JP2001190133A - Handling depth control device such as combine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] In a threshing apparatus such as a combine, etc., even if a detection signal of a handling depth detection means for detecting a handling depth of a supplied grain stalk is merely an ON-OFF signal, excessive adjustment is performed. Suppress output and prevent hunting. A supply speed v of grain culm to a threshing apparatus 1;
The detection interval distance m calculated by the detection interval time t by the depth detection means 2 for detecting the depth / shallowness of the depth of the grain culm becomes the reference value S set in advance. Of a handling depth control device for a combine or the like, which is characterized in that the adjustment is performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a handling depth control device for a combine or the like, and more particularly to a handling depth control device for detecting a handling depth of a grain culm to be supplied to a threshing device and enabling depth / shallow adjustment to an appropriate position. It belongs to fields such as those provided with a depth detecting means.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when supplying a grain stalk cut from a combine or the like to a threshing apparatus, the handling depth of the grain stalk is detected and the depth of the grain stalk is adjusted to an appropriate position. The detection is performed by the depth detecting means that enables shallow adjustment. The depth detecting means arranges the deep position detecting rod and the shallow position detecting rod at appropriate intervals, and both of the detecting rods are turned ON. In general, it is too deep when it is OFF, and it is too shallow when both are OFF, and when the deep position is OFF and the shallow position is ON, an appropriate neutral region is generally obtained. However, in such detection of the handling depth, when the detection is out of the neutral region, the detection rod of the handling depth detection means is turned ON or OFF each time.
In order to adjust the handling depth position, hunting was likely to occur.

[0003] Therefore, even if the detection signal of the handling depth detection means is simply an ON-OFF signal, an attempt is made to prevent hunting by suppressing excessive adjustment output.

[0004]

According to the present invention, a threshing apparatus 1 is provided.
The detection interval distance m calculated by the feed speed v of the cereal stalk to the stalk and the detection interval time t by the handling depth detecting means 2 for detecting the depth / shallowness of the handling depth position of the cereal stalk is set to a predetermined reference. The configuration of a handling depth control device, such as a combine, is characterized in that the handling depth position is adjusted to be the value S.

[0005]

With the above arrangement, when supplying the grain stalks harvested in the combine or the like to the threshing apparatus 1, the handling depth detecting means 2, for example, the grain stalk detection rod for detecting the presence of the grain stalk and the handling depth of the grain stalk. When the handle depth detecting rods for detecting the depth / shallowness of the position are arranged at appropriate intervals, and when the culm ears are detected by the handle depth detecting rods, the detection interval time t by this detection, the vehicle speed and the harvesting The detection interval distance m is calculated by a controller or the like based on the supply speed v of the grain stalk at a low speed such as the rotation speed (m =
tv), the calculated detection interval distance m is compared with a preset reference value S, and if shorter than this reference value S, it is determined that the cereal stalk is at a deep position, and adjustment to a shallower side is performed,
If the length is longer than the reference value, it is determined that it is at a shallow position, and by adjusting the depth to a deep side, it is possible to stably adjust the handling depth position even with grain varieties scattered in a long or short state.

[0006]

As described above, when the grain stalks harvested in a combine or the like are supplied to the threshing device 1, the grain culm is calculated based on the detection interval time t by the handling depth detecting means 2 and the grain stalk supply speed v. The detection interval distance m is compared with a preset reference value S to adjust the handling depth position of the cereal stalk, as in the related art, and the depth position detection rod of the cereal stalk ear handling depth detection means is used. With a simple ON-OFF detection signal from the shallow position detection rod, hunting does not easily occur as in the case of adjusting the handling depth position each time, and stable detection is possible even if the grain stalks vary due to long or short state Becomes
Hunting can be prevented by suppressing an excessive adjustment output, and the adjustment of the handling depth position is not disturbed by the influence of the feeding speed v of the grain stalk.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 17 shows the entire structure of the combine, in which a traveling device 5 provided with a pair of left and right traveling crawlers 4 traveling on the soil surface is provided below the chassis 3 and a feed chain 6 is provided on the chassis 3.
A grain tank 7 for threshing the grain culm supplied by being pinched and conveyed, and for selectively collecting the threshed grain for temporary storage;
A threshing apparatus 1 having a dumping auger 8 for discharging the grains stored in the tank 7 to the outside of the machine is mounted and configured.

At the front position of the threshing apparatus 1, a weeding body 9 for weeding uncut kernels from the front end side, a raising portion 10 for causing weeded kernels, and a cutting blade for cutting the raised kernels. The cutting device 13 having a portion 11 and a transport adjusting portion 12 for adjusting the handling depth during the transport while squeezing the cut stalks is provided by a hydraulically driven cutting cylinder 14.
As a result, the vehicle 3 is suspended from the front end of the chassis 3 so as to be able to move up and down with respect to the soil surface.

An operation device 15 for controlling the operation of the combiner is provided on one side of the reaper 13 and an operation seat 1 for this operation.
6, the Glen tank 7 is arranged behind the operation seat 16, the engine 17 is mounted below the operation tank 16, and a cabin 18 that covers the operation device 15 and the operation seat 16 is arranged. The threshing device 1, the traveling device 5, the mowing device 13, the operating device 15, the engine 17, the cabin 18, and the like constitute a combine body 19.

As shown in FIG. 9, the mowing device 13 includes a traveling transmission case 20 mounted on a front end of the chassis 3.
A cutting frame 21 is fixed to the upper end of the cutting frame 21. A cutting input case 22 is provided on the cutting frame 21 so as to be rotatable up and down, and a pipe-shaped cutting main frame extending downward from the cutting input case 22 is provided. 23 and are connected to each other by means of shafts and gears.

The reaping main frame 23 and a lower lateral transmission case 24 provided at the lower part of the reaper 13 over the entire width thereof are joined, and the lower lateral transmission case 24 is directed obliquely upward and forward from near the left end. The intermediate vertical frame 25 is extended, and the intermediate vertical frame 25 and an upper horizontal transmission case 26 provided over the entire width of the mowing device 13 are joined via a transmission case 27 by gear transmission. Via the case 27 and the belt clutch 28, the shafts and gears are interlocked and connected.

A raising drive case 29, which is connected to the upper horizontal transmission case 26 and corresponds to the raising portion 10 for raising a plurality of rows of uncut kernels, projects downward and is connected to the raising drive case 29. Raising lugs 31b are arranged at appropriate intervals on a raising chain 31a wound and stretched around the raising lug case 30, and are linked to each other by means of shafts and gears.

A scraping rug belt 32 for scraping the stem side of the grain stalks mowed to the rear side of each herbaceous plant 9, and a grain stalk scraped by the scraping rug belts 32 for further scraping and holding. A scraping star wheel 33 is disposed, and each stock transfer chain 34 linked to each of the scraping star wheels 33 is provided.
From the confluence of the transfer grain culm to a handling depth adjusting chain 35 that adjusts the handling depth of the transported grain stalks to a deeper or shallower, and is linked and connected.

The handling depth adjusting chain 35 is disposed so as to be able to swing up and down by driving a handling depth adjusting motor 36 with its front end as a fulcrum, and the stock transport chain 34 and the handling depth adjusting chain. On the upper side of 35, each tip transport lug 37 for transporting the tip side corresponding to the stock side of the cereal stem is arranged to constitute the transport adjusting section 12.

The cutting blade portion 11 is divided into a lower frame 39 to which a weeding rod 38 for supporting each weeding body 9 is fixed below and below each of the scraping star wheels 33, to the right and left over the entire width of the cutting device 13. The lower frame 39 is joined to the lower lateral transmission case 24 and the left and right
Are configured to be reciprocally movable left and right by left and right crank mechanisms.

As shown in FIG. 2, at the rear side of the ear tip transport lug 37, a handle depth detecting rod 2a at the back side for detecting the depth / shallow of the handle depth position based on the culm length of the grain carrier, and a near side. The handle depth detecting sensor 2 as the handle depth detecting means 2 is configured by appropriately arranging the cereal stem detection rod 2b for detecting the presence of the cereal stem.

The detecting rods 2a, 2a of the handling depth detecting sensor 2
By turning ON / OFF b, a handling depth adjustment position sensor 40 that detects the handling depth adjustment position of the chain 35 by the rotation angle of a potentiometer or the like near the vertical swing fulcrum position of the handling depth adjustment chain 35. Are arranged and configured.

A transmission speed sensor 41 for detecting a vehicle speed is provided on a power transmission path provided in the transmission case 20, and a handling depth control switch for turning on / off a handling depth control of a transported grain culm supplied to the threshing apparatus 1. 42, a main shift lever 43 for performing a main shift of the vehicle speed by a hydraulic continuously variable transmission, a power steering lever 44 for raising and lowering the reaper 13 by tilting up and down and performing left and right steering by tilting left and right, and the engine 1
An accelerator lever 45 for adjusting the rotation speed of the operating device 7 is arranged on one side of the operating device 15, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3, the CPU mainly controls the operation of the automatic circuit, and operates so that the detection interval distance m for detecting the depth / shallowness of the handling depth position of the transported grain culm becomes the reference value S. A controller 46 for controlling the adjustment of the position;
The input side of the controller 46 is connected to the handling depth detection sensor 2, the handling depth adjustment position sensor 40, the vehicle speed sensor 41, the handling depth control switch 42, and the like. A deep adjustment relay 36a and a shallow adjustment relay 36b for driving the adjustment motor 36 are connected to each other.

The weed body 9 is brought close to the soil surface, the running machine 5 advances the machine body 19, and the cutting device 13 cuts the uncut culm. At the time of cutting, the raising portion 10 performs the raising action, and The scraper rub belt 32 squeezes the stock side and the squeezed stock side is pinched by the scraping star wheel 33 and at the same time the blade 1
The mowing is performed by 1.

The harvested stock side is collected and conveyed by a stock conveyer chain 34 of a stock concentrator, and the threshing device is controlled while adjusting the handling depth from the confluence by a handling depth adjusting chain 35. 1 and the spike side is collected and merged by the spike conveying lug 37 of the spike collection section, and further conveyed to the threshing apparatus 1 from the merge section.

In such a combine operation, FIG.
As shown in the flowchart, when the handling depth detection rod 2a of the handling depth detection sensor 2 detects the handling depth position of the grain culm ear portion of the grain culm conveyed and supplied to the threshing apparatus 1,
The detection interval time t as shown in FIG. 4 and the supply speed v of the transported grain culm calculated by the vehicle speed and the cutting speed such as the cutting rotation speed detected by the vehicle speed sensor 41 are sent to the controller 46, and the calculation (m = tv), the detection interval distance m is obtained.

An average detection interval distance m is obtained from an average value calculated by measuring the set number of times of the detection interval distance m by this calculation, and the average detection interval distance m and a reference value S stored in the controller 46 in advance are calculated. Is calculated by comparison. If this shift is shorter than the neutral width N centered on the reference value S, as shown in FIG. 5, it is determined that the handling depth position of the grain culm ear portion is at the deep position, and the neutral width N is shifted to the shallow side.
If it is longer, it is determined that the handling depth position of the grain stalk is in the shallow position, and to the deep side, as shown in FIG. 6, the adjustment amount of each handling depth position is calculated, and the handling depth adjustment motor 36 By driving, the handling depth adjustment chain 35 is adjusted according to the detection amount of the handling depth adjustment position sensor 40.

As described above, the average detection interval distance m calculated based on the detection interval time t of the grain stalk ear portion by the handling depth detection rod 2a of the handling depth detection sensor 2 and the supply speed v of the grain stalk.
Can be adjusted by a comparison calculation with a preset reference value S, so that stable detection is possible even if the grain stalks vary in a long or short state, suppressing excessive adjustment output. Hunting can be prevented, and the adjustment of the handling depth position is not disturbed by the influence of the vehicle speed, the cutting rotation speed, and the like.

The uniformity of the grain stalk ears varies depending on the variety and cropping pattern, and varies in length. Therefore, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7, the variation (standard deviation, etc.) of the average detection interval distance m is calculated. According to this variation, as shown in FIG. 8, by calculating and changing and setting the neutral width N centered on the reference value S, the grain stalk ears can be stabilized without being affected by the variation. Detection can be performed, and excessive control output can be suppressed to prevent hunting.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, a half of the time t until the reflected signal of the emitted ultrasonic wave is received is multiplied by a sound speed e at the upper position inside the Glen tank 7 to reach the surface of the grain culm. (D = et / 2), and this distance d
In which the storage amount detection sensor 47 for detecting the storage amount of the grain by the
The grain fed into the Glen tank 7 at the time of detection by
Ultrasonic waves having the same frequency as that of the detection sensor 47 are generated due to the collision between the side walls or the grains, and the generated ultrasonic noise is included in the received reflected signal.

Since the detection accuracy of the stored amount deteriorates due to such noise generation, as a means for improving this state,
As shown in FIG. 11A, the sound pressure level according to the frequency of the ultrasonic wave to be used is measured before, after, or at the time of detection in advance, and the measurement noise a is used to measure the sound pressure level as shown in FIG. The measurement signal b at the time of detection is corrected (ba) as shown in FIG. 11 (c), and the reflection pulse can be detected from the correction signal c with a fixed threshold value, and the distance to the grain surface can be detected. d can be accurately measured.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, a grain quantity detection sensor 48 using a potentiometer or the like different from the above-described one for detecting the quantity of grain to be charged is disposed at an upper position inside the Glen tank 7. Based on the detection value of the kernel amount detection sensor 48, the kernel amount per unit time can be measured from the relationship between the preset signal and the kernel amount.

In this measurement, as shown in FIG. 13, the detection signal f detected by the grain amount detection sensor 48 is:
It varies depending on the density of the supplied grain and the rotation speed of the grain raising spiral 49. By extracting and measuring the substantially DC component g from the fluctuating detection signal f and performing an averaging process, the substantially DC component g is converted into the grain. Based on the fact that the amount is proportional to the amount, as shown in FIG. 14, from the relationship between the detection signal f and the amount of grain per unit time, it is possible to measure the amount of grain per unit time at low cost and efficiently. .

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, in a case where a grain amount detection sensor 48 is arranged at an upper position inside the Glen tank 7, as shown in a flowchart of FIG. At the same time as performing the measurement, the work speed (vehicle speed) at which the grain amount is set in advance is read, and the vehicle speed is controlled so that the work speed is increased when the grain amount is small and decelerated when the grain amount is large. .

By performing such a vehicle speed control, the vehicle speed is controlled by the load of the threshing device 1 having a large load ratio with respect to the output of the engine 17 as in a normal combine. The occurrence of troubles due to clogging or the like can be reduced, and the operator only has to estimate the load based on the field conditions and judge whether or not the work speed is appropriate, thereby improving the operability.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, in a case where a grain amount detection sensor 48 is arranged at an upper position inside the Glen tank 7, a detection signal h by the grain amount detection sensor 48 is as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the voltage fluctuates largely due to pulsation, mechanical vibration, shaking, etc., centering on the voltage value corresponding to the grain amount.

Since it is difficult to detect the grain amount with the detection signal h having a large fluctuation, the detection processing corresponding to the grain amount is performed by performing a soft process using a digital filter capable of extracting a signal of a specific frequency band. Center voltage j of signal h
Can be extracted, so that the system configuration can be simplified and implementation can be performed at low cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a procedure for adjusting a handling depth position of a grain culm supplied to a threshing apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an arrangement state of a handling depth detecting means for detecting a handling depth position of a supplied grain culm.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a control circuit that automatically adjusts a handling depth position of a supplied grain culm.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a detection interval time of a detection signal for detecting a handling depth position of a supplied grain culm.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an adjustment state of a handling depth position of a supply cereal stem according to a long / short detection interval distance.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a correlation between an adjustment amount of a handling depth position of a supplied grain culm and a detection interval distance.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a procedure for changing a neutral width based on variation in grain stalk length.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship of a neutral width due to a variation in a detection interval distance of a grain stalk ear part.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing the entire configuration of the reaper.

FIG. 10 is a rear view showing a state where a storage amount detection sensor for detecting the storage amount is provided in the Glen tank.

FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating a noise value obtained by measuring a sound pressure level at a frequency of an ultrasonic wave. (B) The diagram showing the state of the measurement signal which detected the reflected wave of the ultrasonic wave from the grain surface. (C) A diagram showing a detection state of a reflected pulse from a correction signal obtained by correcting a measurement signal.

FIG. 12 is a rear view showing a state in which a grain amount detection sensor for detecting a flow rate is provided in the Glen tank.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a state in which a substantially DC component is extracted from a detection signal by a grain amount detection sensor.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a relationship between a detection signal of a grain amount detection sensor and a grain amount per unit time.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a procedure for increasing or decreasing the work speed so as to reach a set grain amount.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a state in which a detection signal is processed by a digital filter to extract a center voltage.

FIG. 17 is a side view showing the overall configuration of the combine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. Threshing device 2. Handling depth detection means Reference value v. Feed rate t. Detection interval time m. Detection interval distance

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Feed speed v of grain culm to threshing device 1
And the detection interval distance m calculated by the detection interval time t by the depth detection means 2 for detecting the depth / shallowness of the depth position of the grain stalk so that the detection interval distance m becomes a preset reference value S. A handle depth control device for a combine or the like, characterized in that the position is adjusted.