JP2001041478A - Hot water storage type hot water supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To melt snow accumulated on a third heat-exchanger to collect a solar heat. SOLUTION: This hot water supply device is switched into either one of a first connection state of atmosphere heat collecting operation, a second connection state of solar heat collecting operation, and a third connection state of snow melting operation by a switching means 61. In the first connection state, a compressor 31, a first heat-exchanger 24, an expansion valve 35, and a second heat-exchanger 36 are interconnected in an annular state and hot water in a hot water storage tank 21 is increased in temperature and boiled through the first heat-exchanger 24. In the second connection state, the compressor 31, the first heat-exchanger 24, and a third heat-exchanger 51 are interconnected in an annular state, and water in the hot water storage tank 21 is increased in temperature and boiled through the first heat-exchanger 24 by a solar heat collected by the third heat-exchanger 51. In the third connection state, the compressor 31, the third heat-exchanger 51, the expansion valve 35, and the second heat-exchanger 36 are interconnected in an annular state and by a solar heat collected by the second heat-exchanger 36, the third heat-exchanger 51 is increased in temperature and melts snow.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus for collecting atmospheric heat or solar heat and raising the temperature of hot water in a hot water storage tank.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a hot-water storage type hot water supply apparatus, an atmospheric heat collecting operation (heat pump heat collecting operation) in which atmospheric heat is collected and hot water is heated and boiled by the heat, and a solar heat is collected and heated by the heat. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a configuration in which a solar heat collecting operation (solar heat collecting operation) for raising and boiling hot water is used in combination.

FIG. 5 shows the configuration of such a hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus. In the atmospheric heat collecting operation, the first heat exchanger 2, the switching valve 3, the expansion valve 4, and the second heat collecting the atmospheric heat from the compressor 1.
A circulation path that returns to the compressor 1 again through the heat exchanger 5 is formed. By the operation of the compressor 1, the vapor of the high-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that has absorbed heat from the outside air in the second heat exchanger 5 is sucked into the compressor 1, and the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure vapor. To the first heat exchanger 2 which is a condenser. In the first heat exchanger 2, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the hot water sent from the hot water storage tank 6 by the circulation pump 7 to condense and liquefy, and instead returns the hot water heated by the heat exchange to the hot water storage tank 6. It is. The liquefied refrigerant liquid is further cooled to be in a supercooled state and adiabatically expanded by the expansion valve 4, and a part of the refrigerant liquid evaporates to be in a gas-liquid mixed state. The refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed state enters the second heat exchanger 5, which is an evaporator, and the refrigerant liquid evaporates to take heat from the surroundings. And the second
The refrigerant completely evaporated in the heat exchanger 5 is sucked into the compressor 1 again. In this manner, the atmospheric heat collection operation is performed by continuously repeating the processes of compression, condensation, adiabatic expansion, evaporation, and compression.

[0004] In the solar heat collecting operation, the compressor 1 is compressed again through the first heat exchanger 2, the switching valve 3, the third heat exchanger 8 for collecting solar heat, and the check valve 9. A circulation path returning to the machine 1 is formed. By the operation of the compressor 1, the vapor of the high-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that has absorbed the solar heat in the third heat exchanger 8 is sucked into the compressor 1, and the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure vapor. It is sent to the first heat exchanger 2 which is a condenser. In the first heat exchanger 2, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the hot water sent from the hot water storage tank 6 by the circulation pump 7 to condense and liquefy, and instead the hot water heated by heat exchange is returned to the hot water storage tank 6. It is. The liquefied refrigerant liquid is further cooled to be in a supercooled state, and a part of the refrigerant liquid evaporates in a long pipe to the third heat exchanger 8 to be in a gas-liquid mixed state. The refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed state enters the third heat exchanger 8, which is an evaporator, and the refrigerant liquid evaporates and takes heat from the surroundings. Then, the refrigerant completely evaporated in the third heat exchanger 8 is sucked into the compressor 1 again. In this way, the solar heat collecting operation is performed by continuously repeating the processes of compression, condensation, adiabatic expansion, evaporation, and compression.

[0005] As described above, in the hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus, an efficient operation method is determined according to the time zone, the solar radiation situation, and the like.
While selectively switching between the air heat collecting operation and the solar heat collecting operation, a predetermined amount of hot water and a predetermined temperature are stored in the hot water storage tank 6 by, for example, evening when the amount of hot water is large.

[0006]

However, the third heat exchanger that collects solar heat is installed on a roof with good sunlight, etc., but the third heat exchange occurs due to snow in winter. If the vessel is covered with snow, solar heat collection operation becomes difficult. The snow accumulated in the third heat exchanger does not melt easily unless it is snowplowed, and thus has a problem that it has to be lifted up on the roof to remove snow. Further, there is a problem that a load is applied to the third heat exchanger due to the weight of snow.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and in addition to the atmospheric heat collecting operation and the solar heat collecting operation, the third heat exchanger that enables the snow melting operation and collects the solar heat is provided. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hot water storage type hot water supply device that can automatically melt snow that has fallen.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus, comprising: a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a first heat exchanger in which hot water is circulated between the hot water storage tank, and a compressor. A first heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a second heat exchanger for collecting atmospheric heat, which are connected in a ring shape, a heat pump means for circulating a refrigerant, and a third for collecting solar heat. A heat exchanger, a first connection state in which the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the second heat exchanger are connected in a ring shape;
A second connection state in which the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are annularly connected, and a second connection state in which the compressor, the third heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the second heat exchanger are annularly connected. Switching means for switching to any one of the connection states 3 and 3.

In this configuration, the switching means
By switching to the first connection state in which the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the second heat exchanger are connected in a ring, an atmospheric heat collection operation state is established, and the second heat exchanger collects air. The heated atmospheric heat raises the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank through the first heat exchanger. Further, by switching to the second connection state in which the compressor, the first heat exchanger, and the third heat exchanger are connected in a ring shape, a solar heat collecting operation state is established, and heat is collected by the third heat exchanger. The hot water in the hot water tank is heated and boiled by the solar heat via the first heat exchanger. In addition, the compressor, the third heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the second heat exchanger are connected in a ring shape, and the state is switched to the third connection state in which the first heat exchanger is shut off. With the atmospheric heat collected by the second heat exchanger, the temperature of the third heat exchanger is raised to melt the snow accumulated on the third heat exchanger.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus according to the first aspect, the switching means is configured to switch between the compressor and the first heat exchanger in the first and second connection states. And a first switching valve for connecting the compressor and the third heat exchanger in a third connection state, and a first heat exchanger and an expansion valve in the first connection state. Is connected to the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger in the second connection state, and is connected to the first switching valve and the third heat exchange in the third connection state. A second switching valve for connecting the first heat exchanger and the compressor in the second connection state, and connecting the third heat exchanger and the expansion in the third connection state. And a third switching valve for connecting the valve.

In this configuration, the first to third connection states are reliably switched by a simple configuration using the first to third switching valves as switching means.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 1, the hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus includes a heat storage unit 11, a heat pump unit 12, and a solar heat collecting unit 13.

The heat storage unit 11 has a hot water storage tank 21, which employs a hot water supply system of a first-stop push-up type, and a water supply pipe (not shown) connected to a water supply pipe below the hot water storage tank 21. A hot water supply pipe (not shown) connected to the hot water supply pipe is connected to an upper portion of the hot water supply pipe.

A first heat exchanger 24 is connected to the hot water storage tank 21 via a circulation path formed by a forward pipe 22 and a return pipe 23. The hot water in the hot water storage tank 21 and the hot water storage tank 21
Circulation pump 25 forcibly circulating with the heat exchanger 24
Are arranged.

The heat pump unit 12 includes a compressor
31, first switching valve 32, first heat exchanger 2 as a condenser
4, a heat pump means 37 having a closed circuit in which a check valve 33, a second switching valve 34, an expansion valve 35, and a second heat exchanger 36 as an evaporator are connected in a ring shape in this order; By circulating the refrigerant filled in the closed circuit of the heat pump means 37, a solar heat collecting operation (heat pump heat collecting operation) is executed.

The first switching valve 32 has three connection ports a,
b, a three-way valve having a connection port a
Is on the outlet side of the compressor 31, and the connection port b is the first heat exchanger.
On the inlet side of 24, the connection port c has a check valve 33 and a second switching valve
The first bypass pipe 38 is connected between the first bypass pipe 38 and the first bypass pipe 38.

The check valve 33 regulates the flow of the refrigerant only from the outlet side of the first heat exchanger 24 toward the second switching valve 34.

The second switching valve 34 has three connection ports d,
e, three-way valve having f, connecting port d
Is connected to the outlet side of the check valve 33 and the first bypass pipe 38, the connection port e is connected to the inlet side of the expansion valve 35, and the connection port f is connected to the inlet side of the solar heat collecting unit 13.

The second heat exchanger 36 includes a blower fan 39 for sending outside air and a blower motor 40 for rotating the blower fan 39.
have.

From the second switching valve 34 and the expansion valve 35, the second
A second bypass pipe 41 is connected between the heat exchanger 36 and the compressor 31, and a third switching valve 42 is connected in the middle of the second bypass pipe 41.

The third switching valve 42 has three connection ports g,
h, i comprising a three-way valve having a connection port g
Is connected to the second switching valve 34 and the expansion valve through the second bypass pipe 41.
Between the second heat exchanger 36 and the compressor 31 through the second bypass pipe 41 between the second heat exchanger 36 and the compressor 31.
On the outlet side of the solar heat collecting unit 13 through the check valve 43,
Each is connected.

The check valve 43 restricts the flow of the refrigerant only from the outlet side of the solar heat collecting unit 13 toward the third switching valve 42.

The solar heat collecting unit 13 has a third heat exchanger 51 constituted by a solar heat collecting panel,
The third heat exchanger 51 is installed in a place with good sunshine conditions, such as on a roof.

The first switching valve 32 and the second switching valve 34
A switching means 61 is constituted by the third switching valve 42 and the third switching valve 42. The switching means 61 connects the compressor 31, the first heat exchanger 24, the expansion valve 35, and the second heat exchanger 36 in a ring shape. The first connection state, that is, the atmospheric heat collection operation (heat pump heat collection operation), and the second connection state that connects the compressor 31, the first heat exchanger 24, and the third heat exchanger 51 in an annular manner, that is, the solar heat collection operation One of a heat operation (solar heat collection operation) and a third connection state in which the compressor 31, the third heat exchanger 51, the expansion valve 35, and the second heat exchanger 36 are connected in a ring, that is, a snow melting operation. Switch to.

That is, the first switching valve 32 connects the compressor 31 with the first heat exchanger 24 in the first and second connection states, and connects the first heat exchanger 24 in the third connection state. The heat exchanger 24 side is shut off to connect the compressor 31 and the first bypass pipe 38. Further, the second switching valve 34 connects the first heat exchanger 24 and the expansion valve 35 when in the first connection state, and connects with the first heat exchanger 24 when in the second connection state. The third heat exchanger 51 is connected, and the first switching valve 32 and the third heat exchanger 51 are connected in the third connection state. The third switching valve 42 connects the third heat exchanger 51 to the compressor 31 when in the second connection state, and connects to the third heat exchanger 51 when in the third connection state. The expansion valve 35 is connected.

Next, the atmospheric heat collecting operation by the hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.

The connection port c of the first switching valve 32, the connection port f of the second switching valve 34, and the connection port g of the third switching valve 42
And shut off. As a result, the first switching valve 3
2. A circulation path that returns to the compressor 31 via the first heat exchanger 24, the check valve 33, the second switching valve 34, the expansion valve 35, and the second heat exchanger 36 is formed.

Then, by the operation of the compressor 31, the high-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor absorbed in the second heat exchanger 36 from the outside air is sucked into the compressor 31, and the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 31 and The high-pressure steam is sent to the first heat exchanger 24 which is a condenser. In the first heat exchanger 24, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the hot water sent from the hot water storage tank 21 to condense, and instead, the hot water heated by heat exchange is returned to the hot water storage tank 21.

At this time, a part of the refrigerant vapor starts to liquefy on the inlet side of the first heat exchanger 24 and all liquefy on the outlet side. The liquefied refrigerant liquid is further cooled to be in a supercooled state and adiabatically expanded by the expansion valve 35, and a part of the refrigerant liquid is evaporated to be in a gas-liquid mixed state. The refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed state enters the second heat exchanger 36, which is an evaporator, where the refrigerant liquid evaporates and takes heat from the surroundings. Then, the refrigerant completely evaporated in the second heat exchanger 36 is sucked into the compressor 31 again.

Thus, compression, condensation, adiabatic expansion,
Atmospheric heat collection operation is performed by continuously repeating the process of evaporation and compression.

Next, the solar heat collecting operation by the hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.

The connection port c of the first switching valve 32, the connection port e of the second switching valve 34, and the connection port g of the third switching valve 42
And shut off. As a result, the first switching valve 3
2, via the first heat exchanger 24, the check valve 33, the second switching valve 34, the third heat exchanger 51, the check valve 43, and the third switching valve 42 to the compressor 31 again. A return circuit is formed.

Then, by the operation of the compressor 31, the vapor of the high-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that has absorbed the solar heat in the third heat exchanger 51 is sucked into the compressor 31, and the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 31 and the high-temperature and high-pressure And sent to the first heat exchanger 24 which is a condenser. In the first heat exchanger 24, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the hot water sent from the hot water storage tank 21 to condense, and instead, the hot water heated by heat exchange is returned to the hot water storage tank 21.

At this time, a part of the refrigerant vapor starts to liquefy on the inlet side of the first heat exchanger 24, and all of the refrigerant liquefies on the outlet side. The liquefied refrigerant liquid is further cooled to be in a supercooled state, and a part of the refrigerant liquid evaporates in a long distance pipe to the third heat exchanger 51 to be in a gas-liquid mixed state. The refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed state is supplied to a third heat exchanger which is an evaporator.
At 51, the refrigerant evaporates and takes heat from the surroundings. Then, the refrigerant completely evaporated in the third heat exchanger 51 is sucked into the compressor 31 again.

Thus, compression, condensation, adiabatic expansion,
The solar heat collecting operation is executed by continuously repeating the process of evaporation and compression.

Next, the snow melting operation by the hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.

The connection port b of the first switching valve 32, the connection port e of the second switching valve 34, and the connection port h of the third switching valve 42
And shut off. As a result, the first switching valve 3
2. First bypass pipe 38, second switching valve 34, third heat exchanger 51, check valve 43, third switching valve 42, second bypass pipe
41, the compressor again via the expansion valve 35 and the second heat exchanger 36
A circuit returning to 31 is formed.

Then, by the operation of the compressor 31, the high-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor absorbed in the second heat exchanger 36 from the outside air is sucked into the compressor 31, and the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 31 and The high-pressure steam is sent to the third heat exchanger 51 which is a condenser. In the third heat exchanger 51, the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam of the refrigerant is condensed by exchanging heat with the snow on the third heat exchanger 51, and instead, the snow heated by the heat exchange rises in temperature. Melts into water.

At this time, a part of the refrigerant vapor starts to liquefy on the inlet side of the third heat exchanger 51 and all liquefy on the outlet side. The liquefied refrigerant liquid is further cooled to be in a supercooled state and adiabatically expanded by the expansion valve 35, and a part of the refrigerant liquid is evaporated to be in a gas-liquid mixed state. The refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed state enters the second heat exchanger 36, which is an evaporator, where the refrigerant liquid evaporates and takes heat from the surroundings. Then, the refrigerant completely evaporated in the second heat exchanger 36 is sucked into the compressor 31 again.

Thus, compression, condensation, adiabatic expansion,
The snow melting operation is performed by continuously repeating the process of evaporation and compression.

As described above, the switching means 61 causes the compressor 3
1, third heat exchanger 51, expansion valve 35 and second heat exchanger 3
6 is connected in a ring shape, and by switching to the third connection state in which the first heat exchanger 24 is shut off, the snow accumulated on the third heat exchanger 51 is automatically removed by the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31. Snow can be melted, so that there is no need to drop snow, the load due to the weight of snow can be reduced, and solar heat collection operation can be allowed even after snowfall.

In particular, in the third connection state, by shutting off the first heat exchanger 24, the compressor 31 is connected to the third heat exchanger 51 without passing through the first heat exchanger 24. High-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant can be sent, and snow can be melted efficiently.

Further, the first switching valve 3 is used as the switching means 61.
2. With a simple configuration using the second switching valve 34 and the third switching valve 42, the first connection state to the third connection state can be reliably switched.

Although the configuration can be simplified by using a three-way valve as each valve of the switching means 61, the switching of the snow melting operation can be similarly performed by using a combination of valves other than the three-way valve.

Further, by installing the third heat exchanger 51 in a place where snow melting is required, such as a garden or a road surface, it is possible to melt snow in those gardens or the road surface.

This hot water storage type hot water supply device can also be used exclusively for melting snow. It can melt snow. Furthermore, water generated by snow melting can be collected and boiled and reused for snow melting.

[0048]

According to the hot water storage apparatus of the first aspect, the switching means connects the compressor, the third heat exchanger, the expansion valve and the second heat exchanger in a third connection. By switching to the state, the snow accumulated in the third heat exchanger can be automatically melted by the high-temperature refrigerant flowing out of the compressor, so that there is no need to snow-fall, and the load due to the weight of snow can be reduced, and However, solar heat collection operation can be tolerated.

According to the hot water supply type hot water supply device of the second aspect,
In addition to the effect of the hot water supply type hot water supply device according to the first aspect, the first connection state to the third connection state can be reliably achieved by a simple configuration using the first to third switching valves as switching means. Can be switched to

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an atmospheric heat collecting operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a solar heat collecting operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a snow melting operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 21 Hot water tank 24 First heat exchanger 31 Compressor 32 First switching valve 34 Second switching valve 35 Expansion valve 36 Second heat exchanger 37 Heat pump means 42 Third switching valve 51 Third heat exchange Container 61 Switching means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F24J 2/42 F24D 17/00 T

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a first heat exchanger in which hot water is circulated between the hot water storage tank, a compressor, the first heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and atmospheric heat. A second heat exchanger for collecting heat, which is connected in a ring shape, a heat pump means for circulating a refrigerant, a third heat exchanger for collecting solar heat, the compressor, a first heat exchanger A first connection state in which the expansion valve and the second heat exchanger are circularly connected;
The second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are annularly connected.
And a switching means for switching to a third connection state in which the compressor, the third heat exchanger, the expansion valve and the second heat exchanger are annularly connected. A hot water storage type hot water supply device. 2. The switching means connects the compressor and the first heat exchanger in the first and second connection states, and switches the compressor and the third heat exchanger in the third connection state.
A first switching valve connecting the first heat exchanger and the expansion valve in the first connection state, and connecting the first heat exchanger in the second connection state to the first heat exchanger in the second connection state. A second switching valve that connects the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger when the heat exchanger is connected to the third heat exchanger and is in the third connection state; And a third switching valve that connects the third heat exchanger and the expansion valve when the third heat exchanger and the compressor are connected in the third connection state. The hot-water storage type hot-water supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: