GB1193893A - Petroleum Purification - Google Patents

Abstract

1,193,893. Hydrocracking; hydrorefining. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO. 25 April, 1968 25 April, 1967], No. 19776/68. Heading C5E. A petroleum feed, e.g. crude or topped crude oil, or oils derived from shale oil, tar sands or coal, is preheated at 14 and catalytically hydrocracked and demetallized at 16 with at least 2,500 S.C.F. of recycle plus make-up hydrogen per barrel of feed while in the liquid phase at 700-1000‹ F. and 500-5000 p.s.i.g. The cracked feed is then catalytically hydrodesulphurized at 23 while in the liquid phase at 600- 850‹ C. and 500-5000 p.s.i.g. and then separated at 28 into a gaseous stream 31 and a liquid stream 29 which is heated at 56 and further separated at 58 into heavy fuel oil 59, naphtha 60, and middle distillate (furnace oil) 61. At least part of the furnace oil is catalytically hydrocracked whilst in the vapour phase at 700-1000‹ F. and 500-5000 p.s.i.g. and is then passed to the separator 28. Suitable catalysts for the first and second hydrocracking stages and for the hydrodesulphurization consist of a fixed, moving or fluidized bed of a catalytic metal comprising Co, Mo, W, U, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, In, or Pt deposited on a support of silica or of an oxide of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, B, Al, Ga, In, Th, Ti, Zr, Ht or Th. A catalyst for the first hydrocracking stage comprises up to 5 wt. per cent of Mo, Co, Ni or Fe on a base made by partially oxidizing a fluid coke at 700‹ F. and on which metals from the charge stream are deposited when the charge stream has a metals content greater than 100 p.p.m. In an example the catalyst used for the first and second hydrocracking stages consists of 3% cobalt oxide and 12% molybdenum oxide on an alumina support and the hydrodesulphurization catalyst consists of 0À5% Ni, 1% Co and 8% Mo on a support made by calcining an aluminium hydroxide.