HK1141501B - Braking device for elevator - Google Patents

Description

Brake device for elevator

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a brake device for an elevator, and more particularly, to a brake device for an elevator, which brakes an ascending/descending body using an actuator when the ascending/descending speed exceeds a predetermined value or the ascending/descending body travels in an uncontrolled state.

Background

As a braking device for braking a vertically movable body using an actuator having an operating force capable of overcoming an elastic force and whose power supply is turned off under a predetermined condition, there is known a braking device including an actuator which is brought into sliding contact with a guide rail by the elastic force to decelerate and stop the vertically movable body when the power supply to the actuator is turned off. As the braking device using the actuator, for example, there is a braking device that brakes the vertically movable body when the vertical movement speed exceeds a predetermined value or when the vertically movable body travels in an uncontrolled state.

However, in the above-described braking device, in order to stop the vertically movable body by bringing the braking member into sliding contact with the guide rail by the elastic force, the elastic force needs to be set to a certain value or more, and in order to allow the vertically movable body to normally travel, the braking member on which the elastic force always acts needs to be kept in an open state. In addition, if an actuator having an attractive force capable of overcoming the elastic force is to be used, it is necessary to sufficiently secure the gap between the braking member and the guide rail, and to do so, it is necessary to further increase the capacity of the actuator.

For this purpose, for example, a braking device described in patent document 1 may be adopted, in which a wedge-shaped braking member that moves upward when the vertically movable body moves downward by a frictional force generated when the braking member is pressed against the guide rail and that moves downward when the vertically movable body moves upward is provided, and a holder that has 2 inclined surfaces forming a V-shaped side surface shape and is provided to hold the braking member between the holder and the guide rail. The braking device further includes an operation elastic body and a braking elastic body, which are independently configured, the operation elastic body moves the braking member toward the braking position through the connecting rod when the power supply of the actuator is cut off, and the braking elastic body applies a pressing force to the braking member which is in sliding contact with the guide rail, thereby obtaining an appropriate braking force. With the above-described structure, the brake device can reduce the elastic force of the operation elastic body, and can reduce the capacity of the actuator (see, for example, patent document 1).

Japanese patent laid-open No. 2007 and 277013 of patent document 1 (paragraph Nos. 0029 to 0035, FIG. 5)

However, in the above-described conventional art, since the actuator is attached to one end of the connecting rod and the braking member is attached to the other end, when the braking device performs braking on both sides of the vertically movable body, a reaction force generated when the braking member is sandwiched between the guide rail and the holder generates a pressing force for pressing the vertically movable body in a direction away from the guide rail, and a pressing force for pressing the guide rail in a direction away from the vertically movable body is generated, so that the vertically movable body is twisted or the attachment position of the guide rail is shifted, which is not preferable.

Further, since the movable braking member is provided only on one side, there is a problem that it is necessary to secure flexibility of the braking elastic body in order to exert a required braking force, and the apparatus becomes large in size. In addition, it is conceivable to use a braking elastic body having a high elastic coefficient so that a necessary braking force can be secured even when the amount of deflection is small, but in this method, since a small change in the amount of deflection greatly affects the braking force, it is necessary to strictly control the size of each portion.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator braking apparatus in which an operation elastic body and a braking elastic body are formed as separate members, so that it is possible to prevent a reaction force generated during braking from adversely affecting other devices, and to achieve a reduction in size and cost while exerting a required braking force.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention relates to an elevator braking device provided on a lifting body guided by guide rails, the elevator braking device including: brake arms which are arranged in a pair to face each other and are provided to be rotatable by a shaft; a braking elastic body provided between the braking arms; action arms which are arranged in a pair opposite to each other and are provided to be rotatable by a shaft; an elastic body for operation and an actuator provided between the operation arms; and a braking portion that moves upward when the vertically movable body moves downward by a frictional force generated when the braking portion is pressed against the guide rail, and moves downward when the vertically movable body moves upward, the braking portion including a pair of braking members, each of the pair of braking members being supported by each of the ends of the braking arm and the acting arm.

In the elevator braking device according to the first aspect of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the power supply to the actuator is turned off, so that the paired braking members are pressed against the guide rail so as to sandwich the guide rail by the elastic force of the operation elastic body provided between the operation arms, and the braking members move upward when the vertically movable body moves downward and move downward when the vertically movable body moves upward by the frictional force at that time. In this state, the braking member is pressed against the guide rail with an appropriate pressing force by the elastic force of the braking elastic body provided between the braking arms, thereby obtaining a braking force. Further, since the reaction force generated when the brake member is pressed against the guide rail is a force for rotating the pair of brake arms and the reaction force is absorbed by the brake elastic body provided between the brake arms, the reaction force generated when braking is performed does not adversely affect other devices. Further, by providing the braking elastic body and the operating elastic body independently, the elastic force of the operating elastic body can be reduced, and the capacity of the actuator can be reduced.

In addition, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator braking device, comprising: the braking part is provided with two inclined surfaces forming a V-shaped side surface shape on the opposite surface of the braking part; an operation ramp body supported by an end of the operation arm and formed with two inclined surfaces, one of which is substantially parallel to one of the inclined surfaces of the stopper and the other of which is substantially parallel to the other of the inclined surfaces of the stopper; and a braking ramp body supported by an end of the braking arm and having two inclined surfaces, one of which is substantially parallel to one of the inclined surfaces of the braking member and the other of which is substantially parallel to the other inclined surface of the braking member.

In the elevator braking device according to the second aspect of the present invention having the above configuration, the braking member is pressed against the guide rail by moving the operation inclined body in the direction of the guide rail by the elastic force of the operation elastic body when the power source of the actuator is turned off, and accordingly, the braking member having 2 inclined surfaces forming a V-shaped side surface shape formed on the surface opposite to the braking surface moves upward when the vertically movable body moves downward and downward when the vertically movable body moves upward along the inclined surfaces of the operation inclined body and the inclined surfaces of the braking inclined body. Further, the braking member is pressed against the guide rail with an appropriate pressing force by the elastic force of the braking elastic member by the braking inclined body, thereby obtaining a braking force. This makes it possible to reliably obtain a required braking force while smoothly performing a braking operation.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, the capacity of the actuator can be reduced, and adverse effects on other devices due to the reaction force generated during braking can be prevented. This makes it possible to reduce the size and cost of the device, and also to maintain the elevator equipment in a highly accurate state, thereby improving the reliability of the elevator equipment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an elevator showing a position where a brake device according to the present invention is installed.

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a main part of an embodiment of an elevator braking device according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a main part of the brake device in the present embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a main part showing a state when the braking member is in contact with the guide rail.

Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a main portion showing a state where the stopper is in contact with the guide rail.

Fig. 6 is a schematic front view of a main part showing a state in which the stopper is pressed against the guide rail when abnormal descending movement occurs.

Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a main part showing a state when the stopper is pressed against the guide rail.

Fig. 8 is a schematic front view of a main part showing a state in which the stopper is pressed against the guide rail when abnormal upward movement occurs.

Description of the symbols

1 mechanical chamber

2 rope wheel

3 suspension cable

4 elevator car

5 balance weight

6 lifting channel

7 elevator car side guide rail

8-counterweight side guide rail

10 brake device

11 axle

12 arm for braking

13 brake elastomer

14 acting arm

15 elastic body for operation

16 actuator

17 braking part

17a brake member

17a1, 17a2 inclined plane

17b axis

17c inclined plane body for operation

17c1, 17c2 inclined plane

17d axle

17e inclined plane body for braking

Inclined surfaces 17e1, 17e2

Detailed Description

An embodiment of an elevator braking device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an elevator showing an installation position of a brake device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a main part of an embodiment of the brake device for an elevator according to the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a main part of the braking device in the present embodiment, fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a main part showing a state when the braking member is in contact with the guide rail, FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a main part showing a state where the stopper is in contact with the guide rail, FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of a main part showing a state where the stopper is pressed against the guide rail when abnormal descending movement occurs, figure 7 is a schematic plan view of the main part showing a state when the stopper is pressed against the guide rail, fig. 8 is a schematic front view of a main part showing a state in which the stopper is pressed against the guide rail when abnormal upward movement occurs.

As shown in fig. 1, in the elevator, a hoist rope 3 is wound around a sheave 2 of a hoist located in a machine room 1, and an elevator car 4 and a counterweight 5 are connected to both ends of the hoist rope 3, respectively. In the hoistway 6, the elevator car 4 is guided by an elevator car side guide rail 7, and the counterweight 5 is guided by a counterweight side guide rail 8. Further, the elevator car 4 and the counterweight 5 are raised and lowered in the hoistway 6 by rotating the sheave 2 of the hoisting machine. The braking device 10 in the present embodiment is fixed to the upper portion of the elevator car 4 by bolts, not shown.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the brake device 10 according to the present embodiment includes: braking arms 12, the braking arms 12 being disposed opposite to each other in a pair, and being provided to be rotatable by the shaft 11; a braking elastic body 13, the braking elastic body 13 being provided between the braking arms 12; an operation arm 14 which is located inside the braking arm 12, is arranged to face each other in a pair, and is provided to be rotatable by the shaft 11; an elastic body 15 for operation and an actuator 16 provided between the operation arms 14; and a brake portion 17 supported by each end of the brake arm 12 and the actuator arm 14.

The stopper portion 17 has: a pair of braking members 17a, wherein two inclined surfaces 17a1, 17a2 forming a V-shaped side surface shape are formed on the opposite surfaces of the braking surface of the pair of braking members 17a, and the braking members 17a move upwards when the elevator car 4 descends and move downwards when the elevator car 4 ascends due to the friction force generated when the braking members are pressed on the elevator car side guide rail 7; an operation ramp body 17c rotatably supported by an end of the operation arm 14 via a shaft 17b, the operation ramp body 17c having two inclined surfaces 17c1 and 17c2 formed substantially parallel to the inclined surfaces 17a1 and 17a2 of the stopper 17a, respectively; a braking ramp body 17e rotatably supported by the end of the braking arm 12 via a shaft 17d, having a cross-sectional shape substantially in the shape of コ, in which a braking member 17a and an operation ramp body 17c are disposed inside, and two inclined surfaces 17e1 and 17e2 substantially parallel to the inclined surfaces 17a1 and 17a2 of the braking member 17a are formed at the open end.

In the present embodiment, during normal operation, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the actuator 16 is in the energized state, and the stopper 17a is kept away from the elevator car side guide rail 7 against the elastic force of the operation elastic body 15. At this time, as shown in fig. 3, the inclined surfaces 17a1, 17a2 of the stopper 17a are opposed to the inclined surfaces 17c1, 17c2 of the operation slant body 17c, respectively, and are held at predetermined positions by the upper surface and a part of the lower surface thereof abutting against the inner wall of the braking slant body 17e having a コ -shaped cross-sectional shape. When a speed detector, not shown, detects that the elevator car 4 has abnormally moved downward, for example, an electric signal is transmitted from the speed detector to the braking device 10, and the braking device 10 interrupts the current supplied to the actuator 16. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, when the current supplied to the actuator 16 is interrupted, the operation arm 14 is rotated by the shaft 11 by the elastic force of the operation elastic body 15 provided between the operation arms 14, and the operation inclined body 17c supported by the end of the operation arm 14 moves toward the elevator car side guide rail 7, so that the stopper 17a is pressed against the elevator car side guide rail 7. At this time, by moving the operation ramp 17c toward the elevator car side rail 7, the inclined surfaces 17c1, 17c2 of the operation ramp 17c and the inclined surfaces 17e1, 17e2 of the braking ramp 17e become substantially flush with each other. As shown in fig. 6, when the elevator car 4 descends in a state where the stopper 17a is pressed against the car-side guide rail 7, the stopper 17a moves upward along the inclined surface 17c2 of the operation slant 17c by the frictional force, and then moves upward along the inclined surface 17e2 of the braking slant 17 e. As a result, as shown in fig. 7, the braking member 17a is inserted between the elevator car side rail 7 and the inclined surface 17e2 of the braking inclined surface 17e, the braking arm 12 is rotated by the shaft 11, and the braking member 17a is pressed against the elevator car side rail 7 with an appropriate pressing force by the elastic force of the braking elastic body 13 provided between the braking arms 12, thereby braking the elevator car 4.

On the other hand, when an abnormal rising movement of the elevator car 4 is detected by a speed detector, not shown, an electric signal is input from the speed detector to the braking device 10, and the braking device 10 disconnects the power supply to the actuator 16. When the power supply of the actuator 16 is turned off, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the operation arm 14 is rotated by the shaft 11 by the elastic force of the operation elastic body 15 provided between the operation arms 14, and the operation inclined body 17c supported by the end of the operation arm 14 moves toward the elevator car side guide rail 7, thereby pressing the stopper 17a toward the elevator car side guide rail 7. At this time, by moving the operation ramp 17c toward the elevator car side rail 7, the inclined surfaces 17c1, 17c2 of the operation ramp 17c and the inclined surfaces 17e1, 17e2 of the braking ramp 17e become substantially flush with each other. As shown in fig. 8, when the elevator car 4 is raised in a state where the stopper 17a is pressed against the car-side guide rail 7, the stopper 17a moves downward along the inclined surface 17c1 of the operation slant 17c by the frictional force, and then moves downward along the inclined surface 17e1 of the braking slant 17 e. As a result, the braking member 17a is inserted between the elevator car side rail 7 and the inclined surface 17e1 of the braking inclined surface 17e, so that the braking arm 12 is rotated by the shaft 11 as shown in fig. 7, and the braking member 17a is pressed against the elevator car side rail 7 with an appropriate pressing force by the elastic force of the braking elastic body 13 provided between the braking arms 12, thereby braking the elevator car 4.

According to the present embodiment, the reaction force generated when the braking member 17a is pressed against the elevator car side guide rail 7 becomes the force for rotating the pair of braking arms 12, and the reaction force is absorbed by the braking elastic body 13 provided between the braking arms 12, so that the reaction force generated at the time of braking does not adversely affect other devices. Further, by providing the braking elastic body 13 and the operating elastic body 15 separately, the elastic force of the operating elastic body 15 can be reduced, and the capacity of the actuator 16 can be reduced. Thus, the elevator equipment can be kept in a high-precision state while realizing the miniaturization and low cost of the device, and the reliability of the elevator equipment can be improved. Further, as described above, since the main parts of the brake device 10 are provided in pairs and are symmetrically arranged in the left-right direction, and the brake arm 12 and the operation arm 14 are rotated by the same shaft 11, the brake members 17a in pairs can be brought into uniform sliding contact with the guide rail while smoothly operating the respective portions, and stable braking force can be obtained.

Claims (2)

1. A brake device for an elevator, which is provided on a lifting body guided by a guide rail,

the elevator braking device is provided with: brake arms which are arranged in a pair to face each other and are provided to be rotatable by a shaft; a braking elastic body provided between the braking arms; action arms which are arranged in a pair opposite to each other and are provided to be rotatable by a shaft; an elastic body for operation and an actuator provided between the operation arms; and a braking portion that moves upward when the vertically movable body moves downward by a frictional force generated when the braking portion is pressed against the guide rail, and moves downward when the vertically movable body moves upward, the braking portion including a pair of braking members, each of the pair of braking members being supported by each of the ends of the braking arm and the acting arm.

2. The braking device for an elevator according to claim 1,

the braking portion is provided with: the braking part is provided with two inclined surfaces forming a V-shaped side surface shape on the opposite surface of the braking part; an operation ramp body supported by an end of the operation arm and formed with two inclined surfaces, one of which is substantially parallel to one of the inclined surfaces of the stopper and the other of which is substantially parallel to the other of the inclined surfaces of the stopper; and a braking ramp body supported by an end of the braking arm and having two inclined surfaces, one of which is substantially parallel to one of the inclined surfaces of the braking member and the other of which is substantially parallel to the other inclined surface of the braking member.