JP2001248184A - Mounting structure of radiator and oil cooler for construction machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a mounting structure of a radiator and an oil cooler of a construction machine, which can be tuned in a short period of time to eliminate excessive or insufficient cooling without changing the cooling capacity of the radiator and the oil cooler. A radiator (43) and an oil cooler (44) are provided in a mounting structure of a radiator and an oil cooler of a construction machine for simultaneously cooling a radiator cooling water and hydraulic oil by disposing a radiator and an oil cooler in front of a cooling fan. ), The gap between one side facing both body exteriors (5) is arranged wider than the gap between the other sides, and the gap between the other sides is sealed and provided on the body exterior (5). The wider gap was located near the intake port (7). An opening adjusting plate (48, 58, 68) for providing an opening (48a, 59, 69) having a predetermined opening amount may be attached to the wider gap.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a mounting structure for a radiator and an oil cooler of a construction machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a construction machine, a maximum operable outdoor temperature (hereinafter referred to as a maximum specification outside temperature) as a specification value is determined, and even if continuous work is performed at the maximum specification outside temperature, the radiator water temperature and hydraulic oil The temperature is kept below the maximum allowable temperature to prevent overheating. For this purpose, the radiator cooling water and the working oil of the oil cooler are generally simultaneously cooled by cooling air from a cooling fan.

[0003] Conventionally, many mounting structures for a radiator and an oil cooler for this purpose have been proposed, which is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-14122. FIG.
1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a main part of a hydraulic shovel to which a mounting structure of a radiator and an oil cooler disclosed in the publication is applied. The arrows indicate the flow of the cooling air, and the same applies hereinafter. In FIG. 6, an engine 25 is mounted at the rear of the upper revolving superstructure 20 in the vehicle front-rear direction.
5 forward (that is, the rear side of the vehicle), the cooling fans 26,
A radiator 27 and an oil cooler 28 are provided.
The oil cooler 28 is disposed to be inclined rearward and upward with respect to the radiator 27. Between the radiator 27 and the oil cooler 28, a cover plate 29 surrounding the entire outer periphery of the space between them is attached. A cooling air suction port 23 is formed in the upper cover 22 that covers above the radiator 27 and the oil cooler 28.

According to this configuration, since the oil cooler 28 is disposed so as to be inclined rearward and upward with respect to the radiator 27, the outside air from the suction port 23 is supplied to each of the oil cooler 28 and the radiator 27 as shown by arrows in the drawing. The cooling air flows smoothly at a substantially right angle to the surface, so that the cooling efficiency can be increased by preventing a decrease in the air volume due to cooling air stagnation and a partial variation in cooling. Further, since the entire outer periphery between the oil cooler 28 and the radiator 27 is surrounded by the cover plate 29, all the cooling air sucked by the cooling fan 26 passes through the oil cooler 28 and the radiator 27, and The radiator 27 can be cooled reliably.

[0005]

However, the mounting structure of the radiator 27 and the oil cooler 28 described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-14122 has the following two problems. (1) By adjusting the cooling efficiencies of the radiator 27 and the oil cooler 28, the excess and deficiency of each cooling can be eliminated, the horsepower consumption of the cooling fan 26 can be minimized, and the construction machine with reduced fuel consumption can be manufactured in a short period of time. It is hoped that it can be developed. However, the aforementioned Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No.
With the technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2 (1994), it is very difficult to realize the above. (2) When the cooling efficiency and the horsepower consumption are optimized in the above (1), the types of the radiator 27 and the oil cooler 28 are different for each type of construction machine, so that the types are increased, and the manufacturing cost and the parts management cost are increased. are doing. The details of the above (1) and (2) will be described below.

(1) When the construction machine performs continuous work at a temperature lower than the specified maximum outside temperature (assumed to be 40 ° C., the same applies hereinafter), both the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature are the respective allowable maximum temperatures (described in the description). For the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that the temperature is the same at 100 ° C., and the same shall apply hereinafter.) In the development stage, the cooling capacity of the radiator, the cooling capacity of the oil cooler, and the size and the number of rotations of the cooling fan are accurately determined. It is necessary to set to, usually to make a prototype. As a result, for example, when the continuous operation is performed at the maximum specification outside temperature of 40 ° C., the result may be such that the radiator water temperature is 98 ° C. and the hydraulic oil temperature is 90 ° C. In this case, both the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature have room for the maximum allowable temperature of 100 ° C, but this is because cooling is performed more than necessary using a cooling fan. 100 ゜ C
In order to reduce the power consumption of the cooling fan, the rotation speed of the cooling fan is reduced. At this time, the hydraulic oil temperature also rises proportionally to about 92 ° C., but it is still cooled by about 8 ° C., so that the cooling fan consumes extra horsepower and lowers fuel efficiency. Will be.

The above-described problem also occurs in the mounting structure described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-14122. That is, at the time of development, a trial production is performed after the cooling capacity of the radiator 27 and the oil cooler 28 is determined at the design stage. Here, the radiator 27 and the oil cooler 2 are formed by the cover plate 29.
8 has a structure in which the same amount of cooling air always flows. As described above, the ratio of the cooling capacity of the two and the increase ratio of the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature in the actual machine do not match. obtain. Therefore, it is very difficult to obtain a result in which both the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature are balanced at the maximum allowable temperature when the hydraulic excavator is continuously operated at the maximum specified outside temperature in one trial production.

For this purpose, it is necessary to tune the radiator 27 and the oil cooler 28 so as to eliminate excessive or insufficient cooling by repeating trial production and testing. For example,
First, the pitch (interval) of the cooling fins (not shown) of the oil cooler 28 is coarsened to reduce the total radiating area of the cooling fins, and the cooling capacity of the oil cooler 28 is reduced so that the operating oil temperature becomes, for example, 96 ° C. Only let it cool. This suppresses the temperature rise of the cooling air passing through the oil cooler 28, increases the amount of cooling air by reducing the ventilation resistance due to the coarsening of the cooling fin pitch, improves the cooling capacity of the radiator 27, and increases the radiator water temperature. Is lowered to 96 ° C, which is the same as the operating oil temperature. Next, 96
The rotation speed of the cooling fan 26 is gradually reduced until both the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature of ゜ C reach the allowable maximum temperature of approximately 100 ° C. With the above tuning,
It is possible to increase the cooling efficiency of the cooling fan 26 and set the consumed horsepower to a necessary minimum. However, the above tuning method involves changing the design of one of the oil cooler 28 and the radiator 27 so that the hydraulic oil temperature and the radiator water temperature are equal.
The development period and development cost increase.

(2) In the case of construction machines, when the optimal oil cooler or radiator is designed for each individual model as described above, the number of types increases and the amount of production per type decreases. And cost increase. For this purpose, it is attempted to reduce the cost by using a common oil cooler or radiator between similar models. However, this commonization reduces the cooling efficiency of the cooling fan and the horsepower consumption for each model described in (1) above. Optimization comes at a cost
Low cost but poor fuel economy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is intended to provide a construction machine capable of performing tuning in a short period of time to eliminate excessive or insufficient cooling without changing the cooling capacity of a radiator and an oil cooler. It is an object of the present invention to provide a mounting structure for a radiator and an oil cooler.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cooling fan installed in front of an engine covered with a vehicle body exterior, and a radiator and an oil in front of the cooling fan. In a mounting structure of a radiator and an oil cooler of a construction machine for arranging a cooler and simultaneously cooling a radiator cooling water and a hydraulic oil, the radiator and the oil cooler may be separated from each other by a gap between one side facing the body exterior of both. The gap is wider than the gap between the sides, and the wider gap is positioned near the intake port provided on the exterior of the vehicle body.

[0012] According to this configuration, the cooling air from the cooling fan is supplied to the radiator and the oil cooler in the vicinity of the intake port of the radiator and the oil cooler from the intake port of the vehicle body exterior in addition to the normal cooling air flowing into the radiator through the oil cooler. The bypass cooling air flowing directly into the radiator through the gap between the sides is obtained. Therefore, first, by changing the amount of the bypass cooling air, the difference between the radiator water temperature and the working oil temperature can be changed so as to be substantially equal to the difference between the allowable maximum temperatures of the two.
The amount of the bypass cooling air is changed by, for example, changing the angle formed between the radiator and the oil cooler, or closing a wide gap located near the intake port by a predetermined amount.
This is possible by arbitrarily adjusting the opening amount of the gap. Next, by changing the rotation speed of the cooling fan,
The radiator water temperature and hydraulic oil temperature can be changed substantially in parallel. Therefore, without changing the cooling capacity of the radiator and the oil cooler, the radiator water temperature and hydraulic oil temperature when the construction machine is continuously operated at the specified maximum outside temperature or less are almost equal to the respective allowable maximum temperatures, and the cooling is performed. Can be tuned to eliminate the excess or deficiency, so the horsepower consumption of the cooling fan can be minimized. As a result, fuel consumption and cooling fan noise can be reduced. In addition, tuning can be performed to eliminate excessive or insufficient cooling without changing the cooling capacity of the radiator and oil cooler, eliminating the need for repeated production and testing of the radiator and oil cooler, shortening the development period and reducing development costs. In addition to the reduction, the cost can be reduced by using a common radiator and oil cooler for each model. Furthermore, since the wider gap is located near the exterior of the vehicle body, a nozzle or the like can be easily inserted into the gap between the radiator and the oil cooler, and the inside can be easily seen from the outside, so that the radiator can be easily cleaned.

Further, in addition to the above configuration, the present invention may have a configuration in which an opening adjusting plate for providing an opening having a predetermined opening amount is provided in a wider gap between the radiator and the oil cooler. According to this configuration, by attaching the opening adjusting plate to the gap, the amount of the bypass cooling air can be adjusted by adjusting the opening amount of the opening in the gap. here,
The adjustment of the opening amount of the opening in the gap is performed, for example, by changing the width of the opening adjustment plate made of a flat plate to adjust the area that closes the gap, or by changing the size and / or number of holes formed in the opening adjustment plate. Alternatively, it is possible to change the area of the opening adjustment plate having an opening with a predetermined opening amount to close the opening with an opening / closing lid (described in detail in the embodiment). Therefore,
In addition to the effects described above, the tuning can be performed more easily. Further, if the opening amount can be arbitrarily adjusted by the operator using the opening adjusting plate, the ratio between the cooling capacity of the radiator and the cooling capacity of the oil cooler can be changed, so that the horsepower consumed by the cooling fan is not increased. The cooling efficiency of the radiator water temperature and the working oil temperature can be appropriately set in accordance with various work contents in which the ratio of the calorific value of the engine to the calorific value of the working oil is different. (For example, during high-load excavation or when traveling over long distances, the efficiency of cooling the operating oil temperature is increased.)
Therefore, versatility to the application work can be improved.

Further, in the present invention, in addition to the above configuration, a net may be attached to a wider gap between the radiator and the oil cooler. According to this configuration, since the amount of the bypass cooling air can be set by the roughness of the net, the tuning as described above can be easily performed by adjusting the roughness of the net, and therefore, The same effects as those described above can be obtained. In addition, the net prevents foreign substances such as leaves from flowing into the net, thereby preventing clogging of the radiator.

[0015]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
This will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

First, a hydraulic shovel to which a mounting structure of a radiator and an oil cooler according to the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the hydraulic excavator, and FIG. 2 is a rear view of the same partial cross section.

A counterweight 3 is disposed at an upper rear end of an upper revolving structure 2 which is rotatably mounted substantially at the upper center of the lower traveling structure 1, and an engine 4 and a cooling fan 41 are provided in front of the counterweight 3. Are installed horizontally with the cooling fan 41 side facing the left side of the vehicle body. A body exterior 5 is provided so as to surround the engine 4.
A cooling air intake port and an exhaust port are provided on the left side, a side intake port 6 on the left side, an upper side intake port 7 on the upper side near the left end of the vehicle body, a side exhaust port 8 on a right side, and a right side of the vehicle body on the upper side. The upper surface exhaust port 9 is provided. Further, a cooling fan 41 is provided in front of the engine 4, and a shroud 42 is provided so as to surround an outer periphery of the cooling fan 41. Further, a radiator 43 is provided in front of the shroud 42, and an oil cooler 44 is provided in front of the radiator 43. A hydraulic pump 61 is provided behind the engine 4, and the oil cooler 44 is connected to a hydraulic circuit for hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 61 (the circuit is not shown).

A work implement 12 (only a part of which is shown) is attached to the upper center of the revolving superstructure 2 substantially at the center of the front part so as to be vertically swingable. The work implement 12 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). It has become so. Hydraulic motors 62 and 63 for traveling are arranged behind the lower traveling body 1. These hydraulic cylinders for the working machine and the hydraulic motors 62 and 63 for traveling are driven by the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 61.

Next, the mounting structure of the radiator and the oil cooler according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mounting structure of a radiator and an oil cooler according to the present embodiment. In the figure, a pair of left and right side plates 45,
Reference numeral 46 connects the left and right ends of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 such that the gap between both upper sides is wider than the gap between both bottom sides, and seals the gap between both sides. Further, the gap between both bottom sides is closed with a bottom plate 47, and the bottom plate 4 is closed.
Reference numeral 7 designates all or a part thereof detachable (not shown). Note that the bottom plate 47 is configured to be detachable by fitting a member made of urethane rubber into the gap, but may be configured by, for example, an iron plate or the like. An opening adjusting plate 48 having an opening 48a having a predetermined area is detachably attached between the upper sides, and a net 49 is attached to the opening 48a.
In the vicinity of the opening 48a on the upper surface of the opening adjusting plate 48, an opening / closing lid 51 capable of adjusting the opening amount of the opening 48a is attached. In the present embodiment, a pair of long holes 52, 52 are provided at the left and right ends of the opening / closing lid 51, and a pair of left and right screw members 55, 55 provided near the opening 48a are connected to the pair of long holes. It is inserted into the holes 52, 52 and fastened with wing nuts 53, 53. By these opening amount adjusting means, the opening / closing lid 51 can be freely fixed at any position between the full opening and the full closing of the opening 48a or between them. Further, on the upper surface of the opening / closing lid 51, a mark 54 corresponding to full opening, half opening or full closing is provided.

Next, the operation and effect of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. (1) First, as shown in FIG. 3, the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 are arranged so that the gap between both upper sides is wider than the gap between both bottom sides. Each of the gaps is closed, and an opening adjustment plate 48 having an opening 48a having a predetermined area is provided in the gap between both upper sides. As shown in FIG. 2, the opening adjusting plate 48 is located near the upper surface intake port 7 of the vehicle body exterior 5. As a result,
The cooling air from the cooling fan 41 is supplied to the radiator 43 through the oil cooler 44 as shown by an arrow G in FIG.
The bypass cooling air that flows directly into the radiator 43 from the opening 48a of the nozzle 8 is obtained.

Therefore, the following tuning is possible. First, the amount of cooling air to the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 are adjusted by adjusting the opening amount of the opening 48a of the opening adjusting plate 48 to change the amount of the bypass cooling air.
The difference between the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature is made substantially equal to the difference between the allowable maximum temperatures of the radiator and the working oil by changing the difference between the cooling air volume and the cooling air flow rate. The method of adjusting the opening amount of the opening 48a will be described later. Next, the number of rotations of the cooling fan 41 is changed,
The radiator water temperature and hydraulic oil temperature are changed almost in parallel.

Thus, without changing the cooling capacity of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44, the construction machine can be continuously operated at the specified maximum outside temperature by adjusting the opening area of the opening 48 a and the rotation speed of the cooling fan 41. When the work is performed, the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature can be tuned so as to match the respective allowable maximum temperatures so as to eliminate excessive or insufficient cooling, so that the horsepower consumption of the cooling fan 41 can be minimized. Therefore, it is possible to reduce fuel consumption and noise of cooling fan rotation.

Further, the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 4
4 can be tuned without changing the cooling capacity without changing the cooling capacity. Therefore, it is not necessary to repeat the trial production of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 in the development stage, shortening the development period and reducing the development cost. Can be. In addition, since the same tuning can be performed by using the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 of a similar model in common, the production and management costs can be reduced by sharing the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 with other models.
As a result, both low cost and low fuel consumption can be achieved.

(2) Since the adjustment of the opening amount of the opening 48a of the opening adjusting plate 48 is performed as follows in the present embodiment, the above-described tuning can be easily performed. a) Adjust the roughness of the net 49 attached to the opening 48a. b) The opening / closing lid 51 is slid to adjust the area covered by the opening 48a.

(3) Since the net 49 is attached to the opening 48a, it is possible to prevent large foreign matter such as leaves contained in the bypass cooling air from being clogged, thereby preventing the radiator 43 from being clogged. Further, since the opening adjustment plate 48 and the bottom plate 47 are detachable, the clogging of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 is removed by removing the opening adjustment plate 48 and the bottom plate 47 so that the air nozzle and the like can be removed from the radiator 43 and the oil from above. The cleaning operation can be performed by easily inserting into the space between the cooler 44 and the cooler 44. Further, the foreign matter removed at the time of cleaning is easily discharged outside through the lower gap after the bottom plate 47 is removed, so that the cleaning operation can be easily performed.

(4) In FIG. 3, an opening / closing lid 51 is attached to the upper surface of the opening adjusting plate 48. The opening / closing lid 51 is formed by an elongated hole 52, a screw member 55, a wing nut 53 (opening amount adjusting means), and an opening. Since the opening 48a can be freely fixed at an arbitrary position where the opening 48a is fully opened, half-opened, or fully closed, the operator can conveniently adjust the opening amount of the opening 48a set by the above-described tuning. For example, the opening amount set by tuning may be obtained at the position of “S” of the mark 54 of the opening / closing lid 51, and may be reduced for convenience. As a result, in FIG. 2, of the cooling air of the cooling fan 41, the amount of the bypass cooling air indicated by the arrow P is reduced, and the amount of the normal cooling air flowing into the radiator 43 via the oil cooler 44 indicated by the arrow G instead. Can be increased. As a result, more of the air warmed by the oil cooler 44 flows into the radiator 43. Therefore, instead of decreasing the cooling capacity of the radiator 43 for convenience, the oil cooler 4
4 increase the cooling capacity. With such a configuration, the following situation can be dealt with.

Here, it is assumed that the tuning is performed for a state of continuous excavation work in which the hydraulic shovel is most frequently used. In the state of continuous excavation work, each operation of excavation of the ground, lifting of the working machine, and turning of the upper revolving structure having large inertia is sequentially performed, so that the load factor of the engine 4 is large and the amount of generated heat is large. However, since the hydraulic oil intermittently repeats a reciprocating flow with respect to the hydraulic cylinder for the working machine and the hydraulic motor for turning, the calorific value is not the maximum.

(A) When a hard ground is encountered during continuous excavation work with a hydraulic excavator, the operation with the hydraulic excavator in use is compared with the time required for replacement with a larger hydraulic excavator and its cost. It may be better to continue. In an urban area, a large hydraulic excavator may not be able to enter even on hard ground. In the excavation of the hard ground, the excavation is time-consuming, and the frequency of lifting of the work implement 12 and revolving of the upper revolving superstructure 2 is reduced, so that the engine 4 has a high load only at the moment when a force is applied during excavation. Therefore, the load factor is low and the amount of heat generated by the engine 4 is not large. On the other hand, the hydraulic oil has a low frequency of vertical swing drive of the work machine 12 and a low frequency of rotation of the upper swing body 2, so that the flow of the hydraulic oil is also small, and the generation of Joule heat (heat generated by viscous resistance of the hydraulic oil) is small. However, a large force is applied during excavation to generate relief heat when a relief valve (not shown) for hydraulic oil is relieved. As is well known, the relief heat generates a large amount of heat even if it is instantaneous because the output of hydraulic pressure (the product of pressure and flow rate) changes to heat. Therefore, when the frequency of the relief is high, the calorific value of the hydraulic oil is larger than that in the normal continuous excavation work, and the hydraulic oil is likely to become hot. When this situation occurs in a high outside temperature environment such as in summer, the opening / closing lid 51 is attached to the wing nut 5.
3 and the mark 54 is fixed at the “H” position,
By setting a to a half-open state, the cooling capacity of the oil cooler can be increased slightly.

(B) In the case of a hydraulic excavator, when moving to the next site at a work site far from the equipment base, the convenience of arranging a transport truck and personnel at the equipment base and a large transportation cost to the work site. The hydraulic excavator is a wheel type (the undercarriage 1 has wheels: not shown).
Of course, even the crawler-type hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1 may move by itself. In this long-time self-propelled operation, the engine 4 has a load enough to withstand the running resistance, so that the calorific value is small, while the hydraulic oil continuously drives the left and right hydraulic motors 62, 63 of the lower traveling body 1 at a high speed. for,
A large amount of the Joule heat is continuously circulated in a long piping path (not shown) between the hydraulic motors 62 and 63 and the hydraulic pump 61 disposed at the rear of the upper revolving unit 2, so that Joule heat is continuously generated. And generate a large amount of heat. When this situation occurs at a high outside temperature such as in summer, the opening / closing lid 51 is fixed at the position "T" of the mark 54 with the wing nut 53, and the opening 48a is fully closed. Thus, the cooling capacity of the oil cooler 44 can be further increased to cope with the problem.

As described above, the opening / closing lid 51 of the opening adjustment plate 48 is operated under the normal continuous digging operation state which is most frequently used.
Is fully opened, tuning is performed to eliminate excessive or insufficient cooling, the horsepower consumption of the cooling fan 41 is set to the minimum necessary, and even when the engine 4 and the hydraulic oil generate heat under different working conditions. This can be coped with by adjusting the opening amount of the opening 48a. As a result, low cost, low fuel consumption, and high versatility can be achieved at the same time.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a mounting structure of the radiator and the oil cooler according to the present embodiment. The same components as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated. An opening adjusting plate 58 is detachably mounted in a gap between both upper sides of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44. A predetermined number of holes 59 having a predetermined size are formed in the opening adjustment plate 58.

Next, the operation and effect of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 4, an opening adjusting plate 5 having a predetermined number of holes 59 of a predetermined size is provided in a gap between both upper sides of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44.
8 are arranged. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the opening adjusting plate 58 is located near the upper surface intake port 7 of the vehicle body exterior 5. As a result, as shown by the arrow G, the oil cooler 4
In addition to the normal cooling air flowing into the radiator 43 via the radiator 4, the bypass cooling air flowing directly into the radiator 43 from the hole 59 of the opening adjusting plate 58 as shown by the arrow P is obtained.

Therefore, tuning of the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature can be easily performed. That is, first, the size and / or the number of the holes 59 of the opening adjustment plate 58 is adjusted, and the difference between the cooling air flow to the radiator 43 and the cooling air flow to the oil cooler 44 is changed in the same manner as in the above embodiment to change the radiator water temperature. And the difference between the operating oil temperature. Next, the rotation speed of the cooling fan 41 is changed to change the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature substantially in parallel. As a result, the same effects (1) as the effects (1) in the above-described embodiment can be obtained (reduction of fuel consumption and noise, reduction of development period and reduction of development cost, reduction of production and management costs). Further, since the opening adjusting plate 58 can be manufactured only by making a hole in the flat plate, the total opening area of the hole 59 is adjusted by the hole 5.
Since the tuning can be easily performed by changing the size and / or number of 9, the tuning can be further facilitated. As a result, both low cost and low fuel consumption can be achieved.

Further, since the opening adjusting plate 58 and the bottom plate 47 are detachable, the clogging of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 can be easily cleaned as in the previous embodiment.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a mounting structure of the radiator and the oil cooler according to the present embodiment. In the figure, the radiator 4
Side plates 65, 65 are attached to the left and right side surfaces of 3, and side plates 66, 66 are attached to the left and right side surfaces of the oil cooler 44. The side plate 65 and the side plate 66 are rotatably connected by pins 61 at the lower part. A U-shaped locking portion 62 having a U-shaped hole formed in the upper portion of the side plate 65 and extending in the rotation direction of the side plate 65 and having an open end in the rotation direction is provided. A screw member 6 protruding outward
3 is fixed. The side plate 65 includes the screw member 6.
3 is rotatable while abutting along the outer surface of the side plate 66 in a state of being inserted into the U-shaped hole of the U-shaped locking portion 62, and is screwed to the screw member 63 at an arbitrary rotating position. It is fastened to the side plate 66 by a nut (not shown). The side plates 65, 65 and the side plates 66, 66 seal the gap between both sides of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44. Also,
An opening adjustment plate 68 is detachably mounted in a gap between both upper sides of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44. By changing the width W of the opening adjusting plate 68 to adjust the area for closing the gap, the opening amount of the opening 69 remaining in the gap is adjusted.

Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, the width W of the opening adjusting plate 68 for closing the gap between the upper sides of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 is adjusted to form an opening 69 having a predetermined area remaining in the gap. Alternatively, the side plates 65, 6
The angle between the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 is adjusted by the rotation between the six, and the opening amount of the opening 69 is adjusted. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the opening adjusting plate 68 is located near the upper surface intake port 7 of the vehicle body exterior 5. This allows
In addition to the normal cooling air flowing into the radiator 43 through the oil cooler 44 as shown by the arrow G, the bypass cooling air flowing directly into the radiator 43 from the opening 69 as shown by the arrow P is obtained.

Therefore, tuning of the radiator water temperature and the working oil temperature can be easily performed. That is, first, the difference between the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature is changed as in the previous embodiment by adjusting the width W of the opening adjustment plate 68 and / or the angle formed between the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44. The radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature are changed substantially in parallel by changing the rotation speed of the cooling fan 41. Thereby, the same effect (1) as the effect (1) in the first embodiment (reduction of fuel consumption and noise,
(A reduction in the development period, a reduction in development costs, and a reduction in production and management costs). In addition, since the opening adjusting plate 68 can be made of a flat plate, the opening area of the opening 69 can be easily adjusted by changing the width W of the opening adjusting plate 68. Further, the angle between the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 can be easily adjusted by the rotation between the two. Thereby, the tuning can be performed more easily. The opening adjustment plate 6
As a method of changing the width W of 8, a plurality of opening adjustment plates having a small width may be previously mounted in parallel, and one of the plurality of opening adjustment plates may be selectively removed. As a result,
Low cost and low fuel consumption can both be achieved. further,
Since the opening adjustment plate 68 and the bottom plate 47 are detachable, clogging and cleaning of the radiator 43 and the oil cooler 44 can be easily performed as in the previous embodiment.

In the embodiments described above, the radiator and the oil cooler are arranged such that the wide gap between the radiator and the oil cooler is opposed to the upper surface of the vehicle body exterior. However, the present invention is limited to this configuration. Instead, for example, the present invention can be applied to a configuration in which a wide gap is installed so as to face the side surface of the vehicle body exterior. The combination of the components described in the above embodiment is not limited to this, and the combination may be arbitrarily set as long as the technical idea of the present invention can be achieved.

According to the present invention, the following remarkable effects are obtained. Therefore, the present invention can be universally applied to not only the hydraulic excavator but also other construction machines having a radiator and an oil cooler. In addition, it is possible to provide an installation structure for an engine and an oil cooler of a construction machine which realizes high versatility at the same time.

(1) A radiator and an oil cooler are provided in front of the cooling fan such that a gap between both sides is wider than a gap between the other sides, and an opening adjusting plate is attached to the wider gap to a predetermined size. Of the opening, and sealing the gap between the other sides, simultaneously cooling the engine cooling water and hydraulic oil,
The opening adjustment plate was disposed near the intake port on the exterior of the vehicle body. Thereby, the cooling air from the cooling fan is divided into a normal cooling air flowing into the radiator through the oil cooler and a bypass cooling air flowing directly into the radiator through the opening formed by the opening adjustment plate from the intake port of the vehicle body exterior. can get. At this time, the difference between the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature is changed by first adjusting the opening amount by the opening adjusting plate to change the amount of the bypass cooling air, so that the difference between the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature is substantially equal to the difference between the two. Can be. Next, the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature can be changed substantially in parallel by changing the rotation speed of the cooling fan.

Thus, without changing the cooling capacity of the radiator and the oil cooler (that is, without changing the type), by adjusting the opening amount and adjusting the number of rotations of the cooling fan, the construction machine can be operated at the specified maximum outside temperature. During continuous operation, the radiator water temperature and the hydraulic oil temperature can be tuned so as to substantially match the respective allowable maximum temperatures to eliminate excessive or insufficient cooling, so that the horsepower consumed by the fan can be set to a minimum. Therefore, fuel consumption and noise can be reduced.

(2) Since tuning can be performed without changing the cooling capacity of the radiator and the oil cooler, it is not necessary to repeat the trial production at the development stage, so that the development period can be shortened and the development cost can be reduced. The cost can be reduced by sharing the oil cooler with other models.

(3) Since the opening amount can be adjusted by the opening adjusting plate, the opening amount set in the tuning can be temporarily and conveniently adjusted according to the work content. As a result, of the cooling air of the cooling fan, the amount of bypass cooling air passing through the opening can be reduced, and instead the amount of normal cooling air passing through the oil cooler can be increased, so that the cooling capacity of the radiator can be reduced. In addition, the cooling capacity of the oil cooler can be increased. Therefore, tuning is performed to eliminate excessive or insufficient cooling in the most frequently used normal working state described in (1) and (2) above, so that the horsepower consumption of the cooling fan is minimized. Thus, the opening amount can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the opening / closing degree of the opening / closing lid of the opening adjustment plate to cope with the heat generated by the engine and the hydraulic oil in a different working state. As a result, it is possible to cope with various kinds of work contents and to improve versatility.

(4) In recent years, reduction of carbon dioxide emission has been an issue in all fields, and construction machinery is no exception. Therefore, the development of a fuel-efficient engine is an issue, but at the same time, the efficiency of the engine should be improved by effectively utilizing the output of the engine when working with the engine mounted on construction equipment. Is also an issue. According to the above (1), (2), and (3), the horsepower consumption of the cooling fan required for cooling the radiator water and the working oil can be minimized according to the work content, thereby improving fuel efficiency per work amount. Thus, one of the problems of the construction machine can be solved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a hydraulic shovel to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a rear view, partially in section, of the excavator.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a mounting structure of the radiator and the oil cooler according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a mounting structure of a radiator and an oil cooler according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a mounting structure of a radiator and an oil cooler according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows a partial cross-sectional side view of a main part of the prior art.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lower traveling body, 2 ... Upper revolving structure, 3 ... Counter weight, 4 ... Engine, 5 ... Body exterior, 6 ... Side intake port, 7
… Top air inlet, 12… working machine, 41… cooling fan, 42
... shroud, 43 ... radiator, 44 ... oil cooler, 45, 46 ... side plate, 47 ... bottom plate, 48 ... opening adjustment plate, 48a ... opening, 49 ... net, 51 ... opening / closing lid, 5
2 ... long hole, 53 ... wing nut, 54 ... mark, 55 ... screw member, 58 ... opening adjustment plate, 59 ... hole, 61 ... hydraulic pump, 62, 63 ... hydraulic motor, 68 ... opening adjustment plate, 69
…Aperture

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A radiator for a construction machine in which a cooling fan is installed in front of an engine covered with a vehicle body exterior, and a radiator and an oil cooler are arranged in front of the cooling fan to simultaneously cool radiator cooling water and hydraulic oil. In the mounting structure of the oil cooler and the oil cooler, the radiator (43) and the oil cooler (44) are arranged so that the gap between the two sides facing the body exterior (5) is larger than the gap between the other sides, A mounting structure for a radiator and an oil cooler of a construction machine, wherein the wide gap is located near an intake port (7) provided in a vehicle body exterior (5). 2. The mounting structure for a radiator and an oil cooler of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein said radiator (43).
Adjusting plate for providing openings (48a, 59, 69) having a predetermined opening amount in a wider gap between the oil cooler (44) and
A mounting structure for a radiator and an oil cooler of a construction machine, wherein (48, 58, 68) is mounted. 3. The mounting structure of a radiator and an oil cooler of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein said radiator (43).
A radiator for construction equipment and an oil cooler, wherein a net (49) is attached to a wider gap between the oil cooler and the oil cooler (44).