JP2002153118A - Sheet for vegetation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sheet for vegetation free from damaging growth because it starts to decompose at the time of germination of plants or the like while having strength close to a knitting such as a metal net or a net or the like, free from damaging commercial value in storing because the sheet is free from deterioration such as corrosion or the like, and excellent in handling because of its lightweight and flexibility. SOLUTION: The body 1 of this sheet comprises a square formed sheet material obtained by forming a knitted sheet comprising a decomposable fiber such as straw, hemp, palm or the like. A vegetation base 2 obtained by mixing seeds 2A, fertilizers 2B, water holding materials 2C or the like, is attached on the bottom 1A of the sheet body 1. A soft reinforcing film 3 obtained by spraying and heat curing a mixture comprising a vinyl acetate resin (EVA) as a film forming agent, and a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a water soluble constituent, in a mixing ratio of 1.5:8.5 (weight ratio), on whole of the upper surface 1B of the sheet body 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vegetation sheet suitable for strengthening a slope by vegetation or vegetation on the slope and a vegetation sheet suitable for increasing the water retention of the slope. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vegetation sheet for vegetation or vegetation on a slope to protect the slope includes a sheet body made of corrosive fiber such as plant fiber, a seed, a fertilizer, and a water retention material. A vegetation base material dispersed and fixed on the upper surface of the sheet body with an adhesive, and a wire mesh or a vegetable fiber net for reinforcing and anchoring the sheet body from above the vegetation base material. And a vegetation base bag in which corrosive bags are filled with vegetation base materials containing seeds, fertilizers, water retention materials, etc., are arranged and fixed to the sheet body at appropriate intervals. There is known a configuration in which the whole is covered with a reinforcing knitted body such as a wire mesh or a vegetable fiber net.

[0003]

The above-mentioned conventional vegetation sheet has the following drawbacks because the outside is covered with a knitted body such as a wire net or a plant fiber net. First,
Although the strength can be obtained by covering a knitted body such as a wire net or a net, it takes time for corrosion to hinder the growth of vegetation. For example, wire mesh is 4-10
It takes 2-3 years for plant fiber nets. Secondly, in the case of manufacturing a vegetation sheet, it is necessary to cover the sheet body of the knitted body with the sheet body and integrally engage with the locking tool, and to sew the end of the net. Since these operations are performed manually by an operator, the manufacturing efficiency is low. Third, costs such as material cost and attachment work cost for the knitted body increase. Fourth, when a wire mesh is used, the wire mesh begins to corrode during storage, and the aged vegetation sheet loses its value as a new product. In addition, the burden of transportation and laying work is large due to the heavy weight.

[0004] Other problems in the prior art include slopes having no water retention capacity due to hard soil (soil with a Yamanaka hardness meter of 27 m / m or more) and severe drought southwest. Vegetation sheets with water-retaining material bags are laid on the slopes where moisture easily evaporates, but they do not always have sufficient water-retention capacity to germinate, but roots are insufficient due to insufficient water. There is a problem that it does not grow badly.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and when the vegetation germinates while having the same strength as the reinforcing braid such as a wire mesh or a net used in the prior art. Is decomposed so that it does not hinder the growth of vegetation, and there is no deterioration such as corrosion during storage, so that the product value is not impaired. In addition, a knitted body such as a wire net or net is attached to the sheet body To provide a vegetation sheet that can reduce manufacturing costs drastically because it can eliminate the need for work, and is excellent in manufacturing efficiency because it can be manufactured by flow work, and can respond to automation of manufacturing,
It is another object of the present invention to provide a vegetation sheet suitable for increasing water retention on a slope having insufficient water retention such as hard soil.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sheet body formed of a corrosive or decomposable material, and a sheet body fixed to the sheet body. In the vegetation sheet comprising the vegetation base material, a soft reinforcing body formed from a decomposable component and a film-forming component is applied to the upper surface of the sheet body.

[0007] The soft reinforcing member is preferably applied in a film form over the entire upper surface of the sheet body. With this configuration, the strength can be maintained without using a wire mesh or the like, and since it is flexible, it can be laid without any gaps on the slope.

Further, it is preferable that the soft reinforcing member is attached to the upper surface of the sheet body in a plurality of strips separated from each other. With this configuration, the strength can be maintained, the anchor can be used, and since it is flexible, it can be laid without any gaps on the slope.

Further, it is preferable that the soft reinforcing member is attached in a net shape on the upper surface of the sheet body. With this configuration, the strength can be maintained, and the soft reinforcing member can be securely fixed by using the anchor, and since it is flexible, it can be laid without gaps on the slope.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vegetation sheet comprising a sheet body formed of a corrosive or degradable material, and a vegetation base material fixed to the sheet body. In the above, a soft film for preventing evaporation formed from a decomposable component and a film-forming component is applied to the entire upper surface of the sheet body.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a seat body,
Is made of a sheet material in which corrosive fibers made of plants such as straw, hemp, and coconut are knitted, or a sheet material made of a biodegradable or photodegradable synthetic resin formed in a rectangular shape. Reference numeral 2 denotes a vegetation base material that is fixed and dispersed on the entire lower surface 1A of the sheet main body 1. The vegetation base material 2 includes a seed 2A, a fertilizer 2B such as an organic fertilizer or a chemical fertilizer, a water retention agent 2C such as zeolite, or the like. And adhered to the lower surface 1A of the sheet body 1 with an adhesive such as vinyl acetate resin.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a soft reinforcing film as a soft reinforcing body containing a water-soluble component, which is applied to the entire surface of the upper surface 1B of the sheet body 1 on the opposite side to the vegetation base material 2 by spraying. The soft reinforcing film 3 is composed of a film forming agent such as a vinyl acetate resin (EVA) and a water-soluble additive such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in an amount of about 1,5: 8,5.
(Weight ratio) The mixture A was sprayed onto the upper surface 1B of the sheet main body 1 and thermally cured by spraying, and has a very thin film thickness of about 0.01 to 0.05 mm.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a manufacturing process of a vegetation sheet including a process of applying the soft reinforcing film 3. The sheet body 1 is placed on a conveying line such as a belt conveyor B moving in the direction of arrow A with the lower surface 1A facing upward, and a liquid adhesive is sprayed from the discharge nozzle C onto the lower surface 1A. Next, the vegetation base material 2 is sprinkled from the hopper D onto the sheet body 1 and attached. Next, the adhesive is cured and the vegetation base material 2 is
Then, the sheet body 1 is inverted by the sheet inverting device E such that the upper surface 1B faces upward.

Thereafter, the mixed liquid A is sprayed onto the upper surface 1B of the sheet body 1 from the discharge nozzle F, passes through the heating furnace G, and the mixed liquid A is thermally cured during this time to form the soft reinforcing film 3. . As described above, according to the present embodiment, the step of sticking the vegetation base material 2 to the lower surface 1A of the sheet body 1, the step of spraying the mixed solution A to the upper surface 1B, and the step of heating and thermosetting by the soft reinforcing film 3 Can be efficiently performed by a flow operation using a conveying means, so that the workability is remarkably superior to the conventional manual operation. In addition, all of these steps can be automated, and the manufacturing efficiency can be dramatically improved.

The vegetation sheet according to the present embodiment has the above-mentioned configuration, and is laid by lining it up on the slope H and fixing it to the ground with the anchor J, similarly to the conventional vegetation sheet. . In this case, the strength of the vegetation sheet is reinforced by the soft reinforcing film 3 similarly to the conventional vegetation sheet, and the anchor J can be used for the soft reinforcing film 3. Without this, the seat body 1 can be securely fixed to the slope H. And it is much more flexible than the prior art,
Since the vegetation sheet can be laid without gaps even on the uneven slope H, the soil under the vegetation sheet flows out due to rainwater because roots of plants and trees can be quickly spread on the ground. Can be prevented as much as possible. Also, since the soft reinforcing film 3 contains about 85% of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which is a water-soluble component, it gradually dissolves due to moisture or rain in the ground and loses its initial strength by the time the germination of plants occurs, It does not hinder the growth of plants and trees.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a vegetation sheet according to a second embodiment. In this embodiment and other embodiments described later, the same components as those of the above-described first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. The feature of this embodiment is that the sheet main body 1 has the vegetation base material 2 fixed on the lower surface 1A.
A plurality of strip-shaped soft reinforcements 1 are provided on an upper surface 1B, which is the other side surface.
Are formed in predetermined directions at predetermined intervals. The width and number of each band-shaped soft reinforcing member 11 can be appropriately determined in consideration of the size of the sheet body 1 and the required strength. For example, the width is about 20 to 50 mm, and the thickness is about 0.5 to 1. , 5 mm, a desired strength can be obtained. In addition, a material obtained by mixing a biodegradable component such as a polylactic acid resin (based on starch purified from corn) with a vinyl acetate resin (EVA) is used as the belt-shaped flexible reinforcing member 11 in the present embodiment. Good.
Further, polyethylene (PE) may be added to enhance the strength. In this case, the heating furnace G may be stopped.

When the above-mentioned band-shaped soft reinforcing member 11 is formed on the sheet main body 1, a plurality of discharge nozzles F are arranged in the middle of the above-mentioned belt conveyor B in the direction transverse to the arrow A to mix. By discharging the liquid, the required number of the strip-shaped soft reinforcing members 11 can be easily and efficiently adhered and formed by a flow operation.

According to the present embodiment, a plurality of strip-shaped soft reinforcing members 11, 11,... Are attached to the upper surface 1B of the sheet body 1, and the anchor J is applied to the strip-shaped soft reinforcing members 11. By fixing to the surface H, strength can be obtained without covering a wire net or a net similarly to the related art, and since it is flexible, it can be laid without gaps along the slope H. Also, by the time the plants and the like germinate, the band-shaped soft reinforcing body 11 is a component of the soft flexible reinforcing body 11, and the biodegradable component polylactic acid resin starts to decompose, so that the soft flexible belt-like body 11 lacks a fixed form. It can grow without hindrance. Further, since the belt-shaped soft reinforcing member 11 can be applied to the sheet body 11 in a flow operation, the manufacturing efficiency is excellent, and since it is lighter than the conventional reinforcing knitted body, it is easy to transport and lay. Excellent in nature.

FIG. 6 shows a vegetation sheet according to a third embodiment. A feature of the vegetation sheet is that a reticulated soft reinforcement 21 is formed on the upper surface 1B of the sheet body 1. The reticulated flexible reinforcing member 21 has a plurality of vertical streaks 21A, 21A, having a wire diameter of about 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
.. And a plurality of horizontal streaks 21B, 21B,..., And the number of each of the vertical streaks 21A and the horizontal streaks 21B is appropriately determined in consideration of the size of the sheet body 1 and the required strength. be able to. Note that the same material as that of the belt-shaped soft reinforcement 11 in the above-described second embodiment can be used as a material forming the reticulated soft reinforcement 21.

In the case where the above-mentioned reticulated flexible reinforcing member 21 is attached to the sheet main body 1, the vertical streaks 2
The same number of discharge nozzles for forming vertical stripes as the number of 1A lines are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the discharge nozzles for horizontal stripe formation are arranged behind the nozzles so as to be swingable in the horizontal direction. Then, the mixed liquid A is discharged from the discharge nozzle for forming vertical stripes onto the upper surface 1B of the sheet body 1 moved by the belt conveyor B, and the vertical stripes 21A, 21A,.
・ Form Next, the mixed liquid A is discharged while the discharge nozzle for forming horizontal stripes is reciprocated in the horizontal direction. Thereby, the horizontal streaks 21B, 21B,... Are formed in a meandering manner, and the reticulated soft reinforcing body 21 can be easily attached and formed by a flow operation.

As described above, the plurality of vertical streaks 21A and the horizontal streaks 21
The vegetation sheet to which the reticulated soft reinforcing member 21 made of B is attached is driven into the vertical direction or the horizontal direction by driving the anchor J into the vertical streak 21A or the horizontal streak 21B and into the slope H while being engaged with both. Even if it receives an external force from the direction, it can be firmly laid on the ground without displacement.

It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the soft reinforcing film 3 in the first embodiment is formed and the reticulated soft reinforcing member 21 and the belt-shaped soft reinforcing member 11 are formed on top of each other.
In this way, necessary strength can be obtained.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show a fourth embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 31 denotes a sheet body, and the sheet body 31 is formed in a rectangular double bag body by a sheet material formed by knitting corrosive fibers or a sheet material made of a biodegradable or photodegradable synthetic resin. . 32, 32,... Indicate a plurality of vegetation base bags arranged laterally at appropriate intervals in the sheet body 31, and each vegetation base bag 32 is formed by knitting corrosive plant fibers. Alternatively, the bag body 32A is formed by filling a vegetation base material 2 into a bag body 32A formed of a sheet material made of a microbial decomposition type or a photodecomposition type synthetic resin. 33, 33, ...
··· are a plurality of water retention material bags disposed between the vegetation base material bag 32 and the vegetation base material bag 32 and disposed on the sheet body 31, and each of the water retention material bags 33 is formed of the same material as the sheet body 31. The bag 33A is filled with a water retention material such as vermiculite or starch polymer.

Numeral 34 denotes a reinforcing net attached to the sheet body 31. The net 34 is formed by forming a corrosive, decomposable, or water-soluble wire or fiber into a lattice or tortoiseshell shape. Made of wire mesh or net. Then, the net 34 is attached to the sheet main body 31 and the binding means 3 such as a binding wire or a string is attached.
5, 35,... Are connected at appropriate positions.

Further, reference numeral 36 denotes the net 34 and the sheet body 3.
1, the soft evaporation prevention film 36 is made of a film forming agent such as vinyl acetate resin (EVA) and polyvinyl alcohol, similarly to the soft reinforcement film 3 in the first embodiment. A mixed solution A obtained by mixing a water-soluble additive of (PVA) at a ratio of about 1: 9 is applied to the upper surface 3 of the sheet body 31.
1B, which is adhered to the film 1B by a film forming means such as spraying, cured and adhered.

In the present embodiment, the upper surface 31B of the vegetation sheet in which the vegetation base material bag 32 and the water retention material bag 33 are disposed on the sheet body 31 is covered with the soft evaporation prevention film 36, so that the hard soil The water retention material bag 33 because it is a slope H 'having no water retention capacity and a slope H' facing southwest where water is likely to evaporate.
Even if the supply of water is not sufficient in the conventional vegetation sheet provided with the vegetation, the soft evaporation preventing film 36 can grow the vegetation and the main tree by suppressing the evaporation of the water. Since the soft evaporation preventing film 36 is decomposed when the plants and the like germinate, it does not hinder the growth of the plants and the like.

[0027]

The present invention has the following advantages because it is constructed as described above. (1) According to the first aspect of the present invention, the soft reinforcing member formed on the upper surface of the sheet main body can reinforce the sheet main body and use the anchor similarly to the conventional wire mesh and net, and further reduce the overall weight. Therefore, transportation and construction are easy, and construction work can be performed efficiently. (2) The soft reinforcement is formed by adding a water-soluble or biodegradable component to the film-forming component and gradually decomposes when the vegetation germinates. There is no problem of becoming a hill or remaining on a slope for a long period of time. (3) The soft reinforcing member formed on the upper surface of the sheet body is more flexible than the wire mesh or net of the prior art, and the sheet body can be laid without gaps along the unevenness of the slope, so that the lower part of the sheet body can be laid. Sediment can be prevented from being washed away by rainwater. (4) By appropriately changing the ratio of the decomposable component to the film forming component, a soft reinforcement having strength and durability depending on the place of use and purpose can be formed.
Excellent practicality in use. (5) Even if the soft reinforcement is stored for a long period of time, there is no deterioration such as corrosion unlike the wire mesh of the prior art, so that the commercial value is not lost. (6) Since the soft reinforcement can be attached to the sheet body by a flow operation by the conveying means, an integrated process from the step of fixing the vegetation base material to the sheet body to the step of applying the soft reinforcement is performed in the flow operation. This makes it possible to achieve excellent manufacturing efficiency and automation, so that the manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced. (7) According to the fifth aspect of the invention, a soft evaporation prevention film formed from a decomposable component and a film-forming component is applied to the entire upper surface of the sheet body from above the vegetation base material. Water on the slope where water retention is not enough due to the terrain where water evaporates easily, so that water necessary for growing plants can be retained and gradually decomposed It does not hinder the growth of plants and trees.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vegetation sheet with a lower surface facing upward.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of a vegetation sheet.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a process of manufacturing a vegetation sheet by a flow operation.

FIGS. 4 and 5 relate to a second embodiment, and FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a vegetation sheet.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken in the direction indicated by arrows VV in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a vegetation sheet according to a third embodiment.

FIGS. 7 and 8 relate to a fourth embodiment, and FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a vegetation sheet.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged sectional view of a vegetation sheet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 31 Sheet main body 1B, 31A Upper surface 2 Planting base material 3 Soft reinforcing film (reinforcing body) 21 Belt soft reinforcing body 32 Reticulated soft reinforcing body 36 Soft evaporation preventing film

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A vegetation sheet comprising a sheet body formed of a corrosive or degradable material and a vegetation substrate fixed to the sheet body, wherein a degradable component is provided on the upper surface of the sheet body. And a soft reinforcing member formed from a film-forming component. 2. The soft reinforcement body is applied in a film form on the entire upper surface of the sheet main body.
Vegetation sheet as described. 3. The vegetation sheet according to claim 1, wherein the soft reinforcing member is attached to an upper surface of the sheet body in a plurality of strips. 4. The vegetation sheet according to claim 1, wherein the soft reinforcing member is attached in a net shape on an upper surface of the sheet body. 5. A vegetation sheet comprising a sheet body formed of a corrosive or decomposable material and a vegetation substrate fixed to the sheet body, wherein a degradable material is provided on the entire upper surface of the sheet body. A vegetation sheet comprising a soft film for preventing evaporation formed from a component and a film-forming component.