IT201800003987A1 - Variable modular profile photovoltaic-wind system using reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

Of the patent for invention entitled:

"Photovoltaic-wind system with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity"

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic-wind system with a variable modular profile by means of a reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electrical energy.

As is known, in recent years the procedures for the production of electricity from photovoltaic and wind power plants have been widely used, because they provide energy from the sun and wind, therefore clean and non-polluting energy. However, their use is currently being reduced for the following reasons:

- The States, the European Community and the Regions, while recognizing the merit of providing clean and non-polluting energy to photovoltaic and wind power plants, have significantly reduced the economic support for plant owners;

- The bureaucratic process for installation is very long and cumbersome, so much so as to discourage the implementation by entrepreneurs;

- Environmentalists have risen because they believe that photovoltaic systems reduce the land available for agriculture and wind farms disfigure the landscape due to the height of the pole, including the length of the wing when it is in axis and the substantial diameter of the rotor ;

- The States, the European Community and the Regions will shortly abolish public capital funding for the production of photovoltaic and wind energy, therefore investors will not be able to meet the costs for the construction of the plants;

- The need and urgency to produce CO2-free clean energy (with the production of one kW of energy, 0.337 kg of CO2 is introduced into the air using petroleum products), SO2, SO3, fine dust, etc., in consideration of the constant increase of C02, as unfortunately happens (in 2016 there was a parameter of 410 p.p.m.v, going from 380 p.p.m.v in 2015 to reach and exceed, according to the estimates of the most authoritative world surveyors), in 2150 the catastrophic threshold 750, if adequate measures are not adopted to stem the upward process undertaken so far;

- The downsizing of the measures of the various elements making up the plants currently in place, obtaining, however, an equal or even greater energy production, can be accepted by the various parties: the plant could operate even without charges for the States, the entrepreneurs could do to less than public funding and environmentalists might recognize the new plants favorably.

Currently one of the main problems of photovoltaic systems is that they occupy large areas of land, which are subtracted from agriculture, providing a quantity of energy of relative power in measure of their location and their orientation, which over time is also reduced in scope. .

To obtain satisfactory productions, wind power plants are considered good when their functionality exceeds 2000 hours of work per year at a wind speed of at least 6 m / s. A wind generator with a power of 1.50 MW / h must have a pole about 90-100 high, (not considering the height of the wing, when this is aligned with the pole, and the diameter of the rotor of variable dimensions from 90 to 120 meters). These systems must be placed where there is more ventilation (limiting factor to their diffusion), generally in raised areas and therefore are visible over a large area. The adoption of these generators involves for obvious reasons the need to use them in areas where strong winds persist with a certain continuity and no cyclones are expected, which can bring them down or severely damage them. It should be added that their installation presents enormous difficulties for transport, as they need special vehicles and roads suitable for their abnormal shapes and for their encumbrance in addition to the use of two large-capacity cranes for the entire working period. To these difficulties it must be added that their presence is currently not always well accepted on an aesthetic level, especially by environmentalists. This involves the difficult authorization process and their difficult location. Their production, even if considered good because it is favored by state and community incentives, is low and could hardly provide an adequate profit over the years for the reasons set out below, especially when the incentives from the State or the European Community have run out.

Some of the reasons why the production of the currently known plants is reduced are that:

a) The wind generator does not work in all hours of the day because it is necessary to overcome many dispersions (there is sufficient efficiency if the wind exceeds the speed of 3 m / s);

b) To bring the generator back to a production phase, when it is stopped due to lack of wind, greater force is required (starting thrust) and the times are lengthened to bring it to full capacity;

c) The wind is always inconstant, it does not always blow in the same direction, therefore the shuttle must move according to the new wind direction, which involves expenditure of energy and time for the relative directional movement of the shuttle, in consideration of the large masses to be moved and huge losses to be overcome;

d) The wind, especially in some periods and areas, blows at a speed over 25 m / s, and causes damage to the system due to its exposure, if it is not stopped promptly, thus causing interruptions in energy production. Only after the storm can the generator start from a standstill.

To overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, numerous mini wind power plants have been patented, which have smaller dimensions and production than traditional systems, and at the same time can work at a very low wind speed (even from 0.500 m / s) having a rotation of the blades in the horizontal direction, which occurs perpendicular to the pole. Although such a solution could be advantageous, achievable results are not optimal. The production is profitable only when the wind blows above 8 m / s, according to when exposed by the sellers themselves. Even in such conditions, however, it is difficult to obtain positive results, because the wind hardly exceeds this threshold and it is not possible to use all the power produced, due to pressure drops for the transformation of kinetic energy into electrical energy.

Therefore, although advantageous under various aspects, the plants known as mini-wind turbines do not have a high production of electricity and in any case have a high visual and environmental impact, because they are located at a shorter distance from each other and from the inhabited center.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic-wind system with a modular variable profile by means of a reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity that guarantees optimized production of electricity and minimizes the visual and environmental impact, thus overcoming the limits. solutions known to date.

According to the present invention, a photovoltaic-wind system with a variable modular profile is realized by means of a reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity, which guarantees optimized production of electricity and minimizes the visual and environmental impact, as defined in claim 1.

For a better understanding of the present invention, a preferred embodiment is now described, purely by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

- Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a photovoltaic-wind system with a variable modular profile by means of a reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity, according to the invention;

- Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the mechanical connections between the components of the photovoltaic-wind system with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity, according to the invention;

- Figure 3 shows a block diagram of the electrical connections between the components of the photovoltaic-wind system with a variable modular profile by means of a reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity, according to the invention;

- Figure 4 shows a three-dimensional schematic view of a wind photovoltaic generator with magnetic levitation bearing of the photovoltaic-wind system with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity, according to the invention;

- figure 5 shows a plan view of the lower part of the wind photovoltaic generator with reversing magnetic levitation bearing of figure 4, according to the invention;

- figure 6 shows a perspective view of the lower part of the wind photovoltaic generator with reversing magnetic levitation bearing of figure 4 according to the invention;

- Figures 7.a and 7.b respectively show a top view and a perspective view of the lower portion of the wind photovoltaic generator with reversing magnetic levitation bearing of figure 4, according to the invention;

- Figures 8.a and 8.b respectively show a front and axonometric view of the upper portion of the photovoltaic-wind system with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity, according to the invention;

- figure 9 shows a top perspective view of the wind photovoltaic generator with reversing magnetic levitation bearing of figure 4, according to the invention;

- Figure 10 shows a lower perspective view of the wind photovoltaic generator with reversing magnetic levitation bearing of figure 4, according to the invention;

- figures 11.a-11.b-11.c-11.d show detailed views of components of the photovoltaic-wind power plant with variable modular profile by means of magnetic levitation reversing gear for the production of electricity, according to the invention;

- Figures 12a and 12b respectively show a sectional and perspective view of the foundations of the photovoltaic-wind power plant with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity, according to the invention;

- Figure 13 shows a plan view of a main magnetic system of the photovoltaic system with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity, according to the invention;

- Figure 14 shows a sectional view of a main magnetic system of the photovoltaic system with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity, according to the invention;

- Figure 15 shows a sectional view of secondary magnetic systems of the photovoltaic-wind system with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity, according to the invention.

With reference to these figures, and in particular to figure 1, a photovoltaic-wind system 100 with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity is shown, according to the invention.

More specifically, the photovoltaic-wind system 100 with a modular variable profile by means of a reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity includes a wind photovoltaic generator 100a, a wind generator 100b and a reversing magnetic levitation bearing system. 100c, all in close connection with each other and operating in harmony for the production of alternative electricity.

The photovoltaic generator 100a and the wind generator 100b are structurally integrated in a wind photovoltaic generator 100ab. The 100ab wind photovoltaic generator generates primary energy to power the production process of the 100 variable profile wind photovoltaic system by means of a reversing magnetic leavening bearing for the production of electricity.

Figure 4 and and Figure 8 and 9 show a 100ab wind photovoltaic generator comprising according to the invention:

- a lightning rod 101;

- an anemometer 102,

- a fixed main pole 106 and a movable pole 106a inside the fixed main pole 106;

- a plurality of ball bearings supporting the internal movable pole 106a, not shown in the figure;

- a rotating crown 104 of the main axis hooked to the movable pole 106a;

- a rotor hub 105 inserted in the movable pole 106a by means of the rotating crown 104;

- a control unit 103 for the movement of the rotor 105 according to the thrust of the wind;

- four rotating half-shafts 107 connected to the rotor hub 105 by means of ball bearings 107a to allow them their own rotary movement;

- fixed secondary half-shafts 108 connected to each rotating half-shaft 107 and perpendicular thereto, shown in Figure 8;

- further movable half-shafts 109 connected perpendicularly to the fixed secondary half-shafts 108 with ball bearings 109a positioned between the fixed half-shafts 108 and the movable half-shafts 109 to allow their rotation, shown in figure 8;

- a plurality of rotating panels 110 interconnected between each secondary half-shaft 108 and each mobile half-shaft 109, shown in Figure 8;

- at least one upper fixed panel 110a positioned in the upper part of each rotating half-shaft 107 and side panels 110b with respect to the sides of each rotating half-shaft 107 and connected to an upper panel 110b, shown in figure 8;

- at least one thrust motor 114 placed on the hub of the rotor 105, preferably a first thrust motor to operate the continuation of the movement and a second thrust motor to drive a turbine 115, which transforms the kinetic energy into continuous electrical energy;

- a speed reducer (brake) and energy production 116.

The figures indicated do not show, although included in the photovoltaic-wind generator 100ab, a plurality of ball bearings 106b, which support the movable pole 106a to the main fixed pole 106 and a cable 118 shown in figure 14 for the transport of electrical energy continuous to a battery, and an output cable 118a directed to an inverter being internal to the fixed pole 106.

As shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, the fixed main pole 106 has in its lower part: a first toothed crown 139 and a second toothed crown 139a, located above the first toothed crown 139; a plurality of rotating grids 137, preferably four, for attachment of the toothed crowns 139, 139a to the main pole 106. There are also supports for supporting the toothed crowns 139 and 139a.

The first and second toothed crowns 139 139a are arranged horizontally, so that their surfaces are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the main pole 106. The supports 137a are connected in a radial pattern to the toothed crown 139, 139a and second supports 137b also radially connected to the 110c photovoltaic panels. In particular, in the embodiment shown in figure 5, for example, eight supports 137a can be placed to support the toothed crowns 139 and the same number for that 139a, on the upper level, as well as eight photovoltaic panels 110c for each level and 16 supports 137b for each level. to keep the 110c vertical photovoltaic panels at a predetermined distance from each other.

In the aforementioned figures 3, 4, 5 are also shown: the speed reducer (brake) and energy production 116a; the toothed pinions 140, at least two at each toothed crown 139 - 139a; the connections between the pinion and the mobile secondary pole 141: the sensor covers 131 placed on each vertical photovoltaic panel 110c, fixed secondary poles 138 mobile secondary poles 138a, the support of each pinion 140, for example two for each level of main toothed crowns 139139a, each comprising internally a mobile vertical pole 138a and a fixed secondary pole 138.

Figure 11 shows the pinion 140 and the fixed secondary pole 138, the mobile secondary pole 138a with the indication of the pinion 140, a protection 143 of the pinion 140, the fixed secondary pole 138, the mobile axis inside the mobile secondary pole 138a, the ball bearings support the movable axis rotating in that.

As shown in figure 12, the system 100 provides an external staircase 148 to the seafaring with lateral protective parapets; an access staircase to a technical room 148a; a layer of lean concrete 144; reinforced concrete for foundations 145, an earth fill on foundations 146; the interspaces 147 between the various structures; a copper rope 152 along the perimeter of the foundations; of the shoe 153 for thermal dispersion; a technical room, located in the main tower; an automatic device for regulating the braking system in the event of very high wind speeds and energy recovery of the greater kinetic force for the high wind power plant, i.e. the speed reducer 116, another device like the one mentioned for the low wind power plant, or a speed reducer 116a, the control members with the equipment described above, main and secondary members; the secondary detectors 151a; the motor to keep the pressure constant in all the vacuum compartments 142.

Figure 13 shows the typical plan of a magnetic system in close connection with the wind photovoltaic system.

According to one aspect of the invention, the following parts are part of the magnetic system: a central rotating steel axis 120, eight supports 123 of a steel rotor.

In particular, the rotor supports are fixed to axis 120 and rotating with it. Inside each support there is an axis 123a, which, by means of a double ball bearing connected with axis 123b, allows the internal axis 123a to be moved at a speed greater than that of the main axis 120 and in the opposite direction.

The support 123 connects to the rotor 124, in order to provide it with the same speed and direction as the axis. The rotor 124 consists of a plurality of electromagnetic discs between which an insulating layer is interposed in order to avoid heating and the production of eddy currents due to the Joule effect. The secondary axis 123a, present in it, connects to the axis of the rotor coil 125 to give it a greater speed than the same main axis, to keep the secondary axis 123a in its support 123 without vibrations and distortions. support ball bearings 123c, a filling with polymer fibers 127 (the part in contact with the shaft, with the supports and with the rotor), a copper-plated steel rotor 124, which also constitutes the mobile stator of the plant, eight axes supporting the rotating coils 125, eight copper coils rotating around their own axis, a synchronized system of movement of the coils with respect to their own axis with movement in the opposite direction of travel to that of the rotor, an interspace 133 between the rotor and the coils to ensure the movements of the various elements without obstacles and without contacts, a gap 133a between the rotor coils and those of the stator to ensure the movement of the rotor coils without obstacles them and contact them.

Figure 13 also shows: eight stator axes 128, eight fixed coils 129 wound on the stator axis, sensors 131 for measuring the rotor speed of the rotating axis, each coil, the internal temperature and the quantity of energy present in the vacuum chamber, of the secondary liquid nitrogen tanks 130, a duct 154 for the transport of liquid nitrogen in the various internal tanks, a duct 154a for the transport of liquid nitrogen from the tank located in the main pole to the secondary tanks located in the chamber under vacuum, the nitrogen outlet pipes 154b in the gaseous state from the tanks located in the external chamber, in order to allow the nitrogen to diffuse into the atmosphere, the valves 154c with regulator and motor to allow liquid nitrogen to enter the tank of relevance in the vacuum chamber, a high vacuum chamber 121 in stainless steel, which surrounds the entire magnetic system.

The high vacuum chamber is composed of two bodies of the same material: a base with its walls connected to the outside by means of holes for the passage of pipes of various kinds and a lid. In the chamber, after all the essential elements for the production have been placed and anti-humidity material is placed to avoid over time the creation of hydroxide particles, harmful to the system, are placed: the lid, which is perfectly sealed to avoid the passage of air; an aspirator duct for each chamber 142a coming from the aspirator motor 142, to maintain in the chamber the high vacuum necessary and constant for the correct operation of the system (the foreseen vacuum must be constant at the following condition 1 * 10 <-5> Pa <- 1> * 10 <-9> Pa); a material 134, insulating, waterproof and anti-vibration, which wraps the chamber under vacuum to reduce or attenuate external vibrations (eg earthquakes) and to avoid energy losses; reinforced concrete 135, which forms the foundation of the pole and the magnetic system.

Figure 14 shows the section of the main magnetic system and shows the vacuum chamber 121, an electric generator 119 to set the rotating axis in motion at a very high speed, so as to make the rotating axis levitate, which rotates in this condition in the vacuum, the rotating axis 120, the particular bearing 122, which manages to move the leavened rotating axis within certain limits in order to avoid a gyroscope, the anchoring of the special ball bearing in the vacuum chamber and in the concrete 122a, the 'axis of the stator 128, the coil for the stator 129, the gaps 133 and 133a, to guarantee the movement of the rotating coils without obstacles, the rotating coils 126, the rotating coil axis 125, the rotor of the magnetic system 124, the steel spokes a rotor support 124, the rotating axes located in the supports 123 a, the double ball bearing to ensure the reverse movement of the internal axis 123b, the bearings inside the support to allow the rotation of the axis in the pport without vibrations 123 c the filling in polymer fibers 127 inside the rotor, the concrete of the foundations 135, the electrical cable 118 coming from the battery for the transport of alternative energy for the operation of the rotary axis in the vacuum chamber.

Figure 15 depicts the section of the secondary magnetic systems, which have the same characteristics as the main one, but different sizes and are not equipped with an electric motor for moving the axis with the respective cable. The rotary axis is driven directly by the existing rotary axis in the secondary fixed poles 138 (fig. 12), so that in each plant there are two different systems for activating the movement of the axes of the reels and of the rotor (the one for the plant main and that for secondary implants).

Advantageously according to the invention, the photovoltaic-wind system with a variable modular profile by means of a reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electric energy allows to realize alternative energy generators with a modular structure, capable as such of being from time to time. configured in conditions of ventilation and sunshine of the relative installation site. The elements making up the modular structure allow for the creation of the combined essential elements (solar, wind and magnetic) the advantage of mounting each individual generator directly on site of the installation.

According to the inventor's design idea, summarized in Figure 4, plant 100 consists of an energy generator with a fixed height, including:

a) In its upper part, a rotor rotating according to the direction of the wind, where four movable semi-shafts 107 are installed (shown in figures 4, 9, 10), with vertical rotation, on which are placed the radiant panels 110 movable with their own rotation on its own rotating secondary axis 109, in addition to that produced by the mobile half-shaft 107 and fixed panels 110a and 110b, to which only the movement produced by the main half-shafts 107 is guaranteed. The movement of the aforementioned panels is guaranteed by the internal rotating pole 106a, fixed to the central one 106 by means of ball bearings 106b, from the crown 104, from the hub of the rotor 105 of the motor to ensure a certain speed of the rotor of the central pole with horizontal rotation;

b) In its lower part (shown in figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 10) sixteen rotating radiant panels 110c, divided into two rows, which allow two toothed crowns 139, 139a to move at a certain speed which, as already illustrated, they are one above the other. Each toothed wheel transmits a multiple speed to two mobile secondary poles 138a fixed internally to the external fixed secondary poles 138, by means of ball bearings 138b. To give stability to each toothed crown 139,139a, there are supports 137 a, which join the crown to the ball bearing along the entire perimeter of the main pole to allow the crowns 139, 139a to rotate horizontally. To increase the revolutions of the secondary rotating axis, a toothed pinion 140, of much smaller diameter, is used for each one, which is wedged in the crown and is protected by a pinion cover 143 directly fixed to the relevant secondary pole;

c) In the lower part of the central pole, the upper part of the maintenance poles is accessed via seafaring stairs with safeguard 148b, via three steps of the access ladder 148a, to the technical compartment 149, where the batteries 113 and continuous energy are located that the alternating one 113a, the main liquid nitrogen tank 130 for cooling which feeds all the secondary tanks 130 located in the respective vacuum chambers, the inverter 112 for the transformation of direct current into alternating current, the control and regulation unit 132 of all the systems as well as all the control and command members 150, the detecting and signaling devices 151 and the cables for the transport of continuous electrical energy in 118 and 118a out;

d) Five magnetic leavening bearing systems are located under the ground level, one of which is main and four secondary (shown respectively in figures 14, 15). In each plant there is a high vacuum chamber 121, which contains all the elements for the production and conservation of energy. The main magnetic system communicates with the outside through the duct 154 for the introduction of liquid nitrogen into the secondary tank of relevance for the discharge of the gaseous nitrogen through a duct 154b, after accessing the regulating valve 154c, the cable 118 for the supply of continuous energy (solar wind) to the rotary axis motor, the cable 118a for the transport of continuous energy to the inverter. The secondary magnetic systems communicate with the outside through the duct 154a for the introduction of liquid nitrogen into the secondary tank of relevance for the release of the gaseous nitrogen and the regulation valves 154c, the rotary axis 138a coming from its pinion, the cable 118 for supplying and transporting direct energy from the inverter to the battery and cable 118a for transporting alternating energy.

The panels 110c provided are such as to simultaneously produce solar energy for the radiations coming from the Sun and kinetic energy for the movement of the wings. To obtain the maximum they must have the arched shape, so that the affected surface is greater and the kinetic force is more consistent, due to the greater amount of air transported. Each secondary rotating axis 109 allows the rotation of the three panels simultaneously by means of ball bearings 109a placed in the secondary fixed axis to allow rotation of the moving axes. The panels placed in the lower part of the 110c pole have a slight inclination to obtain greater production from photovoltaics over the course of the year. Each panel receives a thrust from a thrust motor 114 for panels located in the secondary axes in the upper part and for the panels located in the lower part of the main pole 114a to avoid stasis of the wind power plant, when there is calm or insufficient wind to energy production. The restart in current wind power plants occurs only when the wind gives a greater thrust to put the system back into operation (start-up thrust).

Since the panels acting as wings in the upper part of the wind power plant, have a vertical rotation and the wind is not constant and often changes direction, for the optimal operation of the wind generators, an anemometer 102 is provided, which allows a rotor 111 to move according to the new direction by means of a control unit 103. The continuous electrical energy produced by the photovoltaic both in the upper and lower part is transmitted directly to the battery 113 via cable 118, while the kinetic force produced by the low wind is transformed by two turbines 115, 115a (one for the upper part 115 and the other for the lower part, only for the residual 115a) in continuous electrical energy and transported by cable 118 to the battery 113.

In addition, in the system 100 there are two speed reducers 116, one in the upper part 116 and the other in the lower part 116a, which come into operation when the speed exceeds certain set limits.

Advantageously, the greater friction thus created produces further electrical energy, which is recovered and transported to the respective turbines 115 -115a, so there is no stop of the plant, as currently happens, but a reduction in speed, bringing it back to the maximum indicated with greater advantage. for the movement of the rotor due to the automatically installed friction force, increasing energy production.

In the upper part of the generator (shown in figure 4) the provided arms are load-bearing, they are an integral part of the rotor and have the function of supporting the structural part, where the secondary rotating axes are anchored horizontally, in which the panels are placed, which rotate vertically. Three panels arranged mutually at an angle of 120 to each other are preferably connected to each rotary axis. Each panel, present in the structure, does not extend over the entire surface, but leaves for all the sides not common with the axis, when the panels are aligned with the structure, a slit, so that the wind can pass and make in this way the run of the panels present is faster and does not create seal damage. The existence of these slits between the various winged profiles of the same row produces the advantageous effect of allowing the passage of the wind and not creating excessive loads, especially when the wind power is very high and at the same time the deviation of the wind along the edges of the outer panels is higher. From this perspective, it can be understood that the various rows of winged profiles, mounted on the axis mentioned, are intended for the movement of the same axis, which is able to transmit kinetic energy appropriately captured and transformed into electrical energy.

For the three sides along the external part of each structure are placed other fixed panels arranged along the external walls of each, which follow the movement of the rotor along the direction of the wind. The fixed panels, present on the frame, 110a and 110b have the function not only of moving the rotor according to the direction of the wind, but also of producing electric energy from the kinetic one, due to the same movement of the rotor. In this way, the certainty is acquired that the entire rear fascia of the frame and fixed panels can be homogeneously affected by the lift of the wind, with the consequence of being therefore stressed by a uniform and well-balanced advancement impulse.

The mobile panels 110, present in the structure, undergo three movements: the first along the axis where they are connected, the second along its arm and the third with respect to the rotor and therefore produce three energy sources, while the fixed panels 110a and 110b, not having its own axis to rotate, two energy sources.

The continuous energy accumulated in the battery 113 for the part of use is sent via cable 118 to the multipolar synchronous 119 electrical generator, placed in the bearing of the main magnetic system. The remaining amount of superfluous continuous energy is transported by cables 118 to the inverter 112 for transformation into alternating and then brought with cables partly to the battery for alternating energy 113a and partly fed into the public or private network. The generator 119 moves the main axis 120 as well as the rotor 124 and the moving coils in the main vacuum chamber (see Figure 14). All 121 vacuum chambers are located under the ground level. The axis of the magnetic leavening bearing is with permanent magnets with axial flux, it is operated by the electricity produced by the wind and photovoltaic systems present in the above ground part of the plant and the continuous energy produced in the same chamber 121 is stored, to request reaches the magnetic bearing inverter 112 to be transformed into alternating energy. This reaches the alternating battery 113a and the remaining production is put on the grid. The rotating steel axis 120, activated by the motor, does not have many losses due to locomotion, because it is placed under vacuum, it sets the rotating steel axis 120 in motion. The aforementioned axis is placed in a high vacuum chamber 121, and rotates at a very high speed so as to allow its magnetic leavening. It is placed in a particular ball bearing 122, which allows it to rise within certain limits in order to avoid the gyroscope and supports a rotor 124 with eight rotating coils 126 with copper winding, which rotate at high speed greater than that of the 120 axis beyond to that of its own axis 125 (each coil therefore has two movements: one from its own axis and the other from the rotor).

In the double movement of the coils 126 there is no sliding friction, because they rotate in a vacuum and are connected to the rotor only through its own axis. The synchrony of the movement of the coils around their axis and with the rotor, of which they are part, is the predominant factor of the whole system for the very high production and conservation of energy due to the different magnetic fields, without altering the internal temperature. In the end of the same vacuum chamber eight axes 128 are anchored, where the relative fixed copper coils 129 are wound, which constitute the stator of the system. There are also in the vacuum chamber eight tanks containing liquid nitrogen 130 connected to each other by means of the duct 154 and to the outside, at the inlet, by means of the duct 154a and at the outlet in gaseous form, by the duct 154b and with nitrogen regulation by means of a valve 154c. The presence of liquid nitrogen in the vacuum chamber is due to the high speed of the coils on the rotor to lower the temperature of the same. The presence inside the rotor, in addition to the rotating and carrying axis 120, there are the rotor supports 124 with the respective internal axes 123, the double bearings for speed transmission in the opposite direction to the rotor 124 and the internal bearings to the supports to keep the internal rotating axis in the optimal working conditions 123c and the polymer fibers 127 to resize the rotating weight and to reduce any deformation of the supports. A gap 133 between the circumference formed by that of the rotating coils on the rotor and the gap 133a between the various coils of the rotor and the fixed stators, does not allow there to be rubbing and therefore wear and strong production of heat to the detriment of the production of energy and at the same time that magnetic flux can be created which determines the magnetic fields producing energy, which is accumulated in the same chamber and withdrawn on request, reaching the inverter located in the central pole, through electrical cables 118a. The sensors 131, present in every part of the system, are able to provide all the data to a control unit 132 located in the technical compartment 149 that can be controlled by the operator.

The work of the control unit 132 is the control of the system and the regulation of the various valves. To allow general control and automatic regulation of each single element, there is the aforementioned electronic control unit, which through a specific program is able to guarantee the functionality of the system. To this are also connected the electric motors necessary to regulate the speed of the rotor and the panels (increase it up to the required production speed and lower it in case of very high speeds not suitable for production) or the gearboxes 116, 116a and the various sensors 131.

To avoid malfunctions due to the presence of electric discharges or lightning as it is the presence of magnetic energy, the system is comprised of grounding with lightning rod 101 with copper rope 152 and with rods 153.

Advantageously, to avoid shaking, vibration of the ground and to reduce the negative effects of a possible earthquake, all the vacuum chambers are covered with a layer of anti-vibration device 134, which acts as a buffer between the concrete of the foundations and the outside of the chamber underneath. empty. Furthermore the foundation of each pile is delimited by an inter-space 147.

Advantageously, according to the invention, there is the exploitation of a single plant for the production of electricity from photovoltaic panels and wind turbines.

Advantageously, according to the invention, the use of special plastic for the construction of the photovoltaic panel, offers greater yield, less weight, which favors a faster movement of the various elements, and less decay over the years.

Advantageously according to the invention, plant 100 does not occupy agricultural land for the location of photovoltaic panels.

Advantageously according to the invention, the system 100 has a higher production obtainable from the photovoltaic panels than those currently existing.

Advantageously according to the invention, the system 100, thanks to the movement of the solar panels and the presence of the ventilation, does not undergo excessive heating and therefore a reduction in performance.

Advantageously according to the invention, the plant 100 has differentiated quantities of wind energy according to the various supplies.

Advantageously according to the invention, the plant 100 guarantees a large amount of energy that can be obtained from photovoltaic and wind power that is constant throughout the day to be able to be partially connected to the network, therefore the network could almost always be at its maximum. scope.

Advantageously according to the invention, in the system 100 there is no inactivity of the system due to the non-existent or insufficient wind speed.

Advantageously according to the invention, in the plant 100 there are no significant costs for restarting the plant after a stop, because the starter motor begins to operate when the rotating part is in motion and the necessary force is relative to the reduced moment of work.

Advantageously according to the invention, the plant 100 has a large amount of energy produced by the magnetic bearing due to the double reverse rotation of the coils present on the rotor, moreover the following magnetic fields are established in each vacuum chamber between:

a) the rotor (also called movable stator) 124 and the coils 129 of the fixed stators;

b) the rotor 124 and the overlying coils 126 rotating in the opposite direction to that of the rotor;

c) the rotating coils 126 of the rotor having a mass and speed difference between them (the magnetic field is due to the higher speed and lower mass of the neighboring coils even if the movement of all the coils has the same direction of travel);

d) the rotating coils 126 movable on the rotor and the fixed ones 129 on the stators.

The sum of the derivatives from the two magnetic fields is far greater than that of a single field even if it is lower than the sum of the individual fields.

All the systems operated with the magnetic leavening bearing are powered by the photovoltaic and wind energy produced, which in turn is reproduced several times as the energy production of each magnetic field depends on the mass (whose weight is scaled for the its reduced specific weight since the plant is in high vacuum chambers and the square of the speed of the various elements is very high (the rotor speed is around 4000 rpm, while those of the coils also reach 5000 rpm) and with very low dispersion coefficients as there is no sliding friction With this vertiginous movement of the various elements the internal temperature is not significantly increased, because the magnetic systems are located under the ground level and do not receive the external climatic influence and also due to a perfect synchronization of the movements, and the presence inside the vacuum chamber 121 and the az tanks liquid oto 130 for cooling the environment.

In addition, the flow of electromagnetic induction significantly increases due to the Faraday-Neumann law due to the presence in the circuits of the rotor and stator coils by the number of respective spirals, their radius and the thickness of the wound material.

Advantageously according to the invention, in the plant 100 there is a strong reduction of friction, because there is no rubbing and wear of the parts subject to wear, because the movement of the coils occurs in the chamber under high vacuum.

Advantageously according to the invention, the plant 100 allows to considerably reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emitted for the production of energy by the plants, since the plant 100 produces clean and constant energy.

Advantageously, according to the invention, the plant 100 is easy to assemble and disassemble the plants, using normal cranes both for the height and for the load and therefore having less risk in carrying out the work.

Advantageously, according to the invention, the system 100 presents very limited difficulties for on-site transport using normal means, access routes suitable for normal traffic.

Advantageously, according to the invention, the plant 100 has very low installation times and costs compared to production and therefore the business plan is very valid and acceptable to entrepreneurs.

Advantageously according to the invention, the plant 100 containing greater possibility of expanding their location on the territory for the fewer constraints to be observed.

Advantageously according to the invention, the plant 100 has a reduced visual and environmental impact.

Advantageously according to the invention, both ordinary and extraordinary maintenance of the plant 100 is very reduced, especially in the magnetic part, where lubrication and oil changes are not required.

Advantageously, according to the invention, operating profits are satisfactory without taking into account the possible production premiums paid by the State or the Community for the production of clean energy.

Advantageously according to the invention, the plant 100 guarantees a shorter amortization time of the plant.

Finally, it is clear that the photovoltaic system with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electrical energy described and illustrated here can be subjected to modifications and variations without thereby departing from the protective scope of the present invention, such as defined in the attached claims.

Claims (11)

CLAIMS 1. Photovoltaic-wind system (100) with variable modular profile by means of reversing magnetic levitation bearing for the production of electricity comprising a wind photovoltaic generator (100a), a wind generator (100b) and a levitation bearing system magnetic reversing gear (100c). 2. Plant (100) according to claim 1 characterized in that the photovoltaic generator (100a) and the wind generator are structurally integrated in a wind photovoltaic generator (100ab). 3. Plant (100) according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that the wind photovoltaic generator (100ab) comprises: - a lightning rod (101); - an anemometer (102); - a fixed main pole (106) and a movable pole (106a) inside the fixed main pole (106); - a plurality of ball bearings supporting the internal movable pole (106a); - a rotating crown (104) of a main axis hooked to the movable pole (106a); - a rotor hub (105) inserted in the movable pole (106a) by means of the rotating crown (104); - a control unit (103) for the movement of the rotor (105) according to the thrust of the wind; - four rotating half-shafts (107) connected to the rotor hub (105) by means of ball bearings (107a) to allow them to rotate; - fixed secondary half-shafts (108) connected to each rotating half-shaft (107) and perpendicular to them; - further mobile half-shafts (109) connected perpendicularly to the fixed secondary half-shafts (108) with ball bearings (109a) positioned between the fixed half-shafts (108) and the mobile half-shafts (109) to allow their rotation; - a plurality of rotating panels (110) interconnected between each secondary semiaxis (108) and each mobile semiaxis (109); - at least one upper fixed panel (110a) positioned in the upper part of each rotating half shaft (107) and side panels (110b) with respect to the sides of each rotating half shaft (107) and connected to the upper panel (110b); - at least one thrust motor (114) placed on the hub (105); - a speed reducer and energy production (116). 4. Implant (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that the main fixed pole (106) has in its lower part: a first toothed crown (139) and a second toothed crown (139a), placed above the first sprocket (139), the first and second sprockets (139, 139a) being arranged horizontally, so that their surfaces are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the main pole (106); a plurality of rotating grids (137), for attachment of the toothed crowns (139, 139a) to the main pole (106); supports to support the sprockets (139, 139a). Plant (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises supports (137a) connected in a radial pattern to the toothed crown (139, 139a) and second supports (137b) connected in a radial pattern to photovoltaic panels (110c). 6. Plant (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that said plant with reversing magnetic levitation bearings comprises: a central rotating steel shaft (120), eight supports of a steel rotor (123), fixed to the axis (120) and rotating with it, each support internally comprising an axis (123a), which can be moved, by means of a double ball bearing, at a speed greater than that of the main axis (120) and in the opposite direction. 7. Plant (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that said rotor (124) is constituted by a plurality of electromagnetic discs between which an insulating layer is interposed, to avoid raising the temperature. 8. Plant (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises: a stator, eight stator axes (128), eight fixed coils wound on the stator axis (129), a vacuum chamber (131), a plurality of sensors for measuring the speed of the rotor, of each coil, sensors for measuring the internal temperature and the amount of energy present in the vacuum chamber (131), of the secondary liquid nitrogen tanks (130), connected together by ducts (154) coming from a tank located in a main pole by means of a duct (154a) entering in the liquid state and through a duct (154b) exiting in the gaseous state, a high vacuum chamber (121) in steel, which wraps the magnetic system. 9. Plant (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that said chamber under high vacuum is composed of two bodies, a base, walls connected to the outside by holes for the passage of pipes, and a watertight lid to avoid the passage of air; a suction duct for each chamber (142a) coming from the suction motor (142) to keep the high vacuum in the chamber, a coating (134) made of insulating, waterproof and anti-vibration material, which surrounds the vacuum chamber to reduce or attenuate vibrations external and to avoid energy losses; a foundation (135) in reinforced concrete of the pole and of the magnetic system. 10. Plant (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that said vacuum chamber (121) comprises an electric motor (119) to set the rotary axis in motion at a speed such as to make the rotary axis rise (120 ), which rotates in empty conditions, a bearing (112) such as to move the leavened rotating axis, an axis (128) of the stator, a coil for the stator (129), a plurality of rotating coils (126) . 11. Plant according to claim 1 characterized by the fact of comprising a plurality of secondary magnetic plants having a rotating axis driven directly by the rotating axis existing in the secondary fixed poles (138a).