JP2002030289A - Gasification treatment installation for waste and gasification power generating plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide both a gasification treatment installation for waste, capable of decreasing a partial combustion efficiency of waste and improving a calorific value of a generated gas and a gasification power generating plant using the same. SOLUTION: In this gasification treatment installation for waste equipped with a fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 which is provided with a gasification agent 1 being a mixed gas of air and steam, partially oxidizes and thermally decomposes the waste 2 to generate a gasification gas 3 and a rotary melting furnace 4 which heats the gasification gas 3 generated at the fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 at a high temperature and melts and removes fly ash 4b contained in the gasification gas 3, the installation is equipped with a dryer 19 for drying the waste 2 fed to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 so that even in the case of a treatment of the waste 2 having a high water content (40-50%) such as a municipal refuse comprising a large amount of garbage, etc., since the waste 2 can be supplied to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 after reduction (about 10%) in water content, a thermal energy for drying the waste 2 by the fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 is disused.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste gasification treatment facility and a gasification power generation facility using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to recover energy from organic waste such as municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, industrial waste, and the like, waste is gasified by pyrolysis to produce a fuel gas (gasified gas).
The gas conversion technology that obtains is attracting attention from the viewpoint of environmental conservation and resource saving.

[0003] As a system of this gas conversion technology, waste is added with steam and gasified at 400 to 800 ° C.
Further, a system has been developed in which cracking is performed at 1300 to 1500 ° C. to obtain clean CO and H ₂ rich gas containing no soot. The gasification gas (fuel gas) obtained in this manner is used for power generation by a power generator.

Here, as one example of a system for gasification conversion technology, two-stage gasification is performed in a gasification furnace (fluidized bed gasification furnace) and an ash melting furnace (swirl melting furnace), and the generated gasified gas is converted into a gas. A conventional gasification power generation facility that supplies power to a power generation device to generate power will be described with reference to FIG.

[0005] As shown in FIG.
The outlet at the top of the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 211 having the following is connected to the inlet to the swirling melting furnace 212. Rotating melting furnace 21
The gas outlet of No. 2 communicates with the gas inlet of the boiler 213. The gas outlet of the boiler 213 is a bag filter 2
It communicates with the 17 entrances. An outlet of the bag filter 217 communicates with a gas inlet of the condenser 218. The gas outlet of the condenser 218 communicates with the gas receiving side of the power generator 300.

The steam outlet of the boiler 213 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam turbine 214. The output shaft of the steam turbine 214 is connected to the input shaft of the generator 215. The steam outlet of the steam turbine 214 communicates with the steam inlet of the condenser 216. The water inlet of the condenser 216 communicates with the water inlet of the boiler 213.

In such a gasification power generation facility, the gasifying agent 1 which is a mixed gas of oxygen (or air) and steam is used.
Is supplied into the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 211 from below the sand layer 211a, and the waste 2 is charged onto the sand layer 211a inside the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 211.
The sand layer 211a floating and flowing while being heated (400 to 800 ° C.) is thermally decomposed into a gaseous substance,
It comes into contact with the oxygen and water vapor of the gasifying agent 1, and a part of the gas burns in the free board portion 211b (650 to 80).
0 ° C.), causing a combustion reaction represented by the following formula (1) and a water gasification reaction (reforming reaction) represented by the following formula (2), and gasification containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, etc. Gas 3 and unburned carbonaceous material 4a such as tar and soot
And fly ash 4b and incombustibles 4c.

C + O ₂ → CO ₂ + heat (1) C + H ₂ O → CO + H ₂ (2)

The incombustibles 4c are supplied to a fluidized bed gasifier 211.
From the lower part of the system. On the other hand, the gasified gas 3, the unburned carbonaceous material 4a and the fly ash 4b are
1 and fed into the swirling melting furnace 212.

When the gasifying agent 1, which is a mixed gas of oxygen (or air) and steam, is supplied into the swirling melting furnace 212, the gasified gas 3 and a part of the unburned carbonaceous material 4a become
Combustion heats the inside of the swirling melting furnace 212 (1300 to 150
About 0 ° C). The gasified gas 3, the unburned carbonaceous material 4a, and the fly ash 4b are heated while swirling inside the swirling melting furnace 212. For this reason, the fly ash (inorganic substance) 4b is melted into slag mist, captured by the furnace wall by the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, becomes slag 4d, flows down the furnace wall, and is discharged out of the system. On the other hand, the gasified gas 3 and the unburned carbonaceous material 4a
The water vaporization reaction (reforming reaction) described above further proceeds by the steam of the gasifying agent 1.

The gasification gas 3 is sent out from the swirling melting furnace 212 and is recovered by the boiler 213. Boiler 21
3 heats water with heat recovered from the gasification gas 3 to generate steam. The steam generates power by rotating the steam turbine 214 and driving the generator 215. The steam discharged from the steam turbine 214 is returned to water by the condenser 16 and supplied to the boiler 213 again.

The gasified gas 3 delivered from the boiler 213
After the dust and hydrochloric acid are removed by the bag filter 217, the condensed water 5 b is cooled by the cooling water 5 a of the condenser 218.
Is removed outside the system to become a purified gas 6.

The purified gas 6 is sent to a power generator 300,
After being used for the power generation operation, it is discharged out of the system as exhaust gas 7.

[0014]

In the above-mentioned conventional gasification and power generation equipment, if it is intended to treat waste 2 having a high moisture content (40 to 50%) such as city waste containing a large amount of kitchen waste, Since a large amount of heat is required to evaporate the water in the waste 2, the partial combustion rate must be increased. In other words, the proportion of the waste 2 that is actually burned (partially burned) in the furnace must be increased, and the proportion of gaseous substances that are thermally decomposed decreases. For this reason, the calorific value of the gasification gas 3 was reduced, and the efficiency was reduced.

In view of the above, the present invention reduces the partial combustion rate of waste (reducing the rate of actual combustion in the furnace), and reduces the rate of gaseous substances by thermal decomposition. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste gasification treatment facility capable of increasing the calorific value of a gasification gas and increasing the gasification power generation facility using the same.

[0016]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above-mentioned problems, a waste gasification treatment facility according to the first invention is supplied with a gas containing oxygen and water vapor to partially oxidize the waste, A gasification furnace for generating a gasification gas by pyrolysis, and a melting furnace for melting the ash contained in the gasification gas by heating the gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace at a high temperature and removing the same. The waste gasification treatment equipment comprising: a drying means for drying the waste put into the gasification furnace.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste gasification treatment equipment according to the first aspect, wherein the drying means uses the heat of the used exhaust gas of the gasified gas for drying. It is characterized by the following.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the drying means burns a part of the gasified gas or a used exhaust gas of the gasified gas. And drying using the heat obtained.

A waste gasification treatment facility according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes a gasification furnace which is supplied with a gas containing oxygen and water vapor to partially oxidize and thermally decompose the waste to generate a gasified gas; A melting furnace to which the gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace is heated at a high temperature to melt and remove ash contained in the gasification gas and to be supplied with a gas containing oxygen and steam. In waste gasification equipment,
A heating means for heating the gas and the steam supplied to the gasification furnace and the melting furnace is provided.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste gasification treatment facility according to the fourth aspect, wherein the heating means heats the waste gas by using the heat of the exhaust gas. It is characterized by the following.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste gasification treatment facility according to the fourth aspect, wherein the heating means burns a part of the gasified gas or a used exhaust gas of the gasified gas. It is characterized by heating using the heat obtained.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste gasification treatment equipment according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the gasification furnace is a fluidized bed gasification furnace, and the melting furnace is swirled. It is a melting furnace.

Further, the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the eighth invention generates power using the gasified gas from any one of the first to seventh waste gasification treatment equipment. A waste gasification power generation facility provided with a power generation means, wherein the power generation means includes a gas engine that operates using the gasified gas, and a generator that generates power by operation of the gas engine. It is characterized by the following.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste gasification power generation facility for generating power using the gasified gas from any one of the first to seventh waste gasification treatment facilities. Waste gasification power generation equipment comprising: wherein the power generation means includes a gas turbine that operates using the gasified gas, and a generator that generates power by operation of the gas turbine. Features.

[0025] A waste gasification power generation facility according to a tenth aspect of the present invention generates power using the gasified gas from the waste gasification treatment facility according to any one of the first to seventh aspects. A waste gasification power generation facility provided with a power generation means, wherein the power generation means includes a fuel cell that operates using the gasified gas, and a generator that generates power by operation of the fuel cell. It is characterized by the following.

The waste gasification power generation equipment according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the tenth aspect, wherein:
A gas engine that operates using the gasified gas used in the fuel cell, and a generator that generates electric power by operating the gas engine are provided.

A twelfth aspect of the present invention is the waste gasification power generation facility according to the tenth aspect, wherein the power generation means comprises:
It is characterized by comprising a gas turbine that operates using the gasified gas used in the fuel cell, and a generator that generates electric power by operating the gas turbine.

A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is directed to the waste gasification and power generation equipment according to any one of the eighth to twelfth inventions, wherein the power generation means is heated by a used exhaust gas of the gasification gas. A steam turbine that operates by using the generated steam, and a generator that generates power by the operation of the steam turbine.

[0029]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of waste gasification processing equipment and gasification power generation equipment using the same according to the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. is not.

[First Embodiment] A first embodiment of a waste gasification treatment facility and a gasification power generation facility using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gasification power generation facility.

As shown in FIG. 1, the upper outlet of the fluidized bed gasifier 11 having a sand layer 11a therein communicates with the swirl melting furnace 12 at the inlet. The gas outlet of the swirling melting furnace 12 communicates with the gas inlet of the boiler 13. The gas outlet of the boiler 13 communicates with the inlet of the bag filter 17. The outlet of the bag filter 17 is connected to the condenser 18.
To the gas inlet. The gas outlet of the condenser 18 is in communication with the gas receiving side of the power generation device 100 as the power generation means.

The steam outlet of the boiler 13 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam turbine 14. An output shaft of the steam turbine 14 is connected to an input shaft of the generator 15. The steam outlet of the steam turbine 14 communicates with the steam inlet of the condenser 16. The water inlet of the condenser 16 communicates with the water inlet of the boiler 13.

The waste supply port of the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11 is connected to a waste outlet of a dryer 19 as drying means. The gas inlet of the dryer 19 is connected to the gas outlet of the power generator 100.

In such a gasification power generation facility, when the waste 2 is put into the dryer 19, the waste 2 is dried by the heat energy of the exhaust gas 7 in the dryer 2, and has a predetermined water content (10%). After being reduced to about) and dried, it is supplied onto the sand layer 11a in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11. The moisture (steam) generated by heating the waste 2 with the dryer 19 is discharged to the outside or supplied to the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11.

Here, when the gasifying agent 1, which is a mixed gas of oxygen (or air) and steam, is supplied into the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11 from below the sand layer 11a, the waste 2 becomes
The sand layer 11a floating and flowing while being heated (400 to 800 ° C.) is thermally decomposed into a gaseous substance, comes into contact with the oxygen and water vapor of the gasifying agent 1, and a part thereof is burned in the free board section 11b. (650-800
° C), the combustion reaction represented by the following formula (1) and the following formula (2)
Causes a gasification reaction (reforming reaction) indicated by a gasification gas 3 containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, etc., an unburned carbonaceous substance 4a such as tar and soot, and fly ash 4b. And incombustibles 4c.

C + O ₂ → CO ₂ + heat (1) C + H ₂ O → CO + H ₂ (2)

The incombustibles 4c are discharged from the lower part of the fluidized-bed gasifier 11 to the outside of the system. On the other hand, the gasification gas 3, the unburned carbonaceous material 4 a and the fly ash 4 b are sent out from the upper part of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and fed into the swirling melting furnace 12.

When the gasifying agent 1, which is a mixed gas of oxygen (or air) and steam, is supplied into the swirling melting furnace 12, the gasified gas 3 and a part of the unburned carbonaceous material 4a
Burn and heat the inside of the swirling melting furnace 12 (1300 to 1500
℃). The gasification gas 3, the unburned carbonaceous material 4a, and the fly ash 4b are heated while swirling inside the swirling melting furnace 12. For this reason, the fly ash (inorganic substance) 4b is melted into slag mist, captured by the furnace wall by the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, becomes slag 4d, flows down the furnace wall, and is discharged out of the system. On the other hand, the gasification gas 3 and the unburned carbonaceous material 4 a further undergo the above-described water gasification reaction (reforming reaction) by the steam of the gasifying agent 1.

The gasification gas 3 is sent out from the swirling melting furnace 12 and is recovered by the boiler 13. The boiler 13
The water is heated by the heat recovered from the gasification gas 3 to generate steam. This steam generates power by rotating the steam turbine 14 and driving the generator 15.
The steam discharged from the steam turbine 14 is supplied to the condenser 1
The water is returned to the water at 6 and supplied to the boiler 13 again.

Gasified gas 3 delivered from boiler 13
After dust and hydrochloric acid are removed by the bag filter 17, it is cooled by the cooling water 5 a of the condenser 18, and the condensed water 5 b is removed outside the system to become the purified gas 6.

The purified gas 6 is sent to the power generator 10 and used for the power generation operation.
And is used as a heat energy source for drying the waste 2.

That is, in the present embodiment, the waste 2 is dried by the dryer 19 and then supplied to the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11, and the thermal energy of the exhaust gas 7 discharged from the power generator 100 is transferred to the waste 2. It was used for drying.

For this reason, even in the case of treating waste 2 having a high moisture content (40 to 50%) such as city garbage containing a large amount of kitchen garbage, the water content is reduced (about 10%). Since it can be supplied into the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11, heat energy for drying the waste 2 in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11 is not required.

Therefore, the partial combustion rate can be reduced by that much, and the ratio of pyrolysis to a gaseous substance can be increased, so that the calorific value of the gasified gas 3 (calories)
And the efficiency of the entire gasification power generation facility can be improved.

In drying the waste 2,
Since the thermal energy of the exhaust gas 7 discharged from the power generation device 100 is used, the thermal energy can be effectively used, and the running cost can be reduced.

If it is necessary to dry the waste 2 at the start of operation before the generation of the exhaust gas 7, auxiliary drying means for drying using an electric heater or the like may be used.

[Second Embodiment] A second embodiment of a waste gasification treatment facility and a gasification power generation facility using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the gasification power generation facility. However,
For the same parts as those of the first embodiment described above, the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first embodiment are used, and the description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 2, the waste supply port of the fluidized-bed gasifier 11 is connected to a waste outlet of a high-temperature dryer 29 as a drying means. The gas inlet of the high-temperature dryer 29 is connected to the gas outlet of the condenser 18.

In the present embodiment, the high-temperature dryer 29 is used to remove the purified gas 6 from the condenser 18.
When the waste 2 is supplied to the high-temperature dryer 29, the waste 2 is heated by the combustion heat (400).
(° C. or more), and then supplied into the fluidized bed gasification furnace 11.

That is, in the first embodiment described above, the gasifying agent 1 is heated by the heat energy of the exhaust gas 7 itself, but in the present embodiment, the gasified gas 3 is purified gas. The waste 2 is heated by the combustion heat energy of the purified gas 6.

For this reason, as in the case of the first embodiment described above, there is a case where waste 2 having a large amount of water (40 to 50%) such as city garbage containing a large amount of kitchen garbage is treated. However, heat energy for drying the waste 2 in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11 becomes unnecessary.

Therefore, as in the case of the first embodiment described above, the partial combustion rate can be reduced by that much, and the rate of thermal decomposition to a gaseous substance can be increased. The calorific value of the gasification gas 3 can be increased, and the efficiency of the entire gasification power generation facility can be improved.

At the start of the operation before the generation of the purified gas 6, an auxiliary drying means for heating using an electric heater or the like may be used.

[Third Embodiment] A third embodiment of a waste gasification treatment facility and a gasification power generation facility utilizing the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the gasification power generation facility. However,
For the same parts as those in the first and second embodiments described above, the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first and second embodiments described above are used to omit the description. I do.

As shown in FIG. 3, the gasification agent supply ports of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and the swirling melting furnace 12 are connected to the gasification agent supply port of a heat exchanger 39 as heating means.
The gas supply port of the power generator 100 is connected to the heat medium receiving port of the heat exchanger 39. In this embodiment, the dryer 19 and the high-temperature dryer 29 are omitted.

In this embodiment, when the gasifying agent 1 is supplied to the heat exchanger 39, the gasifying agent 1 is heated by the exhaust gas 7 (400 ° C. or higher), and then the fluidized bed gasifying furnace 11 and It is supplied into the swirling melting furnace 12.

That is, in the first and second embodiments described above, the water content of the waste 2 is reduced.
In the present embodiment, the amount of heat energy of the gasifying agent 1 is increased.

For this reason, in the present embodiment, there is a large amount of water (40 to
(50%) Even when the waste 2 is treated, the heat energy of the gasifying agent 1 is high, so that the waste 2 in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11 can be dried by the heat energy.

Therefore, as in the first and second embodiments described above, the partial combustion rate can be reduced by that much, and the proportion of gaseous substances that are thermally decomposed can be increased. In addition, the calorific value of the gasification gas 3 can be increased, and the efficiency of the entire gasification power generation facility can be improved.

In heating the gasifying agent 1,
Since the thermal energy of the exhaust gas 7 discharged from the power generation device 100 is used, the thermal energy can be effectively used, and the running cost can be reduced.

At the start of operation before the generation of the exhaust gas 7, it is preferable to use an auxiliary heating means for heating using an electric heater or the like.

[Fourth Embodiment] A fourth embodiment of a waste gasification treatment facility and a gasification power generation facility using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the gasification power generation facility. However,
For the same parts as those of the first to third embodiments described above, the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first to third embodiments are used, and the description thereof is omitted. I do.

As shown in FIG. 4, the gasification agent supply ports of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and the swirling melting furnace 12 are connected to the gasification agent supply port of a high-temperature heat exchanger 49 as heating means. . The heat medium receiving port of the high-temperature heat exchanger 49 is connected to the condenser 18.
To the gas outlet. In this embodiment, the dryer 19 and the high-temperature dryer 29 are omitted.

In this embodiment, since the high-temperature heat exchanger 49 takes in a part of the purified gas 6 sent out from the condenser 18 and burns it, the heat of combustion can be generated. When the gasifying agent 1 is supplied to the high-temperature heat exchanger 49, the gasifying agent 1 is supplied to the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11 and the swirling melting furnace 12 after being heated (400 ° C. or higher) by the combustion heat. become.

That is, in the third embodiment described above, the gasifying agent 1 is heated by the heat energy of the exhaust gas 7 itself, but in the present embodiment, the gasifying agent 1 is heated by the combustion heat energy of the purified gas 6. That is, the agent 1 was heated.

For this reason, as in the case of the third embodiment described above, there is a case where waste 2 having a high moisture content (40 to 50%) such as city garbage containing a large amount of kitchen garbage is treated. Also, the waste 2 in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11 can be dried by the thermal energy of the gasifying agent 1.

Therefore, as in the case of the first to third embodiments, the partial combustion rate can be reduced by that much, and the proportion of gaseous substances that are thermally decomposed can be increased. In addition, the calorific value of the gasification gas 3 can be increased, and the efficiency of the entire gasification power generation facility can be improved.

At the start of operation before the generation of the purified gas 6, an auxiliary heating means for heating using an electric heater or the like may be used.

In the third and fourth embodiments, the gasifying agent 1 to be supplied to the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11 and the swirling melting furnace 12 is collectively heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger 39 (400 ° C. or higher). For example, the gasifying agent 1 to the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11 is heated and supplied to about 650 ° C.
Efficiency can be further improved by using a high-temperature heat exchanger that can be supplied by heating to about 0 ° C.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the gasifying agent 1 in which oxygen (or air) and steam are mixed is supplied to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and the swirling melting furnace 12. Alternatively, air) and water vapor may be individually supplied. Further, when the reforming reaction is sufficiently performed in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11, steam may be supplied only to the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11.

[Embodiment of Power Generating Device] Here, an embodiment of the above-described power generating device 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a power generator, FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the power generator, and FIG. 7 is a third embodiment of the power generator. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment of a power generator, FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fifth embodiment of the power generator, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a sixth embodiment of the power generator, FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a seventh embodiment of the power generator, and FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration of an eighth embodiment of the power generator. FIG.

[First Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 5, the purified gas 6 (purified gasified gas 3) from the condenser 18 is supplied to a gas engine power generator 110 as a power generating means. The gas is supplied to the gas receiving port of the compressor 111. The gas outlet of the compressor 111 is connected to the gas holder 1
It is connected to 12 gas inlets. The gas outlet of the gas holder 112 is connected to the purified gas inlet of the gas engine 113. The air 8 is supplied to the gas engine 113. The output of the gas engine 113 is connected to a generator 115.

In such a gas engine power generator 110, the compressor 111 compresses the purified gas 6 to a high pressure and sends it to the gas holder 112, and the gas holder 112 supplies the purified gas 6 into the gas engine 113 at a specified pressure. At the same time, the air 8 is supplied into the gas engine 113, and the generator 115 is driven by driving the output shaft by the combustion explosive force of the purified gas 6 and the air 8 in the gas engine 113, thereby generating electricity.

Since the exhaust gas 7 discharged from the gas engine 113 of the gas engine power generation device 110 has a very high temperature, the exhaust gas 7 has the same heat as in the first and third embodiments of the gasification power generation equipment described above. It is effective to apply when energy is recovered and used.

[Second Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 6, the purified gas 6 (purified gasified gas 3) from the condenser 18 is supplied to a gas turbine generator 120 as a power generating means. The gas is supplied to the gas receiving port of the compressor 111. The gas outlet of the compressor 111 is connected to the gas holder 1
It is connected to twelve purified gas receiving ports. Gas holder 11
2 is supplied with air. The gas outlet of the gas holder 112 is connected to the gas inlet of the gas turbine 123. The output of the gas turbine 123 is connected to a generator 115.

In such a gas turbine power generator 120, the compressor 111 compresses the purified gas 6 to a high pressure and sends it to the gas holder 112, and the gas holder 112 transfers the purified gas 6 together with the air 8 into the gas turbine 123. The gas is supplied at a pressure, and the purified gas 6 in the gas turbine 123 is supplied.
The generator 115 is driven by the driving of the output shaft by the combustion explosive force of the air and the air 8 to generate electric power.

Since the exhaust gas 7 discharged from the gas turbine 123 of the gas turbine power generator 120 is very high temperature, the exhaust gas 7 has the same heat as in the first and third embodiments of the gasification power generation equipment described above. It is effective to apply when energy is recovered and used.

[Third Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 7, the purified gas 6 (purified gasified gas 3) from the condenser 18 is supplied to the fuel cell 133 of the fuel cell power generator 130. It is supplied to the fuel gas receiving port. Fuel cell 133
Is supplied with air 8. A generator 135 is connected to the fuel cell 133 via an inverter 134.

In the fuel cell power generator 130, when the purified gas 6 and the air 8 are supplied to the fuel cell 133, an electrochemical reaction occurs in the fuel cell 133 to generate power, and the power is generated via the inverter 134. Machine 135 is operated.

The exhaust gas 7 of the purified gas 6 discharged from the fuel cell 133 of the fuel cell power generator 130 has a very high temperature and contains a relatively large amount of combustion components such as hydrogen. It is of course effective to apply the present invention to the case where thermal energy is recovered and used as in the first and third embodiments of the gasification power generation system, for example, the second and the third embodiments of the gasification power generation system described above. If the exhaust gas 7 is supplied in place of the purified gas 6 sent to the high-temperature dryer 29 or the high-temperature heat exchanger 49 in the fourth embodiment, the purified gas 6 is correspondingly supplied to the fuel cell 133. Since it can be used for power generation, the efficiency can be further improved.

[Fourth Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 8, the gas outlet of a gas engine 113 of a gas engine generator 110 having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment described above is Boiler 1 of turbine generator 140
It communicates with 41 gas inlets. The steam outlet of the boiler 141 communicates with the steam inlet of the steam turbine 143. An output of the steam turbine 143 is connected to an input of the generator 145. Steam turbine 1
The steam outlet of 43 is connected to the steam inlet of the condenser 142. The water inlet of the condenser 142 communicates with the water inlet of the boiler 141.

A gas engine as such a power generating means
In the steam turbine generator 150, the exhaust gas 7 used for power generation is supplied to the boiler 141 of the steam turbine generator 140 in the same manner as in the gas engine generator 110 of the first embodiment described above, and
1, the steam is heated by the heat recovered by the boiler 141 from the exhaust gas 7 to generate steam, and the steam is generated by rotating the steam turbine 143 and driving the generator 145. The water is discharged from the condenser 143, cooled by the condenser 16 and returned to water, and the water is supplied to the boiler 141 again.

Since the exhaust gas 7 discharged from the steam turbine generator 140 of the gas engine-steam turbine generator 150 is recovered by the boiler 141, the second and fourth gasification power generation facilities described above are used. It is effective to apply to the case like the embodiment described above.

[Fifth Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 9, the gas outlet of the gas turbine 123 of the gas turbine power generator 120 having the same configuration as that of the second embodiment described above is Is connected to the gas receiving port of the boiler 141 of the steam turbine power generator 140 having the same configuration as that of the fourth embodiment.

A gas turbine as such a power generation means
In the steam turbine power generator 160, the exhaust gas 7 used for power generation is supplied to the boiler 141 of the steam turbine power generator 140 in the same manner as in the gas turbine power generator 120 according to the second embodiment described above. It is used for power generation in the same manner as in the steam turbine power generator 140 of the fourth embodiment.

Since the exhaust gas 7 discharged from the steam turbine generator 140 of the gas engine-steam turbine generator 150 is recovered by the boiler 141, the second and fourth gasification power generation facilities described above are used. It is effective to apply to the case like the embodiment described above.

[Sixth Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 10, the gas outlet of the fuel cell 133 of the fuel cell power generator 130 having the same configuration as that of the third embodiment described above is Is connected to the gas receiving port of the boiler 141 of the steam turbine power generator 140 having the same configuration as that of the fourth embodiment. The air 8 supplied to the fuel cell 133 of the fuel cell power generator 130 is heated by the boiler 141 of the steam turbine power generator 140.

In the fuel cell-steam turbine power generator 170 as such power generating means, the exhaust gas of the purified gas 6 used for power generation in the same manner as the fuel cell power generator 130 of the third embodiment described above. 7 and the exhaust gas 7 of the air 8 are supplied to the boiler 14 of the steam turbine power generator 140.
1 and are used for power generation in the same manner as in the steam turbine power generator 140 of the fourth embodiment described above.

Since the exhaust gas 7 discharged from the steam turbine generator 140 of the fuel cell-steam turbine generator 170 is recovered by the boiler 141, the second and fourth gasification power generation facilities described above are used. It is of course effective to apply the present invention to the case of the third embodiment, as in the case of the fuel cell power generator 130 of the third embodiment described above. If the exhaust gas 7 is supplied instead of the purified gas 6 sent to the high-temperature dryer 29 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 39 in the second and fourth embodiments, the purified gas 6 Since the battery 133 can be used for power generation, the efficiency can be further improved.

[Seventh Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 11A, an air receiving port of a fuel cell 133 of a fuel cell power generator 130 having the same configuration as that of the third embodiment described above. Is connected to the compressor 13 via the gas holder 137.
6. The gas outlet of the fuel cell 133 communicates with the gas inlet of the gas turbine 123 of the gas turbine generator 120 having the same configuration as that of the above-described second embodiment.

In the fuel cell-gas turbine power generator 180 as such power generation means, the air 8 compressed by the compressor 136 of the fuel cell power generator 130 is supplied to the fuel cell 133 via the gas holder 137, and The purified gas 6 from the condenser 18 is supplied to the fuel cell 133
And the exhaust gas 7 of the purified gas 6 and the exhaust gas 7 of the air 8 used for power generation are generated in the same manner as the fuel cell power generator 130 of the third embodiment described above. And is used for power generation in the same manner as the gas turbine power generator 120 of the second embodiment described above.

The exhaust gas 7 discharged from the gas turbine 123 of such a fuel cell-gas turbine power generator 180
Since the temperature is very high, it is effective to apply it to the case where thermal energy is recovered and used as in the first and third embodiments described above.

As shown in FIG. 11B, the compressor 131 may be connected to the purified gas receiving port of the fuel cell 133 of the fuel cell power generator 130 via the gas holder 132.

Further, instead of the gas turbine power generation device 120, a fuel cell-gas engine power generation device, which is a power generation means to which the gas engine power generation device 110 of the first embodiment described above is applied, can be used. .

[Eighth Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 12 (a), an air inlet of a fuel cell 133 of a fuel cell power generator 130 having a configuration similar to that of the third embodiment described above. Is connected to the compressor 13 via the gas holder 137.
6. The gas outlet of the fuel cell 133 communicates with the gas inlet of the gas turbine 123 of the gas turbine generator 120 having the same configuration as that of the above-described second embodiment. The gas outlet of the gas turbine 123 is
The gas turbine is connected to the gas inlet of the boiler 141 of the steam turbine power generator 140 having the same configuration as that of the fourth embodiment.

In such a fuel cell-gas turbine-steam turbine generator 190, the purified gas 6 and the air 8 are supplied from the fuel cell of the seventh embodiment described above.
The gas turbine generator 180 is used for power generation in the same manner as the fuel cell generator 130, and the exhaust gas 7 of the purified gas 6 and the exhaust gas 7 of the air 8
0 and are used for power generation in the same manner as the gas turbine generator 120 in the case of the fuel cell-gas turbine generator 180 of the seventh embodiment described above. It is used for power generation in the same manner as in the case of the steam turbine power generator 140 of the fourth embodiment.

Since the exhaust gas 7 discharged from the steam turbine generator 140 of the fuel cell-gas turbine-steam turbine generator 190 as such a power generating means is recovered by the boiler 141, the above-mentioned second and the second exhaust gas are recovered. It is effective to apply to the case like the fourth embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 12B, a compressor 131 may be connected to a purified gas receiving port of the fuel cell 133 of the fuel cell power generator 130 via a gas holder 132.

Further, instead of the gas turbine generator 120, a fuel cell-gas engine-steam turbine generator, which is a power generation unit to which the gas engine generator 110 of the first embodiment described above is applied, may be used. It is possible.

[0100]

The gasification treatment equipment for waste according to the first invention is a gasification furnace which is supplied with a gas containing oxygen and water vapor to partially oxidize and thermally decompose the waste to generate a gasified gas. And a waste gasification treatment facility comprising a melting furnace for heating the gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace at a high temperature to melt and remove ash contained in the gasification gas, Since the drying means for drying the waste supplied to the gasification furnace is provided, the moisture of the waste supplied to the gasification furnace is reduced, and the partial combustion rate of the waste in the gasification furnace is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to increase the rate at which the waste is thermally decomposed into a gasified gas, thereby improving the calorific value of the gasified gas.

The waste gasification treatment equipment according to a second aspect of the present invention is the waste gasification treatment equipment according to the first aspect, wherein the drying means dries by utilizing heat of a used exhaust gas of the gasification gas. Therefore, heat energy can be effectively used, and running costs can be reduced.

[0102] In the waste gasification treatment equipment according to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the drying means may burn a part of the gasified gas or a used exhaust gas of the gasified gas. Since the waste is dried using the heat obtained, the waste can be efficiently dried and the efficiency of the treatment can be improved.

[0103] The waste gasification treatment equipment according to the fourth invention comprises a gasification furnace which is supplied with a gas containing oxygen and water vapor to partially oxidize and thermally decompose the waste to generate a gasified gas; A melting furnace to which the gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace is heated at a high temperature to melt and remove ash contained in the gasification gas and to be supplied with a gas containing oxygen and steam. In waste gasification equipment,
Since the heating device for heating the gas and the steam supplied to the gasification furnace and the melting furnace,
Since the temperature of waste can be easily raised and the partial combustion rate of waste in the gasifier can be reduced, the rate of thermal decomposition of waste into gasified gas can be increased. In addition, the calorific value of the gasified gas can be improved.

[0104] In a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the waste gasification treatment equipment according to the fourth aspect, the heating means heats the waste gas by using the heat of the used exhaust gas. Therefore, heat energy can be effectively used, and running costs can be reduced.

The waste gasification treatment equipment according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the waste gasification equipment according to the fourth aspect, wherein the heating means burns a part of the gasified gas or a used exhaust gas of the gasified gas. Since the heating is performed using the heat obtained, the mixed gas can be efficiently heated,
The processing efficiency can be improved.

The waste gasification treatment equipment according to a seventh invention is the waste gasification treatment equipment according to any one of the first to sixth inventions, wherein the gasification furnace is a fluidized bed gasification furnace, and the melting furnace is swirled. Since it is a melting furnace, gasification and fly ash can be efficiently collected, the partial combustion rate of waste is reduced, and the calorific value of the gasified gas can be improved.

Further, the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the eighth invention generates electric power using the gasified gas from any one of the first to seventh waste gasification treatment equipment. A waste gasification power generation facility provided with a power generation means, wherein the power generation means includes a gas engine that operates using the gasified gas, and a generator that generates power by operation of the gas engine. Therefore, power generation can be performed by effectively using the gasified gas.

The waste gasification and power generation equipment according to the ninth invention is a power generation means for generating power using the gasified gas from any one of the first to seventh waste gasification treatment equipment. In the waste gasification power generation equipment provided with, since the power generation means includes a gas turbine that operates using the gasified gas, and a generator that generates power by the operation of the gas turbine, Power generation can be performed by effectively using gasified gas.

The waste gasification and power generation equipment according to the tenth aspect of the present invention generates power using the gasified gas from the waste gasification and treatment equipment according to any one of the first to seventh aspects. A waste gasification power generation facility provided with a power generation means, wherein the power generation means includes a fuel cell that operates using the gasified gas, and a generator that generates power by operation of the fuel cell. Therefore, power generation can be performed by effectively using the gasified gas.

The waste gasification and power generation equipment according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the waste gasification and power generation equipment according to the tenth aspect, wherein
Since the fuel cell includes a gas engine that operates using the gasified gas used in the fuel cell and a generator that generates power by operating the gas engine, power generation can be performed by using the gasified gas more effectively. It can be carried out.

A twelfth aspect of the present invention is the waste gasification and power generation facility according to the tenth aspect, wherein the power generation means comprises:
Since a gas turbine that operates using the gasified gas used in the fuel cell and a generator that generates power by operating the gas turbine are provided, power generation is more effectively performed using the gasified gas. It can be carried out.

A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is directed to the waste gasification power generation equipment according to any one of the eighth to twelfth inventions, wherein the power generation means is heated by the used exhaust gas of the gasification gas. Since the steam turbine that operates using the steam thus produced and the generator that generates power by the operation of the steam turbine are provided, power generation can be performed using gasified gas more effectively.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a waste gasification power generation facility according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a third embodiment of the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment of the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a power generation device of a waste gasification power generation facility according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the power generation device of the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a third embodiment of the power generation device of the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment of the power generation device of the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fifth embodiment of the power generation device of the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of a sixth embodiment of the power generation device of the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a seventh embodiment of the power generator of the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of an eighth embodiment of the power generation device of the waste gasification power generation equipment according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of a conventional gasification power generation facility for waste.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasifier 2 Waste 3 Gasification gas 4a Unburned carbonaceous material 4b Fly ash 4c Incombustible material 4d Slag 5a Cooling water 5b Condensed water 6 Purified gas 7 Exhaust gas 8 Air 11 Fluidized bed gasification furnace 11a Sand layer 11b Free board part 12 Revolving melting furnace 13 Boiler 14 Steam turbine 15 Generator 16 Condenser 17 Bag filter 18 Condenser 19 Dryer 29 High temperature dryer 39 Heat exchanger 49 High temperature heat exchanger 100 Power generator 110 Gas engine generator 111 Compressor 112 Gas holder 113 Gas engine 115 Generator 120 Gas turbine generator 123 Gas turbine 130 Fuel cell generator 133 Fuel cell 134 Inverter 135 Generator 136 Compressor 137 Gas holder 140 Steam turbine generator 141 Boiler 142 Condenser 143 Steam Turbine 145 Generator 150 Gas Engine-Steam Turbine Generator 160 Gas Turbine-Steam Turbine Generator 170 Fuel Cell-Steam Turbine Generator 180 Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine Generator 190 Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine-Steam Turbine Generator

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B09B 5/00 C02F 11/10 Z C02F 11/06 ZAB 11/12 B 11/10 F01K 27/02 C 11 / 12 F02B 43/08 F01K 27/02 F02C 3/26 F02B 43/08 6/00 B F02C 3/26 H01M 8/00 Z 6/00 8/06 R H01M 8/00 B09B 3/00 303L 8/06 303H 5/00 L (72) Inventor Hirotoshi Horizoe 12 Nishikicho, Naka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. 3G081 BA02 BA11 BB00 BC05 BC13 BD00 DA14 4D004 AA02 AA03 AA46 AB01 AC05 BA03 CA27 CA29 CA42 CB31 4D059 AA03 AA07 BB03 BB13 BC03 BD00 BF15 CA10 CA11 CA12 CC03 DA47 5H027 BA16 DD02 DD09

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A gasification furnace which is supplied with a gas containing oxygen and water vapor to partially oxidize and thermally decompose waste to generate a gasification gas, and heats the gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace to a high temperature. A waste gasification treatment facility comprising a melting furnace for heating and melting and removing ash contained in the gasification gas; drying means for drying the waste charged into the gasification furnace A waste gasification treatment facility comprising: 2. The waste gasification treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the drying means is configured to dry the waste gas by using heat of a used exhaust gas of the gasification gas. 3. The drying device according to claim 1, wherein the drying unit uses heat obtained by burning a part of the gasified gas or a used exhaust gas of the gasified gas. Gasification treatment equipment for waste. 4. A gasification furnace which is supplied with a gas containing oxygen and water vapor to partially oxidize and thermally decompose waste to generate a gasification gas, and heats the gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace to a high temperature. A waste gasification treatment facility comprising a melting furnace to be heated to melt and remove ash contained in the gasification gas and to be supplied with a gas containing oxygen and water vapor, wherein the gasification furnace And a heating means for heating the gas and the steam supplied to the melting furnace. 5. The waste gasification treatment equipment according to claim 4, wherein the heating means heats the waste gas by using heat of a used exhaust gas of the gasification gas. 6. The heating device according to claim 4, wherein the heating means heats a part of the gasified gas or heat obtained by burning a used exhaust gas of the gasified gas. Gasification treatment equipment for waste. 7. The waste gasification treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the gasification furnace is a fluidized bed gasification furnace, and the melting furnace is a rotary melting furnace. 8. A waste gasification power generation facility comprising a power generation means for generating power using the gasified gas from the waste gasification treatment facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein Waste gasification power generation equipment, characterized in that the power generation means comprises: a gas engine that operates using the gasified gas; and a generator that generates power by operation of the gas engine. 9. A waste gasification power generation facility comprising a power generation means for generating power using the gasified gas from the waste gasification treatment facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein Waste gasification power generation equipment, characterized in that the power generation means includes: a gas turbine that operates by using the gasified gas; and a generator that generates power by operation of the gas turbine. 10. A waste gasification power generation facility comprising power generation means for generating power using the gasified gas from the waste gasification treatment facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: A gasification power generation facility for wastes, wherein the power generation means includes: a fuel cell that operates using the gasified gas; and a generator that generates power by operation of the fuel cell. 11. The gas generator according to claim 10, wherein the power generator includes: a gas engine that operates using the gasified gas used in the fuel cell; and a generator that generates power by operation of the gas engine. Waste gasification and power generation facilities. 12. The gas generator according to claim 10, wherein the power generator includes: a gas turbine that operates using the gasified gas used in the fuel cell; and a generator that generates power by operating the gas turbine. Waste gasification and power generation facilities. 13. The steam turbine according to claim 8, wherein the power generation unit operates by using steam heated by a used exhaust gas of the gasified gas, and by operating the steam turbine. A gasification and power generation facility for waste, comprising: a generator for generating power.