JP2008067644A - Combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combine harvester that is designed to more accurately detect the fallen down lodged state of grain culms to be reaped. <P>SOLUTION: The combine harvester comprises a lodging sensor apparatus 40 composed of an ultrasonic sensor 41 and a regulating means 44 for the upper and the lower positions. The ultrasonic sensor 41 is mounted via a grass-dividing guide 45, in the upper part of a grass divider 16a at the right end. The regulating means 44 for the upper and the lower positions is equipped with an electric motor 42 and a connecting wire 43 and comprises so as to regulate the ultrasonic sensor 41 in the upper and lower directions. During reaping operation, the upper and the lower positions are regulated with the regulating means 44 for the upper and the lower positions, and ultrasonic waves are generated on the left side of the right and the left directions and the waves reflected from the grain culms passing through a gap between the grass dividers at the height of the ultrasonic sensor 41 are detected. Cases of regular passage, irregular passage and no passage of the grain culms can be accurately detected from the state of the reflected waves, and the lodged state of the grain culms can be detected from these states. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine capable of harvesting a fallen corn straw, and more particularly, to a combine provided with a sensor that detects the lying state of the corn straw.

  In general, a combine is provided with a pulling device, a mowing unit, and a preprocessing unit having various transport units on the front side of the machine body. It is comprised so that cereals may be conveyed by the conveyance part to the threshing apparatus of an aircraft body rear part.

  In such a combine, in order to smoothly carry out the harvesting work of the fallen cedar, it is equipped with a sensor that detects the fallen state of the cereal, and in accordance with the lying state of the cereal that is detected by the sensor, One that adjusts the conveyance speed by the conveyance unit has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-175531

  By the way, cereals in the field to be harvested by combine are not only different in the direction of lodging and the degree of lodging, but also in various states such as differences in varieties, differences in length due to differences in growth, differences in planting intervals, etc. . However, the above-described combine sensor is disposed at the position of the upper portion of the pre-processing unit, and transmits ultrasonic waves obliquely downward on the front side, whereby the distance between the sensor and the tip of the cereal For example, it is difficult to detect the difference between the tip of a long culm and the tip of an overgrown culm and the tip of a short culm and an upright culm, It is impossible to accurately detect the lying state of the spider. For this reason, the speed of the raising device and the conveying unit cannot be adjusted appropriately, and there is a problem that the working efficiency deteriorates due to, for example, clogging.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a combine that can more accurately detect the lying state of a grain culm to be cut and thereby solve the above problems.

The present invention according to claim 1 is a divider (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d) for weeding cereals, an elevating device (15a, 15b, 15c) for causing fallen cereals, and a cereal stock A pre-processing unit (3) having a cutting unit (52) for cutting the original and a transport unit (18) for transporting the cereals that are raised by the pulling device and harvested by the cutting unit (52) In the prepared combine (1),
It is arranged on the front side of the pre-processing unit (3), and comprises an inclination detection sensor (for example, 41) that detects the grain before cutting in the left-right direction.
It is in the combine (1) characterized by this.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the lodging detection sensor (for example, 41) is an ultrasonic sensor (41), and is disposed above the divider (16a) at the end of the trimmed side.
A combine (1) according to claim 1.

The present invention according to claim 3 includes a vertical position adjusting means (44) capable of adjusting the fall detection sensor (for example, 41) in the vertical direction.
It exists in the combine (1) of Claim 1 or 2.

  In addition, although the code | symbol in the said parenthesis is for contrast with drawing, it does not have any influence on description of a claim by this.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the clinker is provided with a lodging detection sensor that detects the cereals in the left-right direction, the cereals that pass through the height of the sensor are regular, irregular, and non-passable. In this case, it is possible to detect the fallen state of the culm to be harvested more accurately.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the lodging detection sensor is an ultrasonic sensor, it is possible to detect the passage of cereals from one side with one sensor without being arranged at both ends. It becomes possible to arrange only the upper part of the divider at the end of the cut-mow side, and it is possible to arrange the lodging detection sensor on the side of the already-cut area when performing the cutting operation, that is, for example, the divider of the divider at the end of the uncut side It is possible to prevent the lodging detection sensor from being placed above and coming into contact with the cereal before cutting.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the vertical position adjusting means that can adjust the fall detection sensor in the vertical direction is provided, the sensor is adjusted in the vertical direction according to the length of the cereal to be harvested and the approximate level of the fall. By doing so, for example, it is possible to respond finely to different varieties, growth states, the overall state of the field, and the like, and it is possible to detect the state of fallen cereal more accurately.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the combine 1 has a traveling machine body 2 supported by crawler traveling devices 8 on the left and right in the traveling direction. The traveling machine body 2 includes a threshing device 5, a grain tank 6, and The operation unit 10 is mounted, and the preprocessing unit 3 is disposed in front of the operation unit 10 so as to be movable up and down.

  The traveling machine body 2 includes a threshing feed chain 35 that conveys the cereals harvested by the preprocessing unit 3 on the left side in the left-right width direction, and a handling barrel 38 that threshs the cereals conveyed by the threshing feed chain 35. (Refer to FIG. 3) is disposed, and on the right side of the traveling machine body 2, the grain threshed in the threshing device 5 is lifted and conveyed to be temporarily stored. A Glen tank 6 and a driving unit 10 provided with a driver's seat 11, an operation panel 12 and the like are disposed in front of the Glen tank 6, respectively.

  The pre-processing unit 3 includes a plurality of weed dividers 16a, 16b, 16c, and 16d that weed cereals over substantially the entire width of the traveling machine body 2, and the weed dividers 16a, 16b, 16c, and 16d. Are attached to a weed frame 51 or the like extending forward of the machine body. The rear side of the weed frame 51 is fixed to a horizontal frame (not shown) extending in the left-right direction of the machine body on the lower side of the pretreatment unit 3. Further, at the rear of each of the weed dividers 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, the raising devices 15a, 15b, 15c for raising the weed cereal straw are provided in an inclined shape that rises from the front toward the rear. ing.

  The combine 1 described in this embodiment is a combine for three-row cutting. The pulling devices 15a, 15b, and 15c are the right pulling device 15a, the central pulling device 15b, and the left pulling device 15c, respectively. It has become.

  Further, the pretreatment unit 3 is provided with a cutting blade (cutting unit) 52 that cuts the stock of cereals close to the ground in the lower part of the pulling devices 15a, 15b, and 15c. The cereals cut by the above are similarly transported to the rear side by the transport unit 18 of the preprocessing unit 3.

  Although the detailed illustration is omitted, the transport unit 18 includes three sets of left, center, and right stir-up star wheels, two sets of stock transfer chains on the left and right sides, It is comprised by the lower tip conveyance body etc., and the conveyance part 18 is also provided with the handling depth conveyance apparatus 53 (refer FIG. 2) which takes over and conveys the grain cocoons for 3 strips collected by these conveyance bodies. The handling depth conveying device 53 senses the length of the cereal and automatically adjusts it to a preset handling depth, after which the culm is taken over by the threshing feed chain 35 and described above. A threshing process is performed by the threshing device 5.

  Moreover, the conveyance part 18 is equipped with the conveyance kernel detection sensor (not shown) which detects the kernel which passes the conveyance path | route, in order to judge that the combine 1 is in the cutting operation.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the threshing device 5 includes a handling chamber (not shown) in which a handling cylinder 38 and the like are installed, a threshing feed chain 35 that conveys cereals along the handling chamber, and a threshed grain. A sorting room (not shown) having a sorting device such as a tang fan 36 and a rocking sorter 37 for sorting the grains, and a milling cylinder (not shown) for lifting and transporting the sorted grains to the glen tank 6 Etc., and is mounted on the left side of the traveling machine body 2 (see FIG. 2).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the Glen tank 6 is provided with a spiral carrier (not shown) at the bottom so that the grains in the Glen tank 6 are sent out to the auger 7 by driving thereof. It has become. The auger 7 includes a vertical pipe 7a connected to the Glen tank 6, and a horizontal pipe 7b connected to the upper end of the vertical pipe 7a so as to be able to turn and move up and down. Each of these pipes 7a and 7b is internally provided with a spiral conveyance body (not shown), and is configured such that the grain is conveyed to the tip discharge port 7c of the horizontal pipe 7b by driving thereof.

  Next, an ultrasonic sensor which is a main part of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lodging sensor device 40 includes an ultrasonic sensor 41 and a vertical position adjustment device 44 that detect the falling state of the cereals passing between the weed dividers 16 a and 16 d. The vertical position adjusting device 44 includes an electric motor 42 that moves the ultrasonic sensor 41 in the vertical direction and a connecting wire 43 that is connected to the ultrasonic sensor 41 and the electric motor 42. Arranged in the processing unit 3.

  The ultrasonic sensor 41 is arranged at the right end portion (the already cut side end portion) of the weed dividers 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d arranged side by side in the left-right direction (the width direction of the traveling machine body 2). It is located above the grass divider 16a and is attached to a weed guide 45 disposed across the weed divider 16a and the upper part of the right raising device 15a. The ultrasonic sensor 41 is mounted at a predetermined height position so as to detect the tip side of the grain straw from the lower end of the weed divider 16a, and is moved up and down in a range indicated by an arrow 46 along the weed guide 45. It is movably attached and is electrically connected to a control device (not shown). Furthermore, the ultrasonic sensor 41 detects the grain before cutting in the left-right direction during the cutting operation, that is, transmits ultrasonic waves to the left side in the left-right direction, and weeds at the height of the ultrasonic sensor 41. When the reflected wave from the cedar passing through the range from the divider 16a to the weed divider 16d is detected, and the passage of the cereal is regular, irregular, or non-passing from the state of the reflected wave It can be detected.

  The electric motor 42 is disposed inside the cover of the pulling device 15a, is connected to the ultrasonic sensor 41 via the connecting wire 43, and is an ultrasonic sensor switch (not shown) provided on the operation panel 12. The ultrasonic sensor 41 can be driven up and down by driving the electric motor 42 based on the operation.

  The connecting wire 43 is configured to move the ultrasonic sensor 41 in the vertical direction as described above by the wire formed in an annular shape, and above the side cover 58 provided on the side of the pulling device 15a. From the portion to the lower end portion of the weed guide 45, it is arranged along the weed guide 45, and from the lower end portion of the weed guide 45 to the lower portion of the device 15a is arranged along the weed frame 51, From the lower part to the upper part of the pulling device 15a, the pulling device 15a is disposed between the pulling device 15a and the side cover 58.

  Next, the transmission system of the combine 1 according to the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the combine 1 includes an engine 20, a traveling transmission 21, a transport transmission 30, and the like, and is used for threshing / sorting the above-described tang fan 36, swing sorter 37, handling cylinder 38, and the like. The apparatus and the Glen tank 6 are comprised.

  The engine 20 is a drive source of the combine 1, and the drive force from the engine 20 is supplied not only to running but also to each device through belts and pulleys for use in cutting, threshing and various transports. .

  The travel transmission 21 is connected to the engine 20 via a travel clutch 55 and shifts based on an operation of a travel HST (hydraulic control transmission) 26 that performs a shift based on an operation of the main transmission lever 22 and an auxiliary transmission lever 23. The transmission mechanism is configured to include a transmission mechanism to be performed and a plurality of other gear trains, and is connected to the drive sprockets 27 and 27. The travel transmission 21 is connected to the travel transmission 21 for detecting the travel speed of the combine 1.

  The conveyance transmission 30 is connected to the engine 20 via a work machine clutch 57, has a plurality of gear trains, and is connected to the threshing feed chain 35. Further, the transport transmission 30 is also connected to the preprocessing unit 3 via a cutting clutch 56. Furthermore, a conveyance rotation sensor 31 and a conveyance HST (hydraulic control transmission) 32 for detecting the rotation speeds of the threshing feed chain 35 and the pretreatment unit 3 are connected to the conveyance transmission 30.

  The transport HST 32 is connected to a transport HST drive motor 33. The transport HST drive motor 33 is driven in accordance with a signal from a control device (not shown), thereby shifting the transport HST 32. .

  The tang fan 36 has a tang shaft 36a that serves as a rotation shaft of the tang fan 36, and the rotation from the engine 20 is transmitted to the tang shaft 36a via a work machine clutch 57. Has been.

  The swing sorter 37 and the handling cylinder 38 are respectively connected to a red pepper shaft 36a, and are configured to transmit rotation from the red pepper shaft 36a. Further, the Glen tank 6 is specifically a spiral conveyance body built in the bottom of the Glen tank 6 described above, and the helical conveyance body is connected to the engine 20 so that rotation is transmitted. It is configured.

  Next, the operation of the combine 1 according to the present invention will be described.

  When the harvesting operation is performed by the combine 1 according to the present invention, the operator is responsible for the state of the cereal of the field to be reaped, that is, the direction of the cereal, the degree of lodging, the difference in length due to the difference in the variety and the growth. The height of the ultrasonic sensor 41 is adjusted by operating an ultrasonic sensor switch (not shown) according to the difference in the planting interval.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the triple harvesting combine 1 causes the grain straws to be raised by the weed dividers 16a, 16b, 16c, and 16d to the front of the devices 15a, 15b, and 15c. At the same time, the pulling device 15a, 15b, 15c raises the cereal. The raised cereal is scraped by the stirrer star wheel or the like of the transport unit 18 and cut by the cutting blade 52.

  Thereafter, the three grains of the harvested cereals are transported by the stock transport chain of the transport unit 18, the upper and lower ear transport bodies, etc., merged, and handed over to the handling depth transport device 53. In the transport unit 18, the transported culm detection sensor detects the culm on the transport path and determines that the combine 1 is in a cutting operation, and the handling depth transport device 53 determines the length of the culm. The threshing feed chain 35 takes over the cereal straw and conveys it to the threshing device 5 by sensing and automatically adjusting to a preset handling depth. The cereal mash conveyed to the threshing device 5 is threshed and sorted by the handling cylinder 38, the rocking sorter 37, and the like, and separated into slaughter and pestle. The separated soot is stored in the Glen tank 6.

  Here, when the culm during the cutting operation is in an upright state, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the culm passes between the weed divider 16a and the weed divider 16d, the lodging sensor The ultrasonic sensor 41 of the apparatus 40 detects a regular reflected wave from the cereal meal, and this detection signal is transmitted to a control device (not shown). Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5, the control device determines that the cereal is in an upright state, drives the transport HST drive motor 33, and controls the transport speed with respect to the traveling speed of the combine 1 to the standard mode. . That is, the combine 1 is set to the standard mode and performs the cutting operation at the normal conveyance speed.

  On the other hand, when the grain straw during the cutting operation is in the lying state, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the grain straw passes between the weed divider 16a and the weed divider 16d, the lodging sensor device The 40 ultrasonic sensors 41 detect that there is no irregular reflected wave or reflected wave from the cereal meal, and this detection signal is transmitted to the control device. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the ultrasonic sensor 41 passes irregularly or does not pass even though the control device determines that the transported culm detection sensor is cutting. Therefore, it is determined that the cereal is in a lying state, the transport HST drive motor 33 is driven, and it is optimum within a predetermined range (the range of hatched lines surrounded by a broken line and a solid line in FIG. 5). Stepless control to the appropriate transport speed. In other words, the combine 1 is set in the lodging mode and performs the cutting operation at the optimum transport speed increased from the normal speed.

  As described above, according to the combine 1 according to the present invention, since the ultrasonic sensor 41 that detects the cereals in the left-right direction is provided, the cereals that pass through the height of the ultrasonic sensor 41 are regular, When it is irregular, it is possible to detect the case of non-passing, and according to these cases, it is possible to detect the lying state of the cereal to be cut more accurately.

  Moreover, since the lodging detection sensor is the ultrasonic sensor 41, it is possible to detect the passage of cereals from one side with one sensor without being arranged at both ends, so that the weed divider 16a at the right end is detected. It is possible to place the sensor only on the already cut ground side when performing the cutting operation, that is, for example, by arranging the sensor above the weed divider 16d at the left end portion and cutting. It is possible to prevent a collision with the previous cereal.

  In addition, since the vertical position adjustment device 44 that can adjust the ultrasonic sensor 41 in the vertical direction is provided, the sensor is adjusted in the vertical direction according to the length of the cereal to be cut and the approximate level of lodging, for example, different. It is possible to cope with the variety, the state of growth, the state of lodging of the entire field, etc., and the state of lodging of the cereals to be harvested more accurately can be detected.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the ultrasonic sensor 41 is used as the sensor for detecting the passage of the cereal has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, an optical sensor or the like may be used. Any sensor may be used as long as it can detect the passage of. In addition, for example, when an optical sensor or the like is used, and it is necessary to arrange a sensor on the left front side of the combine, a grain cover before cutting is provided by providing a relatively sturdy cover for the sensor. It may be possible to take countermeasures against collisions.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the electric motor 42 and the connecting wire 43 are used as the vertical position adjusting means that can adjust the ultrasonic sensor 41 in the vertical direction has been described. It is also possible to provide a plurality of mounting holes provided in the head and attach the removed ultrasonic sensor 41 to a mounting hole of a desired height, that is, as long as the ultrasonic sensor 41 can be adjusted in the vertical direction, Any configuration is possible.

The side view which shows a combine. The top view which shows a combine. The transmission system diagram which shows a combine. It is a figure which shows the cutting state of a combine, (a) is a case where an upright grain cocoon is reaped, (b) is a case where an inverted grain cocoon is reaped. The figure which shows the relationship between the traveling speed at the time of the harvesting work of a combine, and a conveyance speed.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combine 3 Pre-processing part 15a, 15b, 15c Pulling-up apparatus 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d Divider 18 Conveying part 41 Lodging detection sensor (ultrasonic sensor)
44 Vertical position adjustment means 52 Cutting part (cutting blade)

Claims (3)

Divider for weeding cereals, elevating device for causing fallen cereals, reaping part for cutting cereal stocks, and reaping caused by the elevating device and harvested by the reaping part In a combine equipped with a pretreatment unit having a conveyance unit for conveying
It is arranged on the front side of the pretreatment unit, and comprises an inclination detection sensor that detects the cereal before cutting in the left-right direction.
Combine that is characterized by that. The lodging detection sensor is an ultrasonic sensor, and is disposed above the divider at the end of the trimmed side.
The combine according to claim 1. It is provided with a vertical position adjusting means that can adjust the lodging detection sensor in the vertical direction,
The combine according to claim 1 or 2.

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