JP2002364834A - Mixing/heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To mix air and steam favorably without providing an air heater, which heats air to be mixed with steam, additionally, and without causing cohesion or condensation of the steam, in a mixing/heating device which continuously supplies hot mixture to an external apparatus by mixing relatively cold air and steam and heating them. SOLUTION: The mixing/heating device (1) is equipped with a combustion area (6) which produces combustion exhaust gas by combustive reaction and regenerative heat exchangers (11 and 12) which possesses passages capable of circulating cold air and combustion gas alternately. The heat exchangers are divided into air preheating sections (11A and 12A) which heat cold air, and mixture heating sections (11B and 12B) which heat the mixture of air and steam. Steam mixing chambers (11C and 12C), which can lead in steam, are made between the air preheating section and the mixture heating section, and the air preheating section heats the cold air to a temperature not less than the temperature of the steam, and leads it into the steam mixing chamber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mixing and heating apparatus, and more particularly, to mixing and heating relatively low-temperature air and steam to external equipment such as a gasification furnace and a reforming furnace. The present invention relates to a mixing and heating device for continuously supplying a high-temperature mixture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Combustion furnaces such as heating furnaces and incinerators, boilers such as fine-powder boilers and heavy oil boilers, gasification furnaces such as coal gasification furnaces and waste gasification furnaces, and solid or semi-solid substances are reduced in reducing atmosphere. There is known a pyrolysis furnace for performing pyrolysis in a reactor, and a reaction furnace such as a reforming furnace for reforming a pyrolysis gas. Supplying relatively high temperature preheated air to this type of furnace or combustion equipment,
In recent years, techniques for promoting the combustion reaction or the gasification action have received special attention. As a technique for heating combustion air to a high temperature, a heat storage type heat exchange device using a honeycomb type or a pellet type heat storage body is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-6911 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-213585) by the present applicant. Is disclosed. The heat storage type heat exchange device constitutes a combustion air supply system that uses a pair of heat storage materials to preheat air to a high temperature, and the heat storage material alternates between low-temperature air equivalent to the ambient temperature and combustion exhaust gas in the combustion area. Contact The heat storage body that has received heat in contact with the combustion exhaust gas is heated to a temperature equivalent to the combustion gas temperature, and the low-temperature air is in heat transfer contact with the heated heat storage body to receive heat and is preheated to a high temperature exceeding 800 ° C.

The present inventors have applied such a heat storage structure to provide a supply air flow heating device capable of continuously supplying a high-temperature air flow such as high-temperature air, high-temperature steam or high-temperature inert gas to a combustion furnace or the like. Developed and disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No.
246428) and the like. This type of heating apparatus has already been put into practical use as a high-temperature air generation apparatus capable of continuously supplying high-temperature air exceeding 800 ° C. and high-temperature steam to coal or a waste gasifier.

[0004]

The above-mentioned high-temperature air generating apparatus comprises a pair of regenerative heat exchangers, a pair of combustion zones and a single branch zone, and alternates between the first step and the second step. Repeat. In the first step, the low-temperature air or the steam is heated by the first regenerator, and the heated high-temperature airflow is divided into an external device supply flow and an in-machine combustion airflow. The external device supply flow is supplied to a gasification furnace or the like outside the device, while the in-device combustion air flow is introduced into the second combustion region and burns in the second combustion region. The high-temperature combustion exhaust gas generated in the second combustion zone is exhausted after heating the second regenerator to a high temperature. In the second step, the low-temperature air or steam is heated by the second regenerator and then split into an external device supply stream and an in-machine combustion air stream. As in the first step, the external equipment supply flow is supplied to a gasification furnace or the like outside the apparatus, and the in-machine combustion airflow is introduced into the first combustion area, where it is burned in the first combustion area to produce high-temperature combustion exhaust gas. Generate. The combustion exhaust gas is exhausted through the first heat storage. The hot air generator etc.
And the second step are alternately repeated to continuously supply high-temperature air or high-temperature steam to a gasification furnace or the like.

[0005] The device for generating high-temperature air or the like having such a structure is as follows.
The inventor of the present invention not only achieved the intended purpose of continuously supplying a high-temperature air stream or steam stream to a gasification furnace or the like, but also extremely stabilized the temperature and flow rate of continuously supplied air and steam. And so on, 700
It has been highly evaluated as an epoch-making high-temperature air or high-temperature steam generator capable of stably supplying a high-temperature supply airflow exceeding ° C to an external device.

In recent years, regarding a waste gasifier, a system configuration for introducing a mixture of high-temperature steam and high-temperature air into a gasification furnace and a reforming furnace has been proposed, and the present inventors have already started research on practical use thereof. And conducting practical experiments. In this type of system, after mixing room temperature air at a temperature equivalent to the ambient temperature with steam, a mixture of air and steam is introduced into a heat storage body having a honeycomb structure, and the mixture is heated by radiating heat from the heat storage body. Here, steam generated by a general steam generator, for example, a petroleum or coal combustion boiler, or a waste gas boiler, has a temperature of only about 150 ° C. A phenomenon is observed in which water vapor is coagulated or condensed when directly mixed with water, and reliquefied.
Therefore, in order to preheat the low-temperature air to a temperature equal to or higher than the water vapor temperature, an air heater such as an electric heater is disposed in the air supply passage upstream of the regenerator, and the air preheated by the air heater is mixed with water vapor. Has been adopted.

However, when such an air heater is additionally provided in the air supply path of the air supply heating device, not only the initial equipment cost of the entire system is increased, but also the operation of the air heater is required. Power or fuel supply, or even
Since maintenance of the air heater is required, there has been a problem that energy efficiency deteriorates and running costs increase.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to mix and heat relatively low-temperature air and water vapor to continuously supply a high-temperature air-fuel mixture to external equipment. In the mixing heating device, the air heater for heating the air mixed with the steam is not additionally provided,
Moreover, without causing condensation or condensation of water vapor,
An object of the present invention is to provide a mixing and heating device that can mix air and water vapor satisfactorily.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the mixing and heating apparatus according to the present invention comprises a combustion zone (6) for generating combustion exhaust gas by a combustion reaction, and alternately flowing low-temperature air and combustion exhaust gas. Regenerative heat exchanger with a possible flow path (11:
12), and the heat exchanger is divided into an air preheating section (11A: 12A) for heating low-temperature air and a mixture heating section (11B: 12B) for heating a mixture of air and steam. . A steam mixing chamber (11C: 12C) capable of introducing steam is formed between the air preheating section and the air-fuel mixture heating section, and the air preheating section heats the low-temperature air to a temperature equal to or higher than the temperature of steam to form the steam mixing chamber. Through. According to the above configuration of the present invention, the low-temperature steam introduced into the steam mixing chamber mixes with the air that has passed through the air preheating unit. The air that has passed through the air preheating section is already heated by the air preheating section and has a temperature higher than the steam temperature. Therefore,
No aggregation or condensation of the cold steam occurs.

[0010]

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger is constituted by a heat storage body having a honeycomb structure having a large number of narrow passages. More preferably, the dimensions and material of each part of the heat storage body are set so as to exhibit a temperature efficiency of 0.8 or more. In an embodiment of the present invention, at least one pair of the heat exchanger, the supply / discharge flow path (13-17), the high-temperature supply air flow path (H1: H2: HA: HB: HG), and the flow switching It has a valve (30). The supply / discharge flow path is disposed between the combustion zone and the heat exchanger, and the high-temperature supply flow path is connected to the supply / discharge flow path,
Supply high temperature air supply to external equipment. The flow path switching valve is disposed in the supply / discharge flow path, and cuts off communication between the first heat exchanger and the combustion area and communicates the second heat exchanger with the combustion area. The switch is alternately switched to a second position in which communication between the exchanger and the combustion zone is interrupted and communication between the first heat exchanger and the combustion zone is established. In the first position, the high-temperature mixture flow heated by the first heat exchanger is sent from the supply / discharge flow path to the high-temperature supply flow path, and the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion zone passes through the supply / discharge flow path and the second heat exchanger. Exhausted through. In the second position, the supply air flow heated by the second heat exchanger is sent from the supply / exhaust passage to the high-temperature supply air passage, and the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion zone passes through the supply / exhaust passage and the first heat exchanger. Exhausted.

[0011] Preferably, the combustion zone is provided with a single burner facility capable of continuous operation, and the high-temperature air supply passage is provided with an on-off control valve for controlling opening and closing of the supply air passage. In another embodiment of the present invention, Japanese Patent Application No. 10-189 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
No. 428), that is, a configuration including a pair of regenerative heat exchangers (11:12), a pair of combustion zones (13:14), and a single branch zone (9). In the air supply heating device of the above, the heat exchanger is an air preheating unit (11A: 1) for heating low-temperature air.
2A) and a mixture heating section (11B: 12B) for heating the mixture of air and steam, and a steam mixing chamber (11C: 12C) into which steam can be introduced is provided with an air preheating section and an air-fuel mixture heating section. Formed between According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a mixing and heating system comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned mixing and heating devices, wherein each of the mixing and heating devices shares a single combustion zone.

[0012] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixing and heating apparatus constitutes a heat source equipment of a solid or liquid fuel gasifier, and the high temperature air supply passage has a solid or liquid fuel gasifier and / or heat source. Connected to cracked gas reforming furnace. FIG.
1 is a schematic sectional view of a mixing and heating apparatus conceptually showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the mixing and heating device constitutes a high-temperature air generation device that continuously supplies high-temperature air to external devices. The temperature of the high-temperature air is set to a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher.

The mixing and heating apparatus 1 includes first and second regenerative heat exchangers 11 and 12 for heating low-temperature air (normal-temperature air) having a temperature equivalent to the atmospheric temperature introduced through the air supply passage LA to a high temperature.
Is provided. Each of the heat exchangers 11 and 12 is formed of a ceramic heat storage body having a honeycomb structure having a large number of narrow channels. A forced air supply fan 2 is interposed in the air supply path LA. The air supply passage LA communicates with the heat exchangers 11 and 12 alternately,
Low-temperature air is supplied to the heat exchangers 11 and 12 alternately. The exhaust outlet EX having the forced exhaust fan 3 is connected to the heat exchanger 1
Combustion exhaust gas is drawn out of the heat exchangers 11 and 12 on the side not communicating with the air supply passage LA, alternately communicating with the first and second air supply passages LA, and exhausted.

First and second straight flow paths 13 and 14 extend in front of the heat exchangers 11 and 12 and are provided with straight flow paths 13 and 14.
Is continuous with the inclined flow paths 15 and 16. Inclined channel 15, 1
6 is bent at a predetermined angle with respect to the center axis of the mixing and heating apparatus 1 and continues to the connecting portion 17. In connection part 17,
A flow path switching valve 30 is provided, and the flow path switching valve 30
2 and a movable valve element 31. The movable valve element 31 includes the valve shaft 3
2 and a first position (FIG. 1A) and a second position (FIG. 1B)
Can be switched alternately. Valve shaft 32 and movable valve element 31
Is made of a heat-resistant material operable in a high-temperature atmosphere exceeding 1000 ° C., for example, a ceramic molded member such as alumina or zirconia.
Is formed on the shaft core portion.

The mixing and heating apparatus 1 has a hot blast stove 7, and the hot blast stove 7 has a single combustion zone 6 with a single burner equipment 5 that operates continuously. The combustion zone 6 is arranged in front of the connection 17. The flow paths 15 and 16 alternately communicate with the combustion area 6 by switching control of the flow path switching valve 30.

An air supply path CA for supplying combustion air (normal temperature air) is connected to the burner equipment 5. An air supply fan 4 is interposed in the air supply path CA and continuously supplies combustion air to the burner equipment 5. A fuel supply path F capable of constantly supplying a hydrocarbon-based fuel such as LPG, light oil, heavy oil, coal gasification gas, and waste gasification gas is connected to the burner equipment 5 and supplies combustion fuel to the burner equipment 5. . In addition,
Each burner facility 5 is composed of one or more burner units. The burner equipment 5 is generally provided with ancillary equipment such as a pilot burner and an ignition transformer, but these ancillary equipments are not shown in order to simplify the drawing.

The hot mixture outlets 18 and 19 are connected to the flow path 1
The hot air passages H1, H2 are connected to the outlets 18, 19, respectively. Opening / closing control valves 41 and 42 are interposed in the flow paths H1 and H2.
1 and 42 are controlled to open and close by the control device 40. The flow paths H1 and H2 join at the junction 43, and the high-temperature air supply path HG extends from the junction 43 to external equipment, for example, a gasification furnace and a reforming furnace of a gasification facility (not shown). .

The first and second heat exchangers 11:12 have an air preheating section 11A: 12A and an air-fuel mixture heating section 11B: 12.
B, and a mixing zone 11C: 12C is formed between the air preheating sections 11A: 12A and the air-fuel mixture heating sections 11B: 12B. The steam supply path LS1: LS2 is in the mixing zone 1
1C: steam connected to 12C and generated by a steam generator such as a waste gas boiler at a temperature of about 100 ° C. to 200 ° C. (hereinafter referred to as low-temperature steam) is supplied to a steam supply path LS1:
It is introduced into the mixing zone 11C: 12C via LS2. Steam supply control valve 4 that can be opened and closed by control device 40
6:47 is interposed in the steam supply path LS1: LS2.

FIG. 1A shows a first position (first heating step) of the mixing and heating apparatus 1, and FIG. 1B shows a second position (second heating step) of the mixing and heating apparatus 1. )It is shown.

In the first heating step (FIG. 1A), the flow path switching valve 30 is set at the first position for isolating the flow paths 13 and 15 from the combustion area 6 and communicating the flow paths 14 and 16 with the combustion area 6. To position. In the first position (FIG. 1A), the control valves 41, 46 are open and the control valves 42, 47 are closed.

The air supply passage LA supplies the first heat exchanger 11 with low-temperature air equivalent to the outside air temperature. The low-temperature air is in heat transfer contact with the air preheating unit 11A and receives heat, and is heated to about 200 ° C. to 300 ° C.
, Ie, higher than the temperature of steam.
The heated air is mixed with the low-temperature steam in the steam supply passage LS in the mixing zone 11C. The mixture of air and water vapor is supplied to a high-temperature mixture heating section 11B,
To contact and receive heat, at least 800 ° C., preferably 1
It is heated to a high temperature of 000C to 1100C. The mixture H heated to a high temperature flows from the flow path 13 into the high-temperature mixture flow path H1 and passes through the open / close control valve 41 to the high-temperature mixture supply passage HG.
And supplied to an external device.

The air supply path CA and the fuel supply path F continuously supply combustion air and hydrocarbon-based fuel to the burner equipment 5, and the burner equipment 5 operates continuously. The high-temperature flue gas E generated in the combustion zone 6 is introduced into the second heat exchanger 12 from the flow paths 16 and 14, and the honeycomb-type regenerator (the air preheating unit 12 </ b> A and the air-fuel mixture heating unit) of the second heat exchanger 12. 1
After passing through 2B), the air is exhausted from the exhaust outlet EX to the outside of the machine.

On the other hand, in the second heating step (FIG. 1B), the flow path switching valve 30 separates the flow paths 14 and 16 from the combustion area 6 and makes the flow paths 13 and 15 communicate with the combustion area 6. Second
Position. In the second position (FIG. 1B), the control valve 4
2, 47 are open and control valves 41, 46 are closed.

The air supply line LA supplies low-temperature air equivalent to the outside air temperature to the second heat exchanger 12. The low-temperature air is supplied to the high-temperature air preheating section 12A heated in the first heating step.
And is heated to a temperature of about 200C to 300C. The heated air mixes with the low-temperature steam in the steam supply passage LS in the mixing zone 12C. The mixture of air and steam is supplied to the mixture heating section 12B having a high temperature, and is transferred to and receives heat from the mixture mixture heating section 12B, and is heated to 800 ° C. or higher, preferably 1000 ° C. to 1100 ° C. You. The air-fuel mixture H heated to a high temperature flows from the flow path 14 into the high-temperature air-fuel mixture flow path H2, is supplied to the high-temperature air-fuel mixture supply path HG via the opening / closing control valve 41, and is supplied to external devices.

High-temperature flue gas E generated in the combustion zone 6
Is introduced into the first heat exchanger 11 from the flow paths 15 and 13,
The honeycomb-type heat storage body (air preheating unit 11) of the first heat exchanger 11
After passing through A and the air-fuel mixture heating section 11B), the air is exhausted from the exhaust outlet EX to the outside of the machine.

The electronic control devices constituting the control device 40 include:
An operation control means for controlling the operation of the air supply fan 2, the exhaust fan 3, the air supply fan 4, and the burner equipment 5 is provided. The flow path switching valve 30 and the control valves 41, 42, 46,
There is provided switching control means for controlling the position of 47. The switching control means includes a flow path switching valve 30 and control valves 41, 42, 46,
47, and controls the mixing and heating apparatus 1 at a predetermined time interval, for example, every first switching time set to 60 seconds or less.
The position is alternately switched to the position or the second position.

The heat exchangers 11:12 include an air preheating unit 11
The heat exchanger as a whole, in which the respective honeycomb-type regenerators of A: 11B and the air-fuel mixture heating sections 12A: 12B are combined, is designed to exhibit a temperature efficiency of 0.7 or more, more preferably 0.9 or more. . Low-temperature air (temperature Tc) in the air supply passage LA
i) passes through the honeycomb flow path of the heat storage body, makes heat transfer contact with the heat transfer surface of the cell wall of the honeycomb structure, exchanges heat with the cell wall, and is heated to the high temperature mixture H (temperature Tco). The heat storage body is cooled by heat exchange with low-temperature air. The combustion exhaust gas (temperature Thi) in the combustion zone 6 passes through the honeycomb flow path of the cooled regenerator, makes heat transfer contact with the heat transfer surface of the cell wall, and exchanges heat with the cell wall.
The regenerator is heated to a high temperature. The combustion exhaust gas is exhausted as a relatively low temperature combustion exhaust gas (temperature Tho) by heat exchange with the heat storage body. For example, the temperatures of the air and the combustion exhaust gas are set as follows. Low-temperature air temperature Tci = about 20 ° C Combustion exhaust gas temperature Thi = about 1200 ° C

High temperature air temperature Tco = about 1100 ° C. Low temperature exhaust gas temperature Tho = about 150 ° C. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat storage bodies of the heat exchangers 11 and 12. The position where the air preheating unit 11A: 12A and the air-fuel mixture heating unit 11B: 12B are divided is determined by the air preheating unit 11A:
It is determined substantially by the preheating temperature of the low temperature air according to 12A and the mixing ratio of air and water vapor. Mixture heating unit 1
1B: the total length D2 of 12B is the air preheating portion 11A: 12A
Is greater than the total length D1, and the ratio of the lengths D1 / D2 is set, for example, in the range of 1/3 to 2/3. The mixing ratio of air and water vapor is set, for example, to a ratio in the range of 3/1 to 1/3. Air preheating unit 11A: 12A
May be sufficient to heat the air to a temperature higher than the temperature of the low-temperature steam, and the preheating temperature of the air is set to a temperature in the range of 200 ° C to 300 ° C. Since the heated air is introduced into the mixing zones 11C: 12C, the low-temperature steam introduced into the mixing zones 11C: 12C does not aggregate or condense.

According to such a mixing and heating apparatus 1, the problem that occurs when low-temperature steam is mixed with low-temperature air, that is,
The coagulation or condensation of water in the steam is performed by the air preheating unit 11.
A: Since it is prevented by the preheating of the low-temperature air by 12A, the conventional preheating step of pre-heating the low-temperature air with an electric heater or the like can be omitted.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a mixing and heating apparatus conceptually showing another preferred embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, components that are substantially the same as or equivalent to the components shown in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of mixing and heating apparatuses 1 share a single hot blast stove 7. The hot blast stove 7 is disposed adjacent to the plurality of mixing and heating devices 1, and each of the mixing and heating devices 1 includes a connecting portion 8 that communicates with the combustion zone 6 of the hot blast stove 7. The hot blast stove 7 includes a burner device 5 that operates continuously and the combustion zone 6 communicates with a connection portion 17 of each mixing and heating device 1 via a connection portion 8. Each burner facility 5 is constituted by one or more burner units. The above-described flow path switching valve 30 is disposed in the connection portion 17, and the open / close control valves 41 and 42 are interposed in the flow paths H 1 and H 2 of each mixing and heating apparatus 1, respectively. The mixing and heating apparatus 1 is configured to alternately repeat the first heating step and the second heating step described above, and the control device 40 sets the flow path switching valve 30 to the first heating step.
Or alternately switch to the second position, and
In conjunction with the switching control of 0, the control valves 41:42, 46: 4
7 are alternately opened and closed. The high-temperature air-fuel mixture alternately led out from the flow paths H1 and H2 of each of the mixing and heating devices 1 merges at the merging section 43, and is supplied from the high-temperature air-fuel supply path G to the external device. The high-temperature mixture of each mixing and heating apparatus 1 may be supplied to different external devices.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a mixing and heating apparatus conceptually showing still another embodiment of the present invention. The mixing and heating apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 4 includes a pair of heat storage heat exchangers 11:12,
It comprises a pair of flow paths 13:14 and a single diversion zone 9. The channels 13:14 constitute a combustion zone provided with burner equipment 5a: 5b. The heat exchanger 11:12 is divided into an air preheating unit 11A: 12A for heating low-temperature air and a mixture heating unit 11B: 12B for heating a mixture of air and steam. Steam mixing chamber 11C: 12C capable of introducing steam
Are air preheating sections 11A: 12A and air-fuel mixture heating sections 11B: 1A.
2B.

In the first heating step (FIG. 4A), the air-fuel mixture H heated by the first heat exchanger 11 is divided into the internal combustion airflow h1 and the external equipment supply flow h2 in the branching zone 9, and The supply flow h2 is supplied to an external device through the high-temperature mixture supply passage HG, and the in-machine combustion airflow h1 is introduced into the flow passage 14 and burned by the operation of the burner equipment 5b. Exhausted through. On the other hand,
In the second heating step (FIG. 4B), the air-fuel mixture H heated by the second heat exchanger 12 is divided into the internal combustion airflow h1 and the external device supply flow h2 in the branch region 9, and the external device supply flow h2. Is supplied to an external device by a high-temperature mixture air supply passage HG, and the in-machine combustion airflow h1 is introduced into the flow path 13 and burned by the operation of the burner equipment 5a.
Air is exhausted through the heat exchanger 11. The mixing and heating device alternately performs the first heating step and the second heating step every predetermined switching time.

As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, FIGS.
In the embodiment shown in FIG.
1C: Introduced at 12C and mixed with air having a temperature equal to or higher than the temperature of steam. Therefore, aggregation or condensation of the water in the steam can be prevented.

[0035]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a mixing and heating apparatus according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 1 is a system flow diagram showing a system configuration of a waste gasifier using a mixing and heating apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

The waste gasifier is provided with a gasifier for thermally decomposing the waste and a reformer for reforming the pyrolysis gas of the gasifier into a crude fuel gas. The gasification furnace is connected to the first mixing and heating device 1A via a high-temperature mixture supply passage HA, and the reforming furnace is connected to the second mixing and heating device 1A via a high-temperature mixture supply passage HB.
B. The first mixing and heating apparatus 1A has a mixture of air having a high ratio of air, for example, a mixture of air and steam having a mixing ratio of 1:
The mixture in the range of 0 to 5: 2 is heated to 800 ° C. or higher, preferably to about 1000 ° C., and continuously supplied to the gasification furnace.
The second mixing and heating apparatus 1B heats an air-fuel mixture having a low ratio of air, for example, an air-water vapor mixture having a mixing ratio of 1: 5 to 1: 1 to 800 ° C. or more, preferably about 1000 ° C. Then, it is continuously supplied to the reforming furnace.

The waste is charged into the gasification furnace by the waste introduction means WT, and the high-temperature air in the high-temperature mixture supply passage HA is introduced into the gasification furnace. The waste in the gasification furnace is heated by the high-temperature mixture, and thermally decomposes into a gas and a residue, and a pyrolysis gas is generated in the gasification furnace. The pyrolysis gas is introduced into the reforming furnace via the pyrolysis gas feed path PG. The high-temperature mixture in the high-temperature mixture supply passage HB is supplied to the reforming furnace,
Mix with pyrolysis gas. Hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas undergo a steam reforming reaction with high-temperature steam, and as a result, the pyrolysis gas is reformed into a reformed gas (high-temperature crude gas) containing hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. Endothermic reforming reaction of hydrocarbon and high-temperature steam _{(CxHx + H 2 O → CO} + H 2 + H 2
O) to take heat of reaction is not only supplied by sensible heat steam itself held, exothermic reaction of a hydrocarbon and high-temperature air _{(CxHx + O 2 + N 2} → CO + CO 2 + H 2 +
H ₂ O + N ₂ ).

The reformed gas in the reforming furnace is supplied to a reformed gas feed line RG.
1 to the waste gas boiler. A hot water supply pipe HW is connected to the gas-liquid heat exchanger of the waste gas boiler. The upstream end of the hot water supply pipe HW is connected to the flow path switching valve 30 of the mixing and heating apparatus 1A: 1B.
0 is connected to the valve shaft 32. The supply water flowing through the cooling water flow path of the valve shaft 32 as the cooling water cools the valve shaft 32 and receives heat, and is supplied as hot water to the hot water supply pipe HW. The hot water in the hot water supply pipe HW is vaporized by heat exchange with the reformed gas by the heat exchanger in the waste gas boiler, and is sent out as low-temperature steam to the low-temperature steam supply path LS. The steam in the supply path LS is supplied as a heating medium fluid to a heating or hot water supply facility of a factory or a building. If desired, steam may be supplied to a steam turbine or the like of the power generation facility. The low-temperature steam supply path LS is also connected to the steam supply paths LS1: LS2, and supplies low-temperature steam to the mixing and heating devices 1A: 1B.

The reformed gas that has passed through the waste gas boiler is introduced into a dust removal device such as a back filter from the reformed gas feed line RG2, and is purified by the dust removal device. The mixed gas is sent out to the feed path RG3 and supplied to the burner equipment 5 of the mixing and heating apparatus 1A: 1B as fuel gas of the hot blast stove 7. If desired, part of the reformed gas may be supplied as a fuel gas to an internal combustion engine such as a gas turbine power generator. The air supply fan 4 is connected to the air supply path C
A is connected to the burner equipment 5 via A, and outside air (normal temperature air) equivalent to the atmospheric temperature is supplied to the burner equipment 5. Note that the burner equipment of the mixing and heating apparatus 1 is provided with a supply means for startup fuel (LPG or the like) and auxiliary equipment (not shown) such as a pilot burner and an ignition transformer.

The mixing and heating devices 1A and 1B are provided with an air supply passage L
A, a flow path switching device 20 for controlling communication between the exhaust outlet path EX and the heat exchangers 11 and 12 is provided. Channel switching device 20
Is composed of a pair of air supply on-off valves 21 and 22 and a pair of exhaust gas on-off valves 23 and 24. Air supply opening / closing valves 21, 22
The air supply passage LA is alternately communicated with the heat exchangers 11, 12, and the exhaust on-off valves 23, 24 alternately communicate the exhaust outlet EX with the heat exchangers 11, 12. The control device 40
In the first step, the on-off valves 21, 24 are opened and the on-off valves 22, 23 are closed, and in the second step, the on-off valves 21, 2 are closed.
4 is closed and the on-off valves 22, 23 are opened.

FIG. 6 is a transverse sectional view and a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of the mixing and heating apparatus 1 (1A: 1B). The mixing and heating device 1 is divided into a first heating unit 51 and a second heating unit 52 arranged vertically. First heating unit 5
1 houses the first heat exchanger 11 and forms the channels 13 and 15, and the second heating unit 52 houses the second heat exchanger 12 and forms the channels 14 and 16. The first and second heating units 51:52 have a vertically symmetric structure with respect to the center axis of the mixing and heating apparatus 1.

The hot blast stove 7 is arranged in front of the heating units 51: 52, and the combustion zone 6 communicates with the heating units 51: 52 alternately via the connecting portion 17. Heating unit 5
1:52, the connection part 17 and the hot blast stove 7 are integrally formed of various heat-resistant and heat-resistant materials such as heat-resistant castable lining materials, heat-resistant bricks, fire-resistant and heat-insulated bricks, and heat-resistant ceramic materials.

The valve shaft 32 of the passage switching valve 30 passes through the left and right side walls 59 and is supported by a pair of left and right bearings 33. A drive device 34 such as a fluid cylinder device is operatively connected to one end of the valve shaft 32. The operation of the driving device 34 causes the flow path switching valve 30 to move the first position indicated by the solid line and the second position indicated by the virtual line.
The position is alternately switched to the position. A water supply pipe SW is connected to one end of the valve shaft 32, and a hot water supply pipe HW is connected to the other end of the valve shaft 32.

At the rear end of the heating unit 51:52, a low-temperature air chamber 53:54 is formed, and the low-temperature air chamber 53 communicates with the air supply passage LA. The water vapor mixing chamber 55:56 forming the mixing zone 11C: 12C is provided with an air preheating unit 11A: 1.
It communicates with the low temperature air chamber 53 via 2A. Straight channel 1
The units 3 and 14 communicate with the mixing chambers 55 and 56 via the air-fuel mixture heating units 11B and 12B. High-temperature mixture flow path H1: H
2: The vertical duct 57 forming HA: HB is the outlet 1
It is arranged adjacent to 8,19. The straight flow path 13, the outlet 18, and the high-temperature mixture flow path H 1 communicate with each other.
4. The outlet 19 and the high temperature mixture flow path H2 communicate with each other.

Next, the operation of the mixing and heating apparatus 1 will be described. In the first heating step shown in FIG. 6, low-temperature air is introduced from the air supply passage LA to the low-temperature air chamber 53, and low-temperature steam is introduced from the low-temperature steam supply line LS1 to the steam mixing chamber 55. The low-temperature air is supplied to the air preheating section 11A by the air preheating section 11A.
After being heated to a temperature of about 0 to 300 ° C., the supply path LS1
Mix with low temperature steam. The mixture of air and steam is
The mixture is heated to a temperature of about 1000 ° C. by the mixture heater 11B. The high-temperature mixture H flows from the straight flow path 13 to the outlet 18.
And the open / close control valve 41, the high-temperature mixture flow path H1: H
A: It is supplied to a gasification furnace or a reforming furnace (FIG. 5) via HB.

The burner equipment 5 is constantly operated, and the hot air stove 6
The combustion exhaust gas E from the flow passages 16 and 14 and the mixture heating unit 11
B, flows through the steam mixing chamber 56 and the air preheating unit 11A, and is led out to the exhaust outlet EX. The combustion exhaust gas E heats the honeycomb-type regenerator in the air-fuel mixture heating section 11B and the air preheating section 11A, cools itself to a temperature of about 150 ° C., and is exhausted.

When the switching time set to 60 seconds or less has elapsed, the control device 40 activates the driving device 34 to switch the valve shaft 3
2 is rotated to switch the valve element 31 to the second position (indicated by a virtual line). At the same time, the control device 40 switches the flow path switching device 20 and the control valves 41, 42, 46, 47 to the second position,
A second heating step is performed.

In the second heating step, low-temperature air is introduced into the low-temperature air chamber 54 from the air supply passage LA, and the low-temperature steam is
The low-temperature steam supply path LS2 is introduced into the steam mixing chamber 56. The low-temperature air is supplied to the air preheating section 12A by 200 to
After being heated to a temperature of about 300 ° C., it is mixed with low-temperature steam, and a mixture of air and steam is heated to a temperature of about 1000 ° C. by a mixture heating unit 12B. High temperature mixture H
Flows out of the straight flow passage 14 to the outlet 19, and is supplied to the gasification furnace or the reforming furnace (FIG. 5) via the opening / closing control valve 42, the flow passage H2, and the feed passage HA: HB. The combustion exhaust gas E from the hot blast stove 6 flows through the flow paths 15 and 13, the air-fuel mixture heating unit 11 </ b> B, the water vapor mixing chamber 55, and the air preheating unit 11 </ b> A, and the exhaust outlet path E
X. The combustion exhaust gas E is supplied to a mixture heating unit 11B.
And the honeycomb-type regenerator of the air preheating unit 11A is heated to 1
It is exhausted out of the system as low-temperature exhaust gas cooled to a temperature of about 50 ° C.

Thus, the mixing and heating apparatus 1 is configured to preheat the low-temperature air to a temperature equal to or higher than the temperature of the steam by the air preheating sections 11A and 12A, and then mix the low-temperature air with the low-temperature steam in the steam mixing chambers 55 and 56. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent aggregation or condensation of steam when mixing steam and air.

The mixing and heating apparatus 1 is provided with a burner equipment 5.
, A high-temperature mixture of air and steam is continuously supplied to external devices such as a gasification furnace and a reforming furnace. When the control device 40 changes the setting of the switching time of the mixing and heating device 1,
Flow path switching valve 30, flow path switching device 20, and control valves 41, 4
What is necessary is just to change the setting of the switching timing of 2, 46, 47, and therefore, the mixing and heating apparatus 1 can be controlled reliably and easily.

Further, in the waste gasifier having the above configuration,
Since the mixing and heating apparatus 1 itself has a heating means for startup, the heating means for startup of the reforming furnace and the gasification furnace can be omitted. In addition, since the pyrolysis gas of the gasification furnace is finally completely burned in the combustion zone 6 of the mixing and heating apparatus 1 and then rapidly cooled by the heat exchangers 11 and 12,
Problems such as generation or resynthesis of dioxin can be avoided beforehand.

FIG. 7 is a system flow diagram showing a system configuration of a waste gasifier using a mixing and heating apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Mixing and heating apparatus 1 shown in FIG.
A supplies a high temperature mixture of about 1000 ° C. to the gasifier,
The mixing and heating apparatus 1B supplies a high-temperature mixture of about 1000 ° C. to the reforming furnace. The overall configuration of the waste gasifier is substantially the same as the waste gasifier of the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, the mixing and heating apparatus 1A: 1B
Share a single hot stove 7. The burner equipment 5 of the hot blast stove 7 continuously burns, and the combustion zone 6 always maintains a high temperature atmosphere.

FIG. 8 shows a mixing and heating apparatus 1A: 1 shown in FIG.
4A and 4B are a longitudinal sectional view and a transverse sectional view showing the entire structure of B. The mixing and heating devices 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B are arranged in parallel with a single hot blast stove 7, and connected to the furnace wall of the hot blast stove 7 by a connecting portion 8. Each of the mixing and heating devices 1A and 1B includes a first heating unit 51 and a second heating unit 5 arranged vertically.
2 and each heating unit 51:52 is connected to the connection unit 1
Join at 7. A vertical duct 57 forming a flow path H1: H2: HA: HB is arranged adjacent to the outlets 18,19. Mixing heating apparatus 1A in the above embodiment:
1B, the mixing and heating device 1A: 1B
1A: a heat exchanger 11:12 divided into 12A and an air-fuel mixture heating section 11B: 12B, and a mixing zone 11C:
A steam mixing chamber 55:56 forming 12C is defined between the air preheating section 11A: 12A and the air / fuel mixture heating section 11B: 12B.

The mixing and heating device 1 includes an air preheating unit 11A:
2A, the low temperature air is heated to a temperature higher than that of steam (about 10
(0 ° C. to 200 ° C.), and then into a steam mixing chamber
6 to mix with low-temperature steam, to reliably prevent steam agglomeration or condensation that may occur during mixing.

In the mixing and heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment, a plurality of mixing and heating apparatuses 1A and 1B are operated by continuous operation of the single hot blast stove 7 and the burner equipment 5. Each mixing and heating device 1
A: 1B mixes low-temperature air and low-temperature steam and heats the mixture to a high temperature, and continuously supplies a high-temperature mixture to a gasification furnace or a reforming furnace. Therefore, the number of hot blast stoves 7 and burner equipment 5 to be installed is reduced, and the operation efficiency of the entire waste gasification system is improved, so that initial capital investment costs are reduced, and the operation, maintenance and management of the system are labor-saving. .

FIG. 9 is a transverse sectional view showing a modification of the mixing and heating apparatus shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line II and II-II of the mixing and heating apparatus shown in FIG. It is. FIG.
The mixing and heating apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 10 includes four heating units 60A: 60B arranged symmetrically left and right and vertically symmetrically:
60C: 60D is provided. Each heating unit 60 includes a low-temperature air chamber 53, a first heat storage body 11A, a steam mixing chamber 55, a second heat storage body 11B, a straight flow path 13, a flow path switching valve 30, and an inclined flow path 15 in series from the rear end. The inclined flow paths 15 are arranged in a line and communicate with each other at the connecting portion 8. Each flow path switching valve 30 includes a valve element 31, a valve shaft 32, a bearing 33, and a driving device 34. The valve element 31 is disposed in a switching valve storage area 35 formed between the flow paths 13 and 15. . A water supply pipe SW is connected to one end of the valve shaft 32, and a hot water supply pipe HW is connected to the other end of the valve shaft 32.

The outlet 18 is opened in the side wall 59 of each heating unit 60, and the outlet 18 communicates with the high-temperature air supply passage 58 of the vertical duct 57 via the open / close control valve 41. The opening / closing control valve 41 has the same structure as the flow path switching valve 30, and includes a valve body 45, a valve shaft 49, a bearing (not shown), and a driving device (not shown). The opening / closing control valve 41 operates in synchronization with the flow path switching valve 30 under the control of the control device 40 to selectively communicate the flow path 13 with the high-temperature air supply flow path 58. If desired, the water supply pipe SW is connected to one end of the valve shaft 49 and the hot water supply pipe H
W is connected to the other end of the valve shaft 49.

The mixing and heating apparatus 1 has four heating units 6
0 is arbitrarily combined for every two bodies, and two sets of mixing heating devices 1
A: Can be used as 1B. For example, the heating units 60A: 60C arranged vertically are mixed with the mixing heating device 1
A (FIG. 7), and similarly arranged heating units 60B: 60D can be used as the mixing and heating device 1B (FIG. 7).

FIG. 11 is a system flow diagram showing the system configuration of another type of waste gasifier using the mixing and heating device shown in FIG. The waste gasifier shown in FIG. 11 includes a mixing and heating device 1 that constitutes a high-temperature mixture gas generator. The mixing and heating device 1 is connected to a low-temperature steam supply path LS1: LS2. The mixing heating device 1
The above-described first heating step and second heating step are repeated, and the low-temperature steam supplied to the steam mixing chamber 55:56 is mixed with preheated air heated to a temperature of about 200 to 300 ° C. by the air preheating units 11A: 12A. Mix. The mixture of air and steam is reduced to about 100 by the mixture heating unit 11B: 12B.
The mixture is heated to a temperature of 0 ° C. and fed to the high-temperature mixture flow path HG. The high temperature mixture flow path HG branches into distribution flow paths MG1: MG2, and is distributed to the waste gasification furnace and the reforming furnace under the control of the flow control valves 71:72 interposed in the respective flow paths MG1: MG2. You.

In the waste gasifier of the present embodiment, the air supply path CA branches off from the air supply path LA and is connected to the burner equipment 5 via a heat exchanger disposed downstream of the dust remover. Supplied. The heat exchanger is a general-purpose recuperator type heat exchanger, and the combustion air in the air supply path CA exchanges heat with the reformed gas and is preheated. The reformed gas from the heat exchanger is sent out to the reformed gas supply path RG4 under the pressure of the booster fan BF, and supplied to the burner equipment 5.

The cooling water (water supply) supplied to the valve shaft 49 of the flow path switching valve 30 is vaporized while flowing through the cooling water flow path of the valve shaft 32, and becomes low-temperature steam supply passage LS as low-temperature steam.
Will be introduced.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention described in the appended claims. It is needless to say that the modification or the modification is also included in the scope of the present invention.

For example, the number of mixing and heating devices that can be connected to a single hot stove is not limited to two, and three or more mixing and heating devices may be connected to a single hot stove. .

The structure of the heat storage type heat exchanger and the flow path switching valve is not limited to the structure of the above embodiment. For example, a pellet type heat storage body is used as the heat exchanger, and the flow path switching valve is used. , A mechanical drive mechanism using an electric motor or the like may be used.

Further, the system in which the mixed heating device can be used is not limited to the waste gasification system described above. For example, even if the mixed heating device is used in an air supply system such as a pulverized coal boiler or the like. good.

[0067]

As described above, according to the mixing and heating apparatus of the present invention, the low-temperature air is heated by the air preheating section constituting the heat exchanger of the mixing and heating apparatus, and the low-temperature steam is mixed with the heated air. Mix. Therefore, the mixing and heating apparatus of the present invention can provide good mixing of air and steam without an additional air heater and without causing aggregation or condensation of steam.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a mixing and heating apparatus conceptually showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a structure of a heat storage body constituting the heat exchanger.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a mixing and heating apparatus conceptually showing another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a mixing and heating apparatus conceptually showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a system flow diagram showing a system configuration of a waste gasifier using the mixing and heating apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

6A and 6B are a cross-sectional view and a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a mixing and heating apparatus.

FIG. 7 is a system flow diagram showing a system configuration of a waste gasifier using a mixing and heating apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a longitudinal sectional view and a transverse sectional view showing the entire structure of the mixing and heating apparatus shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a transverse sectional view showing a modification of the mixing and heating apparatus shown in FIG.

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II (FIG. 10A) and a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II (FIG. 10B) of the mixing and heating apparatus shown in FIG.

11 is a system flow diagram showing a system configuration of another type of waste gasifier using the mixing and heating apparatus shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mixing heating apparatus 2 Air supply fan 3 Exhaust fan 5 Burner equipment 6 Combustion area 7 Hot blast stove 8 Connecting part 11:12 Heat storage type heat exchanger 11A: 12A Air preheating part 11B: 12B Mixed air heating part 11C: 12C Mixing area 13 , 14 Straight flow path 15, 16 Inclined flow path 17 Connection 18:19 High temperature mixture flow outlet 30 Flow path switching valve 40 Controller 41:42 Open / close control valve 46:47 Steam supply control valve 53:54 Low temperature air chamber 55: 56 steam mixing chamber 57 vertical duct CA air supply path LA air supply path LS: LS1: LS2, low temperature steam supply path EX exhaust outlet path H1: H2 high temperature mixture path HA: HB: HG high temperature mixture supply path H Hot air flow E Combustion exhaust gas

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3K023 JA02 JB01 JB02 JC06 QA01 QA03 QA04 QA07 QA11 QA18 QB02 QB10 QB19 QC01 QC04 SA03 3K061 AA24 AB02 FA07 FA21 FA23

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. Mixing relatively low temperature air and steam,
In a mixing and heating device that heats a mixture of air and steam and supplies the high-temperature mixture to an external device to which a high-temperature mixture is introduced, a combustion zone that generates combustion exhaust gas by a combustion reaction, a low-temperature air and a combustion exhaust gas A heat storage type heat exchanger provided with a flow path that can alternately flow through the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is divided into an air preheating unit and an air-fuel mixture heating unit, and a steam mixing chamber capable of introducing steam is provided. The mixing and heating device is defined between the air preheating unit and the air-fuel mixture heating unit, wherein the air preheating unit heats the low-temperature air to a temperature equal to or higher than the temperature of the steam. 2. The mixing and heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger includes a heat storage body having a honeycomb structure provided with a plurality of narrow passages. 3. At least one pair of the heat exchangers; a supply / discharge flow path disposed between the combustion zone and the heat exchanger; and a high temperature connected to the supply / discharge flow path and connected to the external device. A flow switching valve disposed in the supply / discharge flow path, wherein the flow switching valve communicates with the first heat exchanger and the combustion area; And a first position where the second heat exchanger communicates with the combustion zone, and the communication between the second heat exchanger and the combustion zone is interrupted and the first heat exchanger and the combustion A high-temperature mixture flow heated by the first heat exchanger is sent from the supply / discharge flow path to the high-temperature supply flow path at the first position. , The combustion exhaust gas in the combustion zone is exhausted through the supply / discharge flow path and the second heat exchanger, and in the second position,
The supply air flow heated by the second heat exchanger is sent out from the supply / exhaust passage to the high-temperature supply air passage, and the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion area passes through the supply / exhaust passage and the first heat exchanger. The mixing and heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mixing and heating apparatus is evacuated. 4. The combustion zone is provided with a single burner facility capable of continuous operation, and the high-temperature air supply passage is provided with an on-off control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the air supply passage. 3. The mixing and heating apparatus according to item 1. 5. A fuel cell system comprising: a pair of said heat exchangers; a pair of said combustion zones; and a single split zone, wherein said split zone is located between first and second combustion zones, The zone is arranged between the branch region and the first heat exchanger, and the second combustion region is arranged between the branch region and the second heat exchanger to supply a high-temperature mixture to the external device. A high-temperature air supply flow path is connected to the branch area, and the air-fuel mixture heated by the first heat exchanger in the first heating step is split into an external device supply stream and an in-machine combustion air stream in the branch area. The external device supply stream is supplied to the external device by the high temperature air supply passage, and the in-machine combustion airflow is introduced into a second combustion zone, burns, and is exhausted through a second heat exchanger. The air-fuel mixture heated by the second heat exchanger in the heating step is supplied to an external device in the branch area. The supply flow is divided into a supply flow and an in-machine combustion air flow, and the external device supply flow is supplied to the external device by the high-temperature supply flow path, and the in-device combustion air flow is introduced into a first combustion zone, and after combustion, the The mixed heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas is exhausted through one heat exchanger, and the first heating step and the second heating step are performed alternately. 6. The gasification of solid or liquid fuel, wherein the high-temperature air supply passage of the mixing and heating apparatus according to claim 3 is connected to a gasification furnace for solid or liquid fuel. apparatus. 7. A reforming furnace for reforming a pyrolysis gas generated by a solid or liquid fuel gasifier is provided.
A solid or liquid fuel gasifier, wherein the high-temperature air supply passage of the mixing and heating device according to any one of the above is connected.