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JP2004098114A - Reinforcement welding method to suppress weld cracking - Google Patents

Reinforcement welding method to suppress weld cracking Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004098114A
JP2004098114A JP2002262236A JP2002262236A JP2004098114A JP 2004098114 A JP2004098114 A JP 2004098114A JP 2002262236 A JP2002262236 A JP 2002262236A JP 2002262236 A JP2002262236 A JP 2002262236A JP 2004098114 A JP2004098114 A JP 2004098114A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
welding
transformation temperature
welded
low transformation
reinforcement
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JP2002262236A
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JP3787622B2 (en
Inventor
Akihiko Ota
太田 昭彦
Naoyuki Suzuki
鈴木 直之
Yoshio Maeda
前田 芳夫
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National Institute for Materials Science
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National Institute for Materials Science
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Priority to JP2002262236A priority Critical patent/JP3787622B2/en
Application filed by National Institute for Materials Science filed Critical National Institute for Materials Science
Priority to EP03797566A priority patent/EP1550526A4/en
Priority to KR1020057004014A priority patent/KR100659030B1/en
Priority to CNB038213524A priority patent/CN100418689C/en
Priority to PCT/JP2003/011513 priority patent/WO2004026519A1/en
Priority to US10/527,219 priority patent/US20050252888A1/en
Publication of JP2004098114A publication Critical patent/JP2004098114A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3787622B2 publication Critical patent/JP3787622B2/en
Priority to US11/727,104 priority patent/US20070181538A1/en
Priority to US12/636,241 priority patent/US20100089877A1/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of welding in which the fatigue strength is improved and the weld crack is prevented in a reinforcement welding in which a welding material having a low transformation temperature is used. <P>SOLUTION: The welding is performed by suppressing a thermal history in a welding material having a low transformation temperature by moving a weld line in a straight line in the method of the reinforcement welding in which a welding material having a low transformation temperature is used. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【発明の属する技術分野】
この出願の発明は大きい溶接部疲労強度を必要とする溶接構造物の補強溶接方法に関するものである。さらに詳しくは、この出願の発明は低変態温度溶接材料を使用する補強溶接方法において、溶接割れの発生を抑制する溶接方法に関するものである。
【従来の技術とその課題】
従来から構造物の溶接や補修時の溶接に際しては、冷却に伴う熱収縮によって溶接部に引張りの残留応力が誘起されて溶接部の疲労強度が低下するという問題が避けられなかった。
この課題を解決するために、この出願の発明者は溶接が完了する室温もしくはその付近の温度でマルテンサイト変態膨張が終了する溶接材料、いわゆる低変態温度溶接材料と不活性のシールドガスを使用する「溶接方法」を提案しており、これらはすでに特許登録されている(特許第3010211号)。
この新しい「溶接方法」によって溶接構造物の疲労強度は著しく改善された。しかしながら、この低変態温度溶接材料は、補強溶接によって溶接部近傍への圧縮残留応力の導入により疲労強度を向上させようとする場合、補強部位において、繰り返し高温加熱されると溶接割れ(Weld Crack)を生じることがある。
従来一般の溶接方法では繰り返し加熱されても溶接割れが発生しない溶接材料を使用していたため、溶接された後の溶接部の形状には注意が払われていたが溶接材料の繰り返し加熱についてはほとんど関心が払われてこなかった。
したがって、溶接疲労強度を改善するために低変態温度溶接材料を使用する場合でも、溶接方法は従来の溶接方法と同じく溶接部材に対して繰り返し加熱する方法がそのまま採用されることがあるため、低変態温度溶接材料の使用によって、溶接疲労強度が向上することが期待されるにもかかわらず、溶接部に溶接割れが発生することにより、その効果を充分に発揮することができないという事態が生じる。
そこで、この出願の発明は、以上の事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、発明者が提案し、実際的にも優れた効果が得られている低変態温度溶接材料の特徴を生かし、溶接割れの発生を抑制して溶接部の疲労強度を確実に向上することができる新しい補強溶接方法を提供することを課題としている。
【課題を解決するための手段】
この出願の発明は、上記の課題を解決するためのものとして、第1には、低変態温度溶接材料を使用する補強溶接方法において、低変態温度溶接材料に溶接温度による熱履歴を回避しながら溶接する方法を提供する。また、第2には、低変態温度溶接材料を使用する補強溶接方法において、水平附加構造物の端部溶接止端部の上側から側面を経由して下側を溶接する方法を、第3には、溶接線が直線状になるように移動させながら溶接する方法を、また、第4には、溶接方法が低変態温度溶接材料を使用するアーク溶接であることを特徴とする方法を提供する。
【発明の実施の形態】
この出願の発明は上記のとおりの特徴をもつものであるが、以下にその実施の形態について説明する。まずなによりも特徴的なことは、この出願の発明は低変態温度溶接材料を使用する補強溶接方法において、溶接材料に対して繰り返し加熱するような、いわゆる高温履歴を避けることである。
たとえば、従来の溶接方法で垂直の構造体に水平方向の板状体を溶接する場合、溶落を防止し、溶接部の溶接形状を重視するために水平方向の板状体の下側から溶接を開始して溶接線を鉄道がスイッチバックするように左右に振りながら上昇させて板状体の上側まで溶接する方法が採用されてきた。このように従来の溶接方法は溶接線を左右に振りながら下側から上方に向かって順次溶接材を積み上げるようにして溶接するため一旦冷却されかかった下側の溶接材がその上側を通る溶接線によって加熱が繰り返されていた。そして、従来の溶接材料を使用する場合はこのような溶接方法で何ら問題はなかった。
しかしながら、溶接材料として低変態温度溶接材料を使用する場合にこのような溶接方法をそのまま適用すると低変態温度溶接材料が繰り返し加熱を受けて溶接割れを生じやすく、本来の疲労強度を向上する効果を充分に実現できないことがある。
図3及び図4はこの出願の発明と比較するために、低変態温度溶接材料を使用するものの、従来の補強溶接方法で溶接する時の態様を示したものである。図4は垂直構造物(A)に附加構造物(B)が溶接されている状態を示す側面図である。そして(1)は既溶接部材であり、(2)は補強溶接部材である。図3は図4の左側正面から見た時の模式図であり、水平附加構造物(B)の周囲は既溶接部材(1)で溶接されており、その既溶接部材(1)の周囲は低変態温度溶接材料からなる補強溶接部材(2)で被覆されている。
そして、図3で示す従来の補強溶接方法は、まず水平附加構造物(B)の下側(4)を溶接した後、溶接線(3)を鉄道が急坂を登る時にスイッチバックするような経路で下方から上方へ移動しながら側面(6)を溶接して上側の端部(7)に達した後に上側(8)を溶接する。
この補強溶接方法は溶接線(3)を左右に振りながら上昇する過程で、一旦冷却されかかった下側の溶接部材がその上側を通る溶接線(3)によって熱を繰り返し受けるため補強溶接部が溶接割れ(9)を生じる原因となっていた。
そこで、この出願の発明は溶接に際し熱履歴をなるべく受けないように従来とは逆に板状体の溶接部の上側から溶接を開始して溶接線が直線状になるように下降させながら溶接し最後に下側を溶接する。
なお、上側から下側に向かって溶接するのは、低変態温度溶接材料の粘性が高く溶落しにくい性質を利用することと、この方が操作も簡便であり放熱効果も良好なためである。
図1及び図2はこの出願の発明による溶接方法を示したものである。図1は図2の左側正面から見た模式図であり、水平附加構造物(B)の周囲は既溶接部材(1)で溶接されており、その既溶接部材(1)の周囲は低変態温度溶接材料からなる補強溶接部材(2)で被覆されている。この出願の発明の補強溶接方法では、図3で示した従来の溶接方法とは逆に水平附加物(B)の上側(8)を溶接した後、溶接線(3)の矢印で示すように、附加物の側面(6)に沿って下向きに直線状に溶接し、溶接線(3)が附加物の下側端部(5)に達した後に下側(4)を補強溶接する。
すなわち、この出願の溶接方法は従来の溶接法のように溶接を下側から始め溶接線を鉄道のスイッチバックの様に左右に振りながら上昇させて順次溶接材を積み上げるようにして溶接する方法ではなく、上方から下方に向けて一直線に溶接するため低変態温度溶接材料に対する熱履歴がなく、溶接割れを防止することができる。
しかも低変態温度溶接材料を使用しているので溶接部近傍に誘起される圧縮残留応力の効果で疲労強度の向上が実現される。
たとえば実際に、垂直構造物(A)としてJIS:SM 570Q鋼、水平附加構造物(B)としてこれと同じものを用い、溶接材料JIS:YGW21を用いて溶接した場合のものに、この出願の発明によって、補強溶接部材として、その組成(wt%)が、C:0.025,Si:0.32,Mu:0.70,Ni:10.0,Cr:10.0,Mo:0.13,残部Feのものを用いて補強溶接を行った。
補強溶接では、溶接電圧28V、溶接電流180〜200A、溶接速度50〜60cm/minであり、アルゴンガス80%および炭酸ガス20%のものをシールドガスとして25l/minで供給してのアーク溶接を行った。
この結果、補強溶接前の疲労限は40MPaであったものが、補強溶接後には85MPaとなった。
一方、前記の従来方法で行った場合には、割れが生じてしまった。
もちろん以上の例ではシールドガスを用いてのアーク溶接について説明したが、シールドガスを用いない被覆アーク溶接の場合にもこの出願の方法によってほぼ同様の効果が確認されている。
なお、以上の説明においては「上側」「下側」の表現がなされているが、これは溶接構造を図2および図4のように垂直構造物(A)に対して水平附加構造物(B)が溶接されている場合と仮定しての規定である。
従って、この図2及び図4の構造が全体として回転して配置されている溶接構造や、さらには水平附加構造物(B)が直交せずに傾斜して溶接されている構造についても図2及び図4の配置のように考えることでこの出願の説明が適用されることは言うまでもない。
そして、この出願の説明において使用されている「低変態温度溶接材料」については、発明者により提案されている先行発明(特許第3010211号)に規定されたものである。
【発明の効果】
高い溶接強度を必要とする溶接構造物の補強溶接において、疲労強度が向上するとともに溶接割れの発生を防止した補強溶接方法が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この出願の発明による補強溶接経路を側面から見た模式図である。
【図2】この出願の発明による附加構造物を溶接した状態を示した断面図である。
【図3】従来法の補強溶接経路を側面から見た模式図である。
【図4】従来法の附加構造物を溶接した状態を示した断面図である。
【符号の説明】
A 垂直構造物
B 水平附加構造物
1 既溶接部材
2 補強溶接部材
3 補強溶接の溶接線
4 附加構造物の下側
5 附加構造物の下側端部
6 附加構造物の側面
7 附加構造物の上側端部
8 附加構造物の上側
9 溶接割れ
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application relates to a method for reinforcing welding of a welded structure requiring a large weld fatigue strength. More specifically, the invention of this application relates to a reinforcement welding method using a low transformation temperature welding material, which relates to a welding method for suppressing the occurrence of welding cracks.
[Prior art and its problems]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when welding a structure or repairing the structure, a problem has been unavoidable in that thermal contraction due to cooling induces a tensile residual stress in the welded portion, thereby lowering the fatigue strength of the welded portion.
In order to solve this problem, the inventor of the present application uses a welding material in which martensitic transformation expansion ends at or near room temperature at which welding is completed, a so-called low transformation temperature welding material and an inert shielding gas. "Welding methods" have been proposed, and these have already been registered as patents (Japanese Patent No. 3010211).
This new "welding method" has significantly improved the fatigue strength of welded structures. However, when the low transformation temperature welding material is intended to improve fatigue strength by introducing compressive residual stress in the vicinity of the welded portion by reinforcement welding, welding cracks (weld cracks) occur when the reinforcement is repeatedly heated to high temperatures. May occur.
Conventional welding methods used welding materials that do not cause welding cracks even when repeatedly heated, so attention was paid to the shape of the welded part after welding. Interest has not been paid.
Therefore, even when a low transformation temperature welding material is used to improve the welding fatigue strength, a method of repeatedly heating the welded member as in the conventional welding method may be employed as it is, so that a low welding temperature may be used. Although the use of the transformation temperature welding material is expected to improve the welding fatigue strength, the occurrence of a weld crack in the welded portion may cause a situation in which the effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited.
Therefore, the invention of this application has been made in view of the above circumstances, and makes use of the characteristics of a low transformation temperature welding material proposed by the inventor and having actually obtained excellent effects. An object of the present invention is to provide a new reinforcement welding method that can suppress the occurrence of cracks and reliably improve the fatigue strength of a weld.
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of this application is to solve the above-mentioned problem. First, in a reinforcement welding method using a low transformation temperature welding material, the low transformation temperature welding material is prevented from being heated by the welding temperature. Provide a method of welding. Secondly, in a reinforcing welding method using a low transformation temperature welding material, a method of welding a lower side via a side surface from an upper side of an end welding toe of a horizontal additional structure, and a third method. Provides a method for welding while moving the welding line so as to be linear, and fourthly, a method characterized in that the welding method is arc welding using a low transformation temperature welding material. .
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The invention of this application has the features as described above, and embodiments thereof will be described below. Most notably, the invention of this application avoids a so-called high-temperature history, such as repeated heating of the welding material, in a reinforcing welding method using a low transformation temperature welding material.
For example, when a horizontal plate is welded to a vertical structure using the conventional welding method, welding is performed from the bottom of the horizontal plate to prevent erosion and emphasize the welding shape of the welded part. Has been adopted, and the welding line is raised while swinging left and right so that the railway switches back, and welding is performed to the upper side of the plate-like body. As described above, in the conventional welding method, since the welding material is sequentially piled up from the lower side while welding the welding line left and right, the lower welding material once cooled is passing through the upper side of the welding line. Heating was repeated. When a conventional welding material is used, there is no problem with such a welding method.
However, if a low transformation temperature welding material is used as the welding material, if such a welding method is applied as it is, the low transformation temperature welding material will be repeatedly heated, and will tend to cause welding cracks, thereby improving the original fatigue strength. There are times when this cannot be fully realized.
FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show an aspect of welding by a conventional reinforcing welding method, although a low transformation temperature welding material is used for comparison with the invention of this application. FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state where the additional structure (B) is welded to the vertical structure (A). (1) is a welded member, and (2) is a reinforcing welded member. FIG. 3 is a schematic view when viewed from the left front side of FIG. 4, and the periphery of the horizontal additional structure (B) is welded by the welded member (1), and the periphery of the welded member (1) is It is covered with a reinforcing welding member (2) made of a low transformation temperature welding material.
And the conventional reinforcement welding method shown in FIG. 3 firstly welds the lower side (4) of the horizontal additional structure (B), and then switches the welding line (3) back when the railway climbs a steep slope. The side (6) is welded while moving upward from below to reach the upper end (7), and then the upper side (8) is welded.
In this reinforcing welding method, the lower welding member once cooled is repeatedly subjected to heat by the welding line (3) passing over the lower welding member in the process of ascending while swinging the welding line (3) left and right, so that the reinforcing welding portion is formed. This caused weld cracks (9).
Therefore, the invention of this application starts welding from the upper side of the welded portion of the plate-like body, and reverses the welding while lowering the welding line so that the welding line is linear so that the welding history is not received as much as possible. Finally, the lower side is welded.
The welding from the upper side to the lower side is based on the fact that the low transformation temperature welding material has a high viscosity and is not easily melted off, and that this operation is simpler and has a better heat radiation effect.
1 and 2 show a welding method according to the invention of this application. FIG. 1 is a schematic view as viewed from the left front side of FIG. 2, and the periphery of the horizontal additional structure (B) is welded with a welded member (1), and the periphery of the welded member (1) is low transformation. It is covered with a reinforcing welding member (2) made of a temperature welding material. In the reinforcing welding method of the invention of this application, after welding the upper side (8) of the horizontal appendage (B) contrary to the conventional welding method shown in FIG. 3, as shown by the arrow of the welding line (3). Then, the welding is performed linearly downward along the side surface (6) of the attachment, and the lower side (4) is reinforcement-welded after the welding line (3) reaches the lower end portion (5) of the attachment.
That is, the welding method of this application is a method in which welding is started from the lower side and raised while swaying the welding line to the left and right like a switchback of a railway so that welding materials are sequentially stacked as in the conventional welding method. In addition, since welding is performed in a straight line from above to below, there is no heat history for the low transformation temperature welding material, and welding cracks can be prevented.
In addition, since a low transformation temperature welding material is used, improvement in fatigue strength is realized by the effect of compressive residual stress induced near the weld.
For example, in the case where the vertical structure (A) is actually welded using JIS: SM570Q steel as the vertical structure (A), the same as the horizontal additional structure (B), and using the welding material JIS: YGW21, According to the present invention, the composition (wt%) of the reinforcing welding member is as follows: C: 0.025, Si: 0.32, Mu: 0.70, Ni: 10.0, Cr: 10.0, Mo: 0. 13. Reinforcement welding was performed using the balance Fe.
In the reinforcement welding, the welding voltage is 28 V, the welding current is 180 to 200 A, the welding speed is 50 to 60 cm / min, and the arc welding is performed by supplying a gas of 80% argon gas and 20% carbon dioxide gas as a shielding gas at 25 l / min. went.
As a result, the fatigue limit before reinforcement welding was 40 MPa, but became 85 MPa after reinforcement welding.
On the other hand, when the above-described conventional method was used, cracks occurred.
Of course, in the above examples, arc welding using a shielding gas has been described. However, in the case of covered arc welding without using a shielding gas, substantially the same effect has been confirmed by the method of this application.
In the above description, “upper side” and “lower side” are used. This means that the welded structure is formed by adding the horizontal additional structure (B) to the vertical structure (A) as shown in FIGS. ) Is assumed to be welded.
Therefore, the welding structure in which the structures of FIGS. 2 and 4 are rotated as a whole and the structure in which the horizontal additional structure (B) is welded at an angle instead of orthogonally are also shown in FIG. It goes without saying that the description of this application is applied by thinking like the arrangement of FIG.
The "low transformation temperature welding material" used in the description of this application is defined in the prior invention (Japanese Patent No. 3010211) proposed by the inventor.
【The invention's effect】
In a reinforcement welding of a welded structure requiring a high welding strength, a reinforcement welding method is provided which has improved fatigue strength and prevents the occurrence of weld cracks.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a reinforcement welding path according to the invention of this application as viewed from the side.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a state where the additional structure according to the invention of this application is welded.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a conventional reinforcement welding path viewed from a side.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where an additional structure according to a conventional method is welded.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List A Vertical structure B Horizontal additional structure 1 Existing welded member 2 Reinforced weld member 3 Reinforcement welding weld line 4 Lower side of additional structure 5 Lower end 6 of additional structure 6 Side surface of additional structure 7 Upper end 8 Upper 9 of additional structure Weld crack

Claims (4)

低変態温度溶接材料を使用する補強溶接方法において、低変態温度溶接材料に溶接温度による熱履歴を回避しながら溶接することを特徴とする補強溶接方法。A reinforcing welding method using a low transformation temperature welding material, wherein the welding is performed while avoiding a heat history due to a welding temperature to the low transformation temperature welding material. 低変態温度溶接材料を使用する補強溶接方法において、水平附加構造物の端部の溶接止端部の上側から側面を経由して下側を溶接することを特徴とする請求項1の方法。The method according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing welding method using a low transformation temperature welding material is performed by welding the upper side of the toe of the end of the horizontal additional structure from the upper side to the lower side via the side surface. 溶接線が直線状になるように移動させながら溶接することを特徴とする請求項1または2の方法。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the welding is performed while moving the welding line so as to be linear. 低変態温度溶接材料を使用するアーク溶接であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかの方法。The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method is arc welding using a low transformation temperature welding material.
JP2002262236A 2002-09-09 2002-09-09 Reinforcement welding method to suppress weld cracking Expired - Lifetime JP3787622B2 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002262236A JP3787622B2 (en) 2002-09-09 2002-09-09 Reinforcement welding method to suppress weld cracking
KR1020057004014A KR100659030B1 (en) 2002-09-09 2003-09-09 Welding method using welding material of low transformation temperature
CNB038213524A CN100418689C (en) 2002-09-09 2003-09-09 Welding method using low transformation temperature welding material
PCT/JP2003/011513 WO2004026519A1 (en) 2002-09-09 2003-09-09 Welding method using welding material of low transformation temperature
EP03797566A EP1550526A4 (en) 2002-09-09 2003-09-09 WELDING PROCESS USING WELDING MATERIAL HAVING LOW TEMPERATURE OF PROCESSING
US10/527,219 US20050252888A1 (en) 2002-09-09 2003-09-09 Welding method using welding material of low transformation temperature
US11/727,104 US20070181538A1 (en) 2002-09-09 2007-03-23 Welding method using welding material having low transformation temperature
US12/636,241 US20100089877A1 (en) 2002-09-09 2009-12-11 Welding method using welding material having low transformation temperature

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2402103A1 (en) 2010-07-01 2012-01-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Fillet weld joint and method for gas shielded arc welding
JP2012086259A (en) * 2010-10-21 2012-05-10 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd Welding structure of exhaust manifold
US20120325780A1 (en) * 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 Delta Kogyo Co., Ltd. Thin plate-reinforcement structure utilizing reinforcing effect of weld bead and method of producing the same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2402103A1 (en) 2010-07-01 2012-01-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Fillet weld joint and method for gas shielded arc welding
US9457416B2 (en) 2010-07-01 2016-10-04 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Fillet weld joint and method for gas shielded arc welding
JP2012086259A (en) * 2010-10-21 2012-05-10 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd Welding structure of exhaust manifold
US20120325780A1 (en) * 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 Delta Kogyo Co., Ltd. Thin plate-reinforcement structure utilizing reinforcing effect of weld bead and method of producing the same
US9227271B2 (en) * 2011-06-22 2016-01-05 Delta Kogyo Co., Ltd Thin plate-reinforcement structure utilizing reinforcing effect of weld bead and method of producing the same

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