GB920815A - Process for the production of membrane filters - Google Patents
Process for the production of membrane filtersInfo
- Publication number
- GB920815A GB920815A GB12152/60A GB1215260A GB920815A GB 920815 A GB920815 A GB 920815A GB 12152/60 A GB12152/60 A GB 12152/60A GB 1215260 A GB1215260 A GB 1215260A GB 920815 A GB920815 A GB 920815A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pore
- size
- solvent
- water
- membrane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title abstract 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 9
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 abstract 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000005909 ethyl alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/00091—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching by evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
- B01D67/00111—Polymer pretreatment in the casting solutions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/08—Specific temperatures applied
- B01D2323/081—Heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/15—Use of additives
- B01D2323/18—Pore-control agents or pore formers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
- B01D2325/0282—Dynamic pores-stimuli responsive membranes, e.g. thermoresponsive or pH-responsive
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/05—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Membrane filters are made by dissolving a water-soluble organic macro-molecular material in a solvent, adding to the solution so made an additive effecting enlargement of pore-size selected from the group consisting of watermiscible organic solvents and water-soluble salts, casting a thin layer of the solution, allowing it to gelatinize to form a membrane, stabilizing the pore size of the membrane by means of a pore-size stabilizing agent selected from the aforesaid group and drying the membrane. The stabilization may be effected by adding such a stabilizing agent to the solution prior to casting, and this method is preferred where the solvent is an organic solvent immiscible with water. Thus a methyl cellulose membrane may be made using a chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent, especially methylene chloride, to which methyl alcohol has been added as pore-size enlarging additive and ethyl acetate as the pore-size stabilizing agent. The layer may be cast by spreading the solution of methyl cellulose or other macro-molecular material in the water-immiscible organic solvent, containing also the pore-size enlarging additive and pore-size stabilizing agent, uniformly on a flat support and allowing the solvent to evaporate freely into the atmosphere. Alternatively, stabilization of pore-size may be effected by treating the cast layer with a pore-size stabilizing agent which is a liquid miscible with the solvent and hence capable of replacing solvent in the membrane, and this method is preferred where the solvent is water. Where water is the solvent, there may be added to the aqueous solution of the macro-molecular material, the pore-size enlargement additive, and a gelatinizationpromoting additive. Both additives are preferably water-miscible organic solvents or watersoluble salts, and the pore-size enlargement additive may also function as the gelatinizationpromoting agent. Stabilizing agents suitable for this method are water miscible organic solvents, e.g. methyl and ethyl alcohols, acetone, and methyl acetate, and aqueous salt solutions, e.g. aqueous sodium phosphate. Thus a gelatine membrane may be cast using water as solvent, and ethyl alcohol as pore-size enlargement additive and gelatinization-promoting agent. A polyvinyl alcohol membrane may be cast using water as solvent, and aqueous sodium sulphate as pore-size enlargement additive and gelatinization-promoting agent. Methyl acetate may be used as pore-size stabilizing agent for both gelatine and polyvinyl alcohol films made in this way. A methyl cellulose membrane may be cast using water as solvent and aqueous sodium phosphate as pore-size enlargement additive, gelatinization-promoting additives and stabilizing agent. The cast layer is immersed on its support, in a bath of the pore-size stabilizing agent, and is then dried in air at normal or elevated temperature. The casting support may advantageously be coated with a water repellent substance, e.g. wax or oleaginous material, to facilitate stripping. Nutrients for micro-organisms, dyestuffs and other chemical substances may be added to the solution of macro-molecular material prior to casting, and the cast membrane may be after-treated to inhibit its water-absorption properties, e.g. by heating or treatment with cross-linking agents, and may be sterilized, e.g. with gaseous ethylene oxide. Membrane filters so made are permeable to air, can be used for the culture of bacteria and for filtering bacteria from fluids and are soluble in aqueous physiologically tolerable liquids. In examples, a gelatine filter of pore diameter 0,5-0,7n has an air permeability of 30-50 1/min., a polyvinyl alcohol filter of pore diameter 2-3n has an air permeability of 300 1/min., and methyl cellulose filters of pore size 5-10m have air permeabilities of 300-700 1/min.ALSO:Membrane filters permeable to liquids which can be used for the filtration of bacteria from fluids, and for bacterial culture, and which are soluble in aqueous physiologically tolerable liquids, are described. In examples, a gelatine filter of pore diameter 0,5-0,7 m has an air permeability of 30-50 1 min, a polyvinyl alcohol filter of pore diameter 2-3m has an air permeability of 300 1 min. and methyl cellulose filters of pore size 5-10m have air permeabilities of 300-700 1 min. For the method of making the filters, (see Group IV(a)).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEM41588A DE1173640B (en) | 1959-05-21 | 1959-05-21 | Process for the production of membrane filters |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB920815A true GB920815A (en) | 1963-03-13 |
Family
ID=7304070
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB12152/60A Expired GB920815A (en) | 1959-05-21 | 1960-04-06 | Process for the production of membrane filters |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH399423A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1173640B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB920815A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4073733A (en) * | 1975-04-22 | 1978-02-14 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | PVA membrane and method for preparing the same |
| CN101422669B (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2012-02-08 | 南昌大学 | A kind of preparation method of hydrophilic polymer microporous filter material |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19750215C1 (en) * | 1997-11-13 | 1999-02-04 | Sartorius Gmbh | Gelatin membrane filter increasing number of viable micro-organisms collected from gas |
| DE19814715A1 (en) * | 1998-04-02 | 1999-10-07 | Sartorius Gmbh | Gelatin membrane filters, process for their preparation and their use |
| US6406906B1 (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2002-06-18 | Sartorius Ag | Gelatin membrane filters and method for producing the same |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2236061A (en) * | 1937-05-27 | 1941-03-25 | Du Pont | Method of making films, threads, and the like |
-
1959
- 1959-05-21 DE DEM41588A patent/DE1173640B/en active Pending
-
1960
- 1960-03-07 CH CH257560A patent/CH399423A/en unknown
- 1960-04-06 GB GB12152/60A patent/GB920815A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4073733A (en) * | 1975-04-22 | 1978-02-14 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | PVA membrane and method for preparing the same |
| CN101422669B (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2012-02-08 | 南昌大学 | A kind of preparation method of hydrophilic polymer microporous filter material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH399423A (en) | 1965-09-30 |
| DE1173640B (en) | 1964-07-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US1421341A (en) | Filter and method of producing same | |
| US20230226216A1 (en) | Method for preparing cyclodextrin metal organic framework (cd-mof) stable in aqueous phase | |
| US2783894A (en) | Microporous nylon film | |
| Liu et al. | Preparation and characterization of chitosan/Cu (II) affinity membrane for urea adsorption | |
| EA009256B1 (en) | Method for encapsulating in cellulose matrix | |
| GB920815A (en) | Process for the production of membrane filters | |
| US3957935A (en) | Process for the production of a dry desalting cellulose acetate membrane | |
| Bigelow et al. | Collodion Membranes. | |
| CN110538642B (en) | Composite material for adsorbing formaldehyde and preparation method thereof | |
| JPS5584503A (en) | Preparing cellulose ester based selective permeable membrane | |
| GB1043616A (en) | Coated filter aid and improved filtration method | |
| US3773534A (en) | Process for preparing a dry semi-permeable cellulose acetate membrane | |
| CN101069750A (en) | Virus-eliminating filtering film and preparing method | |
| ES423043A1 (en) | Fibrous cellulose acetate filter material | |
| CN111802556A (en) | Composite impregnated cellulose-based aerogel solid matter and preparation method thereof | |
| JPS55147108A (en) | Treatment of polysulfone semipermeable membrane | |
| JPS5763302A (en) | Spherical particles of crosslinked porous amylose and its production | |
| RU2273516C2 (en) | Biosorbent preparation method | |
| JPS62160109A (en) | Manufacture of microporous filter membrane | |
| JPS5691814A (en) | Manufacture of ultrafiltration film | |
| EP0264229A3 (en) | Process for preparing a polyimide membrane | |
| JPS55165929A (en) | Production of microporous permeable polymer film | |
| JPS5582621A (en) | Production of sponge | |
| SU1717198A1 (en) | Method for electron transfer through artificial membrane | |
| US3558756A (en) | Process of making gelatin wool filter |