JP2002038165A - Wet fuel gasification system and gasification method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Modified) [Problem] To heat and dry a wet fuel by the thermal energy in the system, and to effectively use the calorific value of steam generated during heating and drying, and to ensure the odor component of the steam. The present invention provides a gasification system and a gasification method which can be removed. A gasification furnace or a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing a wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water to generate a pyrolysis gas, a drying device for heating and drying the wet fuel, and a low temperature steam for 60 hours.
A steam heating device for heating to high temperature steam of 0 ° C. or higher, a pyrolysis zone of a gasification furnace or a pyrolysis furnace capable of supplying a dry fuel dried by a drying device, and a pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone at a high temperature. And a reforming region capable of reforming into gas. The heat exchange means of the drying device heats the wet fuel by the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas, and the water vapor deriving means draws out the odorous water vapor generated by vaporization of the moisture in the wet fuel from the drying device and converts the odorous water vapor to a low temperature. The steam is supplied to a steam heating device, or the odorous steam is mixed with the high-temperature crude gas.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wet fuel gasification system and a gasification method, and more particularly, to a method for converting a wet fuel such as a wet waste containing a relatively large amount of water into a gas by a pyrolysis reaction. The present invention relates to a wet fuel gasification system and a gasification method for producing a relatively high quality fuel gas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Waste such as waste plastic, sludge, shredder dust or municipal waste, or solid or semi-solid fuel such as coal is introduced into a pyrolysis furnace, and subjected to a high-temperature reducing atmosphere in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen state. A tangible fuel gasification system that pyrolyzes a fuel to generate a pyrolysis gas is known. Various types of pyrolysis furnaces, such as waste gasification / melting furnace, coal gasification furnace, rotary kiln type pyrolysis furnace (external heating type pyrolysis furnace) or bulk-loading type pyrolysis furnace (self-combustion type pyrolysis furnace) Is generally used.

The present inventors have developed a waste gasification / melting furnace including a high-temperature air generator capable of continuously supplying high-temperature air exceeding 800 ° C. and a waste gasification / melting furnace containing a large number of spherical ceramics. Systems have been developed in recent years. The high-temperature air from the high-temperature air generator is introduced into the waste gasifier, and the waste on spherical ceramics (pebble)
Turns into molten slag. The pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of the waste is led out of the furnace and introduced into a cleaning / purifying device. The cleaning and purifying equipment uses chlorine and sulfur in pyrolysis gas,
It removes environmental pollutants such as heavy metals or trace residues and quench the pyrolysis gas to prevent re-synthesis of dioxin. The pyrolysis gas that has been washed, purified and cooled is
It is supplied to any combustion equipment or heat engine such as a heating furnace such as a boiler or industrial furnace, an internal combustion engine such as a gas engine, a gas turbine or a diesel engine, or various heat cycle engines as a relatively high quality fuel gas. You.

Further, as a recent pyrolysis gasification system, for example, a pyrolysis furnace for generating a pyrolysis gas, a high-temperature decomposition processing device such as a cracking device, and a gas cleaning device for cleaning and cooling the pyrolysis gas are used. A configuration having a configuration is known. The pyrolysis furnace pyrolyzes waste or a tangible fuel such as coal in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free furnace firing atmosphere. The high-temperature decomposition apparatus decomposes the tar and oil components of the pyrolysis gas at a high temperature, and the gas cleaning device removes the sulfur, dust, chlorine and the like of the pyrolysis gas and rapidly cools the pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis gas that has been subjected to the high-temperature decomposition process and the washing / cooling process is supplied to various combustion facilities or heat engines as a purified fuel gas.

[0005]

However, this type of gas is produced by using domestic waste such as general garbage, wet industrial waste such as food factories, or relatively wet waste such as sewage sludge as fuel. When the gasification system is operated, heat loss due to heat of vaporization of water in the waste is relatively large, and a decrease in thermal efficiency accompanying this causes an increase in running cost of the entire system. In addition, since the moisture in the waste is rapidly vaporized and changes in volume due to the high-temperature atmosphere in the furnace, a problem arises in that it is difficult to perform appropriate furnace pressure control. For this reason,
It is generally desirable to carry out such a wet waste pretreatment process, and various types of pretreatment devices for drying wet waste have been proposed in recent years (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H08-209,837).
000-146442, JP-A-2000-9756
7, JP-A-10-103861, JP-A-10-103861
0-311677 and the like).

However, such a pretreatment device (drying device) must be supplemented with an auxiliary fuel such as a liquid fuel or a gaseous fuel, which is intended by the gasification system, that is, an external fuel. It is difficult to meet the original purpose of the gasification system, which supplies useful fuel gas to equipment or equipment outside the system by gasification of wastes without consuming energy as much as possible. In such a case, there is a concern that the thermal efficiency of the gasification system is reduced.

[0007] Even if such a drying apparatus could be employed in the gasification system, the steam generated from wet waste during heating and drying contains a large amount of odorous components with an unpleasant odor. It is necessary to additionally provide a deodorizing device or the like for effectively removing the odor from the system.
However, deodorization of water vapor is not always easy. Even if odor components could be removed by water vapor condensation or the like, this would involve the loss of latent heat held by water vapor, resulting in considerable heat loss. Cause it to occur. That is, it is actually extremely difficult to deodorize the odor component in the steam while avoiding the decrease in the thermal efficiency of the entire system.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to heat and dry a wet fuel by the heat energy in the system and to reduce the calorific value of steam generated during the heating and drying. An object of the present invention is to provide a wet fuel gasification system and a gasification method that can be effectively used and that can reliably remove an odor component of water vapor.

[0009]

The present inventor has conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, has effectively utilized the sensible heat possessed by the pyrolysis gas in the gasification facility to obtain a wet fuel. Can be effectively heated and dried, and the odorous steam generated during heating and drying can be circulated through the system, thereby maintaining the heat balance of the entire system and reliably deodorizing the odorous steam. The present invention has been achieved from such a viewpoint.

That is, a wet fuel gasification system according to the present invention receives a supply of a wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water, and generates a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel. A drying apparatus for heating and drying wet fuel, a steam heating apparatus for heating low-temperature steam to high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or more, and a gasification furnace or pyrolysis capable of supplying dry fuel dried by the drying apparatus. The furnace includes a pyrolysis zone, and a reforming zone capable of reforming a pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone into a high-temperature crude gas. The drying device has a heat exchange means and a water vapor deriving means, and the heat exchange means heats the wet fuel by sensible heat held by the high-temperature crude gas, and the water vapor derivation means is generated by vaporization of moisture in the wet fuel. The odorous steam is derived from the drying device, and the odorous steam is supplied to the steam heating device as the low-temperature steam, or the odorous steam is mixed with the high-temperature crude gas. The thermal decomposition zone and the reforming zone may be a single reaction zone.

Further, the method for gasifying a wet fuel according to the present invention comprises the steps of supplying a wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water to a gasification system, and generating a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel. And the wet fuel is heated and dried before being supplied to the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace, and the dried fuel is introduced into the pyrolysis zone of the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone by the pyrolysis of the dry fuel is reformed into a high-temperature crude gas by a steam reforming reaction using high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or higher. The wet fuel is heated and dried by the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas. The odorous steam generated by vaporization of the moisture in the wet fuel is heated by the high-temperature steam and then undergoes a steam reforming reaction with the pyrolysis gas or mixed with a high-temperature crude gas, and if desired, is mixed with a high-temperature crude gas. Heat exchange with the wet fuel together with the gas.

According to the above configuration of the present invention, the high-temperature crude gas generated in the thermal decomposition zone reacts with the high-temperature steam and is reformed by the high-temperature steam into a relatively high-calorie high-temperature crude gas. The sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas is directly transferred to the wet fuel by a heat exchanger capable of introducing the high-temperature crude gas, or indirectly transferred to the wet fuel through a heat medium such as water vapor, thereby transferring the wet fuel. Heat and dry. Moisture in the wet fuel evaporates into relatively low-temperature steam during heating and drying, and the dry fuel is supplied to a pyrolysis zone to generate a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction. The steam generated during heating and drying contains a relatively large amount of odor components, and this odorous steam is deodorized when the steam is heated to high-temperature steam, or mixed with high-temperature crude gas to form a high-temperature crude gas. Deodorized by cleaning and purifying gas.

Further, according to the gasification system and the gasification method having the above-mentioned configurations, the wet fuel is heated and dried by the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas. Therefore, the wet fuel can be dried by effectively utilizing the heat energy in the system without supplying an auxiliary fuel or the like from outside for heating and drying the wet fuel.

From another viewpoint, the wet fuel gasification system of the present invention is provided with a gasification furnace or a gasification furnace that receives a supply of a wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water and generates a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel. In a gasification system equipped with a pyrolysis furnace, a drying device for heating and drying wet fuel, a steam heating device for heating low-temperature steam to high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or more, and a dry fuel dried by the drying device can be supplied. Operable with a pyrolysis zone of a gasification furnace or pyrolysis furnace, a reforming zone in which pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone is reformed into high-temperature crude gas by high-temperature steam, and a fuel gas purified from high-temperature crude gas. A heat source device such as a heat engine or a combustion facility. The drying device includes a heat exchange unit and a steam derivation unit. The heat exchange means heats the wet fuel with a high-temperature heat medium having waste heat of the heat source device. The water vapor deriving means derives the odorous steam generated by vaporization of the water in the wet fuel from the drying device, and supplies the odorous steam as the low-temperature steam to the steam heating device, or converts the odorous steam into the high-temperature crude gas. Mix.

From a similar point of view, according to the wet fuel gasification method of the present invention, a step of supplying a wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water to a gasification system, and a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel The wet fuel is heated and dried before being supplied to the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace, and the dried fuel is supplied to the pyrolysis zone of the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis gas introduced and generated in the pyrolysis zone by the pyrolysis of the dry fuel is reformed into a high-temperature crude gas by a steam reforming reaction using high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or higher, and the high-temperature crude gas is converted into a fuel gas. After being refined, it is supplied as a working fuel to a heat source device such as a heat engine or a combustion facility.
The wet fuel is heated and dried by heat exchange with a high-temperature heat medium having waste heat of the heat source equipment. Odorous water vapor generated by vaporization of water in wet fuel is heated to a high temperature,
Whether it undergoes steam reforming reaction with pyrolysis gas as high temperature steam,
Alternatively, it is mixed with a high temperature crude gas.

[0016] Preferably, the combustion exhaust gas of the heat source device,
Alternatively, the steam generated by the waste heat of the heat source equipment is introduced into the heat exchanger of the drying device, and the wet fuel is heated and dried by heat exchange between the combustion exhaust gas and the wet fuel or heat exchange between the steam and the wet fuel. You. Further, as the heat source equipment, any combustion equipment or heat engine such as a heating furnace such as a boiler or an industrial furnace, an internal combustion engine such as a gas engine, a gas turbine or a diesel engine, or various heat cycle engines is used. I can do it.

In this specification, the term "fuel" refers to solid, semi-solid or liquid fuel such as waste containing carbon compounds, coal, biomass fuel, and heavy oil. Steam or superheated steam having a temperature (temperature range below 600 ° C.) and pressure that can be supplied by conventional steam generation technology.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange means comprises a heat exchanger capable of introducing a high-temperature crude gas, and the heat exchanger converts the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas into a wet fuel. Transfer heat. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the steam acting as a heat carrier is generated or heated by the sensible heat of the hot crude gas. The steam is introduced into the heat exchanger, exchanges heat with the wet fuel, and heats and dries the wet fuel.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the low-temperature steam is mixed with low-temperature air, the low-temperature steam is heated to a high temperature of 700 ° C. or more by a steam / air heating device and supplied to a pyrolysis zone or a reforming zone. Is done. Preferably, the low-temperature steam and the low-temperature air are mixed under the control of a mixing control device, and the low-temperature steam and the low-temperature air are mixed as a low-temperature mixture containing an appropriate weight ratio of the low-temperature steam.
It is supplied to the air heating device.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low-temperature steam is heated to a high temperature of 700 ° C. or more by a steam heating device, and mixed with high-temperature air similarly heated to a high temperature of 700 ° C. or more. , And supplied to the pyrolysis or reforming zone as a mixture of high-temperature steam and high-temperature air.

[0021] In still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low-temperature steam is supplied to a steam heater by a steam heating device.
Similarly, the low-temperature air is heated to a high temperature of 700 ° C. or more by an air heating device. The heated high-temperature steam and high-temperature air after heating are introduced into the thermal decomposition zone or the reforming zone via the steam supply path and the air supply path, respectively, and mixed in the thermal decomposition zone or the reforming zone.

The above-mentioned high-temperature mixture, or high-temperature steam and high-temperature air are introduced into a pyrolysis zone, a reforming zone, or both a pyrolysis zone and a reforming zone. High-temperature steam and high-temperature air react with hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas, and the pyrolysis gas
It is reformed into a reformed gas containing hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and supplied to a heat exchange means of a drying device as a high-temperature crude fuel gas.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam heating device comprises: a heat storage type heat exchange device capable of heat transfer contact with low temperature steam; and a high temperature steam heated by heat transfer contact with the heat exchange device. It has a branch region where the flow is divided into the first and second air supply branches, and a combustion region where a combustible substance can be introduced. Second
The charge split stream is supplied to the pyrolysis zone and / or the reforming zone, and the first charge split stream flows into the combustion zone. Heat exchange equipment,
The combustion region and the branch region communicate with each other, and the high-temperature combustion gas generated by the combustion reaction in the combustion region is exhausted through the heat exchange device. The heat exchanger is in heat transfer contact with the high temperature combustion gas to store heat, and is in heat transfer contact with the low temperature steam to release heat. The odor component in the low-temperature steam is thermally decomposed by the heating action of the heat exchanger and the combustion reaction in the combustion zone. Preferably, the heat exchange device is formed of a honeycomb-type heat storage body having a large number of narrow passages through which the combustion gas and the low-temperature steam can flow alternately. For details of such a heating device and a honeycomb-type heat storage element, see, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 10-189 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
No. 8) and Japanese Patent Application No. 5-6911 (JP-A-6-21).
No. 3585)). Note that, as the heat exchange device, for example, a heat storage type heat exchange device in which a large number of pellets, pebble or ball-shaped heat storage bodies are accommodated may be used.

The purified fuel gas of the gasification system according to the present invention is supplied as a main fuel to, for example, a combustion facility or a combustion device of a heat engine. Examples of the combustion device include a burner or a combustor of any combustion equipment or heat engine. Also,
By driving the generator with the heat energy of the combustion device, electric energy can be supplied to equipment or equipment outside the system. Therefore, for example, a relatively small cogeneration system can be provided by using waste generated in the facility as the wet fuel and combining the gasification system with a gas turbine device and a generator. .

FIG. 1 is a system flow diagram of the wet fuel gasification system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. A wet fuel gasification system includes a drying device for drying wet fuel such as wet waste, a gasifier for thermally decomposing wet fuel,
A gas cleaning / purifying device for purifying the cooled crude fuel gas,
A steam / air heating device for supplying high temperature steam and high temperature air to the gasifier. A wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water is supplied to the drying device by the fuel supply means WT. The drying device is supplied with the high temperature crude gas of the gasifier, and the high temperature crude gas indirectly heats the wet fuel in the drying device.

The moisture in the wet fuel receives heat from the high-temperature crude gas and evaporates as relatively low-temperature odorous steam containing a large amount of odor components. The odorous steam generated in the drying device is
After being sent to the steam delivery path OS and mixed with the low-temperature steam in the low-temperature steam supply path LS as required, it is supplied to the steam / air heating device. At the same time, low-temperature air at a temperature equivalent to the outside air temperature is supplied to the steam / air heating device via the low-temperature air supply path LA. The steam / air heating device heats low-temperature steam and low-temperature air to a temperature of 700 ° C. or higher, preferably 800 ° C. or higher, and introduces the same as high-temperature steam and high-temperature air from the gas supply path MG to the gasifier. .

The fuel dried in the heating / drying step of the drying device is supplied to the gasification device via the fuel transfer path WS. High-temperature air of 700 ° C to 800 ° C or higher is mainly
Acting as a gasifier that pyrolyzes and gasifies the dry fuel, the dry fuel is pyrolyzed to pyrolysis gases and residues in the gasifier. In addition, high-temperature steam at 700 ° C. to 800 ° C. or higher mainly acts on the pyrolysis gas as a modifier for the pyrolysis gas. Hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas react with high-temperature steam and high-temperature air, and the pyrolysis gas is reformed into a crude fuel gas containing hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. The reaction between hydrocarbon and high-temperature steam is generally represented by the following formula (1)
The reaction between hydrocarbon and high-temperature air is generally an exothermic reaction represented by the following formula (2).

[0028] _{CxHx + H 2 O → CO +} H 2 + H 2 O ···· (1) CxHx + O 2 + N 2 → CO + CO 2 + H 2 + H 2 O + N 2 ···· (2)

The high-temperature steam undergoes a reforming reaction with a pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of the dry fuel, and the pyrolysis gas is a high-temperature reformed gas (a high-temperature crude gas) containing a relatively large amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. ). The heat generated by the exothermic reaction of the hydrocarbon and the high-temperature air is consumed as the heat required for the endothermic reforming reaction of the hydrocarbon and the high-temperature steam.

The high-temperature crude gas is supplied to the drying device via the high-temperature gas supply path HG. The high-temperature crude gas has a temperature of 800 ° C. to 900 ° C. or higher, indirectly heats the wet fuel by exchanging heat with the wet fuel while flowing through the heat exchanger of the drying device,
The crude gas whose temperature has dropped in this way is sent out to the low-temperature gas supply line LG as a low-temperature crude gas.

A steam generator is interposed in the low-temperature gas feed line LG, and the steam generator generates low-temperature steam by sensible heat of the low-temperature crude gas. The low-temperature crude gas flowing through the heat exchanger of the steam generator is introduced into a gas cleaning / purifying device. Gas cleaning and purification equipment includes various cleaning and purification equipment such as dust removal equipment, desulfurization equipment, desalination equipment and heavy metal removal equipment that removes environmental pollutants such as dust, sulfur, chlorine and heavy metals in low-temperature crude gas. Refine low temperature crude gas into relatively high quality fuel gas. The purified gas (fuel gas) of the gas purifying device is supplied to the energy utilization facility via the fuel gas feed line FG. Examples of the energy utilization facility include various internal combustion engines or combustion facilities such as a gas turbine device, a gas engine device, a boiler, an industrial furnace, and a diesel engine. For example, the fuel gas feed line FG is connected to an internal combustion engine of a gas turbine power generator, and the generator of the gas turbine device generates electric power by a combustion operation of the internal combustion engine and supplies power to equipment or equipment outside the system.

At least a part of the fuel gas is supplied to the steam / air heating device via the fuel gas feed line RG and burns. As will be described later, the steam / air heating device transfers the heat of combustion of the fuel gas to the low-temperature steam and low-temperature air through a regenerative heat exchange device (not shown), and converts the steam and air to the high temperature as described above. Heat.

FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram illustrating the configuration of the gasifier shown in FIG. The gasifier shown in FIG. 2 includes a pyrolysis gasifier and a gas reformer, and the steam / air heating device converts high-temperature steam and high-temperature air into pyrolysis gas through gas supply paths MG1 and MG2. Introduce into the gasifier and gas reformer. The high-temperature steam and the high-temperature air are supplied as a mixture to the pyrolysis gasifier and the gas reformer, or are supplied to the pyrolysis gasifier and the gas reformer via independent flow paths, respectively, and are subjected to thermal decomposition. In the zone and the reforming zone. Preferably, a mixing ratio or a flow ratio (weight ratio) of the high-temperature air and the high-temperature steam is set in a range of 2: 8 to 5: 5.

The high-temperature air and high-temperature steam introduced into the pyrolysis gasification furnace form a low-oxygen-concentration firing atmosphere in the furnace area of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and generate sensible heat required for steaming the dry fuel. Supply to the internal atmosphere. The dry fuel is steamed in a furnace atmosphere of high temperature and low oxygen concentration and thermally decomposed into a pyrolysis gas and a residue to generate a pyrolysis gas containing hydrocarbon as a main component. The pyrolysis gas from the gasification furnace is introduced into the reforming zone of the gas reformer via the pyrolysis gas feed line TG. On the other hand, the residue is continuously carried out of the furnace during the combustion operation, or is discharged out of the furnace together with water vapor condensed water after cooling by shutting down the operation.

The pyrolysis gas introduced into the reforming zone of the gas reformer is mixed with high-temperature air and high-temperature steam. As a result, in the reforming zone, the heat generated by the hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas and the high-temperature air is generated. As the reaction proceeds, an endothermic reforming reaction between the hydrocarbon in the pyrolysis gas and the high-temperature steam proceeds. The heat required for the hydrocarbon reforming reaction by steam is supplied not only by the sensible heat of the high-temperature steam itself but also by the reaction heat generated by the reaction between the hydrocarbon and the high-temperature air. The reformed gas generated in the reforming region is introduced as a high-temperature crude gas from the high-temperature gas feed line HG into the heat exchanger of the drying device and exchanges heat with the wet fuel. It is sent to the transmission line LG.

FIG. 3 is a block flow diagram showing a modification of the gasifier shown in FIG. The gasifier shown in FIG. 3 includes a substantially single gasifier, and the steam / air heater supplies high-temperature air and high-temperature steam to the gasifier via a gas supply path MG. The high-temperature air and the high-temperature steam are supplied to the gasification furnace from the gas supply path MG as a mixture, or are supplied to the gasification furnace through the plurality of gas supply paths MG, respectively, and are mixed in the furnace area of the gasification furnace. I do. Preferably, the mixing ratio or flow ratio (weight ratio) of the high-temperature steam and the high-temperature air is adjusted in the range of 2: 8 to 5: 5.

The high-temperature air introduced into the gasification furnace is
Acting as a gasifying material for the dry fuel, the dry fuel comes into contact with high-temperature air, is melted by an oxidative exothermic reaction, and generates a pyrolysis gas. The molten ash or residue is carried out of the gasifier during or after operation of the gasifier. The high-temperature steam introduced into the furnace suppresses the generation of a large amount of soot due to the gasification and melting of the dry fuel, and also performs a steam reforming reaction with hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas to reform the pyrolysis gas. .
The reformed gas generated in the in-furnace region of the gasification furnace is sent out as a high-temperature crude fuel gas to the high-temperature gas feed line HG, and is introduced into the heat exchanger of the drying device via the high-temperature gas feed line HG. .
The high-temperature crude gas is cooled by exchanging heat with the wet fuel, and then sent out to the low-temperature gas supply line LG as a low-temperature crude gas.

FIG. 4 is a block flow diagram showing a further modification of the gasifier shown in FIG. The gasifier shown in FIG. 4 includes an externally heated pyrolysis gasifier and a gas reformer having a reforming zone. The steam / air heating device introduces high-temperature air and high-temperature steam into the gas reformer. The high-temperature air and the high-temperature steam are supplied to the gas reformer from the gas supply path MG as an air-fuel mixture.
And are supplied to the gas reformer via the gas reformer and mixed in the reforming zone of the gas reformer. Preferably, the mixing ratio or flow ratio (weight ratio) of the high-temperature air and the high-temperature steam is adjusted in the range of 2: 8 to 5: 5.

The dry fuel introduced into the pyrolysis gasifier is
The pyrolysis gas is thermally decomposed into a pyrolysis gas and a residue in a furnace internal region of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the pyrolysis gas is introduced into the gas reformer via the pyrolysis gas feed line TG. The pyrolysis gas is mixed with high-temperature steam and high-temperature air in the reforming zone of the gas reformer,
A steam reforming reaction of hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas occurs and proceeds in the reforming zone. The heat required for the hydrocarbon steam reforming reaction is supplied by the sensible heat of the high-temperature steam and the reaction heat of the high-temperature air and the hydrocarbon. As a result, the pyrolysis gas is sent to the high-temperature gas supply passage HG as a high-temperature crude fuel gas containing relatively large amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The high-temperature crude gas is introduced into the heat exchanger of the drying device, exchanges heat with the wet fuel, cools, and then is sent out as a low-temperature crude gas to the low-temperature gas supply line LG.

According to the gasification system having such a configuration, the pyrolysis gas obtained by pyrolysis of the dry fuel is reformed into high-temperature crude fuel gas by high-temperature air and high-temperature steam. The wet fuel is supplied to a gas cleaning / purifying device via a drying device. The sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas is used to heat and dry the wet fuel and vaporize moisture in the fuel. The moisture in the waste vaporized as odorous steam is mixed with low-temperature steam if desired,
Heated to high temperature steam by steam / air heater,
It is introduced into the gasifier. Thus, the gasification system having the above-described configuration uses the heat energy in the system to dry the wet fuel without requiring the supply of auxiliary fuel or the like, so that it has extremely high thermal efficiency, and furthermore, when heating and drying the wet fuel. The generated odorous steam is reliably deodorized by the heating process of the steam / air heating device, the reforming process of the gasification device, and the cleaning / purification process of the gas cleaning / purification device, resulting in substantially odorless exhaust gas. It is exhausted out of the system. In addition, such a system configuration can be preferably applied to a waste gasification power generation system or the like that generates high-quality fuel gas using wet waste as a fuel and generates power by a combustion reaction of the fuel gas.

FIG. 5 is a system flow diagram of the wet fuel gasification system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. According to the present embodiment, the wet fuel gasification system includes a drying device, a gasification device, a gas cleaning and
Equipped with a purification device and a steam / air heating device. The wet fuel receives the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas, and is heated and dried. The gasifier gasifies the dry fuel,
The pyrolysis gas is reformed with high-temperature steam and high-temperature air, and the high-temperature crude gas thus obtained is introduced into a heat exchanger of a drying device.

In the gasification system of this embodiment, the heating and
Odorous steam generated in the drying device during drying is introduced into the high-temperature gas supply path HG via the steam supply path OS, and mixed with the high-temperature crude gas. Here, the high-temperature crude gas is mixed with odorous water vapor and the temperature drops.
Much higher than the flow rate of the odorous steam, the hot crude gas therefore still has a sufficient temperature difference and heat to heat and dry the wet fuel.

The mixture of high temperature crude gas and odorous steam is
After the heat exchange with the wet fuel in the drying device and cooling, it is introduced into the gas cleaning / purifying device. Relatively high-quality fuel gas purified in the washing / purification process is supplied to the energy utilization facility via the fuel gas supply line FG and supplied to the steam / air heating device via the fuel gas supply line RG. And burn. The steam / air heating device heats low-temperature steam and low-temperature air to a temperature of 700 ° C. or higher, preferably 800 ° C. or higher by the heat of combustion of fuel gas, and then converts the low-temperature steam and low-temperature air from the gas supply path MG as high-temperature steam and high-temperature air. Introduce into the gasifier. In the gasification system shown in FIG.
Process steam (low-temperature steam) generated by a steam generator (not shown) outside the system is supplied to a steam / air heating device. Preferably, a part of the fuel gas in the fuel gas supply path RG is used as the heat source of the steam generator, or electric energy generated by energy utilization equipment is used. Further, the process steam may be generated by using thermal energy in the system such as sensible heat held by the low-temperature crude gas.

FIG. 6 is a block flow diagram illustrating the configuration of the gasifier shown in FIG. The gasifier has substantially the same basic configuration as the gasifier shown in FIG.
It has a pyrolysis gasifier and a gas reformer. The high-temperature steam and high-temperature air of the steam / air heating device are supplied to the gas supply path MG.
1. Introduced to the pyrolysis gasifier and gas reformer via MG2.

The downstream end of the steam delivery path OS is connected to the high-temperature gas supply path HG. The low-temperature odorous steam generated in the drying device is sent out to the steam delivery path OS, and is mixed with the high-temperature crude gas flow in the high-temperature gas supply path HG. The mixture of the high temperature crude gas and the odorous steam is introduced into a heat exchanger of the drying device and exchanges heat with the wet fuel.

FIG. 7 is a block flow diagram showing a modification of the gasifier shown in FIG. The gasifier has substantially the same basic configuration as the gasifier shown in FIG. 3, and is substantially constituted by a single gasifier. The steam / air heating device supplies high-temperature air and high-temperature steam to the gasification furnace via the gas supply path MG. The low-temperature odorous steam generated in the drying device is introduced into the high-temperature gas flow of the high-temperature gas supply path HG via the water vapor supply path OS, mixed with the high-temperature crude gas, and exchanges heat with the wet fuel.

FIG. 8 is a block flow diagram showing a further modification of the gasifier shown in FIG. The gasifier has substantially the same basic configuration as the gasifier shown in FIG. 4, and has an externally heated pyrolysis gasifier and a gas reformer. The steam / air heating device introduces high-temperature air and high-temperature steam into the gas reformer. The high-temperature crude gas of the gas reformer is sent out to the high-temperature gas feed line HG, mixed with the odorous steam of the drying device, and introduced into the heat exchanger of the drying device.
Exchange heat with wet fuel.

As in the first embodiment, the gasification system of this embodiment also uses the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas for heating and drying the wet fuel and vaporizing the moisture. Drying is performed by an efficient heating process that effectively utilizes the heat energy inside. In addition, the odorous water vapor generated when the wet fuel is heated and dried is mixed with the high-temperature crude gas, is reliably deodorized in the subsequent cleaning and purification steps, and is exhausted out of the system as a substantially odorless exhaust gas, or It burns together with the purified fuel gas and is exhausted as combustion exhaust gas.
Such a system configuration can also be preferably applied to a waste gasification power generation system that generates high-quality fuel gas using wet waste as fuel and generates power by a combustion reaction of the fuel gas.

FIG. 9 is a system flow diagram of the wet fuel gasification system according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The wet fuel gasification system according to the present embodiment is shown in FIGS.
As in the embodiment shown in (1), a drying device, a gasification device, a gas cleaning / purifying device, and a steam / air heating device are provided. In the present embodiment, a cooling device is interposed between the gasifier and the gas cleaning / purifying device.

The cooling device has a steam generating heat exchanger for generating steam. The water introduced into the heat exchanger exchanges heat with the high-temperature crude gas and evaporates as low-temperature steam. Part of the low-temperature steam is introduced into the steam / air heating device via the low-temperature steam supply passage LS2, and is heated by the high-temperature steam before being introduced into the gasifier.

The remainder of the low-temperature steam is supplied to the low-temperature steam supply passage L
It is introduced into the heat exchanger of the drying device via S1 and exchanges heat with the wet fuel to heat and dry the wet fuel. The cooled steam or condensed water thereof is discharged out of the system. The relatively low-temperature odorous steam generated in the drying device during heating and drying is
The low-temperature steam supply path LS2 sent to the steam delivery path OS
Mix with low temperature steam.

The downstream end of the steam delivery path OS may be connected to the high-temperature gas supply path HG to mix odorous steam with the high-temperature crude gas. FIG. 10 is a block flow diagram illustrating the configuration of the gasifier shown in FIG.

The gasifier has a pyrolysis gasifier and a gas reformer, like the gasifier shown in FIGS.
The cooling device vaporizes water into low-temperature steam by the heat of the high-temperature crude gas, and supplies the low-temperature steam to the supply path LS: LS1: LS2. The low-temperature steam in the supply path LS1 is introduced into the heat exchanger of the drying device, and exchanges heat with the wet fuel to cool or condense. The odorous steam of the drying apparatus is introduced into the supply path LS2 via the steam delivery path OS, and is mixed with the low-temperature steam and then supplied to the steam / air heating apparatus.

FIG. 11 is a block flow diagram showing a modification of the gasifier shown in FIG. The gasifier is shown in FIG.
And a gasification apparatus shown in FIG. 7, and is substantially composed of a single gasification furnace. The sensible heat of the high temperature crude gas is used to generate low temperature steam. The low-temperature steam of the cooling device is supplied to the drying device and the steam / air heating device via the supply path LS: LS1: LS2. The odorous steam of the drying device is introduced into the supply passage LS2 via the steam delivery passage OS.

FIG. 12 is a block flow diagram showing a further modification of the gasifier shown in FIG. The gasifier has an externally heated pyrolysis gasifier and a gas reformer, like the gasifier shown in FIGS. 4 and 8. The cooling device generates low-temperature steam, and the low-temperature steam is supplied to the supply path LS:
LS1: Supply to the drying device and the steam / air heating device via LS2.

The low-temperature steam supplied to the heat exchanger of the drying device heats and dries the wet fuel and cools or condenses it. The odorous steam from the drying device is introduced into the low-temperature steam supply passage LS2 via the steam delivery passage OS, mixed with the low-temperature steam, and then supplied to the steam / air heating device.

FIG. 13 is a system flow diagram of the wet fuel gasification system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The wet fuel gasification system according to the present embodiment has a drying device, a gasification device, a cooling device, and a gas cleaning / purifying device as in the third embodiment, and the low-temperature steam of the cooling device is
It is introduced into the heat exchanger of the drying device via the low-temperature steam supply path LS1. However, in this embodiment, the gasification system does not include a steam / air heating device, and the cooling device includes an air heating heat exchanger on the upstream side (high temperature side) of the steam generation heat exchanger. Will be arranged. The water introduced into the heat exchanger for steam heating exchanges heat with the high-temperature crude gas and evaporates as low-temperature steam, and a part of the low-temperature steam is introduced into the low-temperature air supply path LA via the low-temperature steam supply path LS2. Mix with cold air. The remainder of the low-temperature steam is introduced into the heat exchanger of the drying device through the low-temperature steam supply path LS1, and exchanges heat with the wet fuel to heat and dry the wet fuel. The cooled steam or condensed water thereof is discharged out of the system.

The relatively low-temperature odorous steam generated in the drying device during heating and drying is introduced into the low-temperature air supply path LA through the steam supply path OS and mixed with the low-temperature air. The mixture of odorous steam, low-temperature steam and low-temperature air is introduced into the air-heating heat exchanger of the cooling device, and has a temperature of 600 ° C or more.
After being heated to a high temperature of preferably 700 ° C. or more, it is introduced into a gasifier.

The gasifier shown in FIG. 13 has various structures as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, ie, a gasifier provided with a pyrolysis gasifier and a gas reformer. In particular, a gasifier having a single gasifier or a gasifier having an externally heated pyrolysis gasifier and a gas reformer can be employed. Further, as a modified example of each of the above embodiments, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 13, the heat medium delivery path EH of the energy utilization facility may be connected to a heat exchanger of the drying device. In this case, a heat medium such as a combustion exhaust gas of a heat engine or a combustion facility constituting the energy utilization facility or steam generated by using waste heat of the heat engine or the combustion facility is transferred to the heat exchanger via the delivery path EH. be introduced. The wet fuel is heated and dried by heat exchange with the high-temperature heat medium of such energy utilization equipment.

[0060]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a gasification apparatus and a gasification method according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 14 is a system flow diagram showing the entire configuration of the waste gasification system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The waste gasification system shown in FIG. 14 corresponds to the configuration of the first embodiment (FIG. 1), and wet waste such as garbage containing a relatively large amount of water is used as the wet fuel. used. The gasifier 1 shown in FIG.
It has a pyrolysis gasifier 2 and a reformer 3 and has substantially the same configuration as the gasifier shown in FIG.

The pyrolysis gasification furnace 2 comprises a batch-type batch pyrolysis furnace, and has an in-furnace zone (pyrolysis zone) in which waste can be steamed and burned. The pyrolysis gasification furnace 2 includes a waste input port 2a through which dry waste can be injected into the pyrolysis zone, a high-temperature air-fuel mixture inlet 2b connected to the downstream end of the high-temperature air-fuel mixture supply path MG1, and a pyrolysis gas A pyrolysis gas outlet 2c connected to the upstream end of the feed path TG; Pyrolysis gas supply path T
The downstream end of G is connected to the pyrolysis gas inlet 3 c of the reformer 3.

The reformer 3 has a hollow structure disposed above the pyrolysis gasifier 2 and has a high-temperature mixture supply path MG2.
Is connected to the high-temperature mixture inlet 3a of the reformer 3, and the upstream end of the high-temperature gas supply passage HG is connected to the high-temperature crude gas outlet 3b of the reformer 3. The downstream end of the high-temperature gas supply path HG is connected to the inflow port 66 of the heat exchanger 65, and the reforming zone of the reformer 3 communicates with the heat exchanger 65. The heat exchanger 65 is disposed in the heating / drying chamber 60 of the drying device 6,
The outlet port 67 of the heat exchanger 65 is connected to the low-temperature gas feed line LG.
Connected to the upstream end of The low-temperature gas supply path LG is connected to the gas cleaning / purifying device 7 via the steam generator 4.
The gas cleaning / purifying device 7 is an energy utilization facility (not shown) such as a gas turbine device by a fuel gas feed line FG.
Connected to.

An inlet 61 for wet waste is provided in the upper structure of the drying device 6, and the wet waste of the waste supply means WT is injected into the heating / drying chamber 60 through the inlet 61. . The high-temperature crude gas from the reformer 3 is introduced into the heat exchanger 65 from the high-temperature gas supply path HG, exchanges heat with the wet waste in the heating / drying chamber 60, and indirectly heats the wet waste. In the lower structure of the heating / drying chamber 60, a delivery port 62 capable of delivering dried waste is provided, and the delivery port 62 is provided with a waste transfer path WS.
Through the waste gas inlet 2a of the pyrolysis gasification furnace 2.

A steam outlet 63 from which the steam generated in the heating / drying chamber 60 can be led is provided in the upper structure of the drying device 6. The upstream end of the odorous steam delivery path OS is connected to the steam outlet 63. Odorous steam delivery path OS
Is connected to the low-temperature steam supply path LS. The low-temperature steam generated by the steam generator 4 is sent out to the low-temperature steam supply path LS and mixed with the odorous steam. The low-temperature steam supply path LS includes first and second steam paths LS1 and LS2.
The downstream ends of the flow paths LS1 and LS2 are connected to mixing control valves 51 and 52, respectively. An air supply fan 90 capable of supplying air in the outside atmosphere is interposed in the low-temperature air supply path LA, and the low-temperature air supply path LA is connected to the first and second air flow paths LA.
1. Branch to LA2. The downstream ends of the flow paths LA1 and LA2 are connected to mixing control valves 51 and 52, respectively. The mixing control valves 51 and 52 supply low-temperature air and low-temperature steam at 2: 8 to
Mix at a mixing ratio (weight ratio) within the range of 5: 5.

The discharge ports of the mixing control valves 51, 52 are connected to the upstream ends of the low-temperature mixture supply paths SA1, SA2. The downstream ends of the supply paths SA1 and SA2 are connected to respective flow path switching devices 20 of the steam / air heating devices 10 and 10. The steam / air heaters 10 and 10 are provided with a high-temperature mixture supply path MG.
1, connected to the upstream end of MG2, supply paths MG1, MG2
Are connected to the high-temperature mixture inlets 2b and 3a of the pyrolysis gasifier 2 and the reformer 3, respectively.

FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view showing the overall structure and operation of the steam / air heating device 10. As shown in FIG. FIG.
(A) shows a first heating step of the steam / air heating device 10, and FIG. 15 (B) shows a second heating step of the steam / air heating device 10.

As shown in FIG. 15, the steam / air heating device 10 comprises a pair of first and second heating units 10A, 10B.
And a communication section 10C for interconnecting the respective heating sections. The heating unit 10A has a first heat exchange device 11 and a first combustion zone 13, and the heating unit 10B has a second heat exchange device 12
And a second combustion zone 14. First and second combustion zones 1
3 and 14 are heat exchange devices 11 and 12 and a flow path switching device 2
0, it communicates alternately with the low temperature mixture supply path SA. The communication portion 10C is formed in a structure symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the steam / air heating device 10, and the projecting portion 16 projects inward of the flow path on the central axis. Fuel supply ports 43, 4
4 and oxidant discharge ports 83 and 84 are provided in the first and second heating units 10A and 10B, respectively. Fuel supply ports 43, 4
4 is a fuel gas supply path R via the fuel supply paths F1 and F2.
G (FIG. 14) to supply fuel gas to the combustion zones 13 and 14.
Discharge or jet alternately into Oxidant discharge ports 83, 8
4 is an oxidant supply passage OX via the oxidant supply passages OX1 and OX2.
G and, if desired, an oxidant
Alternately.

The steam / air heating device 10 further includes a fuel supply control device 40 for controlling the amount and timing of fuel gas injection into the fuel supply ports 43 and 44, and oxidant discharge ports 83 and 8.
4 and an oxidant supply control device 80 for controlling the oxidant supply amount and supply timing. The control device 40 controls the fuel supply path F
1 and F2, first and second fuel supply control valves 41 and 42 are provided respectively, and the control device 80 includes an oxidant supply passage OX
1. First and second flow control valves 8 interposed in OX2, respectively
1, 82. As the oxidizing agent, air whose oxygen concentration is adjusted or oxygen is generally used.

Each of the first and second heat exchangers 11 and 12 is formed of a ceramic or metal heat storage body having a honeycomb structure having a large number of cell holes (narrow channels). Constitute a flow path having a small-sized cross section that can alternately pass through. The heat storage body has an overall shape and dimensions that can be incorporated inside the heating units 10A and 10B, and the wall thickness of the cell walls and the pitch (wall space) of each cell wall are preferably the volume efficiency of the heat storage body. The desired wall thickness and pitch are set corresponding to the maximum value and ensuring the temperature efficiency of the heat exchange devices 11 and 12 in the range of 0.7 to 1.0. More preferably, the cell wall thickness is set to a predetermined thickness of 1.6 mm or less, and the cell wall pitch is set to a predetermined value of 5.0 mm or less.

A branch 15 located between the first and second combustion zones 13, 14 is connected to the upstream ends of the high-temperature mixture supply paths MG 1, MG 2, and the first and second heat exchangers 11, 12 are provided.
Are connected to the low-temperature mixture supply paths SA1 and SA2 and the exhaust outlet path EX via the flow path switching device 20. The flow path switching device 20 includes a first air supply on-off valve 21, a second air supply on-off valve 22, a first exhaust on-off valve 23, and a second exhaust on-off valve 24. The air supply on-off valves 21 and 22 are connected to the feed path SA
1, the SA2 communicates with each other via a branch communication pipe 25, and the exhaust on-off valves 23, 24 communicate with each other via a branch communication pipe 26 of the exhaust outlet path EX.

First air supply on-off valve 21 and first exhaust gas on-off valve 2
3 are interlocked to open simultaneously and close simultaneously;
The second air supply opening / closing valve 22 and the second exhaust air opening / closing valve 24 are linked to open simultaneously and close simultaneously. The control device (not shown) of the steam / air heating device 10 is shown in FIG.
In the first heating step shown in FIG.
The first and first exhaust on-off valves 23 are opened, and the second air supply on-off valve 22 and the second exhaust on-off valve 24 are closed. On the other hand, in the second heating step shown in FIG. 15B, the control device of the steam / air heating device 10 closes the first air supply opening / closing valve 21 and the first exhaust gas opening / closing valve 23 and sets the second air supply opening / closing valve. 22nd and 2nd
The exhaust on-off valve 24 is opened.

The configuration of each part of the honeycomb-type heat storage element and the steam / air heating device is described in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei.
No. 13585) and Japanese Patent Application No. 10-189 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-246428) and the like, and therefore, further detailed description will be omitted.

Next, the operation of the waste gasification system having the above configuration will be described. As shown in FIG. 14, the fuel supply means WT inputs wet waste containing a relatively large amount of water from the input port 61 into the heating / drying chamber 60. Wet fuel is
Heated and dried by receiving heat from the heat exchanger 65, the dried waste is put into the pyrolysis zone of the pyrolysis gasification furnace 2 through the outlet 62, the waste transfer path WS, and the waste inlet 2a. Is done. The high temperature mixture in the high temperature mixture supply path MG1 is supplied to the inlet 2
b, into the furnace, a low-oxygen-concentration high-temperature firing atmosphere capable of steaming waste is formed in the pyrolysis zone. The waste is thermally decomposed into a residue and a pyrolysis gas, and the incineration residue of the waste deposited on the furnace bottom is carried out of the gasification furnace 2 during operation or after cooling.

The pyrolysis gas is supplied to the outlet 2c and the feed path TG.
Flows into the reforming region of the reformer 3 via the inlet port, and the high-temperature mixture in the high-temperature mixture supply passage MG2 is introduced into the reforming region through the inlet 3a. The pyrolysis gas in the reforming zone is mixed with the high-temperature gas mixture, and as a result, an exothermic reaction between the hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas and the high-temperature air proceeds, and the hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas and the high-temperature steam are mixed. The endothermic reforming reaction proceeds. The reformed gas generated in the reforming region is converted into a high-temperature gas
G is introduced into the heat exchanger 65.

The high-temperature crude gas flowing through the heat exchanger 65 exchanges heat with the wet waste through the heat transfer wall of the heat exchanger 65.
The low-temperature crude fuel gas cooled in the heat exchanger 65 is introduced into the steam generator 4 through the low-temperature gas feed line LG,
After further cooling, it is introduced into the gas cleaning / purifying device 7.
The low-temperature crude gas is subjected to dust removal,
After being subjected to cleaning / purification processing such as desulfurization, desalination, and removal of heavy metals, it is sent as purified fuel gas to the fuel gas supply lines FG and RG. For example, a fuel gas having a weight ratio of 60 to 80% is supplied to a subsequent energy utilization facility via a fuel gas feed line FG, and a fuel gas having a weight ratio of 40 to 20% is used as a fuel for heating the mixture. It is supplied to the steam / air heating device 10 from the fuel gas supply path RG.

On the other hand, the moisture in the wet fuel received from the heat exchanger 65 is vaporized in the heating / drying chamber 60, and relatively low-temperature odorous steam is generated in the heating / drying chamber 60. The odorous steam is led out from the steam outlet 63 to the odorous steam delivery path OS, and is introduced into the low-temperature steam supply path LS. The odorous steam is mixed with the low-temperature steam, and the low-temperature steam is further mixed with the low-temperature air in the low-temperature air supply passage LA by the mixing control valves 51 and 52, and then mixed with the low-temperature mixture supply passage SA.
1, is supplied to each steam / air heating device 10 via SA2.

In the first heating step, the flow path switching device 20 introduces a low-temperature mixture into the first combustion zone 13 and
The combustion exhaust gas in the combustion zone 14 is led out to the exhaust outlet path EX (FIG. 15A), and in the second heating step, a low-temperature air-fuel mixture is introduced into the second combustion zone 14 and the combustion exhaust gas in the first combustion zone 13 is passed to the exhaust outlet path. EX (FIG. 15B).

In the first heating step (FIG. 15A), the fuel supply control device 40 blows the fuel gas in the fuel gas supply passage RG into the second combustion zone 14. If desired, the oxidant supply control device 80 supplies the oxidant to the second combustion zone 14. The low-temperature air-fuel mixture is maintained at 700 ° C. while flowing through the first heat exchange device 11.
As described above, the heating is preferably performed at 800 ° C. or higher. The high-temperature mixed gas flow H flows into the branch region 15, where it is divided into a first and a second branch H1: H2. The second branch H2 is sent out to the high-temperature mixture supply passage MG, and the first branch H2
1 flows into the second combustion zone 14, mixes with the fuel gas, performs a combustion reaction, and generates high-temperature combustion exhaust gas in the second combustion zone 14. The combustion exhaust gas is supplied to the second heat exchange device 12, the second supply / discharge path L
The air is drawn into the exhaust fan 30 (FIG. 14) through the second exhaust valve 23 and the first exhaust opening / closing valve 23, and is exhausted from the exhaust path EG and the exhaust port 31 to the outside of the system. When the combustion exhaust gas passes through the second heat exchange device 12, the combustion exhaust gas comes into heat transfer contact with the heat storage body of the second heat exchange device 12,
The sensible heat of the flue gas stream is stored in the heat storage.

In the second heating step (FIG. 15B), control devices 40 and 80 supply fuel gas to first combustion zone 13. The low-temperature mixture is heated to the high-temperature region while flowing through the second heat exchange device 12. The high temperature mixed gas flow H is divided into
5 and in the diversion zone 15 the first and second diversion H
1: Divide into H2. The second branch H2 is sent to the high-temperature mixture supply path MG, and the first branch H1 flows into the first combustion zone 13 and mixes with the fuel gas to generate high-temperature combustion exhaust gas in the first combustion zone 13. . The combustion exhaust gas is supplied to the first heat exchange device 1
1. The air is drawn into the exhaust fan 30 (FIG. 14) through the first supply / discharge path L1 and the second exhaust opening / closing valve 24, and is exhausted from the exhaust path EG and the exhaust port 31 to the outside of the system. When the flue gas passes through the first heat exchange device 11, the flue gas makes heat transfer contact with the heat storage body of the first heat exchange device 11, and the sensible heat of the flue gas flow is stored in the heat storage material.

The steam / air heating device 10 alternately performs the first or second heating at a predetermined time interval set to a predetermined time of 120 seconds or less, preferably 60 seconds or less, more preferably 30 seconds or less. The process is switched to the process. The second split stream H2 is continuously sent out to the high-temperature mixture supply path MG, and is supplied to the pyrolysis gasification furnace 2 and the reformer 3 via the high-temperature mixture supply paths MG1 and MG2 as shown in FIG. Is done.

Thus, part of the low-temperature steam burns in the combustion zones 13 and 14 and is exhausted out of the system as combustion exhaust gas, and the remainder of the low-temperature steam is supplied to the high-temperature mixture supply passage MG.
And is recirculated through the system.

FIG. 16 is a system flow chart showing the entire configuration of the waste gasification system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 16, components that are substantially the same as or equivalent to the components of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals.

The waste gasification system shown in FIG. 16 corresponds to the configuration of the first embodiment (FIG. 1), and has a configuration using wet waste as the wet fuel as in the first embodiment. Things. The gasifier 1 shown in FIG.
It comprises a pebble bed gasifier 2 and embodies the configuration of the gasifier shown in FIG.

The pebble bed gasifier 2 constituting the gasifier 1 has a pebble bed 8 composed of a large number of spherical ceramics (pebbles). The pebble bed 8 is made of, for example, a packed layer or a laminate of alumina balls having a diameter of about 20 to 50 mm. Above the pebble bed 8, a pyrolysis zone capable of pyrolyzing dry waste is defined. The pyrolysis zone also functions as a pyrolysis gas reforming zone. The gasifier 1 includes a fuel supply means WT capable of charging wet waste and a drying device 6 having a built-in heat exchanger 65, and if necessary, wet waste pulverized to an appropriate size or particle size. Is the supply means WT
Into the drying device 3.

High-temperature air and high-temperature steam having a temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher are introduced into the thermal decomposition zone through the high-temperature air supply passage HA and the high-temperature steam supply passage HS. The ratio of high-temperature air and high-temperature steam is set to a flow ratio (weight ratio) in the range of 8: 2 to 5: 5. The hot air and hot steam mix in the pyrolysis zone and pyrolyze and melt the waste.
The spherical ceramics are heated by the high-temperature mixture, store the sensible heat of the high-temperature mixture, transfer heat to the waste, and promote the melt gasification reaction of the waste. The molten waste slag flows down the gap between the spherical ceramics and flows into the slag / gas separation zone 9. The molten slag remaining at the bottom of the separation area 9 is extracted outside the furnace, cooled and solidified, and reused as a building material such as a roadbed material or a civil engineering material.

High-temperature air mainly gasifies and melts waste in a pyrolysis zone, and pyrolyzes waste into molten slag and pyrolysis gas. High-temperature steam mainly generates gasification and melting of waste. This suppresses the generation of a large amount of soot and causes a steam reforming reaction with hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas to reform the pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone is
After passing through the gap between the ceramic spheres on the pebble floor 8, the separation zone 9
From the high-temperature crude gas outlet 9a to the high-temperature gas supply path HG. The high-temperature crude gas in the feed line HG flows through the heat exchanger 65, exchanges heat with the wet waste, and cools. After that, the low-temperature gas feed line LG passes the steam generator 4 and the gas cleaning / purification as a low-temperature crude gas. It is sent to the device 7. The low-temperature crude gas is radiated in the steam generator 4 and then subjected to cleaning and purification processes such as dust removal, desulfurization, desalination and heavy metal removal in the gas cleaning / purification device 7, and as a low-temperature purified fuel gas, a fuel gas supply path. It is fed to FG and RG. The fuel gas in the feed path FG is supplied to energy utilization equipment such as a gas turbine device, and the fuel gas in the feed path RG is supplied to the steam / air heating device 10.

On the other hand, the wet waste in the heating / drying chamber 60 receives the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas from the heat exchanger 65, and is heated and dried. Odorous steam is generated in the heating / drying chamber 60. The odorous water vapor is supplied from the water vapor outlet 63 to the odorous water vapor delivery path OS.
And mixed with the low-temperature steam in the low-temperature steam supply path LS, and then supplied to the steam heating device 10B.

The waste gasification system of this embodiment includes an air heater 10A for heating low-temperature air and a steam heater 10B for heating low-temperature steam. Each configuration of the air heating device 10A and the steam heating device 10B is substantially the same as the configuration of the steam / air heating device 10 of the first embodiment, and includes a first heating step (FIG. 15A) and a second heating step (FIG. 15A). 15B) is alternately repeated at predetermined time intervals, for example, at time intervals of 60 seconds or less, whereby the low-temperature air or low-temperature steam is continuously heated to a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or more. The high-temperature air flow path and the high-temperature steam flow paths HA and HS are respectively connected to the inlets 2d: 2e of the pyrolysis gasification furnace 2, and the high-temperature air and the high-temperature steam are respectively introduced into the pyrolysis area. Mix.

FIG. 17 is a system flow diagram showing the entire configuration of the waste gasification system according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 17, components that are substantially the same as or equivalent to the components of each of the above embodiments are given the same reference numerals.

The waste gasification system shown in FIG. 17 corresponds to the configuration of the first embodiment (FIG. 1), and uses wet waste as wet fuel as in the first and second examples. It is of a configuration. Further, the gasification apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 17 includes an externally heated pyrolysis gasification furnace 2 and embodies the configuration of the gasification apparatus shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, the waste gasification system includes a gasification device 1 including a pyrolysis furnace 2 and a reformer 3, a drying device 6, a gas cleaning / purifying device 7, and a steam / air heating device. 10 is provided. The drying device 6 includes a heat exchanger 65 capable of heating and drying the wet fuel. The pyrolysis furnace 2 is composed of an externally heated rotary kiln provided with an oxygen concentration control means (not shown), and the pyrolysis zone of the rotary kiln has a low oxygen state or an oxygen-free state under the control of the oxygen concentration control means. Maintained and maintained in firing atmosphere. The dried waste introduced into the pyrolysis zone via the drying device 6 is heated to about 500 to 600 in a firing atmosphere in a so-called steamed state furnace.
It is heated to about ℃ and decomposes into pyrolysis gas and residue as the pyrolysis reaction proceeds. The pyrolysis gas and the residue are separated from each other in the separation section, and the residue is introduced into a residue removal device, a valuable metal sorting device, a melting furnace, etc. (not shown), while the pyrolysis gas is supplied to the reformer 3. It is introduced into the reforming zone.

The reforming zone of the reformer 3 includes a high-temperature gas feed line HG
Is connected to the inflow port 66 of the heat exchanger 65, and the outflow port 67 of the heat exchanger 65 is connected to the steam generator 4 and the gas cleaning / purifying device 7 via the low-temperature gas feed line LG. The gas cleaning / purifying device 7 includes a fuel gas supply path RG
And connected to an energy utilization facility such as a gas turbine device via a fuel gas feed line FG.

The wet waste is crushed to an appropriate size in order to improve the thermal decomposition efficiency, and is then supplied to the heating / drying chamber 60 of the drying device 6 by the supply means WT. Heating / drying room 6
The humid waste in the heat exchanger 65 converts the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas into heat exchanger 65.
It receives more heat, is heated and dried, and the moisture in the wet fuel is vaporized, generating relatively low-temperature odorous steam in the heating and drying chamber 60. The odorous steam is supplied to the mixing control valve 50 via the odorous steam delivery path OS and the low-temperature steam supply path LS. After the low-temperature steam is mixed with the low-temperature air in the low-temperature air supply path LA in the mixing control valve 50, the low-temperature steam is supplied to the steam / air heating device 10. The mixing control valve 50 mixes the low-temperature air and the low-temperature steam at a mixing ratio (weight ratio) within a range of 2: 8 to 5: 5, and supplies the mixture of the low-temperature air and the low-temperature steam to the steam / air heating device 10. I do.

The steam / air heating device 10 has substantially the same structure as the steam / air heating device of each of the above embodiments, and includes a first heating step (FIG. 15A) and a second heating step (FIG. 15).
By repeating B) alternately at predetermined time intervals, for example, at time intervals of 60 seconds or less, the low-temperature mixture in the low-temperature mixture supply path SA is continuously heated to 700 ° C. or more, preferably 800 ° C. or more. The mixture is heated and sent to the high-temperature mixture supply path MG.
The supply path MG introduces the high-temperature mixture into the reformer 3, and the high-temperature mixture is mixed with the pyrolysis gas in the reforming region. As a result, the exothermic reaction between the hydrocarbon in the pyrolysis gas and the high-temperature air proceeds, and the endothermic reforming reaction between the hydrocarbon in the pyrolysis gas and the high-temperature steam proceeds. The reformed gas generated in the reforming region is introduced into the heat exchanger 65 from the high-temperature gas supply passage HG as a high-temperature crude fuel gas. The rest of the system configuration is substantially the same as in each of the above-described embodiments, and further detailed description will be omitted.

FIGS. 18 to 20 are system flow charts showing the entire configuration of the waste gasification system according to the fourth to sixth embodiments of the present invention. In each of the drawings, components that are substantially the same as or equivalent to the components of the above-described embodiments are given the same reference numerals.

The waste gasification systems shown in FIGS. 18 to 20 correspond to the configuration of the second embodiment (FIG. 5) of the present invention. 1
As in the third to third embodiments, wet waste is used as wet fuel. The gasifier 1 of the fourth embodiment (FIG. 18)
Comprises a pyrolysis gasifier 2 and a reformer 3 capable of introducing high-temperature air and steam, as in the first embodiment described above. This implements the configuration of the gasifier shown in FIG. The gasifier 1 of the fifth embodiment (FIG. 19) comprises a pebble bed gasifier 2 as in the second embodiment described above, and has the structure of the gasifier shown in FIG. Is realized. Further, the gasifier 1 of the sixth embodiment (FIG. 20) includes an externally heated pyrolysis gasifier 2 as in the third embodiment described above, and the structure of the gasifier shown in FIG. Is realized.

In the fourth to sixth embodiments, the drying device 6
Of the heating / drying chamber 60 is connected to the high-temperature gas supply path HG through the odorous water vapor delivery path OS.
Is mixed with the high-temperature crude gas in the high-temperature gas supply path HG. The high-temperature crude gas mixed with odorous steam flows through the heat exchanger 65 to heat, dry, and cool the wet waste, and then is sent out as a low-temperature crude gas to the low-temperature gas supply line LG, where the gas is cleaned and purified. It is introduced into the device 7. The low-temperature crude gas is subjected to cleaning / purification processing such as dust removal, desulfurization, desalting, and heavy metal removal in the gas cleaning / purification device 7, and is supplied to the fuel gas supply paths FG and RG as low-temperature purified fuel gas. In the fourth to sixth embodiments, the low-temperature steam supply path LS is connected to a general steam generator (not shown). As the heat source of the steam generator, heat energy outside the system, electric power generated using purified fuel gas, or the like can be used.

According to the waste gasification systems of the fourth to sixth embodiments, the humid waste is efficiently dried by effectively utilizing the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas, and the heating / heating of the humid waste is carried out. Odorous water vapor generated during drying can be reliably deodorized by the cleaning / purifying step of the gas cleaning / purifying device 7, and can be finally exhausted out of the system as combustion exhaust gas.

FIGS. 21 to 23 are system flow charts showing the entire configuration of the waste gasification system according to the seventh to ninth embodiments of the present invention. In each of the drawings, components that are substantially the same as or equivalent to the components of the above-described embodiments are given the same reference numerals.

The waste gasification systems shown in FIGS. 21 to 23 correspond to the configuration of the third embodiment (FIG. 9) of the present invention. 1
As in the sixth to sixth embodiments, wet waste is used as wet fuel.

The gasifier 1 of the seventh embodiment (FIG. 21)
As in the first and fourth embodiments described above, a pyrolysis gasifier 2 and a reformer 3 capable of introducing high-temperature air and steam are provided, and the configuration of the gasifier shown in FIG. 10 is realized. It is of a configuration. Gasifier 1 of the eighth embodiment (FIG. 22)
Has a pebble-bed gasification furnace 2 as in the second and fifth embodiments described above, and has a configuration embodying the configuration of the gasification apparatus shown in FIG. Further, the gasifier 1 of the ninth embodiment (FIG. 23) includes an externally heated pyrolysis gasifier 2 as in the third and seventh embodiments, and the gasifier shown in FIG. This is a configuration that embodies the configuration of the device.

In the seventh to ninth embodiments, the cooling device 5
It is connected to the downstream end of the hot gas supply path HG. Cooling device 5
Is equipped with a steam generating heat exchanger 5a. Heat exchanger 5a
Vaporizes water and produces low-temperature steam. The crude gas cooled by the cooling device 5 is sent out to the low-temperature gas supply path LG, and is introduced into the gas cleaning / purifying device 7.

The low-temperature steam from the heat exchanger 5a is supplied to the drying device 6 and the steam / air heating device 10 via the low-temperature steam supply path LS: LS1: LS2. The low-temperature steam supplied to the drying device 6 flows through the heat exchanger 65 to heat and dry the wet waste. Steam outlet 63 of drying device 6
Is connected to the low-temperature steam supply path LS2 via the odorous steam delivery path OS. The odorous steam is mixed with the low-temperature steam in the supply path LS2, further mixed with the low-temperature air in the low-temperature air supply path LA, and then introduced into the steam / air heating device 10. A part of the air-fuel mixture burns in the combustion zones 13 and 14 (FIG. 15) of the steam / air heating device 10 and is discharged out of the system as combustion exhaust gas, and the remainder of the air-fuel mixture is used as a high-temperature air-fuel mixture as a gas It is sent to the MG and recirculated in the system.

FIGS. 24 to 26 are system flow charts showing the entire configuration of the waste gasification system according to the tenth to twelfth embodiments of the present invention. It embodies the configuration of the fourth embodiment (FIG. 13) of the present invention. In each of the drawings, components that are substantially the same as or equivalent to the components of the above-described embodiments are given the same reference numerals.

Gasifier 1 of the tenth embodiment (FIG. 24)
Has a pyrolysis gasifier 2 and a reformer 3 capable of introducing high-temperature air and steam, and has an eleventh embodiment (FIG. 25).
The gasifier 1 of the present invention comprises a pebble bed gasifier 2, and the gasifier 1 of the twelfth embodiment (FIG. 26) includes an externally heated pyrolysis gasifier 2.

The gasification systems of the tenth to twelfth embodiments have a configuration similar to those of the seventh to ninth embodiments.
The cooling device 5 is connected to the downstream end of the high-temperature gas supply path HG. The heat exchanger 5a of the cooling device 5 generates low-temperature steam by the sensible heat held by the high-temperature crude gas.
The heat is supplied to the heat exchanger 65 of the drying device 6 via the low-temperature steam supply path LS1. The low-temperature steam flows through the heat exchanger 65 to heat and dry the wet waste. The crude gas cooled by the cooling device 5 is sent out to the low-temperature gas supply line LG, and is introduced into the gas cleaning / purifying device 7.

The cooling device 5 also includes a heat exchanger 5b for heating air.
On the high temperature side. The low temperature steam supply path LS2 and the odorous steam delivery path OS are connected to the low temperature air supply path LA communicating with the heat exchanger 5b. A part of the low-temperature steam is introduced into the supply path LA via the supply path LS2, and the odorous steam generated in the heating / drying chamber 60 is supplied to the delivery path OS
Through the supply path LA. The low-temperature steam and the odorous steam are mixed with the low-temperature air, and the air-fuel mixture is mixed with the heat exchanger 5.
b and is heated to a high temperature. The high temperature air-fuel mixture of the heat exchanger 5b is introduced into the gasification furnace 2 and the reformer 3 via the gas supply path MG: MG1: MG2. The gasifier 2
Have an initial combustion device or an auxiliary combustion device, but the illustration of these combustion devices has been omitted to simplify the drawing.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention described in the appended claims. Or it can be changed.

For example, each of the above embodiments relates to a waste gasification system. However, the present invention can be widely applied to a gasification system for gasifying a hydrocarbon fuel containing a relatively large amount of water. It is.

The structure of the steam or air heater is as follows:
It is not limited to the apparatus having the structure disclosed in each of the above embodiments, and a heating apparatus having another structure capable of exhibiting the same temperature efficiency may be employed as the steam or air heating apparatus.

Further, as a high-temperature heat medium to be supplied to the heat exchanger 65 of the drying device 6, combustion exhaust gas or steam of various internal combustion engines or combustion equipment such as gas turbine equipment and gas engine equipment constituting energy utilization equipment. May be used.

[0113]

As described above, according to the above configuration of the present invention, the wet fuel is heated and dried by the thermal energy in the system, and the calorific value of the steam generated during the heating and drying is effectively used. A wet fuel gasification system and a gasification method capable of reliably removing an odor component of steam can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system flow diagram of a wet fuel gasification system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram illustrating the configuration of the gasifier shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block flow diagram showing a modification of the gasifier shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a block flow diagram showing a further modified example of the gasifier shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a system flow diagram of a wet fuel gasification system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block flow diagram illustrating the configuration of the gasifier shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a block flow diagram showing a modification of the gasifier shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a block flow diagram showing a further modification of the gasifier shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a system flow diagram of a wet fuel gasification system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block flow diagram illustrating the configuration of the gasifier shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a block flow diagram showing a modification of the gasifier shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a block flow diagram showing a further modification of the gasifier shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a system flow diagram of a wet fuel gasification system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a system flow chart showing the entire configuration of the waste gasification system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

15 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall structure and operation of the steam / air heating device shown in FIG. 14, and FIG.
1 shows a first heating step of the steam / air heating device, and FIG.
5 (B) shows a second heating step of the steam / air heating device.

FIG. 16 is a system flow diagram showing the overall configuration of a waste gasification system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a system flow diagram showing an entire configuration of a waste gasification system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a system flow diagram showing an entire configuration of a waste gasification system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a system flow diagram showing an overall configuration of a waste gasification system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a system flow diagram showing the entire configuration of a waste gasification system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a system flow diagram showing an overall configuration of a waste gasification system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a system flow chart showing an entire configuration of a waste gasification system according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a system flow chart showing an entire configuration of a waste gasification system according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a system flow chart showing an overall configuration of a waste gasification system according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a system flow diagram showing the entire configuration of a waste gasification system according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a system flow diagram showing the overall configuration of a waste gasification system according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasifier 2 Pyrolysis gasifier, gasifier, pyrolysis furnace 3 Reformer 4 Steam generator 5 Cooling device 6 Drying device 7 Gas cleaning / purification device 10 Steam / air heating device 65 Heat exchanger WT Fuel (Waste) supply means WS Fuel (waste) transfer path OS Odorous steam delivery path LA Low temperature air supply path LS Low temperature steam supply path SA Low temperature mixture supply path MG gas supply path, high temperature mixture supply path HA gas supply path , High-temperature air supply path HS gas supply path, high-temperature steam supply path TG pyrolysis gas supply path HG high-temperature gas supply path LG low-temperature gas supply path RG: FG fuel gas supply path

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B09B 3/00 C02F 11/12 B C02F 11/10 F23G 5/027 ZABZ 11/12 5/14 ZABF F23G 5 / 027 ZAB B09B 3/00 ZAB 5/14 ZAB 303M F term (reference) 3K061 AA24 AB02 AC01 AC02 AC12 BA01 CA17 FA10 FA21 3K078 AA01 BA03 BA22 CA04 CA07 CA21 CA24 4D004 AA02 AA03 AA04 CA27 BA02 CA42 CB04 CB34 CB36 CC02 CC11 DA02 DA03 DA06 4D059 AA07 AA08 BB05 BB06 BC01 BD11 CA10 CA12 CA14 CC03 CC04 CC10 DA15 DA63 EB11

Claims (23)

[Claims] 1. A gasification furnace which receives a supply of a humid fuel containing a relatively large amount of water and generates a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel, or a wet fuel gasification system provided with a pyrolysis furnace, A drying device for heating and drying the wet fuel; a steam heating device for heating low-temperature steam to high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or higher; and a thermal decomposition of a gasification furnace or a pyrolysis furnace capable of supplying dry fuel dried by the drying device. Zone, and a reforming zone for reforming the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone to a high-temperature crude gas by the high-temperature steam, wherein the drying device uses the sensible heat held by the high-temperature crude gas to produce the wet fuel. A heat exchange means for heating the odorous steam generated by vaporization of the moisture in the wet fuel from a drying device and supplying the odorous steam as the low-temperature steam to the steam heating device. Wet fuel gasification system comprising: a means out. 2. A gasification furnace which receives a supply of wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water and generates a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel, or a wet fuel gasification system provided with a pyrolysis furnace, A drying device for heating and drying the wet fuel; a steam heating device for heating low-temperature steam to high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or higher; and a thermal decomposition of a gasification furnace or a pyrolysis furnace capable of supplying dry fuel dried by the drying device. Zone, and a reforming zone for reforming the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone to a high-temperature crude gas by the high-temperature steam, wherein the drying device uses the sensible heat held by the high-temperature crude gas to produce the wet fuel. And a steam deriving means for deriving odorous steam generated by vaporization of water in the wet fuel from a drying device and mixing the odorous steam with the high-temperature crude gas. Wet fuel gasification system according to symptoms. 3. The heat exchange means includes a heat exchanger capable of introducing the high-temperature crude gas, wherein the heat exchanger transfers sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas to the wet fuel. The wet fuel gasification system according to claim 1. 4. The heat exchange means includes a heat exchanger capable of introducing steam generated or heated by the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas, and the heat exchanger transfers the heat of the steam to the wet fuel. The wet fuel gasification system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the system is heated. 5. A gas refining device for refining the high temperature crude gas into a fuel gas, wherein the steam heating device heats the low temperature steam by heat of combustion of the fuel gas. 3. The wet fuel gasification system according to 2. 6. The wet fuel gasification system according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature steam is supplied to the steam heating device after being mixed with low-temperature air. 7. The steam deriving unit mixes the odorous steam with the high-temperature crude gas upstream of the heat exchange unit, and a mixture of the steam and the high-temperature crude gas is supplied to the heat exchange unit. The wet fuel gasification system according to claim 2, wherein: 8. A wet fuel gasification method comprising: supplying a wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water to a gasification system; and generating a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel. The wet fuel is heated and dried before being supplied to the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace, and the dry fuel is introduced into a pyrolysis zone of the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone is reformed into a high-temperature crude gas by a steam reforming reaction using high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or higher, and the wet fuel is heated / heated by the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas. A humid fuel gasification method comprising: drying, odorous steam generated by vaporization of water in the wet fuel, after heating to a high temperature, and performing a steam reforming reaction with the pyrolysis gas as the high temperature steam. . 9. A wet fuel gasification method comprising the steps of: supplying a wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water to a gasification system; and generating a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel. The wet fuel is heated and dried before being supplied to the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace, and the dry fuel is introduced into a pyrolysis zone of the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone is reformed into a high-temperature crude gas by a steam reforming reaction using high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or higher, and the wet fuel is heated and dried by the sensible heat of the high-temperature crude gas. A humid fuel gasification method, wherein odorous water vapor generated by vaporization of water in the humid fuel is mixed with the high-temperature crude gas. 10. The wet fuel gasification system according to claim 8, wherein the high temperature crude gas exchanges heat with the wet fuel to heat the wet fuel. 11. The wet gas according to claim 8, wherein the high-temperature crude gas generates or heats steam, and the steam exchanges heat with the wet fuel to heat the wet fuel. Fuel gasification system. 12. A gas refining device for refining the high temperature crude gas into a fuel gas, wherein the steam heating device heats the low temperature steam by the heat of combustion of the fuel gas. 10. A wet fuel gasification system according to claim 9. 13. Purifying the high temperature crude gas into a fuel gas,
The wet fuel gasification method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the high-temperature steam is obtained by the heat of combustion of the fuel gas. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the odorous steam is heated to a mixture of the high-temperature steam and the high-temperature air after being mixed with the low-temperature air. 15. The wet fuel gasification method according to claim 9, wherein the high-temperature crude gas is mixed with the odorous steam and then heat-exchanges with the wet fuel. 16. A gasification furnace which receives a supply of wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water and generates a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel, or a wet fuel gasification system provided with a pyrolysis furnace, A drying device for heating and drying the wet fuel; a steam heating device for heating low-temperature steam to high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or higher; and a thermal decomposition of a gasification furnace or a pyrolysis furnace capable of supplying dry fuel dried by the drying device. Zone, a reforming zone in which the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone is reformed into a high-temperature crude gas by the high-temperature steam, and a heat engine or a combustion facility or the like operable with the fuel gas purified from the high-temperature crude gas. A heat exchange unit for heating the wet fuel with a high-temperature heat medium having waste heat of the heat source device, and odorous water vapor generated by vaporization of water in the wet fuel. A steam deriving means for extracting the odorous steam from the drying device and supplying the odorous steam as the low-temperature steam to the steam heating device. 17. A gasification furnace which receives a supply of a humid fuel containing a relatively large amount of water and generates a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel, or a wet fuel gasification system provided with a pyrolysis furnace, A drying device for heating and drying the wet fuel; a steam heating device for heating low-temperature steam to high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or higher; and a thermal decomposition of a gasification furnace or a pyrolysis furnace capable of supplying dry fuel dried by the drying device. Zone, and a reforming zone for reforming the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone into a high-temperature crude gas by the high-temperature steam, and a heat engine or combustion facility operable with the fuel gas purified from the high-temperature crude gas. The drying device includes a heat exchange unit that heats the wet fuel with a high-temperature heat medium having waste heat of the heat source device, and odorous water generated by vaporizing moisture in the wet fuel. And a steam deriving means for extracting steam from the drying device and mixing the odorous steam with the high-temperature crude gas. 18. The heating medium according to claim 16, wherein the high-temperature heat medium is composed of combustion exhaust gas of the heat source equipment.
4. The wet fuel gasification system according to item 1. 19. The heating medium according to claim 16, wherein the high-temperature heat medium is made of a combustion exhaust gas of the heat source device.
4. The wet fuel gasification system according to item 1. 20. A wet fuel gasification method comprising: supplying a wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water to a gasification system; and generating a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel. The wet fuel is heated and dried before being supplied to the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace, and the dry fuel is introduced into a pyrolysis zone of the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone is reformed into a high-temperature crude gas by a steam reforming reaction using high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or higher. After the high-temperature crude gas is purified into a fuel gas, The wet fuel is supplied as a working fuel to a heat source device such as a combustion facility, and the wet fuel is heated and dried by heat exchange with a high-temperature heat medium having waste heat of the heat source device, and is vaporized by moisture in the wet fuel. Odorous water generated Air, after being heated to a high temperature, the wet fuel gasification method characterized by reacting the pyrolysis gases and steam reforming as the high-temperature water vapor. 21. A wet fuel gasification method comprising: supplying a wet fuel containing a relatively large amount of water to a gasification system; and generating a pyrolysis gas by a pyrolysis reaction of the fuel. The wet fuel is heated and dried before being supplied to the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace, and the dry fuel is introduced into a pyrolysis zone of the gasification furnace or the pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis zone is reformed into a high-temperature crude gas by a steam reforming reaction using high-temperature steam of 600 ° C. or higher. After the high-temperature crude gas is purified into a fuel gas, The wet fuel is supplied as a working fuel to a heat source device such as a combustion facility, and the wet fuel is heated and dried by heat exchange with a high-temperature heat medium having waste heat of the heat source device, and is vaporized by moisture in the wet fuel. Odorous water generated Air is moist fuel gasification process which is characterized in that mixed into the hot crude gas. 22. The flue gas of the heat source equipment is introduced into a heat exchanger of the drying device, and the wet fuel is heated and dried by heat exchange between the flue gas and the wet fuel. 23. The method for gasifying a wet fuel according to item 22. 23. A method according to claim 23, wherein steam is generated by waste heat of said heat source equipment, said steam is introduced into a heat exchanger of said drying device, and said wet fuel is heated and dried by heat exchange between steam and wet fuel. The wet fuel gasification method according to claim 21 or 22.