JP2003093910A - Safety device for crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the damage of rotary blades and a fixed blade due to overload when a load equal to or greater than a prescribed value acts on the fixed blade in shearing crushing by moving the fixed blade away in the direction of separation from the rotary blades by using a separation mechanism and to improve the shearing crushing efficiency of materials to be crushed. SOLUTION: A crushing chamber 2 is formed in a crusher body 1, a feeding port 3 is formed in the upper part of the crushing chamber, a rotary shaft 4 is installed horizontally in the crushing chamber, a rotor 5 is arranged on the rotary shaft, a plurality of rotary blades 8 are arranged in the outer circumferential portion of the rotor, and a fixed blade 9 which collaborates with the rotary blades to shear and crush the materials to be crushed is arranged in the crusher body. Furthermore, a separation mechanism 12 is arranged which moves the fixed blade away in the direction of separation from the rotary blades when a load equal to or greater than a prescribed value is applied to the fixed blade.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher safety device for crushing, for example, municipal waste, PET bottles, plastic scrap, industrial waste, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional crusher of this type, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-
As disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 103678 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-90258, a crushing chamber is formed in the crushing machine body, a rotary shaft is horizontally provided in the crushing chamber, and a roll-shaped rotary rotor is arranged on the rotary shaft. A uniaxial shearing structure in which a plurality of rotary blades are arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary rotor, and a fixed blade for shearing and crushing an object to be crushed is provided on the crushing machine body in cooperation with the rotary blades. Are known.

[0003]

However, in the case of these conventional structures, when the crushed object is sheared and crushed by the cooperation of the fixed blade and the rotary blade, depending on the material and the content of the crushed object, the rotary blade and the fixed blade are fixed. There is an inconvenience that an overload acts on the blade, the rotary blade and the fixed blade are damaged due to this overload, and the shear crushing efficiency of the crushed object is reduced.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve these problems. Among the present inventions, the invention according to claim 1 forms a crushing chamber portion in the crushing machine body and the crushing. A charging port is formed in the upper part of the chamber, a rotary shaft is horizontally provided in the crushing chamber, a rotary rotor is disposed on the rotary shaft, and a plurality of rotary blades are disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary rotor. Then, a fixed blade for shearing and crushing an object to be crushed is provided in the crushing machine body in cooperation with the rotary blade, and when a load more than a specified value acts on the fixed blade, the fixed blade is fixed to the rotary blade. In the safety device of the crusher, a relief mechanism for escaping in a direction away from is disposed.

According to the second aspect of the invention, as the escape mechanism, an escape member is provided on the crusher body so as to be able to escape by a fulcrum shaft, and the fixed blade is provided on the escape member. At the same time, a relief allowance mechanism is provided between the escapement member and the shredder body to allow the escapement of the escapement member when a load greater than a prescribed value is applied to the fixed blade. And again
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the escape allowance mechanism uses a torque limiter capable of canceling the transmission of rotation when a load torque exceeding a prescribed value is applied.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 1 to 7 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a crushing machine, and a crushing chamber 2 is provided inside.
Is formed, an input port 3 for the material to be crushed W is formed in the upper portion of the crushing chamber 2, a rotary shaft 4 is provided inside the crushing chamber 2, and a roll-shaped rotary rotor 5 is attached to the rotary shaft 4. , Rotary shaft rotor 5
A plurality of mounting portions 6 are formed on the outer peripheral surface 5a in a spiral shape with a constant phase difference, a holder member 7 is attached to each mounting portion 6, a rotary blade 8 is attached to each holder member 7, and the crusher body 1 side A fixed blade 9 for shearing and crushing the object to be crushed W in cooperation with the rotary blade 8 is disposed at the lower side of the rotary blade 8 and a discharge hole 10a.
The screen plate 10 having the is arranged.

In this case, the rotary blade 8 is formed in the shape of a prism having a square cross section, and two of the four ridgelines that are adjacent to each other in a substantially V shape are used as the rotary blade portion 8a.

Further, in this case, the fixed blade 9 is formed in the shape of an elongated plate, and has a substantially V shape of the plurality of rotary blades 8 and has a substantially corresponding shape corresponding to the rotary blade portion 8a composed of two adjacent ridge lines. Triangular fixed blade portion 9a composed of two adjacent ridge lines forming a V shape
The fixed blade portions 9a are continuously formed in a number corresponding to the number of the plurality of rotary blades 8 to form a saw blade shape as a whole.

Numeral T is an escape mechanism. In this case, fulcrum shafts 11 and 11 are laterally provided on both sides of the crushing machine body 1, and escaping around the fulcrum shafts 11 and 11 as a center. The member 12 is pivotally attached to the rotary blade 8 so as to be able to escape and swing in a direction away from the rotary blade 8, and the escape member 12 can obliquely guide the object W to be crushed introduced from the inlet 3 toward the rotary rotor 5. It consists of a downward guide bottom 12a and a blade mounting portion 12b. The fixed blade 9 is mounted on this blade mounting portion 12b, and the guide bottom 12a
Is pivotally attached to the fulcrum shafts 11 and 11, and the blade mounting portion 1 is attached to the crushing machine body 1.
A stopper member 13 composed of a bolt capable of abutting on the bottom surface of 2b is attached, and escapes when a fixed load is applied to the fixed blade 9 between each side surface of the guide bottom portion 12a and the side walls 1a and 1a of the shredder body 1. The escape permitting mechanism 14 that allows the escape of the member 12 is provided.

In this case, a torque capable of canceling the transmission of the rotation from the escape member 12 to the shredder body 1 side when the fixed blade 9 is applied with a load more than a specified value on the escape allowance mechanism 14/14. Limiters 15 and 15 are used. In the torque limiters 15 and 15, a plunger member 15b is slidably housed in a cylindrical body 15a, and the plunger member 15b is elastically protruded by a spring member 15c via a ball 15d. The spring pressure of the spring member 15c is adjusted by the adjusting bolt 15e while being urged, and the fitting recessed member 15f into which the plunger member 15b can be fitted / disengaged is provided. The cylindrical member 15a is attached to the side wall of the guide bottom of the escape member 12, and the fitting recess member 15
f is mounted by the mounting bolt 16, and in a normal state, the plunger member 15b is elastically fitted in the fitting recessed member 15f by the spring member 15c, and shearing and crushing is performed by the cooperation of the rotary blade 8 and the fixed blade 9. When a load larger than the specified value is applied to the fixed blade 9 due to the material and content of the crushed object W during the shear crushing, the fitting recessed member 15f moves the plunger member 15b back, as shown in FIGS. The tip portion 15g of the plunger member 15b has a concave portion 15h of the fitting concave member 15f.
The fulcrum shaft 11.1 is lifted up from the fulcrum shaft 11 by releasing the fitting between the fitting concave member 15f and the plunger member 15b.
The escape member 12 is configured to oscillate in a direction away from the rotary blade 8 around the center 1.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a rotating mechanism. In this case, a mounting base 18 is attached to the crushing machine body 1, a driving motor 19 is arranged on the mounting base 18, and the transmission mechanism 20 is rotated by rotation of the main shaft of the driving motor 19. The rotary shaft 4 is rotationally driven via the rotary shaft 4.

Reference numeral 21 is a pressing member, and 22 is a pressing mechanism. In this case, a fulcrum shaft 23 and a bearing 24 are attached to the mount 18.
The insertion opening 25 is formed on the upper side of the rotary rotor 5 of the crushing machine body 1, and the swinging member 26 that can be inserted into and removed from the insertion opening 25 is attached to the fulcrum shaft 23. A pressing member 21 having a width substantially the same as the width B of the crushing chamber 2 is provided at the tip.
And the rocking cylinder 27 is attached to the crusher body 1 by the pin 28.
Pivotally connected by means of a rod 27a of the swing cylinder 27
Is pivotally connected to the side portion of the swinging member 26 by a pin 29. Then, the swinging cylinder 27 causes the pressing member 21 to swing around the fulcrum shaft 23, and the crushed object W is controlled by a control means (not shown). The oscillating cylinder 27 is driven and controlled according to the input amount, the crushing particle size, and the like, and the crushing object W is pressed by the pressing member 21 toward the upper outer peripheral surface of the rotating rotor 5.

Since this embodiment has the above structure,
The crushed material W such as film sheets, runners, PET bottles, plastic wraps, and other municipal waste and industrial waste is artificially or automatically inserted into the crushing chamber 2 inside the crushing machine 1 through the charging port 3. In the lower part of the crushing chamber portion 2, the rotating mechanism 17 rotates the rotating shaft 4 to rotate the rotating rotor 5, and the rotating rotor 5 rotates the rotating blade 8 to rotate the rotating blade 8 in the direction of the arrow in the figure. The crushed object W is rotated around, and the crushed object W is sheared and crushed in cooperation with the fixed blade 9 attached to the crusher body 1 side by the rotation of the rotary blade 8, and the crushed object W is crushed. The object W to be crushed, which has fallen through the discharge hole 10a and is larger than the discharge hole 10a, is again turned to the upper side and then sheared and crushed again. In this way, the crushed object W is sheared and crushed.

At this time, when the fixed blade 9 is subjected to a load larger than the specified value, the escape permitting mechanism 14, 14 of the escape mechanism T causes the escape swinging around the fulcrum shaft 11 of the escape member 12. The fixed blade 9 as shown from the solid line to the imaginary line in FIG.
Will oscillate in a direction away from the rotary blade 8, and therefore damage to the rotary blade 8 and the fixed blade 9 due to overload can be prevented and the efficiency of shearing and crushing of the crushed object can be improved. be able to.

Further, in this case, as the escape permitting mechanism 14, since the torque limiter 15 that can release the transmission of the rotation when the load torque exceeding the specified value is applied is used,
After the structure can be simplified and the escape member 12 escapes due to overload and the cause of overload is removed,
In order to return the escape member 12 to the normal state, the escape member 12 is returned and rotated about the fulcrum shaft 11 in the direction of the rotary blade 8, and the tip end portion 15g of the plunger member 15b is fitted into the fitting recess member 15a. The recessed portion 15h is fitted by the spring member 15c, so that the original state can be easily restored, and the workability can be further improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but for example, the structures of the crushing machine body 1, the rotary blade 8, the fixed blade 9, the escape mechanism T, the escape allowance mechanism 14 and the like are appropriately designed. Will be changed.

[0017]

As described above, according to the present invention, the object to be crushed is put into the crushing chamber of the crushing machine through the charging port, and in the crushing chamber, Rotating the rotating shaft rotates the rotating rotor, rotating the rotating rotor rotates the rotating blade, and rotating the rotating blade cooperates with the fixed blade attached to the shredder body to shear and crush the object to be crushed. During the shear crushing, when a load exceeding the specified value is applied to the fixed blade, the fixed blade escapes in the direction away from the rotary blade due to the escape mechanism. It is possible to prevent damage to the fixed blade and improve the shearing and crushing efficiency of the crushed object.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an escape member is provided in the crusher body so as to be able to escape by a fulcrum shaft, the fixed blade is provided in the escape member, and the escape member is crushed. Since the escape allowance mechanism that allows the escape of the escape member when a load greater than the specified value is applied to the fixed blade is provided between the fixed blade and the machine body,
The structure of the escape mechanism can be simplified, and the escape member can be easily returned to its original position. In this case, when the escape torque of the escape allowance mechanism exceeds a specified load torque. Since the torque limiter that can release the rotation transmission is used, the structure can be further simplified.

As described above, the intended purpose can be sufficiently achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

W crushed material T escape mechanism 1 crushing machine 2 crushing room 4 rotation axes 5 rotating rotor 8 rotary blades 9 fixed blade 11 fulcrum axis 12 Relief member 14 Escape allowance mechanism 15 Torque limiter

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Ryohei Aida             1-11-1, Hanishi, Niigata City, Niigata Prefecture Niigata Prefecture             AIST (72) Inventor Hiroshi Ohno             1-11-1, Hanishi, Niigata City, Niigata Prefecture Niigata Prefecture             AIST (72) Masato Shirakawa, inventor             1-11-1, Hanishi, Niigata City, Niigata Prefecture Niigata Prefecture             AIST (72) Inventor Hiroshi Tanabe             1-11-1, Hanishi, Niigata City, Niigata Prefecture Niigata Prefecture             AIST (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Sugai             1-11-1, Hanishi, Niigata City, Niigata Prefecture Niigata Prefecture             AIST (72) Inventor Munemasa Ueno             7396 Kakizaki 10 Kazasaki, Kakizaki-cho, Nakakubiki-gun, Niigata Prefecture               Within Uenotex Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masakuni Sannomiya             7396 Kakizaki 10 Kazasaki, Kakizaki-cho, Nakakubiki-gun, Niigata Prefecture               Within Uenotex Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Norio Suzuki             7396 Kakizaki 10 Kazasaki, Kakizaki-cho, Nakakubiki-gun, Niigata Prefecture               Within Uenotex Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4D065 CA16 CB10 CC01 DD18 DD30                       EB14 EB20 ED29 ED43 EE07                       EE15

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A crushing chamber portion is formed in the crushing machine body, a charging port portion is formed in an upper portion of the crushing chamber portion, a rotary shaft is horizontally provided in the crushing chamber portion, and a rotary rotor is arranged on the rotary shaft. A plurality of rotary blades are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary rotor, and a fixed blade for shearing and crushing an object to be crushed is provided on the crusher body in cooperation with the rotary blades. A safety device for a crusher, comprising a relief mechanism for escaping the fixed blade in a direction away from the rotary blade when a load greater than a prescribed value is applied to the blade. 2. As the escape mechanism, an escape member is provided on the crusher body so as to be able to escape by a fulcrum shaft, the fixed blade is provided on the escape member, and the escape member and the crusher body are provided. The safety of the crusher according to claim 1, further comprising: a clearance allowing mechanism that allows the clearance of the clearance member when a load larger than a predetermined value is applied to the fixed blade. apparatus. 3. The safety device for a crusher according to claim 2, wherein the escape allowance mechanism uses a torque limiter capable of canceling the transmission of rotation when a load torque exceeding a prescribed value is applied. .