JPH0788665B2 - Slope vegetation method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a slope vegetation method for growing slopes to protect slopes by growing vegetation plants on slopes. It is a thing.

(Prior art) Various slopes have been protected because the slopes that are newly formed on the land that have been constructed will easily collapse unless they are protected. The method of protection is generally adopted by growing it in the.

Generally, in a vegetation method for protecting such plants by growing them on the slope, Kentucky 31 fescue, creeping red fescue, red top, alien species such as orchardgrass, medhagi, weasel, yashabushi, kaya, mugwort. Indigenous species such as, buttercup, and the like are used according to various slope conditions. In other words, exotic plants grow fast but require large amounts of nitrogen fertilizers, whereas native plants have relatively low growth demands for nitrogen fertilizers. The vegetation on the slope is made while properly using the characteristics of.

By the way, in the vegetation on the slope in recent years, it is desired to use a native plant. This is because it is necessary to prevent the vegetation slope and the natural environment around it from changing significantly. However, it is generally difficult to suddenly vegetate a native plant on a new slope that is a completely bare land, so first of all, an exotic plant with an excellent germination rate causes the native plant to grow on the slope. It is necessary to form a substrate that allows easy growth. For that reason, vegetation is being carried out in which native and alien species are mixed-sown.

Here, when the technique conventionally proposed as this type of slope vegetation method is examined, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-55851 has already proposed the following contents. That is, from the description of the claims of the above publication, "a bag-fitting net-like body in which a bag band accommodating one or more of seeds, fertilizers, water-retaining materials and sandbag improving materials is attached to a net-body is stretched on the slope. However, according to this conventional slope vegetation method, it is the slope vegetation method using a net body equipped with a bag characterized by spraying seeds, fertilizers, and vegetation base material mainly composed of organic matter. "It is possible to protect the slope by greening, which is much more effective than conventional fiber seed spraying, and it is now possible to green even on hard slopes that were previously unsuitable for greening.

However, it is unclear whether vegetation with native species, which has been requested in recent years, can be completely performed because the distinction between the use of native and exotic species of vegetation plants is not clear. is there.

Similarly, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-21936, "On a steep slope or a rock slope, an L-shaped wire mesh made of a corrosion-resistant wire mesh with a filter attached is used to form a steep slope or Is a steep slope or rock slope characterized by filling the sandbag provided in parallel with the rock slope with soil and vegetation base materials such as various fertilizer water retention agents and making it semi-fluid by pressure feeding mud However, even with this method, the distinction or distinction between exotic and indigenous species is not clear.

In short, in the conventional slope vegetation construction method, the purpose is simply to germinate and grow vegetation plants on the slope, so the slope vegetation should be adapted to the natural environment. You can't. Therefore, the present inventors can certainly protect the slope by sufficient vegetation, and, in particular, have conducted various studies on how to further improve the growth of vegetation plants of native species. As a result of the repeated accumulation, the present invention has been completed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and a problem to be solved is to further improve the growth of vegetation plants of indigenous species.

And the object of the present invention is to protect the slope by vegetation without significantly changing the conventional construction method, and especially to promote the growth of vegetation plants of native species, It is an object of the present invention to provide a slope vegetation method that enables vegetation protecting the surface to be carried out by native species within an early period.

(Means and Actions for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the means adopted by the present invention will be described with reference to the reference numerals used in the examples. Attach the attached vegetation net (10) to the slope (3
0) It is stretched over and sprayed with a vegetation base material (20) containing plant seeds, fertilizers and soil conditioners mixed with native and alien species necessary for vegetation on the slope (30). The vegetation method (2) for spraying the vegetation base material (20) containing plant seeds onto the slope surface (30), the granular charcoal having a diameter of 2 to 5 mm.
The slope vegetation method is characterized by spraying a mixture of 5 to 20% by volume with respect to 0).

That is, the vegetation method according to the present invention requires the vegetation net (10) stretched over the slope (30) and the fertilizer bag (11) attached to the vegetation net (10) at appropriate intervals. is there. The vegetation net (10) can be formed of various materials and shapes, but in short, the slope (30)
Any material may be used as long as it has a mesh to the extent that the upper stones or soil blocks do not fall and do not interfere with germination and that it has weather resistance. In the present invention, a nodular net made of polyethylene or a nodular net made of nylon is adopted as the vegetation net (10).

For such a vegetation net (10), before being stretched on the slope (30), for example, as shown in FIG.
The long fertilizer bag (11) filled with 2) is at a predetermined interval (0.8 to 1.5m).
It can be installed at intervals. As a method of attaching the fertilizer bag (11) to the vegetation net (10), a part of the vegetation net (10) is doubled as shown in FIG. The fertilizer bag (11) may be housed or attached to the vegetation net (10) simply by using a string or the like. Further, since the vegetation net (10) is generally stretched by hanging it from above the slope (30), each fertilizer bag (11) is in a state orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the vegetation net (10). With vegetation net (10)
Attached to. By doing so, when the vegetation net (10) with the fertilizer bag (11) attached is stretched on the slope (30), each fertilizer bag (11) is horizontally oriented as shown in FIG. Since the vegetation by each fertilizer bag (11) can be formed in the horizontal direction, it is possible to prevent runoff on the slope (30).

Various materials can be applied as the material of the fertilizer bag (11). The conditions required for this fertilizer bag (11) are organic substances that corrode after a certain period of time to become nutrients for plants, and the fertilizer / soil conditioner and water retention capacity until corrosion. Is available and is easily available. As a material that meets such conditions, non-woven fabrics composed mainly of natural fibers such as straw and wood fibers,
There is paper etc. Further, as the fertilizer (12) contained in the fertilizer bag (11), a slow-acting fertilizer having a large amount of nitrogen is suitable, and a water retention material or the like may be mixed therewith as necessary. The reason is that the fertilizer (12) in each fertilizer bag (11) is mainly for growing vegetation plants consisting of alien species.

The state in which the vegetation net (10) having the fertilizer bag (11) as described above is stretched over the slope (30) is shown in FIG. After such construction, the vegetation base material (20) is sprayed onto the slope (30) from above the vegetation net (10). In the present invention, the vegetation base material (20) to be sprayed has the main characteristics. As the vegetation base material (20), plant seeds, fertilizers, and soil improvement mixed with at least native and alien species are used. It needs to contain wood and granular charcoal.

That is, when adopting the vegetation method according to the present invention, it is necessary that the vegetation base material (20) to be sprayed on the slope (30) contains plant seeds in which native and alien species are mixed. . The reason is that for a while immediately after construction, vegetation of slopes (30) must be effectively performed by vegetation plants of alien species with strong vitality, and then vegetation of native species must be performed thereafter. Because.

In addition, the vegetation base material (20), of course, it is necessary to include a fertilizer for germinating and growing seeds described above, organic matter, a soil improving material, etc., of course, the diameter is 2 to 5 mm, Granular charcoal mixed at a ratio of 5 to 20% by volume with respect to the vegetation base material (20) is required. The reason is that it is necessary to keep warm and water on the slope (30) after construction with this granular coal,
Moreover, it is necessary to form colonies of various microorganisms such as root-knot fungi, which are particularly necessary for native plant vegetation, with this granular charcoal. The reason why the granular charcoal needs to have a diameter of 2 to 5 mm is that it is convenient to make it into a slurry and pressure-feed it. The reason why the ratio of granular coal to the vegetation base material (20) is 5 to 20% by volume is 5
This is because if it is less than the capacity%, the effect is small, so
This is because the effect does not change much even if the amount is larger. Above all, about 10% by volume is most suitable.

The slope (30) to which the slope vegetation construction method according to the present invention is applied has the following state. That is, when rain etc. falls on the slope (30) thus constructed, the fertilizer bag (11), the fertilizer (12) and the vegetation base material (20) contain water, so that germination of plant seeds may occur. You are ready for growth. That is, fertilizer bag (11), fertilizer (1
2) and the vegetation base material (20) absorb and retain water necessary for germination of plant seeds from rain and the like. Further, this water is mixed in the vegetation base material (20), and the granular coal is also absorbed and held by the fine pores. Of course, if rain falls on this slope (30), the fertilizer / soil conditioner in the fertilizer bag (11) will be on the slope (30) located near the fertilizer bag (11). It is leached, which allows gentle fertilization and soil improvement on slopes (30) that require less nutrient to the plant. At the same time, each granular charcoal
The fertilizer dissolved in water is retained by the fine pores.

On the other hand, solar heat is efficiently absorbed by the granular coal in the vegetation base material (20). In particular, when each granular charcoal is exposed on the surface of the vegetation base material (20), this solar heat is efficiently absorbed. In this way, the solar heat absorbed by the granular charcoal is conducted and retained by the vegetation base material (20),
This slope (30) is the temperature required for germination of plant seeds. The heat retaining effect of the granular charcoal and the vegetation base material (20) is extremely effective when the construction of the present invention is performed in early spring or late autumn.

As described above, the slope (30) is passed through the vegetation base material (20).
Plant seeds attached to the surface of, because it will be placed in an environment having sufficient moisture and temperature necessary for its germination,
It germinates with a high germination rate. Then, the germinated plant seeds grow while absorbing the nutrients in the vegetation substrate (20) and the slope (30).

Here, first of all, it is important for plant seeds to grow exoticly. That is, the exotic plant is
As shown in Fig. 2, the fertilizer bag (11) begins to grow vigorously along the bag (Fig. 2 shows the condition about one month after construction). This is because the fertilizer bag (11) contains a fertilizer (12) containing a large amount of nitrogen necessary for growing exotic plants. As a result, the vegetation on the slope (30) is made early by the exotic plant along the fertilizer bags (11).

During this time, there are important changes in each granular coal. That is, since each granular charcoal contains water and fertilizer in its fine pores and is in contact with the vegetation base material, each granular charcoal forms a colony of microorganisms necessary for plant growth. In other words, microorganisms existing in the air or the soil grow while burying in the particularly fine pores of each granular coal. As a result, on the slope (30), the presence of organic matter, fertilizer, and microorganisms that form colonies in each granular charcoal contained in the vegetation base material (20) causes It is the same as arable land suitable for growth.

As described above, when the microbial colonies were greatly developed on each granular coal and the condition on the slope (30) was favorable for the growth of native plants, the fertilizer bag (11) Most of the nitrogen-rich fertilizer (12) has been consumed by exotic vegetation plants, so exotic plants that have grown up to that point are going to decline. The state in this case is shown in FIG. 3, and this figure is about 2 months after construction. This declining, that is, dead or rotten alien plant produces organic matter on the slope (30), and depending on this and the condition on the slope (30) described above, Fig. 4 (this is the construction As shown in (4 to 5 months later), the vegetation plants of the indigenous species will flourish this time.

Therefore, when the slope vegetation method according to the present invention is applied to the slope (30), the slope (30) is protected early by the plant of the alien species immediately after the construction, and thereafter the alien plant is Decline and native plants provide vegetation close to the natural environment in the vicinity, thus maintaining the slope (30) protection for a long time.

(Example) Next, this invention is demonstrated according to an Example.

First, a fertilizer bag (11) containing a fertilizer (12) containing a large amount of general nitrogen fertilizer is placed at 1 m intervals for a vegetation net (10) having a mesh of 12 m / m × 20 m / m made of synthetic resin material. I installed it. The vegetation net (10) was arranged on the slope (30) in the state as shown in FIG. 1 and fixed on the slope (30) using a spring pin or an anchor pin.

Next, as shown in Table 1, the vegetation base material (20) having a mixing ratio was mixed with water, and this was sprayed onto the slope (30) by a hydroseeder machine. In this case, the amount of granular charcoal changed as a to d was prepared.

After that, the number of germinated seedlings in the three 25 cm × 25 cm square inspection areas was as shown in Table 2 below.

According to this, it can be seen that the 10% treated area (c) of granular coal has a large number of germinated establishments of the native species, and the 5% treated area (b) of granular coal has the highest number of established germination. Note that the ratio of seeds for exotic and native species was 3: 1. Also, the effect of adding granular charcoal into the vegetation base material (20) did not show very good results in the second inspection area, but clearly showed good results in the number of germinated seeds in other inspection areas. I understand that it will bring.

In addition, the following experiment was conducted on the adhesion of microorganisms by granular charcoal. In this case, as the vegetation base material (20), charcoal with an average particle size of about 3 mm was added to the base soil in which cohesive soil and peat moss were mixed at a ratio of 2: 1, 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%. Four types of materials mixed in different from (volume ratio) were adopted. When an annual grass of Yasushibushi was planted on this and the root system length and the amount of microorganisms, in particular, nodule bacteria adhered were examined, the results shown in Table 3 were obtained.

From the results shown in Table 3, it can be understood that the charcoal mixing rate of 10% is good for the growth of the root system and the attachment of the root knot fungus. In this case, the root-knot fungus was collected around the root point, and its size was about 2 cm in diameter.

In addition, the seeds of Yamaharoki are sprayed all over the Wagner pot containing the vegetation base material (20) as described above, and 7 plants are left per 1 pot after germination, and the remaining plants are thinned and the plant height is about 6 months later. As a result of a survey, the results are shown in Table 4.

From the results in Table 4, as far as the growth of plant height is concerned, the charcoal content of 20% was the best.

(Effect of the invention) As described in detail above, in the present invention, the "vegetation net (10) with the fertilizer bag (11) attached to the slope (3
0) It is stretched over and sprayed with a vegetation base material (20) containing plant seeds, fertilizers and soil conditioners mixed with native and alien species necessary for vegetation on the slope (30). The vegetation method (2) for spraying the vegetation base material (20) containing plant seeds onto the slope surface (30), the granular charcoal having a diameter of 2 to 5 mm.
This is characterized by the fact that a mixture of 5 to 20% by volume with respect to 0) was sprayed. ”This enables protection of slopes by vegetation without significantly changing the conventional construction method. To provide a slope vegetation method that can be surely performed, and that particularly promotes the growth of vegetation plants of native species and enables vegetation that protects the slope to be performed by native species within an early period. It is possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state in which a vegetation net having a fertilizer bag is stretched on the slope, and FIGS. 2 to 4 show the states on the slope after the construction method of the present invention in order. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing later, and FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a state in which the fertilizer bag is attached to the vegetation net. Explanation of code 10 …… Vegetation net, 11 …… Fertilizer bag, 12 …… Fertilizer, 20 ……
Vegetation base material, 30 ... Slope.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-1-174725 (JP, A) JP-A-62-17230 (JP, A) JP-A-56-163321 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plant seed, a fertilizer, and a soil improving material in which a vegetation net having a fertilizer bag is stretched on a slope and a native species and an alien species necessary for vegetation on the slope are mixed thereover. It is a slope vegetation construction method to spray a vegetation base material containing, when spraying the vegetation base material containing the plant seeds and the like on the slope, the granular carbon with a diameter of 2-5 mm, to the vegetation base material The slope vegetation method is characterized by spraying a mixture of 5 to 20% by volume.