zirconium carbonate, and zirconium oxide ultrafine sol. Examples of raw materials for titanium oxide include titanium tetrachloride, titanium sulfate, titanium isopropoxide, titanium butoxide, titanium ammonium oxalate, ultrafine sol of titanium oxide, and the like. Examples include, but are not particularly limited to, butyltin, dibutyltin oxide, tin chloride, tin sulfate, tin acetate, triphenyltin acetate, and ultrafine sol of tin oxide.
[0023]
The content of the metal oxide in the supported catalyst is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 5 to 15% by weight based on the porous carrier. If the content of the metal oxide is too small, it is considered that the content of the metal oxide, which is considered to form an active site, is not sufficient to obtain sufficient activity, and if the content is too large, the dispersion of the metal oxide is considered. Is not sufficient, the desired activity cannot be obtained, and it is considered that sufficient activity cannot be obtained even if the pores are blocked by aggregation of the metal oxide.
[0024]
The porous carrier used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the above-mentioned transesterification reaction. Examples thereof include silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, silica-alumina, zirconia-titania, and silica-zirconia. , Alumina-titania, silica-titania, alumina-zirconia and other inorganic carriers, kaolinite, halloysite, chrysotile, montmorillonite, beidellite, savonite, hexolite, sauconite, muscovite, phlogopite, biotite, hydrotalcite, talc, etc. Clay minerals and the like. As the porous carrier, silica and alumina are preferable in consideration of availability and the like, and alumina is considered to be particularly preferable.
[0025]
No particular limitation is imposed on the specific surface area of the porous carrier used in the present invention, 50 to 500 m 2 / g and is more preferably 100 to 300 m 2 / g. If the specific surface area of the porous carrier is too small, the dispersion of the metal oxides that are considered to form active sites is not sufficient, and it is considered that sufficient catalytic activity cannot be obtained. It is conceivable that the average pore diameter becomes small and the activity in the pores decreases during the reaction due to insufficient diffusion in the pores.
[0026]
The pore volume of the porous carrier used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.2 to 2 cc / g, more preferably 0.4 to 1.6 cc / g. That is, when carrying the metal oxide on the supported catalyst, usually, a raw material solution of the metal oxide is used, so if the pore volume of the porous carrier is too small, it is sufficient from the limitation of the solubility of the raw material in the solution. However, if the pore volume is too large, the breaking strength of the porous carrier is weakened, which is considered to be unsuitable for practical use.
[0027]
The shape of the porous carrier used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a fine powder having a particle size of about 100 μm, a sphere, a column, or any other molded or granulated material. It is good, but in consideration of liquid permeability during the reaction, it is desirable to be a molded product or a granulated product.
[0028]
As a method for preparing the supported catalyst used in the present invention, a conventionally known method, for example,
(A) a method of dissolving the metal oxide raw material in an aqueous solvent or an organic solvent, impregnating the same with a porous carrier to be used, and then appropriately heat-treating and drying or calcining the same; When an acid salt is used, this raw material salt is dissolved in an aqueous solvent or an organic solvent, impregnated into a porous carrier to be used, and then added with an alkali to be deposited as a metal hydroxide on the carrier. (C) When an alkoxide is used as a metal oxide raw material, the porous carrier is impregnated with the alkoxide, and then water is added thereto to form a metal hydroxide on the carrier. For example, a method of depositing as a material, followed by appropriate heat treatment and drying or firing may be employed.
[0029]
Next, the reaction conditions for performing the transesterification reaction according to the method of the present invention using such a supported catalyst will be described.
[0030]
The molar ratio of the starting material alkylene carbonate and alcohol is not particularly limited, but if the molar ratio of alcohol to alkylene carbonate is too large, the amount of alcohol that needs to be recovered becomes excessively large, and if it is too small, the conversion ratio of alkylene carbonate is reduced. Therefore, the molar ratio of the alcohol to the alkylene carbonate is preferably selected in the range of 1 to 20.
[0031]
The amount of the supported catalyst is not particularly limited, but when the reaction is carried out in a batch system, it is usually preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight based on the raw material (that is, the total weight of the alkylene carbonate and the alcohol). , More preferably in the range of 1 to 15% by weight.
[0032]
The reaction time varies depending on the type of the starting alkylene carbonate and alcohol and the molar ratio of the two, the reaction temperature, the amount of the catalyst used, the reaction method, and the like, but is usually 0.2 to 20 hours, preferably 0.5 to 5 hours. Range.
[0033]
As a reaction method, when the reaction is performed in a batch system, a method is generally used in which a predetermined amount of a raw material and a catalyst are charged into a reactor, the inside of the reactor is replaced with nitrogen, and then heated and pressurized for a predetermined time. is there. When the reaction is carried out continuously, a mixed solution in which the molar ratio of alkylene carbonate and alcohol is continuously supplied to a reactor kept at a constant temperature, and the generated dialkyl carbonate is used as an unreacted raw material. As a mixed solution, a method of continuously extracting the mixed solution from the reactor is generally used.
[0034]
When a powdery catalyst is used as the catalyst in the reactor, the suspension bed type, in which the catalyst is suspended in a mixed solution of feedstock and the catalyst is continuously supplied, is formed as a catalyst. When a product or granulated product is used, a fixed bed type using a filled tubular reactor is generally used. The liquid passing condition at this time can be usually in the range of 0.1 to 50 / hr, more preferably 0.2 to 10 / hr, when represented by the liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) with respect to the catalyst.
[0035]
The reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably in the range of 50 to 300 ° C, and more preferably in the range of 100 to 200 ° C. When the reaction temperature is lower than this range, the reaction rate decreases, and when the reaction temperature is higher than this range, a side reaction is promoted. The reaction pressure is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20 MPa, more preferably in the range of normal pressure to 2 MPa.
[0036]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following description examples as long as the gist is not exceeded. In the following examples, the quantification of the reaction product was performed by gas chromatography, and the conversion and the yield were determined by the following equations.
[0037]
(Equation 1)
[0038]
Example 1
The 50g was diluted with pure water (20 wt% containing as Nippon Light made "Bacote20" ZrO 2) ammonium zirconium carbonate solution to obtain an aqueous solution of 140 mL. Next, this aqueous solution was impregnated average particle size 1.6mm diameter of γ- alumina support (Nikki Universal Ltd. "NST-5" specific surface area = 186m 2 / g, pore volume = 0.96cc / g) to 100g After that, this was transferred into a rotary evaporator container, and treated at room temperature under atmospheric pressure for 30 minutes with stirring, then at 1333 Pa under reduced pressure at room temperature, and further stirred at 1333 Pa at 80 ° C. under reduced pressure. For 1 hour. Finally, the dried particles were taken out of the rotary evaporator container, and calcined at 120 ° C. for 3 hours and further at 400 ° C. for 3 hours in a calcining furnace under air flow to obtain a supported catalyst. The ZrO 2 content based on the γ-alumina support in the supported catalyst was 8.0% by weight.
[0039]
The OH group content of the γ-alumina carrier (NST-5) used in this example was measured by solid 1 H-NMR under the conditions shown below, and was 4.2% by weight. .
[0040]
[Measurement of OH content by solid 1 H-NMR]
[0041]
(Measurement method)
Sample preparation method: The γ-alumina carrier was pulverized in a mortar and dried by heating under reduced pressure in a 150 ° C. oil bath for 12 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the sample tube was filled in a glove box under a nitrogen atmosphere. The OH content was determined based on the integrated intensity of the 1 H-NMR spectrum of the D 2 O / H 2 O mixed solution. The D 2 O / H 2 O ratio is 83.8 / 16.2. In this measurement, 839.9 mg of D 2 O and 159.9 mg of H 2 O were weighed, and a solution containing 16.0% of H 2 O was prepared and used for the measurement.
[0042]
(Measurement condition)
Apparatus: Bruker “MSL-300”
Probe: 4mmΦCP / MAS probe Measurement: 1 H- Single pulse method Sample rotation speed: 10 kHz
Pulse width: 2.7 μs (flip angle 90 °)
Waiting time: 30 seconds Number of accumulations: 128 Observation width: 100 kHz
(After subtracting the signal derived from the background, an integration process was performed. The area included the spinning side band.)
[0043]
120 cc of the produced supported catalyst was filled into a reaction tube equipped with a stainless steel fluidized bath jacket having an inner diameter of 25 mm, and a raw material solution obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate (EC) and methanol at a molar ratio of 1: 2 was mixed with a metering pump. The solution was passed at a space velocity of 1 / hr. Next, the pressure was set to 1.96 MPa, and the temperature of the fluidized bath was controlled such that the temperatures in the catalyst layers became 110 ° C., 130 ° C., and 150 ° C., respectively, to carry out the reaction. At each temperature, the reaction solution was sampled 6 hours after the temperature in the reactor was stabilized at a predetermined temperature, and the amount of the product and the amount of the eluted metal were determined.
[0044]
Table 1 shows the ethylene carbonate conversion (EC conversion), dimethyl carbonate yield (DMC yield), ethylene glycol yield (EG yield), and the amount of eluted metal at this time.
[0045]
Further, the activation energy of the dimethyl carbonate formation reaction was calculated from these temperature dependence data, and was found to be 4918 cal / mol.
[0046]
Comparative Example 1
44 g of microcrystalline cellulose (“Avicel TG-101” manufactured by Asahi Kasei) and 100 g of zirconium hydroxide powder (“Z-999” manufactured by Nippon Metal Chemicals) and 788 g of alumina powder (“AKP-50” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical) and pure water After adding 250 g, the mixture was kneaded in a kneader for 2 hours, and then extruded to obtain a cylindrical molded product having a diameter of 3 mm. The formed body was fired at 120 ° C. for 3 hours and further at 400 ° C. for 3 hours in a firing furnace under an air flow to obtain a catalyst. Incidentally, the ZrO 2 content of this catalyst was 8.9% by weight.
[0047]
Table 1 shows the EC conversion, DMC yield, EG yield and amount of eluted metal obtained from the reaction solution at each reaction temperature when the above prepared catalyst was reacted in the same manner as in Example 1. .
[0048]
Further, the activation energy of the dimethyl carbonate formation reaction was calculated from these temperature dependence data, and was found to be 8824 cal / mol.
[0049]
Comparative Example 2
The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that only a γ-alumina carrier (“NST-5” manufactured by JGC Universal) was used as the loaded catalyst. Table 1 shows the EC conversion, the DMC yield, the EG yield, and the amount of eluted metal obtained from the reaction solution at each reaction temperature at this time.
[0050]
Further, the activation energy of the dimethyl carbonate formation reaction was calculated from these temperature dependence data, and was found to be 8746 cal / mol.
[0051]
Comparative Example 3
258 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 196 g of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate are dissolved in 1.34 L of pure water, charged in a 7 L stirring tank in advance, dissolved by stirring, and then 4.4 kg of a 12% by weight aqueous solution of ammonium bicarbonate. The solution was added dropwise over about 0.5 minutes. The resulting slurry containing the precipitate was filtered under pressure, washed with pure water, and dried at 120 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain 196 g of a catalyst precursor. 40 parts by weight of water was added to 100 parts by weight of the catalyst precursor, and the mixture was heated and kneaded to form a slurry, and a cylindrical extruded product having a diameter of 4 mm was obtained using a vacuum extruder. The molded body was dried at 120 ° C. overnight, and subsequently calcined at a temperature of 600 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a catalyst. The resulting catalyst had a metal atomic ratio of yttrium: cobalt of 1: 1.
[0052]
Table 1 shows the EC conversion, the DMC yield, the EG yield, and the amount of eluted metal obtained from the reaction solution when the reaction was carried out at 140 ° C. in the same manner as in Example 1 using the prepared catalyst. .
[0053]
[Table 1]
[0054]
Table 1 shows that according to the present invention, a dialkyl carbonate can be efficiently produced at a high conversion and a high yield.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the method for producing a dialkyl carbonate of the present invention, the transesterification reaction from an alkylene carbonate and an alcohol to a dialkyl carbonate proceeds rapidly, and furthermore, since the catalyst component is insoluble in the reaction solution, the reaction Separation of the liquid and the catalyst is easy, and a reduction in yield due to a reverse reaction, a decomposition, a polymerization reaction, or the like due to a residual catalyst in a distillation step, which is observed with a homogeneous catalyst, can be prevented.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention makes it possible to efficiently produce industrially useful dialkyl carbonates as various solvents, synthesis raw materials, and the like, and contributes to industrial development.
Claims (6)
該触媒として、短周期型周期表の4A族元素及び4B族元素よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属元素を含む金属酸化物を、多孔質担体に担持してなる担持触媒を用いることを特徴とするジアルキルカーボネートの製造方法。A method for producing a dialkyl carbonate by subjecting an alkylene carbonate and an alcohol to a transesterification reaction using a catalyst,
As the catalyst, it is preferable to use a supported catalyst obtained by supporting a metal oxide containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of a group 4A element and a group 4B element of the short-periodic table on a porous carrier. A method for producing a dialkyl carbonate.
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| JP2002168805A JP2004010571A (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2002-06-10 | Method for producing dialkyl carbonate |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007209977A (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-08-23 | Petrochina Co Ltd | Heterogeneous solid base catalyst and process and use of the catalyst |
| US7425372B2 (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2008-09-16 | Ge Toshiba Silicones Co., Ltd. | Coating agent composition |
| WO2011045657A1 (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2011-04-21 | Eni S.P.A. | Gas oil composition comprising dialkyl carbonate from bioalcohol |
| WO2011073780A1 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2011-06-23 | Eni S.P.A. | Composition comprising diethyl carbonate derived from bioethanol from vegetable oil |
| WO2011073779A1 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Eni S.P.A. | Gas oil composition comprising biodiesel and diethyl carbonate from bioethanol |
| CN102464587A (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2012-05-23 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Method for preparing micromolecular dialkyl carbonate by ester exchange |
| CN114210273A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-22 | 常州化工设计院有限公司 | Preparation process of ethylene carbonate |
| WO2025002241A1 (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2025-01-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Porous carbon carrier-supported catalyst, preparation method therefor and use thereof |
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2002
- 2002-06-10 JP JP2002168805A patent/JP2004010571A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7425372B2 (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2008-09-16 | Ge Toshiba Silicones Co., Ltd. | Coating agent composition |
| JP2007209977A (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-08-23 | Petrochina Co Ltd | Heterogeneous solid base catalyst and process and use of the catalyst |
| WO2011045657A1 (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2011-04-21 | Eni S.P.A. | Gas oil composition comprising dialkyl carbonate from bioalcohol |
| WO2011073780A1 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2011-06-23 | Eni S.P.A. | Composition comprising diethyl carbonate derived from bioethanol from vegetable oil |
| WO2011073779A1 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Eni S.P.A. | Gas oil composition comprising biodiesel and diethyl carbonate from bioethanol |
| CN102464587A (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2012-05-23 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Method for preparing micromolecular dialkyl carbonate by ester exchange |
| CN114210273A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-22 | 常州化工设计院有限公司 | Preparation process of ethylene carbonate |
| CN114210273B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-09-05 | 常州化工设计院有限公司 | Preparation process of ethylene carbonate |
| WO2025002241A1 (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2025-01-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Porous carbon carrier-supported catalyst, preparation method therefor and use thereof |
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