JP2001090754A - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve compactness, and to facilitate manufacture and assemblage by eliminating local outward protrusion of a regulation groove in a pocket and an engagement protrusion of a strut, and holding the strut contained in the pocket by a retainer provided on a pocket plate. SOLUTION: Pockets 18 and notches are provided in a circumferential direction at a specified pitch in facing parts of a pair of plates 15, 16 which can be relatively rotated to each other, regulation protrusions 18b protruded in mutually facing directions are provided on both sides on one end side in the circumferential direction in the pocket 18 to form regulation grooves 18a on both sides at one end part in the circumferential direction, a strut 20 to be detachably engaged with the notch is contained in the pocket 18, it has engagement protrusions 20b to be engaged with the regulation grooves 18a, and a retainer 22 is detachably provided on a facing part of one plate 15 having the pocket 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a one-way clutch used for, for example, an automatic transmission of an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 8 to 11 show a conventional technique. In the drawings, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a clutch portion of an automatic transmission, and FIG.
-IX is an enlarged sectional view, FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of a notch plate. In FIG. 8, 1
Is a pocket plate, and 2 is a notch plate, which are disposed so as to be rotatable relative to each other, and are connected in one rotational direction via a one-way clutch 3 interposed in the facing portion. The pocket plate 1 is fixed to a clutch housing (not shown) via a multi-plate clutch 10. Further, the notch plate 2 is provided with a transmission shaft 11 that is rotated forward and reverse.
Attached to

The one-way clutch 3 is configured as shown in FIG. That is, a pocket 4 is provided on the facing portion of the pocket plate 1, and a wedge-shaped notch (engaging recess) 5 is formed on the facing portion of the notch plate 2. The struts 6 and the coil springs 7 are formed at a predetermined pitch and are accommodated in the pockets 4.

As shown in FIG. 10, the pockets 4 are provided on both sides of a rear portion of the square strut accommodating portion 4a (rotation side of the notch plate 2 in the direction of arrow B) in the left-right direction (in the radial direction of the pocket plate 1). ) Are formed, and the strut accommodating portion 4 is formed.
A stepped deep spring accommodating portion 4c is formed at the center of the portion a. Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the strut 6 integrally has prismatic engagement protrusions 6b, 6b protruding in the left-right direction on both sides of the rear portion of the rectangular main body 6a. Then, the main body 6a of the strut 6 faces the strut accommodating portion 4a, and the engaging projections 6b, 6b of the strut 6 are rotatably fitted and locked in the restricting grooves 4b, 4b.

[0005] As shown in FIG.
The pressing piece 7b and the leg piece 7c protrude in the same direction from the coil part 7a, and the coil part 7a is housed in the spring housing part 4c with the pressing piece 7b and the leg piece 7c facing the front side, and The leg piece 7c is brought into contact with the bottom surface of the spring accommodating portion 4c,
The pressing piece 7b is brought into elastic contact with the inner surface of the front part (rotating end side) of the strut 6, and the tip part 6a-1 of the strut 6 is moved toward the notch plate 2 (to the right in FIG. 9) by the pressing piece 7b. It is elastically urged to protrude.

As shown in FIG. 11, smooth notched guide portions 8 are formed on the inner and outer peripheral portions of the notch plate 2 in which the notches 5 are formed. The outer surfaces of the above-described regulating grooves 4b, 4b are closed by facing the outer peripheral portion of the pocket plate 1 to prevent the engaging protrusions 6b, 6b of the strut 6 from rising (separating).

When the notch plate 2 is rotated with respect to the pocket plate 1 in the direction of arrow A, as shown by a virtual line in FIG.
a-1 is pushed in the direction of the pocket 4 by the surface (left surface) 2a on the opposite side of the notch plate 2, and the strut 6 is turned to the left around the engagement protrusion 6b against the reaction force of the coil spring 7. Notch plate 2
(Rotation in the direction of arrow A) is permitted.

When the notch plate 2 is rotated with respect to the pocket plate 1 in the direction opposite to the arrow A, that is, in the direction of the arrow B, the strut 6 faces the notch 5 as shown by a solid line in FIG. At this point, the coil spring 7 rotates the engagement projection 6b in the direction of the notch 5 due to the reaction force thereof, and the tip 6a-1 projects from the pocket 4 and engages with the notch 5. Thus, the rotation of the notch plate 2 in the direction of arrow B is prevented (locked).

[0009]

In the above-mentioned prior art, a regulating groove 4 extending in the radial direction (both sides) is provided at the rear portion of each pocket 4.
b, 4b are formed, and the engaging projections 6b, 6b fitted in the regulating grooves 4b, 4b are formed at the rear portion of the strut 6 so as to protrude in the radial direction (both sides). It becomes difficult to reduce the diameter of the. In addition, since the guide portions 8, 8 for preventing the engagement projections 6b, 6b of the strut 6 from being detached are provided on the notch plate 2 side, the fitting tolerance between the two can be increased,
Alternatively, it is necessary to increase the width of the guide portions 8, 8, which increases the manufacturing cost and makes it difficult to reduce the size. Further, the strut 6 and the coil spring 7 are not held in the pocket 4 until the pocket plate 1 and the notch plate 2 are assembled, so that the assembly is time-consuming. An object of the present invention is to obtain a new one-way clutch that has solved the above-mentioned problems.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is configured as follows to achieve the above object. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, pockets and notches are provided at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction on opposing portions of a pair of relatively rotatable plates, and the pockets protrude in opposite directions on both sides near one end in the circumferential direction. A regulating groove formed on both sides of one end in the circumferential direction, a strut which can be engaged with and disengaged from the notch is accommodated in the pocket, and the strut has a narrow constricted portion at an intermediate portion in the circumferential direction. And an engaging projection fitted to the regulating groove is provided on both sides of the one end in the circumferential direction, and a washer-shaped retainer is detachably provided on a facing portion of the one plate having the pocket, and the retainer is provided. Is configured to have a window hole that allows each strut to protrude and retract, and a regulating wall that closes an upper surface of the regulating groove. According to a second aspect of the present invention, the strut is provided at one end in a circumferential direction with a support arm projecting toward a bottom of the pocket. According to a third aspect of the present invention, the pocket is provided with an elastic body for urging the strut housed in the pocket in the notch direction, and prevents the base of the elastic body from rising at the edge of the window of the retainer. A locking piece is provided. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an elastic body is provided at the edge of the window hole of the retainer to urge the strut housed in the pocket in the notch direction.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a one-way clutch unit showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view showing a second embodiment of the retainer according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a notch plate according to the present invention,
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a one-way clutch section showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a one-way clutch section showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a perspective view of the strut used for the one-way clutch of 3rd Example.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 15 denotes a pocket plate (one plate) formed in a container shape, which is fixed to a clutch housing side of an automatic transmission of an automobile, for example, via a multi-plate clutch. Reference numeral 16 denotes a disk-shaped notch plate (the other plate) housed in the pocket plate 15, which is mounted on the speed change shaft side of the automatic transmission and rotates forward and backward. Reference numeral 17 denotes a one-way clutch interposed between the pocket plate 15 and the notch plate 16. The one-way clutch 17 allows the notch plate 16 to rotate only in the direction of arrow A in FIG.

The one-way clutch 17 is as shown in FIG. That is, a pocket 18 is provided on the facing portion of the pocket plate 15 and a wedge-shaped notch (engaging recess) 19 is provided on the facing portion of the notch plate 16 so as to gradually become deeper in the rotation direction of arrow A in FIG. A plurality of metal struts 20 and elastic members (springs) 21 are accommodated in each pocket 18 in the circumferential direction, and these are held by a sheet metal retainer 22 attached to a facing portion of the pocket plate 15. Then, the strut 20 is rotationally biased in the direction of the notch 19 by the elastic return force of the elastic body 21. As shown in FIG. 4, the notch 19 is formed on the entire surface of the notch plate 16 except for the boss portion.
The guide portions 8 formed at both ends of the notch 5 as in the related art,
8 is omitted.

The pocket 18 is, for example, 4
They are formed at equal pitch. As shown in FIG. 2, each pocket 18 is formed in a rectangular shape elongated in the circumferential direction, and is opposed to both sides near the rear end of the middle portion in the circumferential direction (opposite to the rotation A of the notch plate 16). The protruding regulating projections 18b, 18b are formed.
Square groove-shaped regulating grooves 18a, 18a are formed on both sides on the rear side of the rear part 18b, and the recessed recess 18c is formed slightly deeper on the front side in the circumferential direction.
Is formed, and a notch 1 is formed in a circumferentially intermediate portion of the outer peripheral side surface.
8d is formed.

Further, as shown in the figure, the strut 20 has a narrow constricted portion 20c formed by notching a middle portion in the circumferential direction of a rectangular plate-shaped main portion 20a, thereby forming a narrow constricted portion 20c. The regulating grooves 18a, 18a are provided on both sides on the rear side.
Are formed. The upper surfaces (outer surfaces) of the engagement protrusions 20b, 20b are formed in an arc shape. The main body 20a is fitted to the rear side of the pocket 18, and the constricted portion 20c is located between the regulating protrusions 18b, 18b of the pocket 18, and the engaging protrusions 20b, 20b are fitted to the regulating groove 18a of the pocket 18. , 1
8a so as to be rotatable.

The elastic body 21 is composed of a coil spring, and as shown in FIG.
Has a fork-shaped leg (base) 21b on the front side and a U-shaped pressing piece 21c protruding rearward and upward at the center. Each of the leg pieces 21b has a hook 21d at its distal end, which is bent in the facing direction. The hook 21d may be bent in the opposite direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the elastic body 21 accommodates the coil portion 21a in the escape recess 18c by separating the coil portion 21a forward from the strut 20, and moves the front leg 21b toward the front of the escape recess 18c. The strut 20 is brought into contact with the inner surface on the front side of the strut 20, and the strut 20 is moved outward around the engaging projection 20b, that is, the distal end 20a-1 of the main body 20a.
Are projected toward the notch plate 16 (to the right).

The retainer 22 described above is made of sheet metal as shown in FIG. That is, window holes 22b of a size substantially corresponding to the pockets 18 described above are formed in the flat washer-shaped plate main body 22a at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction,
Circumferential rear end of the window hole 22b (right end in FIG. 2)
Are narrowed on both sides thereof, and the restricting grooves 18a, 18a described above are formed on both sides thereof.
The regulating walls 22c, 22c for closing the upper surface (outer surface) are formed. Further, an engaging piece 22d that engages with the notch 18d of the pocket 18 is bent downward at the circumferentially intermediate portion of the outer peripheral edge of the window hole 22b, and the left end (front end) of the window hole 22b is formed.
Engagement piece 22e that presses leg piece 21b of elastic body 21 at the edge
Is bent downward into an L shape. A locking leg 22f for locking the inner peripheral portion of the pocket plate 15 is formed to be bent downward on the inner peripheral edge of the plate main body 22a.

The leg piece 2 of the elastic body 21 is attached to the locking piece 22e.
1b and the holding groove 22e-1 into which the hook 21d fits are formed. The locking legs 22f are formed in a large number in the circumferential direction, and have, at their lower ends, locking portions having an arc-shaped cross section that engage with the chamfered portions 15a formed on the inner peripheral edge of the pocket plate 15. Note that the pocket 18 and the notch 19 are filled and circulated with oil supplied into the clutch housing.

An elastic body 21 is provided in the pocket 18.
Next, after accommodating the strut 20, the retainer 22 is placed on the upper surface of the pocket plate 15 (the side facing the notch plate 16), and the engaging piece 22d is engaged with the notch 18d of the pocket 18 so that the pocket plate 15 and its locking legs 22
f is a chamfered portion 15a at the inner peripheral edge of the pocket plate 15.
Lock and fix to. This allows the pocket plate 15
The leg piece 21b and the hook 21d of the elastic body 21 are pressed and fixed to the bottom of the pocket 18 by the locking piece 22e (holding groove 22e-1), and the regulating walls 22c on both sides of the rear portion of the window hole 22b.
The restricting groove 18a is closed by using the engaging protrusion 2 of the strut 20.
0b is prevented from rising.

According to the above embodiment, the pocket regulating groove 1
The diameter of the pocket plate 15 can be reduced because the projections 20b, 20b of the struts 20 engaging the struts 20 do not locally protrude outward. Further, since the strut 20 and the elastic body 21 accommodated in the pocket 18 are held by the retainer 22, the small strut 20 and the elastic body 21 can be attached to the pocket plate 15 as a unit,
The pocket plate 15 and the notch plate 16 can be easily assembled, and a guide portion for guiding the engaging projections 20b, 20b of the strut 20 can be omitted on the side of the notch plate 16, so that the notch plate 16 and the pocket plate 16 can be omitted. Therefore, the manufacturing tolerance can be easily reduced and the size can be reduced. Also, the elastic body 21
The coil portion 21a is separated from the strut 20 and accommodated in the pocket 18 so that the depth of the pocket 18 can be reduced.
5 can be reduced in thickness.

When the notch plate 16 is rotated in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, the tip 20a-1 of the strut 20 is positioned on the opposite side of the notch plate 16 as indicated by the phantom line in FIG. The strut 20 is pushed in the direction of the pocket 18 by the surface (left surface), and turns to the left in FIG. The portion 20a-1 is separated from the notch 19. This allows the notch plate 16 to rotate in the direction of arrow A (idling).

When the notch plate 16 is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow A in FIG. 1, the strut 20 faces the notch 19 due to the reaction force of the elastic body 21 as shown by the solid line in FIG. At this point, it is rotated rightward in FIG. 1 around the engagement protrusion 20 b, the tip portion 20 a-1 projects from the pocket 18 and engages with the notch 19, and the notch plate 16 is moved by the pocket plate 15 to the arrow A. The rotation in the opposite direction is blocked (locked).

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the retainer. In this embodiment, an elastic body 21 'made of a leaf spring for operating the strut 20 is integrally formed with the retainer 22 described above. That is, the plate main body 2 is provided at the front edge of the window hole 22b.
2a is bent downward and then inclined rearward (to the right in FIG. 3) and upward, and the inclined piece is
1c ', the pressing piece 21c' is brought into elastic contact with the lower surface of the front part of the strut 20 housed in the pocket 18. The other structure is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.
In this manner, the separate elastic body 21 and the pressing piece 21c for pressing the leg piece 21b of the elastic body 21 can be omitted, so that the structure is simplified and the number of small parts is reduced. Becomes easier.

In the present invention, the notch 19 is provided on the pocket plate 15 side, and the pocket 18 is provided on the notch plate 16 side.
May be formed, and the strut 20 and the elastic body 21 may be accommodated in the pocket 18. In this case, the retainer 22 holding the strut 20 and the elastic body 21 is provided on the notch plate 16 side.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the one-way clutch. In this case, a pocket 18-1 formed in the pocket plate 15 is formed deeply, and the strut 20-1 bent in an L shape is accommodated in the pocket 18-1. As shown in FIG. 7, the strut 20-1 is integrally formed with a plate-shaped support arm 20d projecting downward (toward the bottom of the pocket 18-1) at the rear end of the rectangular plate-shaped main body 20a. By forming a narrow portion 20c having a narrow width similar to that described above in the circumferentially intermediate portion of the main portion 20a, the narrow portion 2c is formed.
Engagement projections 20b, 20b projecting laterally are formed on both sides on the rear side of Oc and on both sides of the support arm 20d. In addition,
Restriction grooves (1) formed on both sides of the rear portion of the pocket 18-1
8a, 18a) are formed in the front and rear widths and depths at which both sides of the engagement protrusions 20b, 20b and the support arm 20d are rotatably fitted.

The elastic body 21-1 made of a coil spring is accommodated in the pocket 18-1 by being arranged back and forth (up and down in FIG. 5), with its front end on the front wall of the pocket 18-1 and its rear end on the front wall. The strut 20-1 is brought into contact with the support arm 20d by the reaction force of the elastic body 21-1 so that the distal end portion 20a-1 of the main body portion 20a is centered on the lower end of the support arm 20d in the direction of the notch plate 16 (rightward). ) So as to protrude toward). The elastic body 21
The front end (base) of -1 is inserted into the window hole 22 of the retainer 22-1.
It is locked by a locking piece 22e formed on the front end edge of b. The other structure is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the one-way clutch. In this device, elastic bodies 21-2 composed of coil springs are arranged and accommodated vertically (right and left in FIG. 6), and the lower end is formed on the bottom wall of the pocket 18-2 formed in the pocket plate 15, and the upper end is formed on the bottom. Strut 2 formed in the same manner as 5
The strut 20-1 is brought into contact with the main body 20a of the support arm 20-1 by the reaction force of the elastic body 21-2.
Of the main body portion 20a around the lower end of the notch plate 16 so as to protrude toward the notch plate 16 (to the right). The lower end (base) of the elastic body 21-2 is locked by a locking piece 22e formed at the front edge of the window hole 22b of the retainer 22-2. The other structure is substantially the same as that of the second embodiment.

[0028]

As is apparent from the above description, claim 1
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the regulating groove of the pocket and the engaging protrusion of the strut engaging with the regulating groove do not locally protrude outward, the diameter of the pocket plate can be reduced. In addition, since the struts housed in the pockets are held by the retainer, the small struts can be attached to the pocket plate as a unit, so that the pocket plate and the notch plate can be easily assembled, and the notch plate can be easily assembled. A guide portion for guiding the engaging projection of the strut can be omitted on the side, and the fitting tolerance between the notch plate and the pocket plate is loosened, so that the manufacturing cost can be easily and reduced in size. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the strut and the elastic body accommodated in the pocket are held by the retainer. Therefore, these small parts can be assembled into a pocket plate as a unit, and the assembling can be further improved. It will be easier. Further, in the invention according to claim 4, since the elastic body for operating the strut is integrally provided on the retainer, the structure is simplified, the number of parts is reduced, and the assembling is facilitated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a one-way clutch unit showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view showing a second embodiment of the retainer according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a notch plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a one-way clutch unit showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a one-way clutch unit showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a strut used for a one-way clutch according to the second and third embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a clutch portion of an automatic transmission showing a conventional example.

9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of IX-IX in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of a conventional notch plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

 15 pocket plate (one plate) 15a chamfered portion 16 notch plate (the other plate) 17 one-way clutch 18 (18-1, 18-2) pocket 18a regulating groove 18b regulating protrusion 18c escape recess 18d notch 19 notch 20 ( 20-1) Strut 20a Main body 20a-1 Tip 20b Engagement projection 20c Neck 20d Support arm 21 (21 ', 21-1, 21-2) Elastic body 21a Coil 21b Leg (base) 21c (21c) ') Pressing piece 21d Hook 22 (22-1, 22-2) Retainer 22a Main plate 22b Window 22c Restriction wall 22d Engagement piece 22e Locking piece 22e-1 Holding groove 22f Locking leg

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pair of plates (15, 1) rotatable relative to each other.
The pocket (18) and the notch (1)
9) are provided at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction, and the pockets (18) are provided with regulating projections (18b) projecting in opposite directions on both sides near one end in the circumferential direction, and are regulated on both sides of one end in the circumferential direction. A groove (18a) is formed, and a strut (20) that can be engaged with and disengaged from the notch (19) is accommodated in the pocket (18), and the strut (20) has a narrow constricted portion ( 20c), an engaging projection (20b) fitted in the regulating groove (18a) is provided on both sides of one end in the circumferential direction, and the one plate (15) having the pocket (18) is opposed. A retainer (22) is detachably provided at the portion, and the retainer (22) is provided with each of the struts (2).
0) and the regulating groove (1).
A one-way clutch comprising a regulating wall (22c) for closing the upper surface of 8a). 2. The unidirectional strut according to claim 1, wherein said strut is provided at one end in a circumferential direction with a support arm projecting toward a bottom of said pocket. clutch. 3. A pocket (1) in said pocket (18).
8) and the strut (20) housed in the notch (1).
9) An elastic body (21) that urges and protrudes in the direction is provided, and a locking piece (25) is provided at the edge of the window (22b) of the retainer (22) to prevent the base (21b) of the elastic body (21) from lifting up. 22e) is provided.
A one-way clutch as described. 4. A window (22b) of said retainer (22).
Strut (2) housed in the pocket (18) at the edge
The one-way clutch according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising an elastic body (21 ') for urging the protrusion (0) toward the notch (19).