HK1218533B

HK1218533B - Brake, and elevator system

Info

Publication number: HK1218533B
Application number: HK16106457.5A
Authority: HK
Inventors: T‧弗拉索夫; K‧坎塔南
Original assignee: 通力股份公司
Priority date: 2013-03-26
Filing date: 2014-03-21
Publication date: 2018-09-28

Description

Brake and elevator system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a solution for measuring the operation of a brake.

Background

Conventionally, the operation of the brake of the hoist of an elevator is measured with a limit switch fixed to one side of the brake. The limit switch is configured to measure movement of the armature portion relative to the frame portion of the brake. The limit switch includes a moving arm that is attached to the contacts of the limit switch in the following manner: so that the contacts open and close as the arm moves.

The limit switch is attached to the frame portion of the brake and the arm is fixed to an armature portion that moves relative to the frame portion.

The movement of the armature portion is rarely a straight line relative to the frame portion and typically the armature portion is angled against the frame portion of the arrester. In this case the movement may also be smaller on one side of the brake than on the other side. If the limit switch is on the side with small movements, the observation of the movements is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

Object of the Invention

The object of the invention is to disclose a solution that improves the operational movement reliability of the brake.

To achieve this object, the invention discloses a brake according to the following and also an elevator system as described below. In other arrangements, some preferred embodiments of the invention are described. Some inventive embodiments and inventive combinations of various embodiments are also presented in the description part and drawings of the present application.

Summary of The Invention

One aspect of the present invention is a brake, including: a frame portion of the brake; an armature portion movably supported on the frame portion, the armature portion configured to move between a braking position and a releasing position; and also a limit switch attached to the frame part, the switch state of which changes at the operating point of the limit switch. The brake further comprises a measuring pin movably supported on the frame part of the brake and separated from the armature part, the measuring pin being connected to the limit switch and configured to engage with a movement of the armature part in an operating direction of the limit switch in an operating range between the braking position and the release position, an operating point of the limit switch being configured to divide the operating range into a plurality of sections of the operating range, wherein a switching state of the limit switch in a first section indicates the braking position and a switching state of the limit switch in a second section indicates the release position.

The expression "the measuring pin is configured to engage with the movement of the armature part in the operating direction of the limit switch" means that the measuring pin is configured to always move in the operating direction of the limit switch and in the following manner if supported on the frame part of the brake: so that the measuring pin moves when the armature portion moves in the operating direction of the limit switch, or when the movement of the armature portion has a component in the direction of the operation of the limit switch as described above. Since the measuring pin, which is movably supported on the frame part of the brake, is separate from the armature part, the armature part can twist relative to the measuring pin and can be displaced if necessary. This means that a change in the position of the armature part at different points of the armature part or an asymmetrical movement thereof does not prevent the movement of the measuring pin and thus does not impair the operation of the limit switch.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, there is space for the measuring pin in the frame part of the brake. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the brake comprises an urging spring fitted between the frame part and the measuring pin of the brake for engaging the measuring pin with the armature part. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both the measuring pin and the thrust spring are arranged in the above-mentioned space in the frame part of the brake. In this case, the measuring pin and also the thrust spring are better protected against impacts both during installation of the brake and during operation thereof.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both the measuring pin and the limit switch are arranged in the above-mentioned space in the frame part of the brake. The limit switch is also better protected against impacts in this case during installation of the brake and during operation thereof. In addition, the limit switches in the frame part may be more easily protected against, for example, dust and/or moisture.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the space is inside the frame part and the measuring pin is arranged to engage with a braking surface of the airgap of the brake on the armature part side. This means that the measuring pin can be configured to measure the movement of the armature part starting from the brake surface on the armature part side of the air gap inside the brake, where the movement is even more than in the edge area of the brake, and that the measuring point result is such that a reliable measuring result can be achieved.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the measuring pin comprises an arrow-shaped tip portion, the tip of which is configured to press against the armature portion. This means that the contact surface of the sharp tip of the measuring pin against the armature part is extremely small, and as a result possible position errors of the armature part do not disrupt the movement of the measuring pin or deform it.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the measuring pin is separate from the limit switch. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned measuring pin, separate from the limit switch, is configured to press against the limit switch. This means that the measuring pin can tilt freely relative to the limit switch and that the tilting of the measuring pin does not cause a twist in the arms of the contacts of the limit switch. In some other embodiments, the measuring pin is fixed to the limit switch. This is possible because the movement of the measuring pin is configured to occur in the operating direction of the limit switch and the movement of the measuring pin does not cause twisting in the limit switch in this case.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the actuator includes an adjustment member by which the distance of the limit switch from the armature portion is adjusted. This means that the operating point of the limit switch can be adjusted and corrected for ensuring reliable operation of the limit switch.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the limit switch is fixed to the frame part with an adjustment member. This means that the position of the limit switch relative to the frame part can be adjusted by means of the adjusting member.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adjustment member comprises an adjustment plate, to which the limit switch is fixed, and which is fixed to the frame part of the brake with an adjustment screw, with which the distance of the adjustment plate from the armature part can be adjusted. This means that with the adjusting screw the distance of the adjusting plate can be adjusted and at the same time the operating point of the correction limit switch can also be adjusted precisely.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the measuring pin is configured to slide along a guide surface in the frame part of the brake. This means that the measuring pin can be supported on the guide surface, which improves the directional stability of the movement of the measuring pin and prevents the measuring pin from moving in directions other than the operating direction of the limit switch.

A second aspect of the invention is an elevator system comprising an elevator car, a hoist and also a hoisting rope travelling via a traction sheave of the hoist, with which the elevator car is moved. The hoist comprises a brake according to the description for braking the movement of the traction sheave of the hoist.

The brake according to the invention improves the reliability of the measurement of the movement of the armature part of the brake, in which case the monitoring of the operating state of the brake can also be improved by using the invention. In some embodiments the brake according to the invention is used as a mechanical safety device of an elevator, such as a machinery brake of a hoist of an elevator and/or as a car brake engaging a guide rail of an elevator car. In which case the invention also improves the safety of the elevator system. In some embodiments the brake according to the invention is used as a mechanical safety device for an escalator or a travelator. In which case the invention improves the safety of the escalator/travelator.

The foregoing, as well as additional features and additional advantages of the invention presented below, will be better understood by the following description of some embodiments, which does not limit the scope of the application of the invention.

Drawings

Figure 1 presents a cross-section of a brake according to one embodiment of the invention when viewed obliquely from above,

figure 2 presents a top view of the brake of figure 1,

fig. 3 presents the operating range of the measuring pin of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 presents a section of an electromagnetic machinery brake of a hoist of an elevator. Fig. 1 presents only the features necessary from the point of view of understanding the invention. The frame part 1 of the machinery brake is fixed to the stationary frame of the hoist. The frame part 1 comprises a magnetizing coil 9 of an electromagnet. The armature part 2 of the mechanical brake is supported on the frame part 1 with bolts 13 or corresponding parts in such a way that the armature part 2 can move along a determined trajectory relative to the frame part 1. The brake has a connecting spring that exerts an urging force between the frame portion 1 and the armature portion 2 in the following manner: so that the armature part 2 is displaced to the braking position when the connecting spring presses the armature part 2 against the braking surface of the turning part of the hoist. The brake is opened by supplying current to the magnetizing coil 9 of the electromagnet. The current travelling in the coil 9 brings an attractive force between the frame part 1 and the armature part 2, pushing the armature part 2 to a release position away from the braking surface.

In this embodiment of the invention, a damping plate 10 made of spring steel and moving together with the armature part 2 is fitted in the airgap between the frame part 1 and the armature part 2 in connection with the armature part 2, the purpose of which damping plate is to damp the disturbing noise generated by the operation of the brake. However in some embodiments the brake is implemented without the damping plate 10 described above.

The brake of fig. 1 has a limit switch 3 fixed to the frame part 1, with which the operation of the brake is measured by measuring the movement of the armature part 2 of the brake. The movement of the armature portion 2 is detected as a change in the on-off state of the limit switch 3, i.e., as the opening or closing of the contact of the limit switch 3. The limit switch 3 has a moving arm 11, which is attached to the contacts of the limit switch 3 in the following manner: so that the contacts are always open/closed at the operating point of the limit switch 3 when the arm 11 is moved in the intended operating direction.

The brake further comprises a measuring pin 4 movably supported on the frame part 1 of the brake and separated from the armature part 2/damping plate 10, which measuring pin 4 is connected to an arm 11 of the limit switch 3 in such a way that the measuring pin 4 presses against the arm 11 of the limit switch.

The brake also has a thrust spring 6, which is fitted between the frame part 1 of the brake and the measuring pin 4 in the following manner: so that the urging spring 6 presses the measuring pin 4 into contact with the damping plate 10 associated with the armature portion.

The measuring pin 4 has an arrow-shaped top end, the sharp top end 4' of which presses against the damping plate 10.

The measuring pin 4 and also the limit switch 3 are fitted into the space 5 inside the frame part in the following way: so that the measuring pin 4 and also the limit switch 3 are protected against external impacts. In some embodiments the measuring pin 4 and also the limit switch 3 are enclosed with a seal in a space 5 in the frame part, which prevents dust and moisture from entering said space 5.

The measuring pin 4 is configured to slide along a wall (guide surface) 8 of the space 5 in the intended operating direction of an arm 11 of the limit switch. In this embodiment, the measuring pin 4 pressed against the damping plate 10 engages with the damping plate 10 and thus with the movement of the armature part 2 in the following manner: so that the measuring pin 4 moves in the operating direction of the arm 11 when the damping plate 10 moves in the operating direction of the arm 11 or when the movement of the damping plate 10 has a component in the operating direction of the arm 11 as described above. Since the sharp tip end 4' of the measuring pin 4 is separated from the damping plate 10, the damping plate 10 can be rotated relative to the measuring pin 4 and can also be displaced if necessary. This means that a change in the position of the damping plate 10 or an asymmetrical movement thereof does not produce a twist in the measuring pin 4 and thus does not impair the operation of the limit switch 3.

When the armature part 2 is displaced from the braking position to the release position, the measuring pin 4 is moved in the operating range 14 between the braking position and the release position according to fig. 3 and vice versa. The dimensions of the measuring pin 4 are made as follows: so that the operating points 14', 14 "of the limit switch 3 divide the operating range 14 into a plurality of sections 14A, 14B in which the limit switch 3 has different switching states. In the embodiment of fig. 3, the limit switch 3 has two operating points 14', 14 "for hysteresis. The switch state of the limit switch 3 in the section 14A indicates that the armature portion 2 is located at the braking position, and the switch state of the limit switch 3 in the section 14B indicates that the armature portion 2 is located at the releasing position.

When the measuring pin 4 is moved away from the frame part 1 in the direction of arrow 15A, the switch state of the limit switch 3 changes to indicate the braking position upon reaching the first operating point 14'. Accordingly, when the measuring pin 4 is moved in the opposite direction 15B towards the frame part 1, the switch state of the limit switch 3 changes to indicate the release position upon reaching the second operating point 14 ". In the second embodiment, the limit switch 3 has only one operating point which divides the operating range 14 into two sections 14A, 14B. On one side of the operating point in the section 14A, the operating state of the limit switch 3 indicates the braking position in this case, and on the other side 14B the operating state of the limit switch 3 indicates the release position.

The measuring pin 4 in the brake of fig. 1 presses against the surface of the damping plate 10 in the air gap of the brake. This is advantageous because the damping plate 10/armature part 2 moves even more in the area of the air gap inside the brake than in the edge area of the brake, in which case more reliable measurement results are obtained from inside the brake.

The brake of fig. 1 further comprises an adjustment member with which the operating point of the limit switch 3 is adjusted by adjusting the distance of the limit switch 3 from the armature part 2. The adjustment plate 7A to which the limit switch 3 is fixed functions as an adjustment member. The adjustment plate 7A is further fixed to the frame portion 3 with screws 7B, 7C, and the distance between the adjustment plate 7A and the armature portion 2 is adjusted with the screws 7B, 7C. The screw fixing of the adjusting plate 7A is presented in more detail in fig. 2. The rough distance adjustment of the adjustment plate 7A is performed by adding a shim to the fixing screw 7C at the end of the adjustment plate, and the fine adjustment is performed with the adjustment screw 7B at the center of the plate 7A.

The armature part 2 of the brake can be embodied, for example, as a brake shoe of a shoe brake, a brake caliper of a car brake or a brake pad of a disc brake engaging with a brake disc.

It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that different embodiments of the invention are not limited to the examples described above, but that they may be varied within the scope of the claims presented below.

Claims

1. A brake, comprising:

a frame part (1) of the brake;

an armature part (2) movably supported on the frame part, the armature part being configured to be movable between a braking position and a release position;

a limit switch (3) attached to the frame part (1), the switching state of which changes at its operating point (14', 14 ");

characterized in that the brake comprises a measuring pin (4) which is movably supported on the frame part (1) of the brake and is separate from the armature part (2), which measuring pin is connected to the limit switch (3) and is configured to engage with a movement of the armature part (2) in an operating range (14) between the braking position and the release position in an operating direction of the limit switch (3), the operating points (14', 14 ") of the limit switch being configured to divide the operating range into sections of the operating range (14), wherein a switching state of the limit switch in a first section (14A) indicates the braking position and in a second section (14B) indicates the release position.

2. Brake according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a space (5) for the measuring pin (4) in the frame part (1) of the brake.

3. Brake according to claim 2, characterized in that the measuring pin (4) and the limit switch (3) are both arranged in the above-mentioned space (5) in the frame part of the brake.

4. Brake according to claim 2, characterized in that the aforementioned space (5) is inside the frame part (1),

and the measuring pin (4) is configured to engage with a braking surface of the air gap of the brake on the armature part (2) side.

5. A brake according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the brake comprises a thrust spring (6) fitted between the frame part (1) and the measuring pin (4) of the brake for engaging the measuring pin (4) with the armature part (2).

6. A brake according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the measuring pin (4) comprises an arrow-shaped tip portion, the pointed tip (4') of which is configured to press against the armature portion (2).

7. Brake according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the measuring pin (4) is separate from the limit switch (3).

8. A brake according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the brake comprises adjusting means (7A, 7B, 7C) with which the distance of the limit switch (3) from the armature part (2) is adjusted.

9. Brake according to claim 8, characterized in that the limit switch (3) is fixed to the frame part (1) with the adjusting member (7A, 7B, 7C).

10. The brake of claim 9, characterized in that the adjustment means comprise an adjustment plate (7A), the limit switch (3) being fixed to the adjustment plate (7A);

and the adjusting plate (7A) is fixed to the frame part (1) of the brake with adjusting screws (7B, 7C) with which the distance of the adjusting plate (7A) from the armature part (2) can be adjusted.

11. A brake according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the measuring pin (4) is arranged to slide along a guide surface (8) in the frame part (1) of the brake.

12. Elevator system comprising an elevator car, a hoist and also a hoisting rope travelling via a traction sheave of the hoist, with which the elevator car is moved, characterized in that the hoist comprises a brake according to any of claims 1-11 for braking the movement of the traction sheave of the hoist.