GB2262038A - Ovicidal compositions - Google Patents
Ovicidal compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2262038A GB2262038A GB9225531A GB9225531A GB2262038A GB 2262038 A GB2262038 A GB 2262038A GB 9225531 A GB9225531 A GB 9225531A GB 9225531 A GB9225531 A GB 9225531A GB 2262038 A GB2262038 A GB 2262038A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- eggs
- composition according
- phenols
- oocysts
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 231100000194 ovacidal Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000003151 ovacidal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000244030 Toxocara canis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- -1 alkyl phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000003250 oocyst Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010034145 Helminth Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000242594 Platyhelminthes Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000000013 helminth Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000004409 schistosomiasis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000118205 Ovicides Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000223997 Toxoplasma gondii Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010044269 Toxocariasis Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000244031 Toxocara Species 0.000 description 5
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 241000223996 Toxoplasma Species 0.000 description 3
- 201000005485 Toxoplasmosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000208 phytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000000885 phytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGUZWBOJHNWZOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dimethylbenzene-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1O RGUZWBOJHNWZOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PGSWEKYNAOWQDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylcatechol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O PGSWEKYNAOWQDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005206 1,2-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DPHNJPUOMLRELT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-inden-4-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC2=C1CCC2 DPHNJPUOMLRELT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTCHLXABLZQNNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C)=CC(O)=C1 XTCHLXABLZQNNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBCATMYQYDCTIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcatechol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZBCATMYQYDCTIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010011732 Cyst Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001638368 Trichuris vulpis Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000031513 cyst Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001867 guaiacol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000005204 hydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YIAPLDFPUUJILH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indan-1-ol Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(O)CCC2=C1 YIAPLDFPUUJILH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEHSSTUGJUBZBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N indan-5-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2CCCC2=C1 PEHSSTUGJUBZBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
An ovicidal composition comprises an aqueous emulsion of phenols, preferably alkyl phenols, with a soap such as saponified caster oil. The composition may be used in the treatment of toxocara canis eggs and other infectious forms of other dog and cat worm eggs, thus assisting in the prevention of toxocariasis and the like. The diluted composition may be applied directly to grass and soil on which the eggs are commonly found.
Description
Ovicidal Compositions
This invention concerns ovicidal compositions.
Considerable publicity has been given recently to the incidence of human toxocariasis, a disease which can cause a number of clinical symptons, including blindness.
The disease is caused by a parasite known as toxocara, and may be spread in dog excrement. Toxocara eggs may survive in soil for prolonged periods, and may be accidentally ingested by children when playing in parks, for example.
A further disease known as toxoplasmosis may be transmitted by domestic pets, usually cats. The disease is caused by a parasite known as toxoplasma gondii, and although in the majority of cases it is not serious, it may be dangerous particularly in pregnant women (where the unborn baby may be affected) and in patients whose defences against infection are impaired. Toxoplasmosis is carried by an infectious cyst form of toxoplasma known as an oocyst which may be accidentally ingested, again primarily by soil contamination.
Although the observance of certain hygiene precautions can reduce the risk of infection, it would naturally be preferable to eradicate the source of infection, namely the toxocara eggs or the toxoplasma oocysts. The toxocara egg is particularly resistant, and various known disinfectants have been found ineffective in killing the eggs, particularly when applied at concentrations which are not phytotoxic - that is, which will not damage grass and park land on which the eggs are found.
The present invention seeks to provide ovicidal compositions which are effective in destroying toxocara eggs and toxoplasma oocysts, but which are not phytotoxic.
The terms "egg" and Itovicidell when used in this specification are to be understood to include oocysts and substances which are capable of destroying oocysts.
According to the invention there is provided a composition for use as an ovicide comprising an aqueous emulsion of phenols as defined hereinafter with a soap.
The term "phenols'1 when used in this specification includes all aryl hydroxides, and is not limited to hydroxy benzenes.
Preferably there is used a mixture predominantly of high boiling alkyl phenols. In particular there may be employed a mixture of phenols derived from coal carbonisation. Preferably the phenol mixture has a boiling range of 220 - 2900C, and more preferably of 230 - 2800C, and a specific gravity of approximately 1.023 at 15 C.
The soap is preferably saponified castor oil.
The ovicidal composition preferably comprises at least 20E ó by volume of phenols and up to 80, ó by volume of soap.
The ovicidal composition more preferably comprises 30 - 35 by volume of phenols and 70 - 65 by volume of soap.
In a further aspect, the invention is the use of an aqueous emulsion of phenols as hereinbefore defined as an ovicide. In particular, the invention provides for such use in the ovicidal treatment of helminth ova, protozoal oocysts or platyhelminth eggs, such as toxocara canis eggs, toxoplasma gondii oocysts or Bilharzia eggs.
In a still further aspect, the invention relates to the use of a composition as hereinbefore defined in the manufacture of ovicidal preparations.
In a yet further aspect, the invention provides an ovicidal method comprising the steps of providing an aqueous solution of a composition as hereinbefore defined and applying the solution to an area contaminated with helminth ova, protozoal oocysts or platyhelminth eggs.
The invention also provides a method of preventive control of helminth ova, protozoal oocysts and platyhelminth eggs comprising the steps of providing an aqueous solution of a composition as hereinbefore defined and applying the solution to an area liable to contamination with the ova, oocysts or eggs.
The invention will be further described for the purposes of illustration only with reference to the following example.
Example
An ovicidal composition according to the invention is prepared according to the following formulation.
a) Castor oil soap (70 a) The soap is saponified castor oil. Physical properties of the castor oil are as follows: specific gravity 0.969 at 15.50C; saponification value 183 - 186; refractive index 1.480 at 150C; iodine value 82 - 86.
b) Phenol mixture (30C a) as follows: 7 3-methyl 5-ethyl phenol 2 ó 2,3,5-trimethyl phenol 5 propyl phenols 5% indanols methyl indanols 2 ó 3,4-xylenol 73 Ó other alkyl phenols.
The product is a dark brown to black clear viscous liquid having a specific gravity at 600F (15.560C) of approximately 1.027 and pH 7.5.
Initial studies using aqueous solutions of the product at varying dilutions between 1:50 and 1:300 applied to solutions of toxocara canis in dilute formalin solution have indicated that the product is effective in destroying the eggs and/or preventing embryonation as compared to control samples in water incubated under the same conditions.
The composition may also be used in the treatment of toxoplasma gondii oocysts, and the eggs of Bilharzia, which cause bilharziasis (schistosomiasis).
In use the concentrated product is diluted 1:200 with water. The diluted solution is applied to lawns, soil and the like which are suspected of contamination.
Compositions according to the invention may also be used directly to sterilize deposits of excrement.
The preferred degree of dilution of the product may vary depending upon the circumstances of use.
The product is biodegradeable and is not phytotoxic.
The following trial further illustrates the invention.
An exercise paddock, of approximately 150 sq.m, at a commercial greyhound breeding kennels was used for the trial.
Two weeks prior to the start of the trial soil samples were collected randomly from the paddock and examined for toxocara canis and other dog worm eggs, to confirm the degree of contamination.
rive separate test areas were then designated within the paddock and the composition of the invention was applied using a watering can according to the
Schedule outlined in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Reference Rate of Dose Number
Letter Dilution ~ Application (weekly interval)
C 1:50 5 litre/sq.m 1
1:50 5 litre/sq.m 2
E 1:100 5 litre/4 sq.m 1
1:100 5 litre/4 sq.m 2
A 1:100 5 litre/4 sq.m 1
1:100 10 litre/4 sq.m 2
D 1:200 5 litre/4 sq.m 1
1:200 5 litre/4 sq.m 2
B 1:200 5 litre/4 sq.m 1
1:200 10 litre/4 sq.m 2
The ovicidal composition was diluted as indicated using tap water.
Soil samples were collected from each test area and examined for toxocara canis and other worm eggs, according to the following timetable.
Trial Day Action Taken Control samples 1-8 collected.
1 First dose applied.
2 First soil samples collected: Al, B1, C1,
D1, El.
3 Samples A1-E1 processed.
7 Soil samples collected: A2, 82, C2, D2,
E2, the second dose applied.
8 Collect soil samples: A3, B3, C3, D3, E3.
Process samples: A2-E2 9 Process samples: A3-E3
Method
Soil samples were taken using a gardening trowel, scraping approximately 100 g into labelled polythene bags. A salt flotation method was used to extract the eggs from the soil (modified from Quinn et al). The soil sample was sieved through a 4 mm sieve to remove stones, grass and other large matter. In a small beaker to which 100 ml of a detergent and wetting agent was added, to separate the worm eggs from the soil particles. The soil suspension was then homogenised in a heavy-duty laboratory homogeniser for 5 minutes. The suspension was then poured into four centrifuge tubes and spun at 2000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant was discarded and the sediment was resuspended in saturated magnesium sulphate solution, to float the eggs. The tubes were again centrifuged at 2000 rpm for a further 10 minutes.Finally the tubes were topped up with magnesium sulphate solution to make a positive meniscus. A cover slip was placed on each of the four tubes and left for 5 minutes while the eggs accumulated under it. Each cover slip was then transferred to a microscope slide and examined at x100 magnification. The number of eggs per sample was the total number found on all four slides.
Results
The results are set out in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Numbers of T. canis (and T. vulpis) eggs found in 25 g soil samples.
SAMPLE NUMBER NUMBER OF EGGS
T. canis T. Volpis
CONTROLS
1 1 1
2 8 2
3 4 6
4 5 6
5 9 4
6 0 0
7 8 2
8 5 0 (Toxocariasis leonina eggs were also found in samples 1 and 6).
SAMPLES TAKEN AFTER FIRST ARMILLATOX DOSE: 1:100 Al 17 5 1:200 B1 No sample 1:50 C1 1 8 1:200 Dl No sample 1:100 El 3 6
SAMPLES TAKEN ONE WEEK AFTER FIRST ARMILLATOX DOSE: 1:100 A2 14 6 1:200 B2 5 3 1:50 C2 1 3 1:200 D2 0 3 1:100 E2 2 1
SAMPLES TAKEN AFTER SECOND ARMILLATOX DOSE: 1:100 A3 5 0 1:200 B3 4 2 1:50 C3 1 4 1:200 D3 0 6 1:100 E3 0 2
Observations
Although the scope of the initial trial is limited, there appears to be a decrease in the number of toxocara canis eggs found in the final set of samples, after two doses of the treatment.
In the test samples A and B the dosage was doubled for the second dose as the degree of soil wetting and penetration was not great before the initial application rate of 5 litre/4 sq.m.
The number of eggs found in area A, in particular, was greatly reduced and no eggs were found in areas D and
E.
Other Phenols
A suitable phenol mixture for use in the invention may be derived from natural sources, and accordingly the composition of the phenol mixture may be varied within the limits set out hereinbefore. The mixture may for example include indanols and alkyl indanols, catechol and alkyl substituted catechols, hydroxy hydrindenes and beta napthol.
Analysis of a typical phenol mixture may isolate any or all of the following:
M.N. propyl phenol 2,3,5-trimethyl phenol 2,4,5-trimethyl phenol 3-methyl 5-ethyl phenol catechol 4-hydroxy hydrindene 3-methyl catechol 3,6-dimethyl catechol 5-hydroxy hydrindene 4-methyl catechol 3,5-di methyl catechol beta napthol.
The invention accordingly provides a composition which may be diluted with water and can then be applied directly to areas of soil, grassland and the like from which toxocariasis and/or toxoplasmosis might be contracted, without risk of damage to grass or plants.
Whilst endeavouring in the foregoing specification to draw attention to those features of the invention believed to be of particular importance it should be understood that the Applicant claims protection in respect of any patentable feature or combination of features hereinbefore referred to whether or not particular emphasis has been placed thereon.
Claims (19)
1. A composition for use as an ovicide comprising an aqueous emulsion of phenols with a soap.
2. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the phenols are alkyl phenols.
3. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the phenols comprise a phenol mixture derived from coal carbonisation.
4. A composition according to any of the preceding
Claims, wherein there is used a phenol mixture having a boiling range of 220-2800C.
5. A composition according to any of the preceding
Claims, wherein there is used a phenol mixture having a boiling range of 230-2800C.
6. A composition according to any of the preceding
Claims, wherein the soap is Saponified castor oil.
7. A composition according to any of the preceding
Claims, comprising at least 20 ó by volume of phenols and up to 80 ó by volume of soap.
8. A composition according to Claim 7, comprising 30-35 by volume of phenols and 70-65 ó by volume of soap.
9. The use of a composition according to any of Claims 1 to 8 as an ovicide.
10. The use according to Claim 9, in the ovicidal treatment of helminth ova, protozoal oocysts or platyhelminth eggs.
11. The use according to Claim 10 in the treatment of toxocara canis eggs.
12. The use according to Claim 10 in the treatment of toxoplasma gondii oocysts.
13. The use according to Claim 10 in the treatment of
Bilharzia eggs.
14. An ovicidal method comprising the steps of providing an aqueous solution of a composition according to any of Claims 1 to 8 and applying the solution to an area contaminated with helminth ova, protzoal oocysts or platyhelminth eggs.
15. A method of preventive control of helminth ova, protozoal oocysts and platyhelminth eggs comprising the steps of providing an aqueous solution of a composition according to any of Claims 1 to 8 and applying the solution to an area liable to contamination with the ova oocysts or eggs.
16. The use of a composition according to any of Claims 1 to 8 in the manufacture of ovicidal preparations.
17. A composition substantially as hereinbefore described.
18. A method substantially as hereinbefore described.
19. Any novel subject matter or combination including novel subject matter disclosed, whether or not within the scope of or relating to the same invention as any of the preceding Claims.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9225531A GB2262038B (en) | 1991-12-06 | 1992-12-07 | Ovicidal methods |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB919126007A GB9126007D0 (en) | 1991-12-06 | 1991-12-06 | Ovicidal compositions |
| GB9225531A GB2262038B (en) | 1991-12-06 | 1992-12-07 | Ovicidal methods |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9225531D0 GB9225531D0 (en) | 1993-01-27 |
| GB2262038A true GB2262038A (en) | 1993-06-09 |
| GB2262038B GB2262038B (en) | 1996-01-31 |
Family
ID=26299970
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9225531A Expired - Fee Related GB2262038B (en) | 1991-12-06 | 1992-12-07 | Ovicidal methods |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2262038B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1060134A (en) * | 1964-12-29 | 1967-03-01 | Coalite Chem Prod Ltd | Bactericidal compositions |
| GB1067539A (en) * | 1965-03-31 | 1967-05-03 | Unilever Ltd | Antimicrobial composition |
| GB1090020A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1967-11-08 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Antibacterial compositions |
| GB1171943A (en) * | 1965-11-18 | 1969-11-26 | Arrowhead Ind Inc | Deodorant. |
| GB1420946A (en) * | 1972-10-13 | 1976-01-14 | Beecham Group Ltd | Anti-bacterial compositions |
| SU682202A1 (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1979-08-30 | Ленинградский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Лесного Хозяйства | Soil reclamation method |
-
1992
- 1992-12-07 GB GB9225531A patent/GB2262038B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1060134A (en) * | 1964-12-29 | 1967-03-01 | Coalite Chem Prod Ltd | Bactericidal compositions |
| GB1067539A (en) * | 1965-03-31 | 1967-05-03 | Unilever Ltd | Antimicrobial composition |
| GB1090020A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1967-11-08 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Antibacterial compositions |
| GB1171943A (en) * | 1965-11-18 | 1969-11-26 | Arrowhead Ind Inc | Deodorant. |
| GB1420946A (en) * | 1972-10-13 | 1976-01-14 | Beecham Group Ltd | Anti-bacterial compositions |
| SU682202A1 (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1979-08-30 | Ленинградский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Лесного Хозяйства | Soil reclamation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2262038B (en) | 1996-01-31 |
| GB9225531D0 (en) | 1993-01-27 |
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